This discussion of the entry and super-entry is the one that concerns both the internal and external boundaries of the idiom and the identity of the idiom and its components. It gives rise to three groups of issues. The first group includes the theoretical solutions that have already been implemented in Croatian idiomatic lexicography, which constitute a significant shift in comparison to the previous state of linguistic knowledge. The greatest shift undoubtedly lies in the demarcation between polysemy and conversion and in the introduction of a multiword expression as a super-entry. The second group involves proposing the strategies that can be applied in idiomatic dictionaries, such as drawing a clearer distinction between idiom variation and synonymy and identifying the occurrences of onymization and deonymization of components. The third group of issues uncover the dilemmas that seek solutions. First and foremost, what needs to be resolved is the question of the nature of semi-compound words. If they are to be treated as lexemes, which some of them are, then they cannot be categorized as idioms, and if they are to be treated as phrases that can turn into idioms, then they cannot be categorized as semi-compound words, since the latter represents a term from the area of word-formation.
{"title":"The entry and super-entry in a dictionary of idioms","authors":"Branka Tafra","doi":"10.2298/jfi2102035t","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jfi2102035t","url":null,"abstract":"This discussion of the entry and super-entry is the one that concerns both the internal and external boundaries of the idiom and the identity of the idiom and its components. It gives rise to three groups of issues. The first group includes the theoretical solutions that have already been implemented in Croatian idiomatic lexicography, which constitute a significant shift in comparison to the previous state of linguistic knowledge. The greatest shift undoubtedly lies in the demarcation between polysemy and conversion and in the introduction of a multiword expression as a super-entry. The second group involves proposing the strategies that can be applied in idiomatic dictionaries, such as drawing a clearer distinction between idiom variation and synonymy and identifying the occurrences of onymization and deonymization of components. The third group of issues uncover the dilemmas that seek solutions. First and foremost, what needs to be resolved is the question of the nature of semi-compound words. If they are to be treated as lexemes, which some of them are, then they cannot be categorized as idioms, and if they are to be treated as phrases that can turn into idioms, then they cannot be categorized as semi-compound words, since the latter represents a term from the area of word-formation.","PeriodicalId":30153,"journal":{"name":"Juznoslovenski Filolog","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78225031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article analyses the use of the indefinite marker jeden ?one? in contemporary Kashubian, which has often been treated simply as an indefinite article in previous studies. A synchronic description has been presented in the first part of this paper, comparing the use of the indefinite marker in Kashubian with that in Polish, Upper Sorbian and German. The second part deals with the diachronic change in Kashubian in this respect. The main conclusion of this paper is that Kashubian has never developed the indefinite article per se, while its usage was far more frequent in the past, which could be explained by the emergence of the German influence.
{"title":"The Kashubian indefinite marker jeden ‘one’ and its grammaticalisation","authors":"Motoki Nomachi","doi":"10.2298/jfi2101097n","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jfi2101097n","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses the use of the indefinite marker jeden ?one? in contemporary Kashubian, which has often been treated simply as an indefinite article in previous studies. A synchronic description has been presented in the first part of this paper, comparing the use of the indefinite marker in Kashubian with that in Polish, Upper Sorbian and German. The second part deals with the diachronic change in Kashubian in this respect. The main conclusion of this paper is that Kashubian has never developed the indefinite article per se, while its usage was far more frequent in the past, which could be explained by the emergence of the German influence.","PeriodicalId":30153,"journal":{"name":"Juznoslovenski Filolog","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75349374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The word mazija ?steel; forging ingot; a kind of ordeal which required plucking red-hot iron from a cauldron of boiling water? is common in the western part of the Shtokavian