Combustion and Flame最新文献

{"title":"Flame structure of single aluminum droplets burning in hot steam-dominated flows","authors":"Zhiyong Wu ,&nbsp;Can Ruan ,&nbsp;Yue Qiu ,&nbsp;Mehdi Stiti ,&nbsp;Shijie Xu ,&nbsp;Niklas Jüngst ,&nbsp;Edouard Berrocal ,&nbsp;Marcus Aldén ,&nbsp;Xue-Song Bai ,&nbsp;Zhongshan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a specially designed experimental setup is employed to study the ignition and combustion of single aluminum droplets in hot steam-dominated flows. The transient burning behaviors of Al droplets of different sizes are characterized by simultaneously visualizing the flame incandescence and droplet shadowgraphs with two high-speed cameras at high magnification. The combustion process can be described in three stages: Al ignition and droplet generation, droplet evaporation and flame development, and steady combustion. During the steady combustion stage, a bright flame sheet, characterized by a narrow layer of dense nano-micron-sized alumina droplets, encapsulates the Al droplet core. The flame sheet composed of alumina droplets is located on a stagnation plane where the radial velocities relative to the droplet core are close to zero. The standoff ratio is around two, and it slightly decreases with the droplet size and increases with the oxygen content in the ambient gas. The thickness of the flame sheet (the alumina particle layer) is analyzed using Abel inversion of the projected profile of the flame incandescence and optical depth, revealing a thickness of about 50 μm for a burning droplet of a 550 μm diameter. Based on the shadowgraph images, the evaporation rate of the Al droplets is determined from the shrinking rate of the droplet projected area. Size-dependent evaporation rates are found to be related to different slip velocities, and the addition of oxygen to the oxidizer can significantly increase the evaporation rate. Finally, a conceptual model of a burning Al droplet in the steady combustion stage is proposed based on the experimental findings. The presented results provide novel datasets that contribute to model development and deepen the understanding of the physical and chemical processes involved in aluminum droplet combustion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":280,"journal":{"name":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 113838"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational investigation on the formation of liquid-fueled oblique detonation waves","authors":"Wenhao Wang ,&nbsp;Zongmin Hu ,&nbsp;Peng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Utilizing a two-phase supersonic chemically reacting flow solver with the Eulerian-Lagrangian method implemented in OpenFOAM, this study computationally investigates the formation of liquid-fueled oblique detonation waves (ODWs) within a pre-injection oblique detonation wave engine operating at an altitude of 30 km and a velocity of Mach 9. The inflow undergoes two-stage 12.5° compression, followed by uniform mixing with randomly distributed n-heptane droplets before entering the combustor. The study examines the effects of droplet breakup models, gas-liquid ratios, and on-wedge strips on the ODW formation. Results indicate that under the pure-droplet condition, the ODW fails to form within the combustor, irrespective of the breakup models used. However, increasing the proportion of n-heptane vapor in the fuel/air mixture facilitates the ODW formation, because the n-heptane vapor rapidly participates in the gaseous reactions, producing heat and accelerating the transition from low- to intermediate-temperature chemistry. Additionally, the presence of on-wedge strips enhances ODW formation by inducing a bow shock wave within the combustor, which significantly increases the temperature, directly triggering intermediate-temperature chemistry and subsequent heat-release reactions, thereby facilitating the formation of ODW.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":280,"journal":{"name":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 113839"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of lean premixed flame stabilized on a bluff-body with different temperature magnitude","authors":"Siqi Cai ,&nbsp;Wenquan Yang ,&nbsp;Lang Li,&nbsp;Jianlong Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The bluff-body is widely employed to improve the performance of the lean premixed combustion LPC which has advantages of high efficiency and low pollutant emissions. To further improve the LPC performance stabilized on the bluff-body, the effect of the bluff-body temperature on the lean premixed flame LPF feature near the flammability limit is studied here. The bluff-body temperature is controlled by the electrically heated rod or cooling water, and its values are set as ∼300 K (CB), naturally heat-conducting condition (NHB), 600 K (HB-600), and 900 K (HB-900), respectively. The experimental results show that the flammability limits and LPF behaviors in the case of CB and NHB are nearly the same because of the insignificant difference in the bluff-body temperature magnitude between them. The flammability limit can be significantly extended when the bluff-body temperature is heated to 900 K. Unexpectedly, the stable residual flame appears at the near-limit condition in the case of HB-900. It is the first time to observe the stable residual flame in the case of the fuel of Lewis number Le≈1.0. Then, the flame structures in the case of NHB, HB-600, and HB-900 