Pt/PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) flexible thin-film neural electrodes represent a promising platform for chronic neural signal acquisition and neuromodulation. However, inherent mechanical and electrochemical instability arises from insufficient interfacial adhesion at the metal-polymer boundary, manifesting as progressive delamination and impedance drift under cyclic mechanical loading. To address these challenges, we present a synergistic engineering strategy integrating three complementary approaches: geometric optimization of electrode array configurations, femtosecond laser-processed micro/nanostructured mechanical interlocks, and polymer matrix toughening through hexane-induced PDMS crosslinking modification. Finite element analysis and cyclic bending tests indicate that the optimized circular electrode array effectively distributes stress and alleviates stress concentration. Parametric Geometry Optimization enables active control of serpentine unit geometry, suppressing local stress and outperforming conventional designs under multi-axis loads.Furthermore, femtosecond laser processing creates periodic micro-nanostructures that form mechanical interlocks, significantly enhancing interfacial adhesion. Micro-Nano Interfacial Interlocking combines surface patterning with substrate modification to achieve robust adhesion, overcoming modulus mismatch. Additionally, hexane-modified PDMS improves polymer toughness, reinforcing the reliability of the interlocking structure. These innovations are integrated into a multi-scale design that synergizes geometric and material engineering, providing a comprehensive solution for long-term reliability of flexible implantable electrodes. This integrated approach increases Pt/PDMS interface bonding strength to 4.412 MPa, 9.74 times higher than that of the untreated samples, while reducing impedance fluctuations after cyclic bending (500 cycles, 80%) to 18.3%. These advancements collectively enable a new paradigm in durable flexible bioelectronics, where multiscale structural engineering synergistically enhances both mechanical robustness and functional reliability in chronic implantation scenarios.
{"title":"A synergistic strategy for enhancing the stability of Pt/PDMS flexible electrodes: integration of array geometry optimization and interfacial mechanical interlocking","authors":"Liangping Ma, Ban Chen, Wanchen Zhang, Tengyu Guo, Xiaowei Han, Donghui Wang, Hongshui Wang, Chunyong Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165854","url":null,"abstract":"Pt/PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) flexible thin-film neural electrodes represent a promising platform for chronic neural signal acquisition and neuromodulation. However, inherent mechanical and electrochemical instability arises from insufficient interfacial adhesion at the metal-polymer boundary, manifesting as progressive delamination and impedance drift under cyclic mechanical loading. To address these challenges, we present a synergistic engineering strategy integrating three complementary approaches: geometric optimization of electrode array configurations, femtosecond laser-processed micro/nanostructured mechanical interlocks, and polymer matrix toughening through hexane-induced PDMS crosslinking modification. Finite element analysis and cyclic bending tests indicate that the optimized circular electrode array effectively distributes stress and alleviates stress concentration. Parametric Geometry Optimization enables active control of serpentine unit geometry, suppressing local stress and outperforming conventional designs under multi-axis loads.Furthermore, femtosecond laser processing creates periodic micro-nanostructures that form mechanical interlocks, significantly enhancing interfacial adhesion. Micro-Nano Interfacial Interlocking combines surface patterning with substrate modification to achieve robust adhesion, overcoming modulus mismatch. Additionally, hexane-modified PDMS improves polymer toughness, reinforcing the reliability of the interlocking structure. These innovations are integrated into a multi-scale design that synergizes geometric and material engineering, providing a comprehensive solution for long-term reliability of flexible implantable electrodes. This integrated approach increases Pt/PDMS interface bonding strength to 4.412 MPa, 9.74 times higher than that of the untreated samples, while reducing impedance fluctuations after cyclic bending (500 cycles, 80%) to 18.3%. These advancements collectively enable a new paradigm in durable flexible bioelectronics, where multiscale structural engineering synergistically enhances both mechanical robustness and functional reliability in chronic implantation scenarios.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145947516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Electrocatalytic co-reduction of carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO) to urea has tremendous potential as an alternative to traditional urea synthesis methods, simultaneously mitigating waste gas pollution. Herein, we report the synthesis of urea using single-atom catalysts (SACs) anchored on an α-borophene support. Density functional theory (DFT) computations reveal that anchoring SACs induces electron transfer to α-borophene, rendering the SACs and the adjacent B atoms to synergistically enhance the adsorption of NO reactants. Remarkably, the activated *NO couples with CO via a one-step N–C–N mechanism, with the anchored Ag atom exhibiting a low kinetic barrier of 0.58 eV. Furthermore, by computing the free energy changes of subsequent hydrogenation steps, Ag/α-borophene was identified as the most promising catalyst for urea production, demonstrating a record-low limiting potential (–0.20 V) attributable to its optimal interactions with NO reactants, as determined by its distinctive p- and d-band centers and charge distribution at active sites. Moreover, owing to its excellent suppression of competing side reactions, the Ag catalyst achieves high selectivity toward urea formation. In addition, a descriptor φ(η), incorporating the d-band center and charge transfer characteristics of the active metal for UL, was developed by employing the Sure Independence Screening and Sparsifying Operator (SISSO) method. Our findings offer a novel strategy for the rational design of next-generation catalysts by the co-catalysis between SACs and support.