dialect continuum. Its area includes the Zeta-Raska, the Eastern Herzegovinian and the Younger Ikavian dialect, the first of the Old Shtokavian and the other two of the Neo-Shtokavian type. There are no attestations of this word earlier than the first half of the 18th century. So far, it has been mainly believed to share a common origin with the homonymous mazija ?oak gall? from Turkish maz? id. This stance is hardly acceptable in view of the fact that not only the meanings of the two words but also their geographical distributions strongly diverge, mazija in the oak gall sense being limited to the Kosovo-Resava and Timok-Prizren dialect areas of southern Serbia. The comparison with French maz?e ?refined iron?, is even more doubtful, because this term has been attested only since 1824 and with no known etymology, The true origin of m?zija < maz?ja (gvozdja) should be sought in the late Greek (5th century AD) ????(?)? ??? ??????? ?iron mass shaped by a blacksmith?; the plural form ????? ??????? occurs in a Greek charter issued in 1347 by the Serbian tsar Dusan to the Great Lavra on Mt Athos. Curiously enough, in two Serbian founding charters of the same epoch there is a parallel passage where among other yearly incomes granted to the monastery iron ingots are mentioned, designated here by the gen. pl. nad'('), with complements gvozd(i)ja ?of iron? and m?r?nyh' ?of a standard weight?. The term is Slavic nada or nado, derivative from
mazzija这个词?钢;锻造锭;一种需要从一锅沸水中拔出烧红的铁的考验?在什托卡维亚方言连续体的西部很常见。它的地区包括Zeta-Raska，东黑塞哥维那和年轻的伊卡维安方言，第一个是旧什托卡维安方言，另外两个是新什托卡维安方言。在18世纪上半叶之前，没有关于这个词的证据。到目前为止，人们主要认为它与同名的mazzija(橡树瘿)有共同的起源。源自土耳其语maz?id。这种立场是很难接受的，因为不仅这两个词的意思不同，而且它们的地理分布也有很大的不同，橡木桶意义上的mazija仅限于塞尔维亚南部的科索沃-雷萨瓦和Timok-Prizren方言地区。与法国maz的比较?精炼铁?更令人怀疑的是，因为这个词直到1824年才被证实，而且没有已知的词源。Zija < maz?ja (gvozdja)应该在希腊晚期(公元5世纪)????(?)?? ?? ?由铁匠锻造的铁块;复数形式?????? ?出现在1347年塞尔维亚沙皇杜桑发给阿陀斯山大修道院的希腊宪章中。奇怪的是，在同一时期的两份塞尔维亚建国宪章中，有一段平行的段落提到，在授予修道院的其他年收入中，有一段提到了铁锭，在这里由gen. pli . nad'(')指定，并补充了gvozd(i)ja ?和m r ?标准重量的Nyh ' ?这个词是斯拉夫语nada或nado，衍生自
{"title":"The origin of the word mazija ‘steel’","authors":"Aleksandar Loma","doi":"10.2298/jfi2101009l","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jfi2101009l","url":null,"abstract":"The word mazija ?steel; forging ingot; a kind of ordeal which required plucking red-hot iron from a cauldron of boiling water? is common in the western part of the Shtokavian dialect continuum. Its area includes the Zeta-Raska, the Eastern Herzegovinian and the Younger Ikavian dialect, the first of the Old Shtokavian and the other two of the Neo-Shtokavian type. There are no attestations of this word earlier than the first half of the 18th century. So far, it has been mainly believed to share a common origin with the homonymous mazija ?oak gall? from Turkish maz? id. This stance is hardly acceptable in view of the fact that not only the meanings of the two words but also their geographical distributions strongly diverge, mazija in the oak gall sense being limited to the Kosovo-Resava and Timok-Prizren dialect areas of southern Serbia. The comparison with French maz?e ?refined iron?, is even more doubtful, because this term has been attested only since 1824 and with no known etymology, The true origin of m?zija < maz?ja (gvozdja) should be sought in the late Greek (5th century AD) ????(?)? ??? ??????? ?iron mass shaped by a blacksmith?; the plural form ????? ??????? occurs in a Greek charter issued in 1347 by the Serbian tsar Dusan to the Great Lavra on Mt Athos. Curiously enough, in two Serbian founding charters of the same epoch there is a parallel passage where among other yearly incomes granted to the monastery iron ingots are mentioned, designated here by the gen. pl. nad'('), with complements gvozd(i)ja ?of iron? and m?r?nyh' ?of a standard weight?. The term is Slavic nada or nado, derivative from","PeriodicalId":30153,"journal":{"name":"Juznoslovenski Filolog","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73352777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper introduces the most important theoretical and methodological works (monographs, studies, and textbooks) that have set the course for word-formation research, especially regarding its methodology, in Slovakia since the latter half of the 20th century, starting with a pioneering monograph by J?n Horeck? entitled Slovotvorn? s?stava slovenciny [Slovak Word-Formation System] (1959), followed by the works of other distinguished scholars (J. Furd?k, K. Buz?ssyov?, M. Sokolov?, ?. Lipt?kov?, M. N?b?lkov?, etc.). Special attention is also paid to the works dealing with the development of word-formation, derivational semantics and onomasiology, word-formation research in relation to other branches of language and linguistics (lexicology and lexicography, morphemics, morphonology, morphology, syntax, theory of the text), as well as to the research focused on compounding.
