Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.31891/2415-7929-2022-25-5
V. Kulish, H. Koval
After the events of February 24, 2022, the entire civilized world became chained to Ukraine. Political figures and authoritative mass media could not stand aside from the war in Ukraine, condemning the actions of the aggressor country and supporting the Ukrainian people in their difficult struggle. Of course, when expressing their position, politicians used phraseological units to give their language expressiveness and emotionality. In general, the idioms they used to indicate their negative or neutral attitude can be classified according to their structure, the presence of a metaphorical element, and their origin. It is interesting that most of the idioms used are of military or political origin, although there are also those that come from sports, seafaring, aviation, litigation and money. Analyzing phraseological units by structure, it becomes clear that politicians most often use phraseological units consisting of a verb and a postpositive, and taking into account the metaphorical meaning, the most common in military-political discourse are idioms.
{"title":"PRAGMATIC ASPECTS OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN POLITICAL AND WAR DISCOURSE","authors":"V. Kulish, H. Koval","doi":"10.31891/2415-7929-2022-25-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2415-7929-2022-25-5","url":null,"abstract":"After the events of February 24, 2022, the entire civilized world became chained to Ukraine. Political figures and authoritative mass media could not stand aside from the war in Ukraine, condemning the actions of the aggressor country and supporting the Ukrainian people in their difficult struggle. Of course, when expressing their position, politicians used phraseological units to give their language expressiveness and emotionality. In general, the idioms they used to indicate their negative or neutral attitude can be classified according to their structure, the presence of a metaphorical element, and their origin. It is interesting that most of the idioms used are of military or political origin, although there are also those that come from sports, seafaring, aviation, litigation and money. Analyzing phraseological units by structure, it becomes clear that politicians most often use phraseological units consisting of a verb and a postpositive, and taking into account the metaphorical meaning, the most common in military-political discourse are idioms.","PeriodicalId":255187,"journal":{"name":"Current issues of linguistics and translations studies","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126286511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-10
O. Fedorova, L. Zakrenytska, Т. Severina
Foreign language learner autonomy is a key capacity of a successful person in the 21st century due to the growing need for life-long education in the conditions of Euro integration and globalization. Modern educational institutions try to incorporate various means and forms of learning to develop learner autonomy. The article aims at the investigation of the peculiarities of Foreign Languages classroom design as a factor of foreign language learner autonomy development. Special emphasis is placed on the idea of Foreign Languages classroom zoning. The authors outline necessary equipment and strategies of its use in the process of autonomous students’ work in the Word Corner, Language Portfolio, Library and Face the Challenge Zones. The use of such educational facilities as Wordwall, Word Maps, Personal Tokens, Washing Line as means to decorate the classroom and promote foreign language learner’s autonomy is described too. The article suggests several approaches to short-term and long-term planning of student autonomous work in the Foreign Languages school classroom in the “Face the Challenge” zone. The simplicity, mobility and cost-effectiveness of the suggested facilities (furniture, seating, decorations) are their main advantages for both teachers and students. Rainbow design of work zones, materials and facilities in Foreign Languages classroom is presented as a way to integrate them all to represent the idea of student equality, unity and collaboration. The choice of rainbow design of the Foreign Languages classroom is approved by its aesthetic attractiveness, positive informal associations and universal awareness by teachers, students and parents. Suggested ideas of Foreign Languages classroom zoning and design of its educational environment are investigated as means to develop 21century 4C skills of critical thinking, creativity, communication and collaboration.