{"title":"Insight into the critical role of synergy between the anchored single‑atoms and α‑borophene support for urea electrosynthesis from co-reduction of nitric oxide and carbon monoxide","authors":"Jiawei Dong , Daifei Ye , Zhenghaoyang Zhu , Xiaoyu Chen , Riguang Zhang , Jing Xu , Jingxiang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrocatalytic co-reduction of carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO) to urea has tremendous potential as an alternative to traditional urea synthesis methods, simultaneously mitigating waste gas pollution. Herein, we report the synthesis of urea using single-atom catalysts (SACs) anchored on an α-borophene support. Density functional theory (DFT) computations reveal that anchoring SACs induces electron transfer to α-borophene, rendering the SACs and the adjacent B atoms to synergistically enhance the adsorption of NO reactants. Remarkably, the activated *NO couples with CO via a one-step N–C–N mechanism, with the anchored Ag atom exhibiting a low kinetic barrier of 0.58 eV. Furthermore, by computing the free energy changes of subsequent hydrogenation steps, Ag/α-borophene was identified as the most promising catalyst for urea production, demonstrating a record-low limiting potential (–0.20 V) attributable to its optimal interactions with NO reactants, as determined by its distinctive p- and d-band centers and charge distribution at active sites. Moreover, owing to its excellent suppression of competing side reactions, the Ag catalyst achieves high selectivity toward urea formation. In addition, a descriptor φ(η), incorporating the d-band center and charge transfer characteristics of the active metal for U<sub>L</sub>, was developed by employing the Sure Independence Screening and Sparsifying Operator (SISSO) method. Our findings offer a novel strategy for the rational design of next-generation catalysts by the co-catalysis between SACs and support.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"726 ","pages":"Article 165840"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, smart cellulosic nonwovens have emerged as a research hotspot due to their multifunctional integration capabilities. In this study, a multifunctional composite material (CNs-CaCO3-MoS2@TA) was fabricated through a stepwise fabrication process. First, tannic acid (TA) was employed to mediate the effective exfoliation of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) into nanosheets (MoS2@TA). Subsequently, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and the functionalized MoS2@TA nanosheets were successively integrated onto a cellulose nonwoven (CNs) substrate. Mechanical characterization revealed a significant enhancement in material strength compared to pure CNs, attributed to the synergistic effects between the interlayer-slip toughening mechanism of MoS2@TA and the rigid reinforcement provided by CaCO3. For photothermal conversion, the composite exhibited rapid heating characteristics under simulated sunlight, maintaining a surface temperature of 90 °C with excellent stability. This result benefits from the efficient combination of MoS2 broadband light absorption and CaCO3 light scattering effects. In addition, the CNs-CaCO3-MoS2@TA demonstrated 99.9% bactericidal efficiency against both E. coli and S. aureus through combined mechanisms including CaCO3-induced alkaline disruption, MoS2@TA-mediated photocatalytic ROS generation, and sharp nanosheet edge-induced physical membrane damages. These findings not only provide novel strategies for developing high-performance cellulose-based composites, but also open new avenues for smart nonwovens applications in medical and energy fields