本文介绍了自20世纪下半叶以来在斯洛伐克为构词法研究(尤其是构词法研究)设定路线的最重要的理论和方法著作(专著、研究和教科书)，首先是J?n Horeck ?题为Slovotvorn ?年代?stava slovenciny[斯洛伐克语构词系统](1959)，随后其他杰出学者(J. ford ?k, k，巴斯?，ssyov?索科洛夫先生?,吗?。Lipt kov ?尼古拉?尼古拉?等)。特别关注构词法的发展，衍生语义学和象声学，构词法研究与语言和语言学的其他分支(词汇学和词典学，语素学，形态学，形态学，句法，文本理论)，以及以复合为重点的研究。
{"title":"From the modern history of word-formation research in Slovak studies","authors":"M. Ološtiak","doi":"10.2298/jfi2102075o","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jfi2102075o","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces the most important theoretical and methodological works (monographs, studies, and textbooks) that have set the course for word-formation research, especially regarding its methodology, in Slovakia since the latter half of the 20th century, starting with a pioneering monograph by J?n Horeck? entitled Slovotvorn? s?stava slovenciny [Slovak Word-Formation System] (1959), followed by the works of other distinguished scholars (J. Furd?k, K. Buz?ssyov?, M. Sokolov?, ?. Lipt?kov?, M. N?b?lkov?, etc.). Special attention is also paid to the works dealing with the development of word-formation, derivational semantics and onomasiology, word-formation research in relation to other branches of language and linguistics (lexicology and lexicography, morphemics, morphonology, morphology, syntax, theory of the text), as well as to the research focused on compounding.","PeriodicalId":30153,"journal":{"name":"Juznoslovenski Filolog","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85378782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article presents the selected problems to do with the description of hierarchical relations in the area of word-formation. Hierarchy as a form of categorizing the linguistic reality, reduced to the word-formation framework, delimits two larger thematic areas related to the polysemy of the very term of word-formation in Polish. The first concerns the selection of topics and their respective ordering of the individual word-formation mechanisms described in derivatological research, while the second involves the implementation of hierarchies and hierarchical meanings in the investigated language. This paper mainly focuses on the first aspect that concerns the issue of hierarchy in Polish word-formation descriptions.
{"title":"Hierarchy in derivatological description - selected problems","authors":"Paweł Kowalski","doi":"10.2298/jfi2102061k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jfi2102061k","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the selected problems to do with the description of hierarchical relations in the area of word-formation. Hierarchy as a form of categorizing the linguistic reality, reduced to the word-formation framework, delimits two larger thematic areas related to the polysemy of the very term of word-formation in Polish. The first concerns the selection of topics and their respective ordering of the individual word-formation mechanisms described in derivatological research, while the second involves the implementation of hierarchies and hierarchical meanings in the investigated language. This paper mainly focuses on the first aspect that concerns the issue of hierarchy in Polish word-formation descriptions.","PeriodicalId":30153,"journal":{"name":"Juznoslovenski Filolog","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89313598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
From the perspective of the theory of lexicographic functions, this paper analyses in a metalexicographic manner the system of processing inflection data on the verbs of the Serbian language in M. Benson?s SerboCroatian-English Dictionary (BENSON 1993). The processing system is perceived through the prism of the needs of users whose native language is not Serbian in three situations: reception, production (which includes translation situations) and the situation in which the dictionary is used for gaining knowledge on verb inflection in the Serbian language. In the analysis of the dictionary, it has been noted that the processing system is made up of four lexicographic methods: 1) inflected forms of the verbs with a suppletive present base form and apophony in that base compared to the infinitive base form were included as headwords of particular dictionary entries with cross-references to the infinitive, but this was not done systematically and consistently; 2) as for the thematic verbs which are included in 36 separate accentual-conjugation types, type marks were provided with the verb, with cross-references to the introductory pages of the dictionary, where those marks were textually interpreted; 3) as for the thematic verbs which are not included in the aforementioned types, as well as all athematic verbs, inflection data were listed in the grammar section immediately after the headword; 4) for a smaller number of verbs, the model verb from which the inflection data should be analogically derived is listed in the dictionary entry itself. However, if a sound change in the present tense appears in verbs to which the third and fourth lexicographic method was applied, then a partial paradigm of the present tense in its full or