Verbal interaction involves using words and voice to exchange information between two or more people. In a classroom context, the interaction will result in comprehensible input and feedback from teacher to students and vice versa because both of them will exchange of ideas, thoughts, and feel during teaching and learning process. The study was qualitative that focused on the verbal interaction between male and female teachers and their students in the English classes at SMAN in Solok. The data collection method is video recording. The finding of this article shows that the male and the female teachers spent more time on content cross and the percentage showed that the female teachers ask more questions and criticize students than the male teachers. Meanwhile, the male teachers were more likely to give directions and lecture than the female teachers. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between the male and the female teachers in praising students.
{"title":"Verbal Interaction between Male and Female Teachers and Their Students in the English Classes","authors":"Azmi Septiana, H. Hamzah, Zul Amri","doi":"10.2991/icla-18.2019.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/icla-18.2019.83","url":null,"abstract":"Verbal interaction involves using words and voice to exchange information between two or more people. In a classroom context, the interaction will result in comprehensible input and feedback from teacher to students and vice versa because both of them will exchange of ideas, thoughts, and feel during teaching and learning process. The study was qualitative that focused on the verbal interaction between male and female teachers and their students in the English classes at SMAN in Solok. The data collection method is video recording. The finding of this article shows that the male and the female teachers spent more time on content cross and the percentage showed that the female teachers ask more questions and criticize students than the male teachers. Meanwhile, the male teachers were more likely to give directions and lecture than the female teachers. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between the male and the female teachers in praising students.","PeriodicalId":249218,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Languages and Arts (ICLA 2018)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134598635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research aims to: (1) Produce multimedia software that can support musical learning; (2) Know the software’s compatibility as a learning material. This is a Research and Development model of research. It was done in four phases: prelemenary study, planning, design, and development. The sampling method used here is purposive sampling. Data analysis methods include qualitative and quantitative analyses. Qualitative data is comprised of critics, suggestions, and inputs from the subject experts, media experts, and students for improving the final products. Quantitative data is ordinal data analyzed using modus. The results of this research show that: (1) Subject experts put the learning and subject aspects in a very good category; (2) Media experts put the media aspect in a good category; (3) Field test result indicates that the learning aspect is in good category (scale 4; 158 or 47.45%), subject aspect is in good category (scale 4; 113 or 50.90%), and media aspect is in very good category (scale 5; 161 or 48.35%). Results suggest that multimedia softwares which provide interactive musical learning are considered good as a learning material for junior high school students.
{"title":"Development of Learning Model for Appreciation of Music Art Based on Archipelago Art in the Subject of Cultural Art for Improvement of Aesthetic Experience of Grade VIII Students of Junior High School","authors":"I. Idawati, Ramalis Hakim","doi":"10.2991/ICLA-18.2019.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/ICLA-18.2019.25","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to: (1) Produce multimedia software that can support musical learning; (2) Know the software’s compatibility as a learning material. This is a Research and Development model of research. It was done in four phases: prelemenary study, planning, design, and development. The sampling method used here is purposive sampling. Data analysis methods include qualitative and quantitative analyses. Qualitative data is comprised of critics, suggestions, and inputs from the subject experts, media experts, and students for improving the final products. Quantitative data is ordinal data analyzed using modus. The results of this research show that: (1) Subject experts put the learning and subject aspects in a very good category; (2) Media experts put the media aspect in a good category; (3) Field test result indicates that the learning aspect is in good category (scale 4; 158 or 47.45%), subject aspect is in good category (scale 4; 113 or 50.90%), and media aspect is in very good category (scale 5; 161 or 48.35%). Results suggest that multimedia softwares which provide interactive musical learning are considered good as a learning material for junior high school students.","PeriodicalId":249218,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Languages and Arts (ICLA 2018)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115105520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tingkuluak Tanduak Batingkek in Lintau District Tanah Datar Regency (Study of Function and Purpose)","authors":"Hadiastuti Hadiastuti, Nita Sahara, Agusti Efi","doi":"10.2991/ICLA-18.2019.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/ICLA-18.2019.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":249218,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Languages and Arts (ICLA 2018)","volume":"401 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123500172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abang Muhammad Rizkan, Mukhaiyar Mukhaiyar, Refnaldi Refnaldi
The objectives of the research are: (1) to identify whether using youtube are more effective than using audio in teaching listening skill; (2)To identify whether there is an interaction between Youtube and Audio on listening skill. The research was conducted at IKIP-PGRI Pontianak. The population of the research was the second semester students in English Study Program. The sample of the research was A Morning class who were taught by using Youtube and the B Morning class who were taught by using audio. The data were in the form of quantitative data taken from the listening comprehension test to know the students‟ listening skill. The researcher analyzed the data by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results show that: (1) Youtube are more effective than audio toward students‟ listening skill at the second semester students of IKIP PGRI-Pontianak in the academic year of 2017/2018; (2) There is no interaction between the Youtube and Audio toward listening skill at IKIP PGRIPontianak in the academic year of 2017/2018. The result imply that: (1) The lecturer is suggested to use youtube as a media or supporting media to their students in teaching listening; (3) The implementation of two different media in teaching listening comprehension gives the different learning result.