{"title":"FOREIGN LANGUAGE CLASSROOM DESIGN AS A FACTOR OF LANGUAGE LEARNER AUTONOMY DEVELOPMENT","authors":"O. Fedorova, L. Zakrenytska, Т. Severina","doi":"10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-10","url":null,"abstract":"Foreign language learner autonomy is a key capacity of a successful person in the 21st century due to the growing need for life-long education in the conditions of Euro integration and globalization. Modern educational institutions try to incorporate various means and forms of learning to develop learner autonomy. The article aims at the investigation of the peculiarities of Foreign Languages classroom design as a factor of foreign language learner autonomy development. Special emphasis is placed on the idea of Foreign Languages classroom zoning. The authors outline necessary equipment and strategies of its use in the process of autonomous students’ work in the Word Corner, Language Portfolio, Library and Face the Challenge Zones. The use of such educational facilities as Wordwall, Word Maps, Personal Tokens, Washing Line as means to decorate the classroom and promote foreign language learner’s autonomy is described too. The article suggests several approaches to short-term and long-term planning of student autonomous work in the Foreign Languages school classroom in the “Face the Challenge” zone. The simplicity, mobility and cost-effectiveness of the suggested facilities (furniture, seating, decorations) are their main advantages for both teachers and students. Rainbow design of work zones, materials and facilities in Foreign Languages classroom is presented as a way to integrate them all to represent the idea of student equality, unity and collaboration. The choice of rainbow design of the Foreign Languages classroom is approved by its aesthetic attractiveness, positive informal associations and universal awareness by teachers, students and parents. Suggested ideas of Foreign Languages classroom zoning and design of its educational environment are investigated as means to develop 21century 4C skills of critical thinking, creativity, communication and collaboration.","PeriodicalId":255187,"journal":{"name":"Current issues of linguistics and translations studies","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117020385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-16
V. Rozghon
The article describes the functional properties of the adjective complex as a means of creating an artistic image. Broad expressive possibilities of various structural and semantic types of the adjective complex are established when reproducing the most characteristic external and internal features character traits, creation of a certain psychological state, generation of various emotions and feelings. It was determined that the author most often uses complex adjectives with color semantics, as well as composites, the first component of which is the basis of good. Structural semantic features of individually authored novelties, which the writer skilfully puts into the context in order to present to the reader the original features and charismatic image of Roksolana, to express a subjective attitude towards the main character. Complex adjectives (composite adjectives) as analytical units of the modern Ukrainian language belong to the class of sign words and are characterized by a variety of structural-semantic types, an expressive stylistic feature, a wealth of semantics, emotionality and imagery, which contributes to their active use in any communicative situation. Composite adjectives are always used with nouns, narrowing down and concretizing the semantic features of a specific subject, highlighting features characteristic only to it.
{"title":"COMPOUND ADJECTIVES AS A MEANS OF CREATING AN ARTISTIC IMAGE (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF P. ZAGREBELNY’S NOVEL “ROKSOLAN”)","authors":"V. Rozghon","doi":"10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-16","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the functional properties of the adjective complex as a means of creating an artistic image. Broad expressive possibilities of various structural and semantic types of the adjective complex are established when reproducing the most characteristic external and internal features character traits, creation of a certain psychological state, generation of various emotions and feelings. It was determined that the author most often uses complex adjectives with color semantics, as well as composites, the first component of which is the basis of good. Structural semantic features of individually authored novelties, which the writer skilfully puts into the context in order to present to the reader the original features and charismatic image of Roksolana, to express a subjective attitude towards the main character. Complex adjectives (composite adjectives) as analytical units of the modern Ukrainian language belong to the class of sign words and are characterized by a variety of structural-semantic types, an expressive stylistic feature, a wealth of semantics, emotionality and imagery, which contributes to their active use in any communicative situation. Composite adjectives are always used with nouns, narrowing down and concretizing the semantic features of a specific subject, highlighting features characteristic only to it.","PeriodicalId":255187,"journal":{"name":"Current issues of linguistics and translations studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129615852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-4
I. Prokina, Y. Kupchyshyna
The article deals with the problem of gender as a social construct and socio-cultural model of representation of the phenomena of masculinity and femininity in society as well as the notion of gender and gender stereotype. The research developed a semantic classification of gender-marked phraseology, according to which gender-marked phraseological units are most often used to denote man’s occupation (58 units / 29%), hisher character (30 units / 15%), relationships (22 units / 8.5%), mental and physical abilities (18 units / 9%), social status (17 units / 8.5%) and appearance (17 units / 8.5%). It is worth noting that in all these areas there is a constant tradition of male dominance as the head of the family, leader and authority. In the English-language picture, a woman is depicted as a wonderful mother and an exemplary woman for her husband. The lexical potential of phraseological units with a gender component and its implementation in English-language culture is revealed; fragments of the English-language picture of the world verbalized by gender-marked phraseological units reflect such stereotypes as: in key aspects of a man’s social life he is portrayed as powerful, courageous and strong, and all his negative traits and lustful behavior are taken for granted; at the same time, the feminine weakness of any man is strongly condemned, as are the attempts of women to gain power in the family, because according to the stereotypical views of society, a woman should be soft, weak and submissive. In most cases, a woman is portrayed as a fragile person who looks after her appearance and in some cases does not have high level of intelligence, while a man is an authoritative and important person.