shortened form was provided before the cross-reference to the typical verb in the form of a mark or a specific verb. The analysis showed that the first aforementioned lexicographic method meets the reception-related needs of the users of Benson?s dictionary. However, considering that it was not consistently applied, it does not satisfy those needs in all cases. The remaining three methods completely meet production-related needs, but it remains uncertain whether the applied methods are clear to the average user and, if so, to what extent. Therefore, the paper also offers a simplified version of Benson?s system of processing verb inflection, which would be more harmonized with the users? needs. However, Benson?s dictionary cannot serve as a handbook for gaining knowledge on verb inflection in the Serbian language, because the introductory pages and the grammatical appendix neither offer the rules on the formation of verb forms nor include complete paradigms of basic inflection types. The results of the analysis in the conclusion are applied to the draft of a new, proposed, French-Serbian dictionary, which additionally points to the advantages and shortcomings of applied lexicographic m
{"title":"The system of processing verb inflection in Benson’s dictionary","authors":"Sanja Marjanović","doi":"10.2298/jfi2102201m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jfi2102201m","url":null,"abstract":"From the perspective of the theory of lexicographic functions, this paper analyses in a metalexicographic manner the system of processing inflection data on the verbs of the Serbian language in M. Benson?s SerboCroatian-English Dictionary (BENSON 1993). The processing system is perceived through the prism of the needs of users whose native language is not Serbian in three situations: reception, production (which includes translation situations) and the situation in which the dictionary is used for gaining knowledge on verb inflection in the Serbian language. In the analysis of the dictionary, it has been noted that the processing system is made up of four lexicographic methods: 1) inflected forms of the verbs with a suppletive present base form and apophony in that base compared to the infinitive base form were included as headwords of particular dictionary entries with cross-references to the infinitive, but this was not done systematically and consistently; 2) as for the thematic verbs which are included in 36 separate accentual-conjugation types, type marks were provided with the verb, with cross-references to the introductory pages of the dictionary, where those marks were textually interpreted; 3) as for the thematic verbs which are not included in the aforementioned types, as well as all athematic verbs, inflection data were listed in the grammar section immediately after the headword; 4) for a smaller number of verbs, the model verb from which the inflection data should be analogically derived is listed in the dictionary entry itself. However, if a sound change in the present tense appears in verbs to which the third and fourth lexicographic method was applied, then a partial paradigm of the present tense in its full or shortened form was provided before the cross-reference to the typical verb in the form of a mark or a specific verb. The analysis showed that the first aforementioned lexicographic method meets the reception-related needs of the users of Benson?s dictionary. However, considering that it was not consistently applied, it does not satisfy those needs in all cases. The remaining three methods completely meet production-related needs, but it remains uncertain whether the applied methods are clear to the average user and, if so, to what extent. Therefore, the paper also offers a simplified version of Benson?s system of processing verb inflection, which would be more harmonized with the users? needs. However, Benson?s dictionary cannot serve as a handbook for gaining knowledge on verb inflection in the Serbian language, because the introductory pages and the grammatical appendix neither offer the rules on the formation of verb forms nor include complete paradigms of basic inflection types. The results of the analysis in the conclusion are applied to the draft of a new, proposed, French-Serbian dictionary, which additionally points to the advantages and shortcomings of applied lexicographic m","PeriodicalId":30153,"journal":{"name":"Juznoslovenski Filolog","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88871592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The author of this paper explains the interpretation of types of homonyms (homophones and homographs), based on the epic Stephen the Little by the Serbian poet Petar II Petrovic Njegos, dating from the epoch of Romanticism. The analysis includes grammatical homonyms, where homonymy is established by individual word forms created through the motion of nouns and their base forms, and paradigmatic homonyms, where homonymy is established by a whole system of word forms created by semantic formation. The analysis also encompasses material from the epics The Mountain Wreath and The Ray of the Microcosm, and certain poems by Njegos.