{"title":"The Effect of Using Youtube as A Teaching Media on the Students’ Listening Skill (The Case of 2nd Semester Students of English Education Study Program of IKIP-PGRI Pontianak)","authors":"Abang Muhammad Rizkan, Mukhaiyar Mukhaiyar, Refnaldi Refnaldi","doi":"10.2991/icla-18.2019.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/icla-18.2019.48","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of the research are: (1) to identify whether using youtube are more effective than using audio in teaching listening skill; (2)To identify whether there is an interaction between Youtube and Audio on listening skill. The research was conducted at IKIP-PGRI Pontianak. The population of the research was the second semester students in English Study Program. The sample of the research was A Morning class who were taught by using Youtube and the B Morning class who were taught by using audio. The data were in the form of quantitative data taken from the listening comprehension test to know the students‟ listening skill. The researcher analyzed the data by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results show that: (1) Youtube are more effective than audio toward students‟ listening skill at the second semester students of IKIP PGRI-Pontianak in the academic year of 2017/2018; (2) There is no interaction between the Youtube and Audio toward listening skill at IKIP PGRIPontianak in the academic year of 2017/2018. The result imply that: (1) The lecturer is suggested to use youtube as a media or supporting media to their students in teaching listening; (3) The implementation of two different media in teaching listening comprehension gives the different learning result.","PeriodicalId":249218,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Languages and Arts (ICLA 2018)","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123258712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to describe the use of politeness strategy in directive speech act used in the communication act bystudents-lecturers of French Language Education Department. Data collection was conducted using participatory observation technique and non-participatory observation that is data collection in the classroom and outside the classroom. The results showed (1) most directive speeches expressed by students were requestive speech acts; (2) three types of politeness strategies were used in doing the speech acts;baldly politeness strategy, positive politeness strategy and negative politeness strategy. Key word: strategy, politeness, speech act, directive, sociopragmatic
{"title":"Politeness Strategy of Directive Speech Act by Students-Lecturers of French Department FBS UNY","authors":"Rohali Rohali","doi":"10.2991/ICLA-18.2019.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/ICLA-18.2019.89","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to describe the use of politeness strategy in directive speech act used in the communication act bystudents-lecturers of French Language Education Department. Data collection was conducted using participatory observation technique and non-participatory observation that is data collection in the classroom and outside the classroom. The results showed (1) most directive speeches expressed by students were requestive speech acts; (2) three types of politeness strategies were used in doing the speech acts;baldly politeness strategy, positive politeness strategy and negative politeness strategy. Key word: strategy, politeness, speech act, directive, sociopragmatic","PeriodicalId":249218,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Languages and Arts (ICLA 2018)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123883163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research was aimed to see the effectiveness of semantic mapping technique in improving students` writing skill. The research design of this research was a quasi experimental design. The population was the seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 3 Batusangkar in the academic year of 2017/2018. The samples consisted of 51 students, which divided into two groups; they were experimental group and control group. In order to collect data about students‟ writing skill improvement and responses toward the implementation of semantic mapping technique, the writer used writing test. During the treatment, students in experimental group used semantic mapping technique, while students in control group used free writing technique. The analysis of the test result showed that the student of experimental group was higher than control group. In the post test, the mean score of the experimental group was 72,89 while the control group got 67,21. Based on statistical analysis by using t-test formula, indicated that the t-test was 1,94 and t-table was 1,67. It means that t-value was higher than t-table (1,94 >1,67). As a result, there is a significant difference in writing achievement between the students who are taught by using semantic mapping technique and those who are taught by using free writing technique. Based on the result of this study, the writer concluded that semantic mapping technique is effective to be implemented in teaching writing.