{"title":"VERBALIZATION OF GENDER STEREOTYPES AND SEMANTIC PECULARITIES OF ENGLISH PHRASEOLOGIES WITH GENDER COMPONENT","authors":"I. Prokina, Y. Kupchyshyna","doi":"10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-4","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the problem of gender as a social construct and socio-cultural model of representation of the phenomena of masculinity and femininity in society as well as the notion of gender and gender stereotype. The research developed a semantic classification of gender-marked phraseology, according to which gender-marked phraseological units are most often used to denote man’s occupation (58 units / 29%), hisher character (30 units / 15%), relationships (22 units / 8.5%), mental and physical abilities (18 units / 9%), social status (17 units / 8.5%) and appearance (17 units / 8.5%). It is worth noting that in all these areas there is a constant tradition of male dominance as the head of the family, leader and authority. In the English-language picture, a woman is depicted as a wonderful mother and an exemplary woman for her husband. The lexical potential of phraseological units with a gender component and its implementation in English-language culture is revealed; fragments of the English-language picture of the world verbalized by gender-marked phraseological units reflect such stereotypes as: in key aspects of a man’s social life he is portrayed as powerful, courageous and strong, and all his negative traits and lustful behavior are taken for granted; at the same time, the feminine weakness of any man is strongly condemned, as are the attempts of women to gain power in the family, because according to the stereotypical views of society, a woman should be soft, weak and submissive. In most cases, a woman is portrayed as a fragile person who looks after her appearance and in some cases does not have high level of intelligence, while a man is an authoritative and important person.","PeriodicalId":255187,"journal":{"name":"Current issues of linguistics and translations studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130625066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-13
O. Yankovets, I. Isaieva
Geopolitical, as well as social and political events in the life of any country are always reflected in the language – both in the state language and in the foreign languages, which describe the situation in the world. The Russian-Ukraine war is no exception. The world’s most influential leaders, the United States and Britain, have been providing financial and moral support to Ukraine since the first days of the war with Russia. The leaders of these states clearly and consistently express their pro-Ukrainian position, support Ukraine financially and morally. During his visit to Kyiv, Boris Johnson analyses the situation in Ukraine, admires the Ukrainian people, and convinces them not to give up, but to continue the struggle. The purpose of Boris Johnson’s speech is to convince Ukrainians that they will definitely defeat the enemy and that Ukraine will be free. Boris Johnson uses a large number of linguistic means (the morphological, syntactic, lexical and stylistic ones) to achieve persuasiveness. Boris Johnson’s speech is characterized by the use of personal and possessive pronouns of the first and second person, tense forms (including present and future), different types of sentences (simple, compound and complex sentences), a rhetorical question, political and military terms, toponyms and anthroponyms, realia and others. The author also uses artistic means and expressive techniques: epithets, metaphors, comparisons, anaphors and proverbs. The combination of the author’s means and methods create a holistic picture of the author’s intention – to analyze the situation in Ukraine in detail, to express their own attitude to the war, to encourage Ukrainians to fight, and to emphasize the support of Britain.
