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A view of Serbian authored lexicography 塞尔维亚语编撰词典的观点
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/jfi2202697j
Nedjo Josic
Serbian authored lexicography today slightly lags behind the achievements typical of foreign, primarily Russian linguistic scene. The existing dictionaries encompass the poetical works of Petar II Petrovic Njegos (Dictionary of the Language of Petar II Petrovic Njegos), poetry of Milan Rakic (Dictionary of the Poetry of Milan Rakic) and the opus of stories of Laza K. Lazarevic (Dictionary of Stories of Laza Lazarevic). Dictionaries to do with the language of these men of letters are of descriptive kind, and they heavily rely on the lexicographic achievements related to the Belgrade school of lexicography. The dictionaries had an aim to present not only the entire lexicon, individual lexical profile of the said authors, but also their linguistic (lexical) idiosyncrasy. Lexicon of Adjectives in the Serbian Prose of the Twentieth Century does not fit into the mainstream of Serbian authored lexicography. In terms of expertise, the Lexicon showed certain shortcomings, but it is undeniably original and has practical relevance for studying the prose writers of the 20th century. Since the advent of new forms of presenting the lexis of particular authors (concordance and word frequency dictionaries), the field of Serbian authored lexicography has been greatly expanding.
今天,塞尔维亚人撰写的词典编纂略落后于典型的外国,主要是俄罗斯语言场景的成就。现有的词典包括Petar II Petrovic Njegos的诗歌作品(Petar II Petrovic Njegos语言词典),Milan Rakic的诗歌(Milan Rakic诗歌词典)和Laza K. Lazarevic的故事作品(Laza Lazarevic故事词典)。与这些文人语言有关的词典是描述性的,它们严重依赖于与贝尔格莱德词典编纂学派有关的词典编纂成就。词典的目的是不仅要呈现整个词典,个人的词汇档案的作者,但他们的语言(词汇)特质。《二十世纪塞尔维亚语散文中的形容词词典》并不符合塞尔维亚语词典编纂的主流。就专业知识而言,《词典》存在一定的不足,但不可否认,它具有独创性,对研究20世纪散文作家具有现实意义。自从出现了呈现特定作者词汇的新形式(一致性词典和词频词典)以来,塞尔维亚语编撰词典的领域得到了极大的扩展。
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引用次数: 0
The hypertext of a news item through the prism of media linguistics 从媒介语言学的角度看新闻的超文本
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/jfi2201079d
L. Duskajeva, Lyubov Ivanova
This paper analyzes the hypermedia text of a news item by means of media linguistic analysis. The heuristic value of an interdisciplinary approach underlying media linguistic analysis consists primarily in the allocation of units suitable for the analysis of media communication. These units are the result of an activity-based delimitation of the speech flow, consisting of professional mass media speech and non-professional one, i.e. online group dialogues. The analysis reveals a smooth transition from professional, i.e. socio-oriented communication, to non-professional, i.e. personalityoriented communication. The latter type of communication is a polylogue, which is engendered in the form of comments in response to published news. The analysis confirms our data obtained earlier, as well as those of other researchers who present the hypermedia news in the form of a wave that includes several periods due to uneven activity in the receipt of messages. In accordance with the dominant modality in the texts, these periods are divided into those of reporting, evaluation and stimulation.