本研究旨在了解语义映射技术在提高学生写作技能方面的有效性。本研究的研究设计为准实验设计。人口是2017/2018学年的SMP Negeri 3 Batusangkar的七年级学生。样本由51名学生组成，分为两组;分为实验组和对照组。为了收集学生的写作技巧的提高和对语义映射技术的实施反应的数据，笔者采用了写作测试。在治疗过程中，实验组学生使用语义映射技术，对照组学生使用自由书写技术。对测试结果的分析表明，实验组学生的智力水平高于对照组。后测中，实验组平均得分为72,89分，对照组平均得分为67,21分。采用t检验公式进行统计分析，表明t检验为1.94,t表为1.67。这意味着t值高于t表(1,94 >1,67)。结果表明，使用语义映射法教学的学生与使用自由写作法教学的学生在写作成绩上存在显著差异。基于本文的研究结果，作者认为语义映射技术在写作教学中是有效的。
{"title":"The Effect of Semantic Mapping in Teaching Writing Skill on Seventh Grade Students of SMPN 3 Batusangkar","authors":"Adhmi Fauzan, Jufrizal Jufrizal, Zul Amri","doi":"10.2991/icla-18.2019.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/icla-18.2019.58","url":null,"abstract":"This research was aimed to see the effectiveness of semantic mapping technique in improving students` writing skill. The research design of this research was a quasi experimental design. The population was the seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 3 Batusangkar in the academic year of 2017/2018. The samples consisted of 51 students, which divided into two groups; they were experimental group and control group. In order to collect data about students‟ writing skill improvement and responses toward the implementation of semantic mapping technique, the writer used writing test. During the treatment, students in experimental group used semantic mapping technique, while students in control group used free writing technique. The analysis of the test result showed that the student of experimental group was higher than control group. In the post test, the mean score of the experimental group was 72,89 while the control group got 67,21. Based on statistical analysis by using t-test formula, indicated that the t-test was 1,94 and t-table was 1,67. It means that t-value was higher than t-table (1,94 >1,67). As a result, there is a significant difference in writing achievement between the students who are taught by using semantic mapping technique and those who are taught by using free writing technique. Based on the result of this study, the writer concluded that semantic mapping technique is effective to be implemented in teaching writing.","PeriodicalId":249218,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Languages and Arts (ICLA 2018)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129491212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this article is to reveal the aesthetic values contained in the structure of the traditional Indang Tagak dance performance in North NagariLubukGadang, South Solok Regency. This dance has a characteristic which is the dancers are males and aged between 39 to 50 years. This research is qualitative research using descriptive methods. The object of this research is the structure of the traditional IndangTagak dance performance in North LubukGadang, South Solok Regency. The researcher is a key instrument in this study. The data was collected through observation, interviews, literature studies, and documentation of the socio-cultural symptomsand the existence of IndangTagak. Based on the results of the study, the IndangTagak dance has traditional aesthetics that are rooted in the local cultural values of the people of North NagariLubukGadang. The aesthetic values of the IndangTagakNagariLubukGadang Utara dance are found in the structure of motion, costume, floor design, music design, and property. The aesthetic value of the IndangTagak dance in NagariLubukGadang Utara is inseparable from the cultural values that form the basis for the LubukGadang Utara community. Key Word: Traditional Indang Tagak Dance, aesthetic values and performance.
{"title":"The Tradition of Indang Tagak Dance in Nagari Lubuk Gadang Utara Solok Selatan: An Aesthetic Study","authors":"Desfiarni Desfiarni","doi":"10.2991/ICLA-18.2019.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/ICLA-18.2019.17","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article is to reveal the aesthetic values contained in the structure of the traditional Indang Tagak dance performance in North NagariLubukGadang, South Solok Regency. This dance has a characteristic which is the dancers are males and aged between 39 to 50 years. This research is qualitative research using descriptive methods. The object of this research is the structure of the traditional IndangTagak dance performance in North LubukGadang, South Solok Regency. The researcher is a key instrument in this study. The data was collected through observation, interviews, literature studies, and documentation of the socio-cultural symptomsand the existence of IndangTagak. Based on the results of the study, the IndangTagak dance has traditional aesthetics that are rooted in the local cultural values of the people of North NagariLubukGadang. The aesthetic values of the IndangTagakNagariLubukGadang Utara dance are found in the structure of motion, costume, floor design, music design, and property. The aesthetic value of the IndangTagak dance in NagariLubukGadang Utara is inseparable from the cultural values that form the basis for the LubukGadang Utara community. Key Word: Traditional Indang Tagak Dance, aesthetic values and performance.","PeriodicalId":249218,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Languages and Arts (ICLA 2018)","volume":"223 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121039580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to explain the validity and effectiveness of the module in writing the text of the observation report that was developed based on PBL principles for grade VII students of junior high school. This study follows the 4D model starting from define, design, develop, and disseminate. The validation of the learning module was carried out by four experts (material, presentation, language, and graphics) using validation sheets and trials carried out in class VII 22 Kerinci Junior High School (22 students) using the learning outcomes test and questionnaire. The results of this study indicate that the instructional material developed is declared valid in terms of the feasibility of content, presentation, linguistics, and graphics that are very valid and effective as indicated by student learning outcomes. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that the learning module writing the text of the observation report is suitable for use in learning writing skills. It is expected that this writing learning module can overcome the limited sources of learning to write in junior high school.