{"title":"Lexical homonymy as a problem of linguistic textology (Based on Njegos’s Epic Stephen the Little)","authors":"N. R. Marojević","doi":"10.2298/jfi2101051m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jfi2101051m","url":null,"abstract":"The author of this paper explains the interpretation of types of homonyms (homophones and homographs), based on the epic Stephen the Little by the Serbian poet Petar II Petrovic Njegos, dating from the epoch of Romanticism. The analysis includes grammatical homonyms, where homonymy is established by individual word forms created through the motion of nouns and their base forms, and paradigmatic homonyms, where homonymy is established by a whole system of word forms created by semantic formation. The analysis also encompasses material from the epics The Mountain Wreath and The Ray of the Microcosm, and certain poems by Njegos.","PeriodicalId":30153,"journal":{"name":"Juznoslovenski Filolog","volume":"150 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81136435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this research is the pejorative connotation of lexemes denoting and qualifying people in the contemporary Serbian language. These nominal units with negative expressive tonality have a specific semantic structure where, apart from denotative components, connotative semantic components - evaluative, expressive and emotional semes - play a significant function in the forming of their lexical meaning. Pejorative terms for people have been analysed from different points of view, such as lexical-semantic, derivative and linguo-cultural at some points. The main goal was to establish parameters having a negative impact on certain individuals or social groups within the Serbian cultural and linguistic background - to reveal the collective negative assessment based on different associations, stereotypes, beliefs and prejudice incorporated in the Serbian linguistic and social community. The choice of speaker?s nomination units used to point to one?s ethnical or religious beliefs, age, sexual orientation, social or financial status, physical or intellectual shortcomings, mental handicap, personal characteristics, etc. is the index of the person?s negative and contemptuous emotional attitude to the members of the linguistic community within the aforementioned marks. Therefore, the classification of lexemes in this research is primarily based on the semantic criterion, where we have defined seven thematic categories of pejorative terms. On the other hand, we were also interested in some structural (derivative) characteristics of derogatory nouns referring to people in the Serbian language. It has been established that the pejorative meaning might be a product of semantic and affixal derivation. The traditional approach to studying lexical meaning in this research is related to the cognitive approach, combining componential and conceptual methods of analysis with the descriptive method.
{"title":"Pejorative terms for people in the Serbian language","authors":"B. Jovanović","doi":"10.2298/jfi2101127j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jfi2101127j","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research is the pejorative connotation of lexemes denoting and qualifying people in the contemporary Serbian language. These nominal units with negative expressive tonality have a specific semantic structure where, apart from denotative components, connotative semantic components - evaluative, expressive and emotional semes - play a significant function in the forming of their lexical meaning. Pejorative terms for people have been analysed from different points of view, such as lexical-semantic, derivative and linguo-cultural at some points. The main goal was to establish parameters having a negative impact on certain individuals or social groups within the Serbian cultural and linguistic background - to reveal the collective negative assessment based on different associations, stereotypes, beliefs and prejudice incorporated in the Serbian linguistic and social community. The choice of speaker?s nomination units used to point to one?s ethnical or religious beliefs, age, sexual orientation, social or financial status, physical or intellectual shortcomings, mental handicap, personal characteristics, etc. is the index of the person?s negative and contemptuous emotional attitude to the members of the linguistic community within the aforementioned marks. Therefore, the classification of lexemes in this research is primarily based on the semantic criterion, where we have defined seven thematic categories of pejorative terms. On the other hand, we were also interested in some structural (derivative) characteristics of derogatory nouns referring to people in the Serbian language. It has been established that the pejorative meaning might be a product of semantic and affixal derivation. The traditional approach to studying lexical meaning in this research is related to the cognitive approach, combining componential and conceptual methods of analysis with the descriptive method.","PeriodicalId":30153,"journal":{"name":"Juznoslovenski Filolog","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84494330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Previous research on the associative relations of adjectives is not unanimous in terms of whether participants more often respond by using nouns or adjectives in free association tests. On the other hand, when it comes to paradigmatic associative relationships, researchers agree that native speakers respond to adjective stimuli mostly by associations of opposite meaning, but generally do not state the percentage, since conclusions are often made on the basis of the dominant associate, and not upon the entire associative field. Therefore, 45 associative fields of adjectives of the Serbian language are analyzed based on the material obtained from two associative dictionaries, prepared on the basis of the responses of 800 participants (ranging from 18 to 25 years of age) and 1,200 participants of different ages (groups of 5, 9, 13 and 17 years of age, each of which comprised 300 participants). The aim of this study is to examine the ratio of syntagmatic and paradigmatic associations of adjectives, as well as the paradigmatic type of relation between the adjective-type stimuli and their associates (the closeness and the oppositeness of meaning and other types of associative relations). The material was annotated according to parts of speech, as well as according to the types of associative relations. The quantitative results showed that the associations of examined adjectives are slightly more frequently syntagmatic (52%) than paradigmatic (44%), while the oppositeness of meaning proved to be the most common as well as the strongest associative relation of commonly used adjectives of the Serbian language.