本文运用媒介语言分析的方法对某新闻的超媒体文本进行分析。媒介语言分析的跨学科方法的启发式价值主要在于分配适合媒介传播分析的单位。这些单元是基于活动的言语流划分的结果,包括专业的大众媒体话语和非专业的,即在线群体对话。分析揭示了从专业的,即社会导向的沟通到非专业的,即个性导向的沟通的平稳过渡。后一种类型的传播是一种多语,它以回应已发表新闻的评论形式产生。该分析证实了我们之前获得的数据,以及其他研究人员的数据,他们以波的形式呈现超媒体新闻,其中包括由于接收信息活动不均匀而产生的几个周期。根据文本的主导形态,这些阶段分为报告阶段、评价阶段和刺激阶段。
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引用次数: 0
About intentional sentences in the Serbian language 关于塞尔维亚语中的意向性句子
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/jfi2202557r
Vladislava Ruzic
The paper discusses main structural models and submodels of the clauses with the general meaning of purpose, most commonly with the conjunctions da (with the present tense or potential) and kako (with the potential), as well as complex conjunctions ne bi li, and e/da. The analysis is done mostly on the corpus of contemporary Serbian writers, and various criteria are combined for the typology, in order to provide a complete overview of their status in the system of complex sentences. Intentional clauses with the potential are marked by a greater level of uncertainty as regards achieving the goal, while the intentional clauses with the conjunction da (followed by the present tense) are unmarked in that sense, since they refer to actions which are more certain, as they are not dependent upon the will of the subject, but upon the ?xpected/unexpected results of a previous event.
本文讨论了具有一般目的意义的从句的主要结构模式和子模式,最常见的是连词da(带现在时或潜在时态)和kako(带潜在时态),以及复杂连词ne bi li和e/da。分析主要是对当代塞尔维亚作家的语料库进行的,并将各种标准结合起来进行类型学分析,以便对他们在复句系统中的地位提供一个完整的概述。具有潜在意向的从句在实现目标方面具有更大程度的不确定性,而带有连接词da(后跟现在时)的意向从句在这个意义上没有标记,因为它们指的是更确定的行为,因为它们不依赖于主语的意志,而是依赖于先前事件的预期/意外结果。
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引用次数: 0
Church slavonic word-formation elements in serbian vernaculars (the suffix -ije) 塞尔维亚方言中的教会斯拉夫语构词元素(后缀-ije)
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/jfi2202241b
Marta Bjeletić
This paper deals with Serbian dialectal neuter gender nouns with the suffix -ije. The focus is not on the Church Slavonic borrowings, but on the domestic nouns formed according to a Church Slavonic word-formation model. They can be derived from verbs of various types (perfect and imperfect, transitive and intransitive, reflexive and non-reflexive), and in most cases they do not have Church Slavonic counterparts. These nouns are classified into several semantic groups: terms for meteorological phaenomena (ogrijanije, osvitanije, pometenije), nomina actionis (rktanije), terms for realia (sklepanije). However, most of them denote abstract concepts related to moral, existential and emotional spheres (preobrazenije, skapanije, po?ecenije). The nouns of this word-formation type are often used in collocations (u ogrijanije suncano, puklo mu je skapanije) and in specific contexts, such as oaths and curses (onoga mi ogrejanija, na usjecenije mu bilo). The special function of considered nouns is to emphasize expressiveness. Thanks to the suffix -ije, they are perceived as marked and used when the meaning of their unmarked counterparts has to be intensified.
本文研究了塞尔维亚方言中带有-ije后缀的中性名词。重点不是教会斯拉夫语的借用,而是根据教会斯拉夫语构词模式形成的国内名词。它们可以来源于各种类型的动词(完成和不完成,及物和不及物,自反和非自反),在大多数情况下,它们没有对应的教会斯拉夫语。这些名词被分为几个语义组:气象现象术语(ogrijanije, osvitanije, pometenije),名义行为术语(rktanije),现实术语(sklepanije)。然而,它们大多表示与道德、存在和情感领域有关的抽象概念(preobrazenije、skapanije、po?这种构词类型的名词通常用于搭配(u ogrijanije suncano, puklo mu je skapanije)和特定的语境中,如誓言和诅咒(onoga mi ogrejanija, na usjecenije mu bilo)。考虑名词的特殊功能是强调表现力。由于后缀-ije,它们被认为是有标记的,当它们的未标记对应物的意义必须加强时,它们就被使用。
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引用次数: 0
History of Serbian linguistic Russian studies in the opus of Academician Predrag Piper 派珀院士著作中的塞尔维亚语俄语研究历史
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/jfi2202085k
Кsenija Koncarevic
The paper deals with the work of Academician Predrag Piper (1950-2021) on the historiography of Slavic science, primarily Serbian linguistic Russian studies. The works of other Russianists who dealt with this issue are pointed out, followed by Academician Piper?s contribution to this field in the domain of creating integral bibliographic descriptions for the time period from 1945 to 2000, as well as to the field of critical analysis and evaluation of research preoccupations and results of our Russianists from Radovan Kosutic till the end of the 20th century, as well as in terms of revision of previously accepted views on the beginning of teaching Russian in Serbian schools. It is stated that Academician Piper made an outstanding contribution to the historiography of Serbian linguistic Russian studies with the vast range of topics covered, variety of applied methods (chronological, personal, methodological, organizational approach), supporting all his arguments and statements with extensive bibliographic references and the ability to refute some views which had, prior to his research, been generally accepted in domestic and European Russian studies.