{"title":"Development of Problem Based Writing Learning Module","authors":"Wiwin Firdaus, A. Atmazaki, I. Basri","doi":"10.2991/ICLA-18.2019.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/ICLA-18.2019.51","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to explain the validity and effectiveness of the module in writing the text of the observation report that was developed based on PBL principles for grade VII students of junior high school. This study follows the 4D model starting from define, design, develop, and disseminate. The validation of the learning module was carried out by four experts (material, presentation, language, and graphics) using validation sheets and trials carried out in class VII 22 Kerinci Junior High School (22 students) using the learning outcomes test and questionnaire. The results of this study indicate that the instructional material developed is declared valid in terms of the feasibility of content, presentation, linguistics, and graphics that are very valid and effective as indicated by student learning outcomes. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that the learning module writing the text of the observation report is suitable for use in learning writing skills. It is expected that this writing learning module can overcome the limited sources of learning to write in junior high school.","PeriodicalId":249218,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Languages and Arts (ICLA 2018)","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116352275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tourist Art Packaging Randai Performance in Seribu Rumah Gadang Area Jorong Lubuk Jayanagari Koto Baru, Solok Selatan Regency,West Sumatra","authors":"Marzam Marzam, Darmawati Darmawati, Herlinda Mansyur","doi":"10.2991/ICLA-18.2019.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/ICLA-18.2019.16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":249218,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Languages and Arts (ICLA 2018)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129137470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-01DOI: 10.2991/ICLA-18.2019.112
F. Fatimah, Yenni Rozimela, Hermawati Syarif
The utilization of gadgets can influence student’s participation on teaching and learning process. To that aim, online discussion forum is often used allowing students to engage in critical contestation of ideas. Theoritically, criticism is the process of responding to and evaluating ideas, argument, and style of others. In light of learning process especially in the tertiary level, Dasbender (2011:38) asserts that students often come across critical thinking and analysis as requirements for assignments in writing and upper-level courses. In this study, graduate students’ comments on their discussion are analyzed. The analysis stems from the fact that such comments imply students’ ability to think critically on the aspects of inference, deduction, recognition of assumption, interpretation, and evaluation of arguments. The comments show how well students can argumentatively write their ideas based on the aspects of clarity, logicality, flexibility and relevancy. The data are collected from online discussion forum of Advanced Sociolinguistics subject in UNP. From the analysis, it is known that students have been able to give their interpretation related to the topic being discussed. The students still need to enhance their reading in order to be able to share ideas in case of deduction and inference because these two terms require students deep understanding on certain topic based on credible theories. Besides, student’s comments have reflected four indicators of argumentative writing overal.
{"title":"Students’ Critical Thinking And Writing Ability Reflected On Online Discussion Forum","authors":"F. Fatimah, Yenni Rozimela, Hermawati Syarif","doi":"10.2991/ICLA-18.2019.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/ICLA-18.2019.112","url":null,"abstract":"The utilization of gadgets can influence student’s participation on teaching and learning process. To that aim, online discussion forum is often used allowing students to engage in critical contestation of ideas. Theoritically, criticism is the process of responding to and evaluating ideas, argument, and style of others. In light of learning process especially in the tertiary level, Dasbender (2011:38) asserts that students often come across critical thinking and analysis as requirements for assignments in writing and upper-level courses. In this study, graduate students’ comments on their discussion are analyzed. The analysis stems from the fact that such comments imply students’ ability to think critically on the aspects of inference, deduction, recognition of assumption, interpretation, and evaluation of arguments. The comments show how well students can argumentatively write their ideas based on the aspects of clarity, logicality, flexibility and relevancy. The data are collected from online discussion forum of Advanced Sociolinguistics subject in UNP. From the analysis, it is known that students have been able to give their interpretation related to the topic being discussed. The students still need to enhance their reading in order to be able to share ideas in case of deduction and inference because these two terms require students deep understanding on certain topic based on credible theories. Besides, student’s comments have reflected four indicators of argumentative writing overal.","PeriodicalId":249218,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Languages and Arts (ICLA 2018)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130693144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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