{"title":"Synergistic effects of mineralized networks and functionalized molybdenum disulfide in a cellulose nonwoven composite for integrated mechanical, photothermal, and antibacterial performance","authors":"JinPu Li, Jiyuan Wen, Kuang Li, Meiling Chen, Shicun Jin, Huining Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165880","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, smart cellulosic nonwovens have emerged as a research hotspot due to their multifunctional integration capabilities. In this study, a multifunctional composite material (CNs-CaCO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>-MoS<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>@TA) was fabricated through a stepwise fabrication process. First, tannic acid (TA) was employed to mediate the effective exfoliation of molybdenum disulfide (MoS<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>) into nanosheets (MoS<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>@TA). Subsequently, calcium carbonate (CaCO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>) and the functionalized MoS<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>@TA nanosheets were successively integrated onto a cellulose nonwoven (CNs) substrate. Mechanical characterization revealed a significant enhancement in material strength compared to pure CNs, attributed to the synergistic effects between the interlayer-slip toughening mechanism of MoS<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>@TA and the rigid reinforcement provided by CaCO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>. For photothermal conversion, the composite exhibited rapid heating characteristics under simulated sunlight, maintaining a surface temperature of 90 °C with excellent stability. This result benefits from the efficient combination of MoS<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> broadband light absorption and CaCO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf> light scattering effects. In addition, the CNs-CaCO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>-MoS<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>@TA demonstrated 99.9% bactericidal efficiency against both <ce:italic>E. coli</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>S. aureus</ce:italic> through combined mechanisms including CaCO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>-induced alkaline disruption, MoS<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>@TA-mediated photocatalytic ROS generation, and sharp nanosheet edge-induced physical membrane damages. These findings not only provide novel strategies for developing high-performance cellulose-based composites, but also open new avenues for smart nonwovens applications in medical and energy fields","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-10DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165892
Yidong Li , Li Li , Mengnan Zhai , Yongjie Wang , Xianju Zhou , Zhiyu Yang , Zhongmin Cao , Sha Jiang , Guotao Xiang , Yongbin Hua
Overcoming the persistent limitations of self-trapped exciton quenching and suppressed Ln3+ emission in lanthanide-doped lead-free double perovskites (DPs), we report the pioneering research of Sb3+/Er3+ co-doped Cs2NaScCl6. Through a strategic dual-ion doping approach designed to tailor the local coordination environment, we simultaneously activate highly efficient full-spectral (375–700 nm) and near-infrared-Ⅱ(1450–1650 nm) emission. Crucially, the visible photoluminescence quantum yield achieves an unprecedented 80% for lead-free DPs, enabled by high energy transfer efficiency from Sb3+ to Er3+. This material exhibits exceptional thermal and chemical stability alongside its unique dual-band visible-near-infrared output. These combined attributes establish CNSC:Sb3+/Er3+ as a novel design paradigm for multifunctional halide perovskites. Its superior performance directly facilitates advanced applications in highly sensitive optical thermometry, ultra-secure multi-level anti-counterfeiting, full-spectrum LED, and efficient night-vision imaging.
