{"title":"The Oriental Institute Archeological Report on the Near East: First Quarter, 1939","authors":"G. Hughes, A. D. Tushingham, N. C. Debevoise","doi":"10.1086/370551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/370551","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":252942,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1939-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128612861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1939-07-01DOI: 10.1086/amerjsemilanglit.56.3.529182
{"title":"Back Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1086/amerjsemilanglit.56.3.529182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/amerjsemilanglit.56.3.529182","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":252942,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures","volume":"358 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1939-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124263570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
only mention in Josephus of any Persian king between Artaxerxes I Longimanus and Darius III Codomannus, it is altogether probable that his "general" was the celebrated officer of Artaxerxes III and that he confused him with the one who opposed Johanan, entered the temple, and imposed the severe fine on the Jews. In the time previous to the find of the letters from Yeb it had naturally been customary to identify the Bagoas of Antt. xi. 7. 1 with the arpaTr'ybs of Ochus, but the new evidence has changed the situation. I can see no reason for believing that the Bagahi of the Elephantine correspondence and of the Johanan-Jeshua tragedy was in Judea at all in the time of Artaxerxes II.
{"title":"The King of the Persepolis Tablets the Nineteenth Year of Artaxerxes I","authors":"A. Poebel","doi":"10.1086/370548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/370548","url":null,"abstract":"only mention in Josephus of any Persian king between Artaxerxes I Longimanus and Darius III Codomannus, it is altogether probable that his \"general\" was the celebrated officer of Artaxerxes III and that he confused him with the one who opposed Johanan, entered the temple, and imposed the severe fine on the Jews. In the time previous to the find of the letters from Yeb it had naturally been customary to identify the Bagoas of Antt. xi. 7. 1 with the arpaTr'ybs of Ochus, but the new evidence has changed the situation. I can see no reason for believing that the Bagahi of the Elephantine correspondence and of the Johanan-Jeshua tragedy was in Judea at all in the time of Artaxerxes II.","PeriodicalId":252942,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1939-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127201967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dr. Henry Field has been kind enough to intrust to me the identification of seventy-three coins collected by him by purchase in Beled Sinjdr in June, 1934, and presented by him to the Museum of the American Numismatic Society in New York. Four of the coins are silver, the rest copper and bronze, generally in a rather poor state of preservation. With the exception of two or three of the Ilkhdnid coins, the collection contains nothing very uncommon. The mint Birimmah (No. 43) is the most interesting discovery. The time range of the collection is extended (from Trajan to the Ottoman cAbd iil-cAziz), but geographically the lot is homogeneous, the mints all being in the Sinjar (northern Jezirah) region, with the exception of Antioch (Roman) and Constantinople (Byzantine and Ottoman). In the following summary list I have limited myself to brief descriptions and catalogue references except where the coin seems to be inedited. The weights are of no importance. Diameters are given in millimeters.