{"title":"LEXICAL AND STYLISTIC MEANS OF PERSUASIVENESS IN BORYS JOHNSON’S SPEECH ON THE RUSSIAN AND UKRAINIAN WAR","authors":"O. Yankovets, I. Isaieva","doi":"10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-13","url":null,"abstract":"Geopolitical, as well as social and political events in the life of any country are always reflected in the language – both in the state language and in the foreign languages, which describe the situation in the world. The Russian-Ukraine war is no exception. The world’s most influential leaders, the United States and Britain, have been providing financial and moral support to Ukraine since the first days of the war with Russia. The leaders of these states clearly and consistently express their pro-Ukrainian position, support Ukraine financially and morally. During his visit to Kyiv, Boris Johnson analyses the situation in Ukraine, admires the Ukrainian people, and convinces them not to give up, but to continue the struggle. The purpose of Boris Johnson’s speech is to convince Ukrainians that they will definitely defeat the enemy and that Ukraine will be free. Boris Johnson uses a large number of linguistic means (the morphological, syntactic, lexical and stylistic ones) to achieve persuasiveness. Boris Johnson’s speech is characterized by the use of personal and possessive pronouns of the first and second person, tense forms (including present and future), different types of sentences (simple, compound and complex sentences), a rhetorical question, political and military terms, toponyms and anthroponyms, realia and others. The author also uses artistic means and expressive techniques: epithets, metaphors, comparisons, anaphors and proverbs. The combination of the author’s means and methods create a holistic picture of the author’s intention – to analyze the situation in Ukraine in detail, to express their own attitude to the war, to encourage Ukrainians to fight, and to emphasize the support of Britain.","PeriodicalId":255187,"journal":{"name":"Current issues of linguistics and translations studies","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125198428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-1
A. Bychok, O. Bodnar
The article deals with the language aspect which is the most important among all the aspects of translation according to a large number of scholars and translators. Language is the key element in transmitting information from the original sources. Translating the information a specialist focuses on two languages – foreign and native. As a rule, it is important to have an accurate knowledge of all the features that are relevant to translation. It is especially important to know such differences in translation as different features of information distribution in a sentence, verbality and nominality of different fragments of language structure, ethno specifics and features of functioning of different language elements. It is also necessary to emphasize when translating the equivalents of the target language which are absent in the linguistic phenomena of the source language. The specialist-translator pays attention, first of all, to the propositional and illocutionary component of the speech act, namely to grammatical, lexical, stylistic and pragmatic features. W. Arnold, R. Arnst, G. Tom, R. Bachmann, R. Weyer, and others investigated this issue. It is known that the speech act with its propositional and illocutionary structures is undoubtedly the main unit of translation. Attention should always be paid to practical application, professionalism, expert opinions / analysis, general and linguistic research, diverse competencies, social and intercultural knowledge, and knowledge of terminology and scientific management. We should emphasize that communication medium is not clearly defined groups or associations of people. It is a combination of present knowledge, teaching, learning, postgraduate education. It is also worth mentioning overcoming language and cultural barriers in communication. However, many issues should be studied in further investigations.