{"title":"Lead-free double perovskite achieving high-efficiency full-spectral and near-infrared-Ⅱ emission enables integrated multifunctional applications","authors":"Yidong Li , Li Li , Mengnan Zhai , Yongjie Wang , Xianju Zhou , Zhiyu Yang , Zhongmin Cao , Sha Jiang , Guotao Xiang , Yongbin Hua","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Overcoming the persistent limitations of self-trapped exciton quenching and suppressed Ln<sup>3+</sup> emission in lanthanide-doped lead-free double perovskites (DPs), we report the pioneering research of Sb<sup>3+</sup>/Er<sup>3+</sup> co-doped Cs<sub>2</sub>NaScCl<sub>6</sub>. Through a strategic dual-ion doping approach designed to tailor the local coordination environment, we simultaneously activate highly efficient full-spectral (375–700 nm) and near-infrared-Ⅱ(1450–1650 nm) emission. Crucially, the visible photoluminescence quantum yield achieves an unprecedented 80% for lead-free DPs, enabled by high energy transfer efficiency from Sb<sup>3+</sup> to Er<sup>3+</sup>. This material exhibits exceptional thermal and chemical stability alongside its unique dual-band visible-near-infrared output. These combined attributes establish CNSC:Sb<sup>3+</sup>/Er<sup>3+</sup> as a novel design paradigm for multifunctional halide perovskites. Its superior performance directly facilitates advanced applications in highly sensitive optical thermometry, ultra-secure multi-level anti-counterfeiting, full-spectrum LED, and efficient night-vision imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"725 ","pages":"Article 165892"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A nitrogen-doped carbon-based adsorbent (NDC) was prepared by a one-pot synthesis route, and its surface was modified through a green hydrothermal process with a citric acid (CA) solution (NDC/CA) to enhance its adsorption capacity towards Cd2+. The CA solution concentration was 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 M, and the NDC/CAs were designated as NDC/CA-0.25 M, NDC/CA-0.5 M, NDC/CA-1 M and NDC/CA-2 M. At pH 7 and 25 °C, NDC/CA-0.5 M presented the highest capacity to adsorb Cd2+, at 143.5 mg/g and was 36 times greater than that of NDC. Several analytical techniques were employed to characterize the NDC and NDC/CAs, and the results showed that the materials had layered and spherical morphology with different amorphous structures. The capacity of NDC/CA-0.5 M was considerably improved by raising the pH from 4 to 7, whereas it diminished significantly, increasing the ionic strength from 0.01 to 0.1 N. It can be noted that the electrostatic attraction is augmented by raising the pH and decreased at higher ionic strength. The adsorption capacity increased with a temperature increment from 15 to 25 °C, but was lowered with a further increase from 25 to 35 °C. This unusual trend was ascribed to deactivating acidic sites as the temperature rose from 25 to 35 °C.
{"title":"Synthesis and green surface functionalization of nitrogen-doped carbon-based adsorbent to remove cadmium (II)","authors":"Genesis Derith Valdez-García , Roberto Leyva-Ramos , Esmeralda Mendoza-Mendoza , Damarys Haidee Carrales-Alvarado , Uziel Ortiz-Ramos , Carolina Vazquez-Mendoza , Uriel Caudillo-Flores","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165865","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A nitrogen-doped carbon-based adsorbent (NDC) was prepared by a one-pot synthesis route, and its surface was modified through a green hydrothermal process with a citric acid (CA) solution (NDC/CA) to enhance its adsorption capacity towards Cd<sup>2+</sup>. The CA solution concentration was 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 M, and the NDC/CAs were designated as NDC/CA-0.25 M, NDC/CA-0.5 M, NDC/CA-1 M and NDC/CA-2 M. At pH 7 and 25 °C, NDC/CA-0.5 M presented the highest capacity to adsorb Cd<sup>2+</sup>, at 143.5 mg/g and was 36 times greater than that of NDC. Several analytical techniques were employed to characterize the NDC and NDC/CAs, and the results showed that the materials had layered and spherical morphology with different amorphous structures. The capacity of NDC/CA-0.5 M was considerably improved by raising the pH from 4 to 7, whereas it diminished significantly, increasing the ionic strength from 0.01 to 0.1 N. It can be noted that the electrostatic attraction is augmented by raising the pH and decreased at higher ionic strength. The adsorption capacity increased with a temperature increment from 15 to 25 °C, but was lowered with a further increase from 25 to 35 °C. This unusual trend was ascribed to deactivating acidic sites as the temperature rose from 25 to 35 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"726 ","pages":"Article 165865"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165872
Nina Dai, Fei Jing, Xuyuan Kou, Yao Su, Siyao Song, Shiyu Cheng, Peimei Yuan, Wen An, Yonghui Shang, Dengwei Hu
In this study, we designed and engineered a novel 3D network BT/MF/PVDF (barium titanate/melamine foam/polyvinylidene fluoride) composite film using hydrothermal process and casting technology. During the engineering process, titanium oxide (HTO) nanosheets were wound onto the surface of MF to form an HTO/MF nanocomposite material. Through hydrothermal treatment of HTO/MF, petal-like BT grew on the MF network, forming a 3D BT/MF composite material. Finally, PVDF was infiltrated into the 3D BT/MF network to fabricate the BT/MF/PVDF composite film. The engineered 3D BT/MF/PVDF composite films exhibit excellent dielectric properties with dielectric constant of 46.8 at 1 kHz, very low dielectric loss (tanδ = 0.0080), and breakdown strength increased to 196.6 MV·m−1. In addition, the energy storage density and the charging and discharging efficiency of the composite films reach 3.685 J⋅cm−3 and 94.89%, respectively. The 3D network BT structure provides a continuous polarization path for the composite films, significantly increasing the dielectric constant and breakdown strength. The engineered composite films have a wide application prospect in the field of high-power energy storage and flexible electronic devices.