本文涉及院士Predrag Piper(1950-2021)在斯拉夫科学史学方面的工作,主要是塞尔维亚语俄语研究。指出了其他俄国学者处理这一问题的著作,随后是派珀?他对这一领域的贡献包括为1945年至2000年的时期创建完整的书目描述,以及对从拉多万·科苏蒂奇(Radovan Kosutic)到20世纪末的俄罗斯学者的研究重点和成果进行批判性分析和评估,以及修订之前接受的关于塞尔维亚学校开始教授俄语的观点。有人指出,派珀院士对塞尔维亚语俄语研究的史学作出了杰出的贡献,他涵盖了广泛的主题,各种应用方法(时间顺序,个人,方法,组织方法),以广泛的参考书目支持他的所有论点和陈述,并有能力反驳在他的研究之前在国内和欧洲俄语研究中普遍接受的一些观点。
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引用次数: 0
On a particular usage of the locative and accusative cases in Burgenland Croatian 论布尔根兰克罗地亚语中位置格和宾格的特殊用法
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/jfi2202383n
Motoki Nomachi
This article discusses the semantics and syntax of bare locative and accusative cases, such as ona je ? crikviloc. (lit.: She is church, ?She is in church?) and ona gre ? crikvuacc. (lit.: She goes church, ?She goes to church?) in Burgenland Croatian. Previous studies have indicated the existence of such phenomena in this language but have not analyzed the specific semantic and grammatical features of these constructions in historical and typological contexts. The author describes the specific usage of the previously mentioned constructions to demonstrate the conditions in which they are used. The article then considers whether the constructions are relics from Proto-Slavic, inherited from North Cakavian, or a later development in Burgenland. As a result of the analysis, the author concludes tentatively that the constructions in question emerged independently in Burgenland.
本文讨论了裸位格和宾格的语义和语法,如ona je ?crikviloc。(直译:她在教堂,她在教堂?)crikvuacc。(文学:她去教堂,?她去教堂?)在布尔根兰克罗地亚语。以往的研究表明这种现象在汉语中存在,但没有分析这些结构在历史和类型语境中的具体语义和语法特征。作者描述了前面提到的结构的具体用法,以说明它们被使用的条件。然后,文章考虑了这些建筑是来自原斯拉夫的遗迹,还是来自北卡卡维亚的遗产,或者是布尔根兰后来的发展。作为分析的结果,作者初步得出结论,这些建筑是在布尔根兰独立出现的。
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引用次数: 0
Structure and semantics of derived verbs of behaviour in the Russian language 俄语派生行为动词的结构与语义
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/jfi2201103f
V. G. Fatkhutdinova
This article deals with Russian derived verbs of behaviour, formed on the basis of substantive and adjectival stems by means of suffixation. The aim of the analysis is to identify and characterize the structural, lexical and designative specificity of this class of words from the derivational-semantic aspect. The study showed that the four word-formation models that are the most productive and popular in Russian speech are those that include suffixes-nicha(t?), -stvova(t?), -i(t?), and -ova(t?), within which the explication of ?behavioural semantics? takes place. Lexical derivation is accompanied by active metaphorization, as a result of which the verbal lexeme acquires expressive-evaluative connotation (often pejorative) and functional and stylistic marking (?colloquial? or ?bookish?). The article characterizes motivational relations and lexical and word-formation semantics of verbs formed according to a particular model and reveals their designative-evaluative and regulative function. Verbs of behaving and acting reflect stereotypical ideas of native speakers of Russian about desirable, exemplary or undesirable, socially proscribed forms of human interaction with the surrounding world. Their derivational dynamics allows for objectification of basic moral and ethical meanings and deontic norms in the mental and cultural space of the Russian language, which indicates the axiological component of the process of verb designation.