语言方面是翻译中最重要的一个方面，这是许多学者和翻译家的观点。语言是传递原始信息的关键因素。翻译信息的专家专注于两种语言——外语和母语。通常，准确了解与翻译相关的所有特征是很重要的。在翻译中，了解句子中信息分布的不同特征、语言结构不同片段的言语性和物性、民族特征和不同语言要素的功能特征等差异尤为重要。在翻译译入语时，还需要强调源语语言现象中所没有的译入语对等物。专家翻译家首先关注言语行为的命题和言外成分，即语法、词汇、文体和语用特征。W. Arnold, R. Arnst, G. Tom, R. Bachmann, R. Weyer等人研究了这个问题。言语行为及其命题和言外结构无疑是翻译的主要单位。应始终注意实际应用、专业精神、专家意见/分析、一般和语言研究、多样化能力、社会和跨文化知识以及术语和科学管理知识。我们应该强调，传播媒介并不是明确界定的群体或群体。它是集现有知识、教学、学习、研究生教育为一体的。另外值得一提的是在沟通中克服语言和文化障碍。然而，还有许多问题需要进一步研究。
{"title":"TRANSLATORS’ ACTIVITY AND THEIR PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCY","authors":"A. Bychok, O. Bodnar","doi":"10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-1","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the language aspect which is the most important among all the aspects of translation according to a large number of scholars and translators. Language is the key element in transmitting information from the original sources. Translating the information a specialist focuses on two languages – foreign and native. As a rule, it is important to have an accurate knowledge of all the features that are relevant to translation. It is especially important to know such differences in translation as different features of information distribution in a sentence, verbality and nominality of different fragments of language structure, ethno specifics and features of functioning of different language elements. It is also necessary to emphasize when translating the equivalents of the target language which are absent in the linguistic phenomena of the source language. The specialist-translator pays attention, first of all, to the propositional and illocutionary component of the speech act, namely to grammatical, lexical, stylistic and pragmatic features. W. Arnold, R. Arnst, G. Tom, R. Bachmann, R. Weyer, and others investigated this issue. It is known that the speech act with its propositional and illocutionary structures is undoubtedly the main unit of translation. Attention should always be paid to practical application, professionalism, expert opinions / analysis, general and linguistic research, diverse competencies, social and intercultural knowledge, and knowledge of terminology and scientific management. We should emphasize that communication medium is not clearly defined groups or associations of people. It is a combination of present knowledge, teaching, learning, postgraduate education. It is also worth mentioning overcoming language and cultural barriers in communication. However, many issues should be studied in further investigations.","PeriodicalId":255187,"journal":{"name":"Current issues of linguistics and translations studies","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117067174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-8
L. Stanislavova, L. Tereshchenko
The article studies translation transformations in a literary text, which let the translator achieve the adequacy of the translation. The translation grammar transformations of the systematic type, used for adequate translation of the fantasy novels by A. Sapkovsky into Ukrainian, are analyzed. Translation transformations of the systematic type need to be applied due to differences in the grammatical systems of both languages. It was found that the translation involves substitutions at the level of word combinations, sentences, grammatical categories of gender and parts of speech. The article shows examples of established translations that estimate the differences of syntactic organization in subjunctive phrases, with indefinite pronoun coś, co (coś donogye, coś takiego, co innego) as a main sentence member and translations regarding differences in verb constructions with a dependent noun, as well as in the constructions “noun+noun”, “adjective adverb+noun”; “adverb+noun”. Also the following features are analyzed: differences in comparative constructions, constructions expressing the intensity of a feature; differences in constructions with the circumstances of the place; differences in the construction of sentences with a compound nominal predicate; differences in the construction of compound sentences (with the conjunction korzy, korzy to, with enclitics więcz, zaś, jednak, przeto, etc.); differences in constructions with an impersonal, indefinite-personal meaning, constructions with a passive state; differences in the gender category and belonging to a certain part of the language. The translators of A. Sapkovsky’s witch novels use transformations of the systematic type consistently, but there are breaks of the systematic schemes – in cases they are not mandatory for the language. The need to follow target language norms was noted.