{"title":"3D-engineered BT/MF/PVDF composites: unveiling ultra-high energy storage density and superior charge discharge efficiency","authors":"Nina Dai, Fei Jing, Xuyuan Kou, Yao Su, Siyao Song, Shiyu Cheng, Peimei Yuan, Wen An, Yonghui Shang, Dengwei Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165872","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we designed and engineered a novel 3D network BT/MF/PVDF (barium titanate/melamine foam/polyvinylidene fluoride) composite film using hydrothermal process and casting technology. During the engineering process, titanium oxide (HTO) nanosheets were wound onto the surface of MF to form an HTO/MF nanocomposite material. Through hydrothermal treatment of HTO/MF, petal-like BT grew on the MF network, forming a 3D BT/MF composite material. Finally, PVDF was infiltrated into the 3D BT/MF network to fabricate the BT/MF/PVDF composite film. The engineered 3D BT/MF/PVDF composite films exhibit excellent dielectric properties with dielectric constant of 46.8 at 1 kHz, very low dielectric loss (tan<ce:italic>δ</ce:italic> = 0.0080), and breakdown strength increased to 196.6 MV·m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup>. In addition, the energy storage density and the charging and discharging efficiency of the composite films reach 3.685 J⋅cm<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−3</ce:sup> and 94.89%, respectively. The 3D network BT structure provides a continuous polarization path for the composite films, significantly increasing the dielectric constant and breakdown strength. The engineered composite films have a wide application prospect in the field of high-power energy storage and flexible electronic devices.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165862
Cong Liu , Tong Lu , Bo Cheng , Rong Chen , Yong Huang , Hao Yang
This study presents the development of a durable, superhydrophobic composite cotton fabric with enhanced photothermal antibacterial properties. Graphene oxide (GO) was first deposited onto cotton fabric to create an anchoring layer, followed by the in-situ growth of ZIF-67 nanoparticles. The fabric was further modified with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to impart a low-surface-energy coating, enhancing both hydrophobicity and stability. GO not only significantly enhanced photothermal conversion efficiency, but also improved the dispersivity and adhesion of the nanoparticles. The resultant GO/ZIF-67/PDMS composite fabric exhibited excellent photothermal performance, reaching 103.2°C within one minute under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation (0.6 W/cm2). The antibacterial activity of the composite was evaluated against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli. Under NIR irradiation for 5 min, the survival rates of E. coli and S. aureus were reduced to 0.01% and 9.35%, respectively. Moreover, the fabric maintained both photothermal and hydrophobic properties even after 10 washing cycles in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution or 100 abrasion cycles, demonstrating outstanding durability. These results highlight the potential of GO/ZIF-67/PDMS composite fabric in antibacterial textile with self-cleaning property, particularly in the photothermal antibacterial application.