are revealed numerically. It is found that the fresh reactant arrives at the flame primarily via diffusion rather than convection. The pre-heating effect on the fresh reactants and heat-loss effect to the bluff-body are also evaluated quantitatively. In the case of NHB, the flame can be classified to the adiabatic zone and mixed zone. By contrast, in the case of HB-600 and HB-900, the flame can be classified to the adiabatic zone, excess reaction zone, and weak reaction zone. This study expands our understanding on improving the LPC performance via controlling the bluff-body temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":280,"journal":{"name":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 113840"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hydrogen deflagration-jet flame coupled behavior in a ventilated confined space: Effects of ventilation area and leakage duration","authors":"Hongsheng Ma ,&nbsp;Changjian Wang ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Tao Du ,&nbsp;Quan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-uniform hydrogen deflagrations were experimentally conducted in a ceiling ventilated chamber considering the effects of ventilation area <em>A_v</em> and leakage duration <em>t_ig</em>. Two new coupled flame behaviors are observed. The first type of coupled flame structure involves the non-growing conical flame bubbles and jet flames, while the second type involves the growing ellipsoid flame bubbles and jet flames. A decrease in <em>A_v</em> or an increase in <em>t_ig</em> promotes the evolution of first type of coupled flame behavior into the second type. The horizontal propagation of deflagration flames can be divided into three typical stages and the horizontal flame front undergoes a gradual decrease in speed and then a slight acceleration. The overpressure transient exhibits a double peak structure in under-ventilated cases. The overpressure peak P₁ is induced by the coupled upward propagation of jet flames and initial flame bubbles. The overpressure peak P₂ is related to the coupled flame behavior involving jet flame combustion and flame bubble expansion. The maximum overpressure and maximum pressure rise rate show a sharp upward trend as the first type of coupled flame structure evolves into the second type.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":280,"journal":{"name":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 113842"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical sensitivity analysis of HTPB counterflow combustion using neural networks","authors":"Brian T. Bojko ,&nbsp;Clayton M. Geipel ,&nbsp;Brian T. Fisher ,&nbsp;David A. Kessler","doi":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solid fuel combustion requires pyrolysis gases to burn near its surface to provide enough heat feedback to decompose the solid and continue to provide the volatile gases required to sustain combustion. This coupled process defines the difficulty in sustaining solid fuel combustion in a variety of propulsion environments and necessitates a fundamental understanding of the physical processes in order to drive system design. This study explores the combustion of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) in a counterflow diffusion flame burner with 50% and 100% oxygen content and compares the regression rate and flame standoff to experimental data. A sensitivity analysis is pursued to identify the model parameters that need improvement and to help guide the next campaign of experiments. Neural networks are developed in a compact way as a means of providing quantitative results on the sensitivity of input parameters. Then a fully connected, deeper neural network is trained on the input parameters – oxidizer mole fraction, solid fuel heat of formation, pre-exponential factor of pyrolysis Arrhenius rate, molecular weight of pyrolysis species, oxidizer mass flux, separation distance, and the oxidizer temperature, – and shown to predict output variables – regression rate and flame standoff – within 90% and 95% accuracy respectively. This network is then used to create millions of data points with an overlapping parameter space for further statistical analysis and improvement of model parameters. In all, the data analysis presented using a neural network approach will help drive the design of experiments and is shown to increase the accuracy of the model in comparison to experimental measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":280,"journal":{"name":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 113829"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A numerical study of internal transport in oxidizing liquid core–shell iron particles","authors":"Leon C. Thijs ,&nbsp;Marie-Aline Van Ende ,&nbsp;Jeroen A. van Oijen ,&nbsp;Philip de Goey ,&nbsp;XiaoCheng Mi","doi":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In an effort to improve the understanding of the rate-limiting mechanisms in liquid iron particle combustion, this study investigates the impact of internal transport within a core–shell structure. The two-dimensional axisymmetric transient continuum model as presented in previous publication (Thijs et al., 2023) is extended, such that the boundary layer between the particle and the gas, surface processes at the particle–gas interface, as well as the internal oxide layer within the particle, considering the transport of reactive O and Fe ions, are resolved. Information from the equilibrium phase