{"title":"Associative relations of Serbian adjectives in the free association verbal test","authors":"Milena Jakić-Šimšić","doi":"10.2298/jfi2102185j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jfi2102185j","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research on the associative relations of adjectives is not unanimous in terms of whether participants more often respond by using nouns or adjectives in free association tests. On the other hand, when it comes to paradigmatic associative relationships, researchers agree that native speakers respond to adjective stimuli mostly by associations of opposite meaning, but generally do not state the percentage, since conclusions are often made on the basis of the dominant associate, and not upon the entire associative field. Therefore, 45 associative fields of adjectives of the Serbian language are analyzed based on the material obtained from two associative dictionaries, prepared on the basis of the responses of 800 participants (ranging from 18 to 25 years of age) and 1,200 participants of different ages (groups of 5, 9, 13 and 17 years of age, each of which comprised 300 participants). The aim of this study is to examine the ratio of syntagmatic and paradigmatic associations of adjectives, as well as the paradigmatic type of relation between the adjective-type stimuli and their associates (the closeness and the oppositeness of meaning and other types of associative relations). The material was annotated according to parts of speech, as well as according to the types of associative relations. The quantitative results showed that the associations of examined adjectives are slightly more frequently syntagmatic (52%) than paradigmatic (44%), while the oppositeness of meaning proved to be the most common as well as the strongest associative relation of commonly used adjectives of the Serbian language.","PeriodicalId":30153,"journal":{"name":"Juznoslovenski Filolog","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86952124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a proposed compilation of a dictionary of values in the Serbian language, which is to be based on the existing findings of the Lublin branch of Polish cognitive ethnolinguistics, of Russian ideography and conceptology, as well as of Serbian traditional reconstructivist ethnolinguistics and more recent ethnolinguistics of cognitive orientation. It contains a critical overview of the aforementioned findings and indicates the unresolved issues, which in the event of the realization of the proposed dictionary would be resolved in the course of project proposal and during all the stages of the preparation and compilation of the dictionary, ranging from building the corpus, defining the list of entries - axiological concepts, their typology, their categorization, the list of entries in the dictionary, their cross-referencing and procedures in their lexicographic treatment. It is pointed out that the compilation of a Serbian axiological dictionary would not only fill a void in contemporary Serbian lexicography, but also make it part and parcel of the current trends in Slavic conceptology and conceptography. Broader impact of the compilation of a dictionary of this type could be seen in the area of interdisciplinary and cognitive treatment and investigations of Serbian linguistic resources, which, through their written and electronic sources related to all spheres of human existence, notably in the fields of ethnography, ethnology and culture, offer invaluable evidence for reconstructing axiological concepts and uncovering a value system, both universal and nationalspecific, which distinguishes Serbian language and culture from the other ones. Thus, at the general linguistic and culturological plane, a dictionary of this type would enable us to compare the specificities of Serbian values with those pertaining to other languages and cultures, both at the level of closely-related Slavic languages and other, non-Slavic ones.
{"title":"Axiological dictionary of the Serbian language - a proposal for its compilation","authors":"S. Ristic, Ivana Lazic-Konjik","doi":"10.2298/jfi2102105r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jfi2102105r","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a proposed compilation of a dictionary of values in the Serbian language, which is to be based on the existing findings of the Lublin branch of Polish cognitive ethnolinguistics, of Russian ideography and conceptology, as well as of Serbian traditional reconstructivist ethnolinguistics and more recent ethnolinguistics of cognitive orientation. It contains a critical overview of the aforementioned findings and indicates the unresolved issues, which in the event of the realization of the proposed dictionary would be resolved in the course of project proposal and during all the stages of the preparation and compilation of the dictionary, ranging from building the corpus, defining the list of entries - axiological concepts, their typology, their categorization, the list of entries in the dictionary, their cross-referencing and procedures in their lexicographic treatment. It is pointed out that the compilation of a Serbian axiological dictionary would not only fill a void in contemporary Serbian lexicography, but also make it part and parcel of the current trends in Slavic conceptology and conceptography. Broader impact of the compilation of a dictionary of this type could be seen in the area of interdisciplinary and cognitive treatment and investigations of Serbian linguistic resources, which, through their written and electronic sources related to all spheres of human existence, notably in the fields of ethnography, ethnology and culture, offer invaluable evidence for reconstructing axiological concepts and uncovering a value system, both universal and nationalspecific, which distinguishes Serbian language and culture from the other ones. Thus, at the general linguistic and culturological plane, a dictionary of this type would enable us to compare the specificities of Serbian values with those pertaining to other languages and cultures, both at the level of closely-related Slavic languages and other, non-Slavic ones.","PeriodicalId":30153,"journal":{"name":"Juznoslovenski Filolog","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84874647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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