本文研究文学文本中的翻译转换，使译者实现译文的充分性。分析了萨普科夫斯基奇幻小说在乌克兰语翻译中所使用的系统型翻译语法转换。由于两种语言的语法系统不同，需要进行系统类型的翻译转换。研究发现，翻译过程中涉及到词语组合、句子、性别语法类别和词性等层面的替换。本文列举了以不定代词cova, co (cova donogye, cova takiego, co innego)为主要句子成员的虚拟语气短语句法组织差异的已建立的翻译实例，以及动词结构与从属名词以及“名词+名词”、“形容词副词+名词”结构差异的翻译实例;“副词+名词”。并分析了以下特征:比较结构的差异，表达一个特征的强度的结构;不同地方的情况下，不同的建筑;复合名词性谓语句结构的差异并列句(与连词korzy、korzy to连词、与限定词więcz、zaza、jednak、przeto等连词连词)结构的差异;非人称、不定人称意义和被动状态结构的差异;性别范畴的差异和属于语言的某一部分。萨普科夫斯基女巫小说的译者一贯使用系统类型的转换，但也有系统方案的中断-在某些情况下，它们不是语言的强制性。有人指出，必须遵守目标语文规范。
{"title":"GRAMMATICAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE TRANSLATION OF A. SAPKOVSKY’S FANTASY AS THE MANIFESTATION OF SYSTEMATICALLY CONDITIONED TRANSFORMATIONS","authors":"L. Stanislavova, L. Tereshchenko","doi":"10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-8","url":null,"abstract":"The article studies translation transformations in a literary text, which let the translator achieve the adequacy of the translation. The translation grammar transformations of the systematic type, used for adequate translation of the fantasy novels by A. Sapkovsky into Ukrainian, are analyzed. Translation transformations of the systematic type need to be applied due to differences in the grammatical systems of both languages. It was found that the translation involves substitutions at the level of word combinations, sentences, grammatical categories of gender and parts of speech. The article shows examples of established translations that estimate the differences of syntactic organization in subjunctive phrases, with indefinite pronoun coś, co (coś donogye, coś takiego, co innego) as a main sentence member and translations regarding differences in verb constructions with a dependent noun, as well as in the constructions “noun+noun”, “adjective adverb+noun”; “adverb+noun”. Also the following features are analyzed: differences in comparative constructions, constructions expressing the intensity of a feature; differences in constructions with the circumstances of the place; differences in the construction of sentences with a compound nominal predicate; differences in the construction of compound sentences (with the conjunction korzy, korzy to, with enclitics więcz, zaś, jednak, przeto, etc.); differences in constructions with an impersonal, indefinite-personal meaning, constructions with a passive state; differences in the gender category and belonging to a certain part of the language. The translators of A. Sapkovsky’s witch novels use transformations of the systematic type consistently, but there are breaks of the systematic schemes – in cases they are not mandatory for the language. The need to follow target language norms was noted.","PeriodicalId":255187,"journal":{"name":"Current issues of linguistics and translations studies","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132528688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-2
D. Dmytroshkin
The article deals with compounding in present-day English. A specific type of compound words, blended words, used in modern American sports media discourse was studied. Specifically, blended words of adjectival nature were analyzed in the paper. The author analyzes blended words created by means of joining contracted forms of a proper name and an adjective or participle II. This type of blended words in American sports media discourse is suggested to be specific to sports terminology only; however, the trend in this type of word formation penetrates other spheres of human activity. The component represented by a proper name always refers to an athlete’s or team name. The major function of such lexemes is to describe a game or recent period of the athlete or team by means of stylistic effect. Pun is the basic device used in formation of such blended words. It has been established that the researched lexical units can be divided into two major groups: blended words with adjectives and blended words with participle II. A slight semantic difference between the groups has been revealed. It has also been indicated that such blended words are primarily used as headlines to articles posted on Internet pages to describe a recent match or successful/unsuccessful period for a team. Broader sentences are used in contaminated form to create certain stylistic affect and attract reader’s attention to the article. Specific examples slightly deviating from the entire group of lexemes have been analyzed, namely blended words used in a speech of a sports commentator and blended words having slightly different morphological structure. The research contributes greatly to the theory of word formation, namely compounding. Further prospects of the research have been singled out.