亨利·菲尔德博士好心委托我鉴定他于1934年6月在贝勒德·辛德尔购买的73枚硬币，并将这些硬币赠送给纽约的美国钱币学会博物馆。其中四枚为银质，其余为铜和青铜，一般保存状况较差。除了两三个Ilkhdnid硬币外，收藏品中没有什么非常罕见的。薄荷Birimmah(第43位)是最有趣的发现。收藏的时间范围扩大了(从图拉真到奥斯曼帝国的cAbd ii - caziz)，但从地理上来说，这些造币厂都是相同的，除了安提阿(罗马)和君士坦丁堡(拜占庭和奥斯曼)之外，所有的造币厂都在辛贾尔(北耶齐拉)地区。在下面的总结列表中，除了硬币似乎被编辑过的地方，我将自己限制在简短的描述和目录参考。重量不重要。直径以毫米为单位。
{"title":"Some Coins from Sinjār","authors":"G. C. Miles","doi":"10.1086/370541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/370541","url":null,"abstract":"Dr. Henry Field has been kind enough to intrust to me the identification of seventy-three coins collected by him by purchase in Beled Sinjdr in June, 1934, and presented by him to the Museum of the American Numismatic Society in New York. Four of the coins are silver, the rest copper and bronze, generally in a rather poor state of preservation. With the exception of two or three of the Ilkhdnid coins, the collection contains nothing very uncommon. The mint Birimmah (No. 43) is the most interesting discovery. The time range of the collection is extended (from Trajan to the Ottoman cAbd iil-cAziz), but geographically the lot is homogeneous, the mints all being in the Sinjar (northern Jezirah) region, with the exception of Antioch (Roman) and Constantinople (Byzantine and Ottoman). In the following summary list I have limited myself to brief descriptions and catalogue references except where the coin seems to be inedited. The weights are of no importance. Diameters are given in millimeters.","PeriodicalId":252942,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1939-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129955082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
[Though it was promised otherwise and the Journal is manifestly gaining subscribers, it seems that its finances, with no endowment, are once more squeezed. In our press the setting of non-English type, particularly such as reverses direction, seems to be so expensive that it must be avoided wherever possible. In his own articles, though a number of languages are quoted as needed, the editor has eschewed such type almost entirely. In this article, where most of the Hebrew is wholly unpointed, a transliteration serves the same purpose as does use of the square Aramaic character. Those who are sufficiently interested and learned can easily read back, if they wish, twentytwo characters (sin and shin being in fact the same in writing and only occasionally distinguished). The editor did not wish to let this little difficulty stand in the way of using Dr. Speier's article, sent from far-off Strasbourg. By eliminating unnecessary expense, we can use what is really necessary, when occasion arises. In this way the size of the Journal can be kept up for our subscribers. More subscribers make possible more elaborate publication. A decent endowment for this Journal, which has proved its worth for over fifty years and increased it considerably in the last ten, would not have to be fabulously large to allow us much greater freedom.-EDIToR.]
{"title":"Das Targum Jonathan zu Gen. 45:24 and 14:24","authors":"Salomon Speier","doi":"10.1086/370542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/370542","url":null,"abstract":"[Though it was promised otherwise and the Journal is manifestly gaining subscribers, it seems that its finances, with no endowment, are once more squeezed. In our press the setting of non-English type, particularly such as reverses direction, seems to be so expensive that it must be avoided wherever possible. In his own articles, though a number of languages are quoted as needed, the editor has eschewed such type almost entirely. In this article, where most of the Hebrew is wholly unpointed, a transliteration serves the same purpose as does use of the square Aramaic character. Those who are sufficiently interested and learned can easily read back, if they wish, twentytwo characters (sin and shin being in fact the same in writing and only occasionally distinguished). The editor did not wish to let this little difficulty stand in the way of using Dr. Speier's article, sent from far-off Strasbourg. By eliminating unnecessary expense, we can use what is really necessary, when occasion arises. In this way the size of the Journal can be kept up for our subscribers. More subscribers make possible more elaborate publication. A decent endowment for this Journal, which has proved its worth for over fifty years and increased it considerably in the last ten, would not have to be fabulously large to allow us much greater freedom.-EDIToR.]","PeriodicalId":252942,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1939-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116605805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shdhpuhr in his brief but vicious thrust westward gained surprising but fleeting victories in Roman territory in Asia. Persian influence in those territories, aside from the introduction of Manicheism, was perhaps not greatly enhanced thereby. Shahpuhr took Greco-Roman treasures, including arts and crafts to Persia with him. He did not have to go to Antioch to secure those Western elements of wisdom which, with other things, he is said to have incorporated in his Avesta. Much wisdom of this sort he might have obtained from Mdni, who to all appearances was in high favor at his court and frequently in close contact with his person, even on these Western campaigns. No one to the writer's knowledge has yet looked for any sign of Manichaean influence in anything that might be identifiable as Shahpuhrian Avesta.5 One thing is universally identified-the writing of Persian in a Western alphabet, which Mani taught his people. This had little permanent success, except perhaps in whatever impetus it gave to the development of the Avestan alphabet, in Persia proper. Khurasqn became its major habitat, and thence it spread eastward, not westward. Western Iranistdn clung for all but its Avesta to "good old-fashioned" Pahlavi. The result was that with the coming of the Arabs and Islam, however much or little else the Arabs may be found to have given the Persians, they presently did introduce to them their alphabetic writing. With the Koran, official correspondence, and the transfer of the tax bureaus from Persian to Arabic, this traveled eastward apace. When with the Saff rids in the latter half of the third Moslem (= the ninth Christian) century and more fully with the Samanids throughout the fourth Moslem (= the tenth Christian) century Persian literature became once more really articulate in Khurasan and adjacent regions, the orthography of the Persian language in Arabic alphabetic writing was soon thoroughly developed. With the rise in Persian letters came the unfolding of a more than semi-independent unfolding of general culture in the Moslem Far East, in many ways comparable to that in Spain, the Moslem Far West. Together with Persian poetic, epistolary, and other literature much of the same nature was written in Arabic, a section of Arabic literature made much of in the fourth volume of al-Thacdlibi's Yatimat al-Dahr, which still continues to receive cavalierly treatment beneath its due merits in the latest revision of Brockelmann's Geschichte der arabischen Literatur. A number of their poets and writers of letters were bilingual.