{"title":"Preparation of a superhydrophobic GO/ZIF-67/PDMS composite fabric with high photothermal antibacterial performance and durability","authors":"Cong Liu , Tong Lu , Bo Cheng , Rong Chen , Yong Huang , Hao Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the development of a durable, superhydrophobic composite cotton fabric with enhanced photothermal antibacterial properties. Graphene oxide (GO) was first deposited onto cotton fabric to create an anchoring layer, followed by the in-situ growth of ZIF-67 nanoparticles. The fabric was further modified with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to impart a low-surface-energy coating, enhancing both hydrophobicity and stability. GO not only significantly enhanced photothermal conversion efficiency, but also improved the dispersivity and adhesion of the nanoparticles. The resultant GO/ZIF-67/PDMS composite fabric exhibited excellent photothermal performance, reaching 103.2°C within one minute under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation (0.6 W/cm<sup>2</sup>). The antibacterial activity of the composite was evaluated against Gram-positive <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and Gram-negative <em>Escherichia coli</em>. Under NIR irradiation for 5 min, the survival rates of <em>E. coli</em> and <em>S. aureus</em> were reduced to 0.01% and 9.35%, respectively. Moreover, the fabric maintained both photothermal and hydrophobic properties even after 10 washing cycles in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution or 100 abrasion cycles, demonstrating outstanding durability. These results highlight the potential of GO/ZIF-67/PDMS composite fabric in antibacterial textile with self-cleaning property, particularly in the photothermal antibacterial application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"725 ","pages":"Article 165862"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165873
Longhui Li , Haoqing Jiang , Guang Xiao , Wei Zhang , Wei Zou , Zhenhua Zhang , Shunxi Wen , Fanzhan Zeng , Hao Li , Jianfeng Wang
Vermiculite nanosheets show significant promise for advanced composite materials due to their exceptional thermal insulation, flame retardancy, thermal stability, and mechanical properties. However, existing exfoliation methods face challenges in achieving large-scale, efficient production of vermiculite nanosheets. Herein, we propose a paste-based sand milling method that utilizes a dumbbell-shaped impeller, high-speed stirring, small zirconia sands, and a high-concentration vermiculite paste. This approach achieves high efficiency (5.6 g h−1) and yield (100%). The resulting high-quality vermiculite nanosheets were assembled with poly-m-phenyleneisophthalamide through a continuous sol–gel-film phase transition process to form composites. The vermiculite nanosheets/poly-m-phenyleneisophthalamide composite film exhibits a multi-hierarchical structure, strong interfacial interactions, and optimal comprehensive performance. It demonstrates superior tensile strength (49.5 MPa) and work-of-fracture (3.8 MJ m−3) compared to most reported poly-m-phenyleneisophthalamide composite films. Additionally, the film possesses enhanced thermal stability (maximum decomposition temperature: 460 ℃), outstanding thermal insulation properties (thermal conductivity: 65 mW m−1 K−1), and excellent flame retardancy. The paste-based sand milling method facilitates the scalable application of vermiculite nanosheets and the advanced development of vermiculite-based composite materials. The vermiculite nanosheets/poly-m-phenyleneisophthalamide composite film demonstrates strong potential for thermal insulation and infrared stealth applications.
{"title":"Scalable fabrication of vermiculite nanosheets for high-performance thermal insulation film via multi-hierarchical assembly with poly-m-phenyleneisophthalamide","authors":"Longhui Li , Haoqing Jiang , Guang Xiao , Wei Zhang , Wei Zou , Zhenhua Zhang , Shunxi Wen , Fanzhan Zeng , Hao Li , Jianfeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vermiculite nanosheets show significant promise for advanced composite materials due to their exceptional thermal insulation, flame retardancy, thermal stability, and mechanical properties. However, existing exfoliation methods face challenges in achieving large-scale, efficient production of vermiculite nanosheets. Herein, we propose a paste-based sand milling method that utilizes a dumbbell-shaped impeller, high-speed stirring, small zirconia sands, and a high-concentration vermiculite paste. This approach achieves high efficiency (5.6 g