diagram, which is included as supplementary data, is used to determine oxidation rate of the particle. The study reveals that finite-rate internal transport significantly alters the temperature evolution compared to models assuming infinitely fast transport. At elevated oxygen concentrations, internal transport becomes rate-limiting, restricting the maximum particle temperature. The core–shell assumption leads to a higher local oxidation degree at the particle–gas interface than the average in the particle, reducing the overall oxygen consumption rate. The maximum particle temperature is reached when heat loss exceeds heat release. Although internal transport limits the maximum temperature, the initial heating rate remains overestimated, suggesting that the initial phase is not solely limited by external oxygen diffusion, and the L2-gas surface is not at thermodynamic equilibrium. The model does not account for the particle size effect on maximum temperature as observed in some experiments. A hypothetical explanation is that internal convection, more pronounced in larger particles, may reduce the internal transport limitation, leading to higher maximum temperatures in larger particles.</div><div><strong>Novelty and significance</strong></div><div>This study advances the understanding of oxidation rate-limiting mechanisms in liquid iron particle combustion by numerically investigating the impact of internal transport within a core–shell structure. By using a two-dimensional axisymmetric transient continuum model, the research reveals that finite-rate internal transport significantly affects temperature evolution of an oxidizing micron-sized iron particle, particularly at elevated oxygen concentrations where it becomes rate-limiting. The findings demonstrate that a finite-rate internal transport leads to a higher local oxidation degree at the particle–gas interface, reducing the oxygen consumption rates. The study highlights that finite-rate internal transport limits the maximum particle temperature at elevated oxygen concentrations, a trend observed in isolated iron particle combustion experiments. Furthermore, this study provides a hypothetical explanation for the experimentally observed particle size effects on the maximum particle temperature, emphasizing the role of internal convection in larger particles</div></div>","PeriodicalId":280,"journal":{"name":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 113826"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accurately measuring slowly propagating flame speeds: Application to ammonia/air flames","authors":"Joel Mathew,&nbsp;Justin K. Tavares,&nbsp;Jagannath Jayachandran","doi":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113807","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental concerns have driven the development of alternative fuels and refrigerant working fluids with low global warming potential. Ammonia (NH₃) is a potential zero-carbon fuel, while hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) like R-32 and R-1234yf are being adopted as refrigerants. When mixed with air, these compounds can sustain slowly propagating flames with laminar flame speeds less than 10 cm/s. Unlike typical hydrocarbon-fueled flames, these slow flames are influenced by buoyancy-induced flow and radiation heat loss. In this study, we experimentally investigate the flame speeds of NH₃/air mixtures using the constant-pressure spherically expanding flame method, while circumventing gravity-induced natural convection, and account for radiation-induced inward flow. To mitigate buoyant convection, a low-cost drop tower was built and used to study slow spherically expanding flames in free fall. A computational model (SRADIF) is utilized that combines thermodynamic equilibrium and finite rate optically thin limit radiation heat loss calculations to estimate the inward flow. The developed methodology is utilized to investigate slowly propagating NH₃/air flames over a range of equivalence ratios. A systematic approach was undertaken to understand and quantify the errors that could arise when deriving the laminar flame speed. It was found that attempting to study slowly propagating flames in a static configuration, as opposed to in free fall, results in large differences in flame dynamics and subsequently all derived quantities. It is necessary to study slowly propagating flames in free-fall. Additionally, using experimental data that has not been corrected for radiation-induced flow leads to large errors in all derived quantities. Furthermore, direct comparisons of experimental measurements and detailed flame simulations are found to be necessary to determine if existing extrapolation approaches are applicable to these slowly propagating flames, which are challenging to study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":280,"journal":{"name":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 113807"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct combustion noise: Nearfield and non-compactness influences on pressure–heat release coherence","authors":"Sungyoung Ha,&nbsp;Tim Lieuwen","doi":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113811","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There are several mechanisms through which turbulent flames produce sound. In low Mach number, unconfined flows, direct combustion noise – i.e., unsteady gas expansion generated by heat release fluctuations – is known to be a dominant contributor. This