本文研究了俄语衍生的行为动词,这些行为动词是在实体词干和形容词词干的基础上通过后缀形成的。分析的目的是从派生语义的角度来识别和表征这类词的结构、词汇和指示的特殊性。研究表明,俄语语言中最有效和最受欢迎的四种构词模型是那些包含后缀的构词模型——nicha(t?)、-stvova(t?)、-i(t?)和-ova(t?),在这些构词模型中,对行为语义的解释?发生。词汇衍生伴随着主动隐喻,因此,言语词汇获得了表达性评价的内涵(通常是贬义的)和功能和风格的标记(口语的)。或者书呆子?)。本文分析了按特定模式形成的动词的动机关系、词汇语义和构词语义,揭示了它们的指示-评价和调节功能。行为动词和行为动词反映了俄语母语者对人类与周围世界互动的理想、模范或不受欢迎、社会上被禁止的形式的刻板印象。它们的衍生动力允许在俄语的精神和文化空间中客观化基本的道德和伦理意义和道义规范,这表明了动词指定过程的价值论成分。
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引用次数: 0
The ethics of the scholar and Professor Predrag Piper 学者和教授的道德标准
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/jfi2202069r
M. Reljic
The paper discusses the ethical principles of Professor Predrag Piper expressed in his memoir books, scientific books, articles and interviews. The meaning of human life presented in Predrag Piper?s work, at the center of which is the idea of virtue, is here considered through the prism of Aristotle?s practical philosophy, on the one hand, and from the aspect of his deeply-rooted Orthodox Christian view of the world, on the other. By striving for truth, goodness and beauty, by his perseverance, selfl essness, demands on himself and others, by creating mutual respect and trust, and by many other qualities of a scholar and pedagogue based on the highest standards of research and enlightenment that were evident in his work with students and associates, Professor Predrag Piper confirmed the inseparability of his own thoughts and deeds.
本文讨论了派珀教授在回忆录、科学书籍、文章和访谈中所表达的伦理原则。Predrag Piper所呈现的人类生命的意义是什么?他的作品,其核心是美德的理念,在这里是通过亚里士多德的棱镜来考虑的?一方面是他的实践哲学,另一方面是他根深蒂固的东正教世界观。通过对真、善、美的追求,通过他对自己和他人的坚持不懈、无私的要求,通过建立相互尊重和信任,以及在他与学生和同事的工作中显而易见的、基于最高研究和启迪标准的学者和教育者的许多其他品质,派珀教授证实了他自己的思想和行为的不可分割性。
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引用次数: 0
Ergänzungssatz mit subjunktor kad(a) 与kad减弦(a)
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/jfi2201167a
Milivoj Alanović
Diese Forschung wurde mit dem Ziel durchgef?hrt, einen spezifischen semantischen und formalen Typ von Erg?nzungss?tzen aufzuzeigen. Es handelt sich dabei um Strukturen, die vom Subordinator kad(a) eingef?hrt werden, die aber nicht die Rolle von indirekten Frages?tzen haben, was die Unm?glichkeit solche S?tze durch andere Frages?tze umzutauschen best?tigt. Der Erg?nzungs-Charakter der kad-Klausel wird durch das Vorhandensein von Korrelaten betont, wobei die kad-Klaseln auch in ihren nichtkorrelativen Realisierungen im Satz ungehindert eingef?hrt werden k?nnen. Obwohl dieser Beitrag einen ?berblick ?ber die Beziehungen zwischen kad-Frages?tzen und kad-S?tzen mit nichtinterrogativen Bedeutung schildert, nehmen die formalen und bedeutungs Merkmale dieser Art von Erg?nzungssatz den zentralen Platz ein.