h<sup>−1</sup>) and yield (100%). The resulting high-quality vermiculite nanosheets were assembled with poly-m-phenyleneisophthalamide through a continuous sol–gel-film phase transition process to form composites. The vermiculite nanosheets/poly-m-phenyleneisophthalamide composite film exhibits a multi-hierarchical structure, strong interfacial interactions, and optimal comprehensive performance. It demonstrates superior tensile strength (49.5 MPa) and work-of-fracture (3.8 MJ m<sup>−3</sup>) compared to most reported poly-m-phenyleneisophthalamide composite films. Additionally, the film possesses enhanced thermal stability (maximum decomposition temperature: 460 ℃), outstanding thermal insulation properties (thermal conductivity: 65 mW m<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−1</sup>), and excellent flame retardancy. The paste-based sand milling method facilitates the scalable application of vermiculite nanosheets and the advanced development of vermiculite-based composite materials. The vermiculite nanosheets/poly-m-phenyleneisophthalamide composite film demonstrates strong potential for thermal insulation and infrared stealth applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"725 ","pages":"Article 165873"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this research is to develop advanced electrode materials with enhanced performance for alkaline zinc-based battery (AZB) systems. An easy and scaled-up hydrothermal approach along with a simultaneous phosphorization-carbonization tactic was used to synthesize a three-dimensional porous carbon-modified CoP/Ni2P composite nanorod array (CNP) efficiently. The effect of the mass ratio of the precursor to the phosphorus source (sodium hypophosphite) was also investigated. It was found that a deficiency and excess of phosphorus sources resulted in structural defect and performance loss, whereas a 1:5 mass ratio (CNP-1-5) achieved complete phosphorization and optimal cooperation. Material showed a clear yucca-like nanorod structure that facilitated a high active site density, provided efficient ion conduction channels, and effectively suppressed volume expansion. The derived CNP-1-5 electrode realized a considerable areal capacitance of 526.1 μA h cm−2 at a current density of 1 mA cm−2, along with better rate capability, maintaining 52.9% of its capacity at 30 mA cm−2 within a three-electrode cell. When used as a cathode in an AZB, the cathode realized a discharge capacity of 301.4 μA h cm−2 at 4 mA cm−2 and suppressed its capacity loss to 84.4% of its original capacity even after 3000 cycles under a high current density of 14 mA cm−2. This work outlines a promising strategy to enhancing energy storage device performance through introducing hierarchical structural design along with interface engineering.
本研究的目的是开发具有增强性能的碱性锌基电池（AZB）系统的先进电极材料。采用简单、规模化的水热法和同步磷化-碳化技术，高效合成了三维多孔碳修饰的CoP/Ni2P复合纳米棒阵列（CNP）。研究了前驱体与磷源（次亚磷酸钠）质量比的影响。磷源缺乏和过量会导致结构缺陷和性能损失，而1:5的质量比（CNP-1-5）可以实现完全磷酸化和最佳协同。材料呈现出清晰的丝卡样纳米棒结构，促进了高活性位点密度，提供了高效的离子传导通道，并有效抑制了体积膨胀。所得的CNP-1-5电极在电流密度为1 mA cm - 2时的面电容为526.1 μA h cm - 2，并且具有更好的倍率能力，在三电极电池中，当电流密度为30 mA cm - 2时，其容量保持在52.9%。当阴极用作AZB时，在4 mA cm - 2下，阴极的放电容量为301.4 μA h cm - 2，在14 mA cm - 2的高电流密度下，即使经过3000次循环，其容量损失也被抑制在原始容量的84.4%。本文概述了通过引入分层结构设计和界面工程来提高储能装置性能的一种有前途的策略。
{"title":"A Yucca-like-inspired carbon-modified CoP/Ni2P nanorods as a binder-free cathode for advanced alkaline zinc-based batteries","authors":"Mingjun Pang , Zhiyu Wu , Shang Jiang , Wanqi Zhou , Peicheng Guo , Baodian Zhu , Xiaoxin Guo , Yulin Jiao , Jianguo Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165869","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165869","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this research is to develop advanced electrode materials with enhanced performance for alkaline zinc-based battery (AZB) systems. An easy and scaled-up hydrothermal approach along with a simultaneous phosphorization-carbonization tactic was used to synthesize a three-dimensional porous carbon-modified CoP/Ni<sub>2</sub>P composite nanorod array (CNP) efficiently. The effect of the mass ratio of the precursor to the phosphorus source (sodium hypophosphite) was also investigated. It was found that a deficiency and excess of phosphorus sources resulted in structural defect and performance loss, whereas a 1:5 mass ratio (CNP-1-5) achieved complete phosphorization and optimal cooperation. Material showed a clear yucca-like nanorod structure that facilitated a high active site density, provided efficient ion conduction channels, and effectively suppressed volume expansion. The derived CNP-1-5 