{"title":"From Persian to Arabic (Concluded)","authors":"M. Sprengli̇ng","doi":"10.1086/370552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/370552","url":null,"abstract":"Shdhpuhr in his brief but vicious thrust westward gained surprising but fleeting victories in Roman territory in Asia. Persian influence in those territories, aside from the introduction of Manicheism, was perhaps not greatly enhanced thereby. Shahpuhr took Greco-Roman treasures, including arts and crafts to Persia with him. He did not have to go to Antioch to secure those Western elements of wisdom which, with other things, he is said to have incorporated in his Avesta. Much wisdom of this sort he might have obtained from Mdni, who to all appearances was in high favor at his court and frequently in close contact with his person, even on these Western campaigns. No one to the writer's knowledge has yet looked for any sign of Manichaean influence in anything that might be identifiable as Shahpuhrian Avesta.5 One thing is universally identified-the writing of Persian in a Western alphabet, which Mani taught his people. This had little permanent success, except perhaps in whatever impetus it gave to the development of the Avestan alphabet, in Persia proper. Khurasqn became its major habitat, and thence it spread eastward, not westward. Western Iranistdn clung for all but its Avesta to \"good old-fashioned\" Pahlavi. The result was that with the coming of the Arabs and Islam, however much or little else the Arabs may be found to have given the Persians, they presently did introduce to them their alphabetic writing. With the Koran, official correspondence, and the transfer of the tax bureaus from Persian to Arabic, this traveled eastward apace. When with the Saff rids in the latter half of the third Moslem (= the ninth Christian) century and more fully with the Samanids throughout the fourth Moslem (= the tenth Christian) century Persian literature became once more really articulate in Khurasan and adjacent regions, the orthography of the Persian language in Arabic alphabetic writing was soon thoroughly developed. With the rise in Persian letters came the unfolding of a more than semi-independent unfolding of general culture in the Moslem Far East, in many ways comparable to that in Spain, the Moslem Far West. Together with Persian poetic, epistolary, and other literature much of the same nature was written in Arabic, a section of Arabic literature made much of in the fourth volume of al-Thacdlibi's Yatimat al-Dahr, which still continues to receive cavalierly treatment beneath its due merits in the latest revision of Brockelmann's Geschichte der arabischen Literatur. A number of their poets and writers of letters were bilingual.","PeriodicalId":252942,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1939-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117220377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
[In horse-and-buggy times newspapers and other journals were wont to stir up summer's torpid calm by sea-serpent tales. In these days of swiftly managed reports Warm Springs and Washington stir sedately academic and just commonly sluggish suprarenal glands into vindictively emotional action by other means. For this disease of modern childhood perhaps the fabled unicorn may justly be used as a counterirritant. Dr. Godbey, who here does the unicorn up brown for us, is one of the old-time Doctors of the University of Chicago. For most of the years of a long life he has been forced by circumstances to live and work with horse-and-buggy means; at times, indeed, he has had to resort to the well-known apostolic trotters. Nevertheless, his foot-