study is motivated by the fact that in the farfield, the coherence between spatially integrated heat release fluctuations from acoustically compact flames and direct combustion noise is unity. This suggests that the role of direct combustion noise relative to other sources can be ascertained from the value of the coherence. However, in practice it is difficult to fully satisfy the requirements to achieve a unity coherence, even in cases where direct combustion noise is the dominant noise source. This paper explores the contribution of noncompactness and nearfield effects on coherence. For the noncompactness part, while it is often the case that flames are small relative to a wavelength, they are never infinitesimally small. For the nearfield aspect, it is often not possible or practical to obtain farfield measurements, particularly in confined environments. This paper presents calculations that quantify how these noncompactness and nearfield effects influence coherence values. These calculations provide guidance on frequency ranges over which direct combustion noise will lead to near-unity coherence values, as well as required distances and optimal angles for acoustic instrumentation.</div><div><strong>Novelty and significance statement</strong></div><div>This study presents a theoretical study on the coherence between heat release rate and acoustic pressure fluctuations, which has been mostly overlooked in prior literature. To the extent of the author’s knowledge, this is the first attempt that identify and investigate the inconsistencies between traditional theory and experimental literature on coherence. Results have implications for our previous understanding of the relationship between the heat release rate fluctuations and direct noise, aiding in future studies on combustion noise.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":280,"journal":{"name":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 113811"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal oxidation, ignition, and combustion characterization of AP-, LP-, and KN- coated multi-metal composite powders in Air/H2O environments","authors":"Wenke Zhang ,&nbsp;Peihui Xu ,&nbsp;Daolun Liang ,&nbsp;Jianzhong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studying the ignition and combustion performances of modified aluminum-based metallic fuels in variable oxidizing atmospheres is highly important for large-scale space exploration. In this study, Al–B–Mg multi-metal composite powders (MMP) were prepared using the mechanical ball-milling method.It was coated respectively by ammonium perchlorate (AP), lithium perchlorate (LP), and potassium nitrate (KN) to obtain modified multi-metal composite powder fuels (AP@MMP, LP@MMP, and KN@MMP, respectively) by a recrystallization method. The samples were characterized and their thermal oxidation, ignition and combustion processes were investigated through a TG and laser-ignition experiment under Air/H₂O environments. The results show that the MMP samples can potentially be called pure aluminum substitutes. All three samples exhibit fast ignition characteristics with ignition delay times of 2.95–6.75 ms in air. AP@MMP exhibits the highest ignition speed. The thermal oxidation, ignition, and combustion properties of all samples decayed with increasing water content in the atmosphere (Air→Air+H₂O→H₂O). AP@MMP exhibits a significantly more intense and stable combustion overall than LP@MMP and KN@MMP. This study expands the direction and application range of aluminum-based composite metal fuels, guiding their applications in Air/H₂O environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":280,"journal":{"name":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 113808"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of cerium trifluoride on combustion properties of nano-aluminum powder","authors":"Yajun Wang,&nbsp;Wenyu Li,&nbsp;Ruihua Liu,&nbsp;Zhengliang Deng,&nbsp;Qiang Gan","doi":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113831","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113831","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the influence of cerium trifluoride (CeF₃) on the combustion performance of nano aluminum powder (n-Al), different mass fractions of CeF₃ were physically mixed into the n-Al powder. Research results show that CeF₃ can significantly increase the main exothermic heat of n-Al powder. When the CeF₃ content was 10 %, the heat release reached 9579.90 J·g^‒1. However, as the CeF₃ content increased, the heat release of the sample decreased. Thermal analysis results of Al/CeF₃ and Al/CeO₂ infer that this was due to the action of CeO₂ generated by pre-ignition reaction for Al/CeF₃–15. The presence of CeO₂ inhibited the reaction degree of Al, thereby reducing the heat release. Meanwhile, as the proportion of CeF₃ increased, the peak temperature of the main reaction exothermic peak was delayed, and more energy input was required for the oxidation of n-Al powder. Combustion experiments show that the addition of CeF₃ greatly shortened the combustion time of n-Al powder, with the shortest time being 4.43 s. In addition, due to the excellent storage and release oxygen capability of CeO₂, multiple micro-explosions occurred in the composite material during combustion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":280,"journal":{"name":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 113831"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}