electrode realized a considerable areal capacitance of 526.1 μA h cm<sup>−2</sup> at a current density of 1 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, along with better rate capability, maintaining 52.9% of its capacity at 30 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> within a three-electrode cell. When used as a cathode in an AZB, the cathode realized a discharge capacity of 301.4 μA h cm<sup>−2</sup> at 4 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> and suppressed its capacity loss to 84.4% of its original capacity even after 3000 cycles under a high current density of 14 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>. This work outlines a promising strategy to enhancing energy storage device performance through introducing hierarchical structural design along with interface engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"725 ","pages":"Article 165869"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165863
Yutong Zhao , Jian Fang , Zhizhi Xu , Tianpeng Song , Jichang Lu , Jia Wang , Xuefeng Wei , Yongming Luo
Understanding the deactivation mechanism is pivotal for designing catalysts with high activity, stability, and sulfur resistance. In this work, a novel active species, MoS2 enriched with sulfur vacancies, was dynamically constructed through a rapid oxygen-sulfur exchange reaction between MoO3 and CH3SH, which accounts for the catalyst’s outstanding low-temperature activity. A notable temperature-dependent deactivation pathway was revealed: at 350 °C, rapid deactivation is caused by competitive inhibition, where strong adsorption of CH3SCH3 onto the sulfur vacancies block active sites. At 400 °C, deactivation proceeds through a deposition pathway, as the decomposition fragments of CH3SCH3 polymerize into carbon and sulfur deposits. In contrast, at a higher temperature (450 °C), the cleavage of the C-S bond in CH3SCH3 proceeds more readily, promoting the formation of gaseous small molecules such as H2S, CH4, and CS2. This process effectively prevents the accumulation of surface deposits, thereby ensuring durable catalytic stability. Thus, CH3SCH3 is identified as a key driver of deactivation, making the suppression of its formation imperative for enhancing catalytic longevity. This study clarifies the dynamic construction mechanism of active sites and their temperature-dependent deactivation behavior, providing crucial insights for developing high-performance catalysts resistant to both sulfur poisoning and carbon deposition.
{"title":"Temperature-dependent of stability over Mo-loaded catalyst for methanethiol elimination: A study on sulfidation behavior and deactivation mechanism","authors":"Yutong Zhao , Jian Fang , Zhizhi Xu , Tianpeng Song , Jichang Lu , Jia Wang , Xuefeng Wei , Yongming Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the deactivation mechanism is pivotal for designing catalysts with high activity, stability, and sulfur resistance. In this work, a novel active species, MoS<sub>2</sub> enriched with sulfur vacancies, was dynamically constructed through a rapid oxygen-sulfur exchange reaction between MoO<sub>3</sub> and CH<sub>3</sub>SH, which accounts for the catalyst’s outstanding low-temperature activity. A notable temperature-dependent deactivation pathway was revealed: at 350 °C, rapid deactivation is caused by competitive inhibition, where strong adsorption of CH<sub>3</sub>SCH<sub>3</sub> onto the sulfur vacancies block active sites. At 400 °C, deactivation proceeds through a deposition pathway, as the decomposition fragments of CH<sub>3</sub>SCH<sub>3</sub> polymerize into carbon and sulfur deposits. In contrast, at a higher temperature (450 °C), the cleavage of the C-S bond in CH<sub>3</sub>SCH<sub>3</sub> proceeds more readily, promoting the formation of gaseous small molecules such as H<sub>2</sub>S, CH<sub>4</sub>, and CS<sub>2</sub>. This process effectively prevents the accumulation of surface deposits, thereby ensuring durable catalytic stability. Thus, CH<sub>3</sub>SCH<sub>3</sub> is identified as a key driver of deactivation, making the suppression of its formation imperative for enhancing catalytic longevity. This study clarifies the dynamic construction mechanism of active sites and their temperature-dependent deactivation behavior, providing crucial insights for developing high-performance catalysts resistant to both sulfur poisoning and carbon deposition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"726 ","pages":"Article 165863"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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