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Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-9
O. Stepanenko, V. Zaiets, Y. Stepchuk
The article discusses the features, sources of replenishment and etymological aspects of youth slang in the modern Ukrainian language. The article provides historical aspects of the appearance of the concept of slang and changes in its meaning are given. The study identifies and describes the main varieties of this phenomenon: youth, professional, computer, criminal slang as well as slang associated with hobbies. Youth slang is classified depending on the social group and includes school, student, network, gaming, hacker, and subcultural slang. Also, the authors draw conclusions about the positive and negative aspects of the influence of slang on the state of the modern Ukrainian literary language. The study interprets slang as a relatively stable for a certain period, widely used, stylistically marked lexical layer, a component of expressive vernacular, included in literary language, heterogeneous in its sources, the degree of approximation to the literary standard with pejorative expression. The main sources of modern Ukrainian youth slang include information technology, the Internet and foreign language borrowing. It has been proven that youth slang is formed as a result of updating and enriching the language with borrowed words that young people begin to use in their own speech, trying to seem more interesting and modern to convey emotions, thoughts and attitudes to something or someone. It has been found that there are several types of slang in the way they are formed: word formation, reduction, affixation, conversion, metaphorization and borrowing. Youth slang is one of the uncodified subsystems of the modern Ukrainian language, and it is at this level that one can trace how and to what extent linguistic phenomena are related to changes in social life in society.
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Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-17
I. Horyachok
The article describes the specifics of the essay genre as such his active development, his belonging to a certain genre and the main features of this genre. It is indicated that it contains the author’s thoughts on a certain problems, allows synthesis in the content of artistic, journalistic, philosophical and scientific principles. It is noted that the essay is characterized by polemics. The works of researchers regarding the nature of the genre are given in the article. it is noted that today there are many interpretations of this term. The features of this genre have been clarified in the work of the famous Polish essayist and literary critic Jerzy Stempowski. In Polish essay writing, the preference belonged to emigre writers, who quite often used this genre in their works. Emigration becomes a special place for creativity, where the writer is free from all cultural and social norms of his society. The main social and personal reasons for the appearance and popularity of the essay genre in the works of the Polish artist are determined, in particular, attention is paid to his long-term cooperation with the magazine “Kultura”. The universality of the theme of the collection “Selected Essays”, which includes 22 works, is indicated. The subjectivity inherent in a genre essay is the main aspect of E.Stempovsky’s essay writing. The position of the peasantry, ancient philosophy, current politics, international relations, the nuances of literary studies, the search for the essence and purpose of art, the moral attitude in times of indignity — all these are the leading themes of the essayist’s works. Jerzy Stempowski’s work, in which he described Ukraine and Ukrainian history in an essay, presented Ukrainian culture to the Polish reader.
{"title":"THE ESSAY GENRE IN THE CREATIVITY OF JERZY STEMPOWSKI","authors":"I. Horyachok","doi":"10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2415-7929-2022-24-17","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the specifics of the essay genre as such his active development, his belonging to a certain genre and the main features of this genre. It is indicated that it contains the author’s thoughts on a certain problems, allows synthesis in the content of artistic, journalistic, philosophical and scientific principles. It is noted that the essay is characterized by polemics. The works of researchers regarding the nature of the genre are given in the article. it is noted that today there are many interpretations of this term. The features of this genre have been clarified in the work of the famous Polish essayist and literary critic Jerzy Stempowski. In Polish essay writing, the preference belonged to emigre writers, who quite often used this genre in their works. Emigration becomes a special place for creativity, where the writer is free from all cultural and social norms of his society. The main social and personal reasons for the appearance and popularity of the essay genre in the works of the Polish artist are determined, in particular, attention is paid to his long-term cooperation with the magazine “Kultura”. The universality of the theme of the collection “Selected Essays”, which includes 22 works, is indicated. The subjectivity inherent in a genre essay is the main aspect of E.Stempovsky’s essay writing. The position of the peasantry, ancient philosophy, current politics, international relations, the nuances of literary studies, the search for the essence and purpose of art, the moral attitude in times of indignity — all these are the leading themes of the essayist’s works. Jerzy Stempowski’s work, in which he described Ukraine and Ukrainian history in an essay, presented Ukrainian culture to the Polish reader.","PeriodicalId":255187,"journal":{"name":"Current issues of linguistics and translations studies","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121426697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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