{"title":"The Unicorn in the Old Testament","authors":"A. H. Godbey","doi":"10.1086/370543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/370543","url":null,"abstract":"[In horse-and-buggy times newspapers and other journals were wont to stir up summer's torpid calm by sea-serpent tales. In these days of swiftly managed reports Warm Springs and Washington stir sedately academic and just commonly sluggish suprarenal glands into vindictively emotional action by other means. For this disease of modern childhood perhaps the fabled unicorn may justly be used as a counterirritant. Dr. Godbey, who here does the unicorn up brown for us, is one of the old-time Doctors of the University of Chicago. For most of the years of a long life he has been forced by circumstances to live and work with horse-and-buggy means; at times, indeed, he has had to resort to the well-known apostolic trotters. Nevertheless, his foot-","PeriodicalId":252942,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1939-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127504528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Coptic Magical Text","authors":"Elizabeth Stefanski","doi":"10.1086/370549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/370549","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":252942,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1939-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126899412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Very interesting in connection with Dr. Godbey's essay on the unicorn and detection of poison by means of its horn is what KaBgari reports in his Diwan Lu'dt al-Turk, III, 164, 9-12. K~Sgari knew wares and ideas current among the Turks in the eleventh century A.D. as did few others. Defining the Turkish word Catuq, he says: "The horn of a deep-sea fish, which is imported from China. Some say, it is the root of a tree, from which knife-handles are made. By it poison is tested, when it is in food. The broth or whatever it may be is stirred with it in a wooden bowl, and the food boils without fire; or this horn is placed on a bowl, and it sweats without steam."
{"title":"Exod. 3:14","authors":"W. Irwin","doi":"10.1086/370545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/370545","url":null,"abstract":"Very interesting in connection with Dr. Godbey's essay on the unicorn and detection of poison by means of its horn is what KaBgari reports in his Diwan Lu'dt al-Turk, III, 164, 9-12. K~Sgari knew wares and ideas current among the Turks in the eleventh century A.D. as did few others. Defining the Turkish word Catuq, he says: \"The horn of a deep-sea fish, which is imported from China. Some say, it is the root of a tree, from which knife-handles are made. By it poison is tested, when it is in food. The broth or whatever it may be is stirred with it in a wooden bowl, and the food boils without fire; or this horn is placed on a bowl, and it sweats without steam.\"","PeriodicalId":252942,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1939-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116180363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
that I AM is the name of the spirit; and 15 in still clearer language answers the query of Moses with mention of the name. But who can deduce such meaning from "I AM THAT I AM"? Instead, this phrase becomes one of mockery, denying Moses the revelation he had implored. And the variant renderings are even more derisively cynical. Now these are possible renderings of the Hebrew, yet, if the writer had meant such, he would much better have said DANI DASHER DANI, or DANI DASHER DEHYEH, or even the unusual ANI DASHER HOYEH. In other words, our accepted translations, while possible, are at best of doubtful validity. And it will be evident that, whatever may be the correct translation, the error here has arisen through taking the subject of the first verb as at the same time the antecedent of the relative. It should be borne in mind that the Hebrew "relative" clause has a wide syntax. It occurs frequently as subject of the verb, or as object (see Gaenssle, "The Hebrew Particle Asher," ?? 62 and 66; K5nig, Syntax der Hebrdischen Sprache, ? 384; Ewald, Hebrew Syntax, ? 