这一研究是为了什么而进行的?这是什么饮酒?确定tzen .这些是亚导航员kad(a)安置的结构吗?我们是否应该追求间接的责任?战争是很危险的这类故事?不同的结局?我也是Erg ?这一步的眉毛延时是通过精金分子的不同方式不同的马改先你想知道本子里发生了什么吗?粉碎机和kad ?非制约性的含义包括这类r0的正式和含义吗?委员会在室内
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引用次数: 0
Noun в(иј)енац in phrases with Christian meaning component in the Serbian language (from the viewpoint of lexicographic description) 塞尔维亚语中带有基督教意义成分的短语中的名词(иј)енац(从词典编纂描述的角度)
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/jfi2202745j
Vladan Jovanovic
This paper deals with the noun ?(??)???? in phrases with Christian (biblical) component of meaning in contemporary Serbian language from the lexicographic aspect. The research is founded on the assumption that in the Serbian language there is not only a greater number of phrases containing the noun ?(??)???? with Christian (biblical) component of meaning than those registered in the existing descriptive dictionaries, but also on the fact that the noun ?(??)???? in these realizations represents universal Christian concepts that are, to a greater or lesser extent, described in dictionaries of Slavic languages. Semantic components ?immortality?, ?feat? and ?glory?, which are inherent in the lexical content of expressions motivated by the noun ?(??)????, belong to primarily Christian concepts of martyrdom, being tortured, feats and victory, which at the same time represent their primary meanings. This concretely means that, for example, the expression ????? ????? is firstly labelled as a biblical expression, and then the derived, i.e. phraseological meaning was formed and separately defined. In the former case it is a biblical expression, while in the latter it is a biblicism as a special type of phraseologism. Moreover, by examining equivalent expressions in dictionaries of Slavic languages, where special attention is paid to dictionaries from the Slavic area of Slavia Orthodoxa, it was noticed that the noun ?(??)???? as part of expressions in concrete semantic realizations represents universal Christian concepts which are, to a lesser or greater extent, described in dictionaries of Slavic languages.
本文讨论的是名词?(??)????从词典编纂的角度来看,当代塞尔维亚语中具有基督教(圣经)意义成分的短语。这项研究基于这样的假设:在塞尔维亚语中,不仅有更多的短语包含名词?(?? ?)????与基督教(圣经)成分的意义比那些在现有的描述性词典中登记的,但也基于一个事实,即名词?(?? ?)????在这些实现中,代表了普遍的基督教概念,这些概念或多或少地在斯拉夫语言的词典中有所描述。语义成分?不朽?的壮举?和荣耀?,这是由名词?(??)????所激发的表达的词汇内容所固有的,主要属于基督教的殉道、受尽折磨、功勋和胜利的概念,这些概念同时也代表了它们的主要含义。这具体意味着,例如,表达式?????????? 首先被标记为一个圣经的表达,然后衍生,即短语意义形成和单独定义。在前一种情况下,它是圣经的表达,而在后一种情况下,它是圣经的一种特殊类型的措词。此外,通过检查斯拉夫语言词典中的等价表达,特别注意来自斯拉夫地区的词典,注意到名词?(?? ?)????作为具体语义实现的表达的一部分,代表了普遍的基督教概念,这些概念或多或少地在斯拉夫语言的词典中有所描述。
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引用次数: 0
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Juznoslovenski Filolog
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