336a [1]; Gesenius-Kautsch [Cowley], Hebrew Grammar, ? 155 n.). Particularly revealing for our present problem is Isa. 41:24, which, except for the omission of the relative particle, is identical in form with the passage we are discussing. It is seen at once that the relative clause is the predicate of a nominal sentence: "An abomination (is) who-chooses-them." Then one should add numerous other similar passages, notably those listed by Kdnig under the caption "Pridicativsdtze" (op cit., ? 383a) among which, to his credit be it mentioned, he actually includes in its correct order Exod. 3:14. Beyond a question Kdnig is right; the 'ASHER clause in this passage, rather than the verbal element in the first 'EHYEH, is predicate of the sentence. There can be no reasonable doubt that the correct translation is "I-AM is who I am"-a rendering far remote from the similar wording of R.V. W. A. IRWIN
我是灵的名;第15章用更清晰的语言回答了摩西的问题，提到了耶稣的名字。但谁能从“我是那我是”中演绎出这样的意义呢?相反，这句话变成了一种嘲弄，否定了摩西所祈求的启示。而不同的译法则更加嘲讽。这些都是希伯来语可能的译法，然而，如果作者是这个意思，他最好是说DANI DASHER DANI，或者DANI DASHER DEHYEH，或者甚至是不寻常的ANI DASHER HOYEH。换句话说，我们接受的翻译，虽然可能，充其量是可疑的有效性。很明显，不管正确的翻译是什么，这里的错误是由于把第一个动词的主语同时当作关系词的先行词而产生的。应该记住，希伯来语的“关系”从句具有广泛的语法。它经常作为动词的主语或宾语出现(参见Gaenssle，“希伯来语助词Asher，”??62和66;语法(Syntax der Hebrdischen spach)384;Ewald，希伯来语语法?336年[1];格塞纽斯-考奇[考利]，希伯来语语法?155 n。)。对我们现在的问题特别有启示的是以赛亚书41:24，除了省略了相对助词外，它与我们正在讨论的段落在形式上是相同的。我们可以立刻看出，关系分句是名句的谓语:“选择他们的是可憎之人。”然后，我们应该添加许多其他类似的段落，特别是Kdnig在“专有”标题下列出的那些段落(同上)。383a)其中，值得赞扬的是，他实际上把出埃及记3:14按正确的顺序包括在内。毫无疑问，Kdnig是对的;这篇文章中的ASHER子句，而不是第一个EHYEH中的动词性元素，是句子的谓语。毫无疑问，正确的翻译应该是“I- am is who I am”——这与R.V. w.a. IRWIN的类似措辞相去甚远
{"title":"Eccles. 3:18","authors":"W. A. Irwin","doi":"10.1086/370546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/370546","url":null,"abstract":"that I AM is the name of the spirit; and 15 in still clearer language answers the query of Moses with mention of the name. But who can deduce such meaning from \"I AM THAT I AM\"? Instead, this phrase becomes one of mockery, denying Moses the revelation he had implored. And the variant renderings are even more derisively cynical. Now these are possible renderings of the Hebrew, yet, if the writer had meant such, he would much better have said DANI DASHER DANI, or DANI DASHER DEHYEH, or even the unusual ANI DASHER HOYEH. In other words, our accepted translations, while possible, are at best of doubtful validity. And it will be evident that, whatever may be the correct translation, the error here has arisen through taking the subject of the first verb as at the same time the antecedent of the relative. It should be borne in mind that the Hebrew \"relative\" clause has a wide syntax. It occurs frequently as subject of the verb, or as object (see Gaenssle, \"The Hebrew Particle Asher,\" ?? 62 and 66; K5nig, Syntax der Hebrdischen Sprache, ? 384; Ewald, Hebrew Syntax, ? 336a [1]; Gesenius-Kautsch [Cowley], Hebrew Grammar, ? 155 n.). Particularly revealing for our present problem is Isa. 41:24, which, except for the omission of the relative particle, is identical in form with the passage we are discussing. It is seen at once that the relative clause is the predicate of a nominal sentence: \"An abomination (is) who-chooses-them.\" Then one should add numerous other similar passages, notably those listed by Kdnig under the caption \"Pridicativsdtze\" (op cit., ? 383a) among which, to his credit be it mentioned, he actually includes in its correct order Exod. 3:14. Beyond a question Kdnig is right; the 'ASHER clause in this passage, rather than the verbal element in the first 'EHYEH, is predicate of the sentence. There can be no reasonable doubt that the correct translation is \"I-AM is who I am\"-a rendering far remote from the similar wording of R.V. W. A. IRWIN","PeriodicalId":252942,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1939-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134343553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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