This paper offers an overview of various etymologies of the Serbian words jarak and jaruga in etymological dictionaries and scientific articles. The Serbian material is then compared with the corresponding words and their interpretations in other Slavic and neighbouring languages. Based on the etymological analysis, the chronology of attestations, and the areal distribution of lexemes, it is considered whether jarak and jaruga are two related words originating from the same Turkic base - one being derived by a diminutive and the other by an augmentative suffix of Slavic origin (-ak and -uga, respectively), or whether they are two independent loanwords, whose etymons are two unrelated Turkish lexemes.
{"title":"Two early Turkic loanwords in the Slavic languages - jarak and jaruga","authors":"S. Petrovic","doi":"10.2298/jfi2202255p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jfi2202255p","url":null,"abstract":"This paper offers an overview of various etymologies of the Serbian words jarak and jaruga in etymological dictionaries and scientific articles. The Serbian material is then compared with the corresponding words and their interpretations in other Slavic and neighbouring languages. Based on the etymological analysis, the chronology of attestations, and the areal distribution of lexemes, it is considered whether jarak and jaruga are two related words originating from the same Turkic base - one being derived by a diminutive and the other by an augmentative suffix of Slavic origin (-ak and -uga, respectively), or whether they are two independent loanwords, whose etymons are two unrelated Turkish lexemes.","PeriodicalId":30153,"journal":{"name":"Juznoslovenski Filolog","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81130650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper analyzes certain phonological characteristics of the Accounting Ledger Journal of the Church of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul, the document that has been kept under this name in the said church in Arad (under the signature INV 794). The document contains two protocols: the first one that was kept from 1728 until 1782 and the second one kept from 1776 until 1790. This paper analyzes the corpus from the first half of the 18th century (more precisely, the time period from 1728 until 1752). Since this is a text that encompasses two periods on the timeline: (1) the period in which Russian-Slavonic substituted Serbian-Slavonic and (2) the period in which Slavonic-Serbian was established and in which it existed - the basic task of this research is the identification of the language in which the Accounting Ledger Journal was written. In the paper, special attention is paid to the relation between vernacular and literary elements in the analyzed document, as well as to the dependence of their use on various contextual parameters. The analysis of the selected phonological characteristics of the Accounting Ledger Journal of the Church of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul (1728-1752) indicates the chronological matching with the data from previous research of documents with a similar profile on the territory of South Hungary. The fourth and fifth decade is, in fact, the time that saw a more prominent penetration of Russian-Slavonic elements into manuscripts. Their number, however, is not large enough to regard it as a mixed language. The Accounting Ledger Journal as a whole still had a vernacular basis, which confirms the previous assumption concerning the elitization of folk language as the basic model for creating the Slavonic-Serbian language in the manuscripts of the 18th century. The analysis also shows that literary features (Serbian-Slavonic and Russian-Slavonic) were conditioned primarily by the thematic and structural organization of the text, as well as the social stratification of the people mentioned in the aforementioned document.
本文分析了圣使徒彼得和保罗教会的会计分类帐杂志的某些语音特征，该文件以该名称保存在阿拉德的上述教堂(在INV 794签名下)。该文件包含两个协议:第一个协议从1728年保存到1782年，第二个协议从1776年保存到1790年。本文分析了18世纪上半叶(更准确地说，是从1728年到1752年)的语料库。由于这一文本涵盖了时间轴上的两个时期:(1)俄语-斯拉夫语取代塞尔维亚-斯拉夫语的时期和(2)斯拉夫-塞尔维亚语建立和存在的时期-本研究的基本任务是确定《会计总账日记账》写作所用的语言。在本文中，特别关注白话与文学元素在分析文件中的关系，以及它们的使用对各种语境参数的依赖。对圣使徒彼得和保罗教会(1728-1752)的《会计分类帐杂志》(Accounting Ledger Journal of The Church of The Holy Apostles, Peter and Paul)所选语音特征的分析表明，其时间顺序与之前对南匈牙利领土上具有类似概况的文件的研究数据相匹配。事实上，第四个和第五个十年，是俄罗斯-斯拉夫元素在手稿中更加显著渗透的时期。然而，他们的数量还不足以将其视为一种混合语言。《会计分类帐》作为一个整体仍然有一个白话文的基础，这证实了之前的假设，即民间语言的精英化是18世纪手稿中创造斯拉夫-塞尔维亚语的基本模式。分析还表明，文学特征(塞尔维亚斯拉夫语和俄罗斯斯拉夫语)主要是由文本的主题和结构组织以及上述文件中提到的人民的社会分层所决定的。
{"title":"The language of the accounting ledger journal of the church of the holy apostles Peter and Paul in Arad (1728‒1752) - phonological features","authors":"Isidora Bjelakovic","doi":"10.2298/jfi2202287b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jfi2202287b","url":null,"abstract":"The paper analyzes certain phonological characteristics of the Accounting Ledger Journal of the Church of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul, the document that has been kept under this name in the said church in Arad (under the signature INV 794). The document contains two protocols: the first one that was kept from 1728 until 1782 and the second one kept from 1776 until 1790. This paper analyzes the corpus from the first half of the 18th century (more precisely, the time period from 1728 until 1752). Since this is a text that encompasses two periods on the timeline: (1) the period in which Russian-Slavonic substituted Serbian-Slavonic and (2) the period in which Slavonic-Serbian was established and in which it existed - the basic task of this research is the identification of the language in which the Accounting Ledger Journal was written. In the paper, special attention is paid to the relation between vernacular and literary elements in the analyzed document, as well as to the dependence of their use on various contextual parameters. The analysis of the selected phonological characteristics of the Accounting Ledger Journal of the Church of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul (1728-1752) indicates the chronological matching with the data from previous research of documents with a similar profile on the territory of South Hungary. The fourth and fifth decade is, in fact, the time that saw a more prominent penetration of Russian-Slavonic elements into manuscripts. Their number, however, is not large enough to regard it as a mixed language. The Accounting Ledger Journal as a whole still had a vernacular basis, which confirms the previous assumption concerning the elitization of folk language as the basic model for creating the Slavonic-Serbian language in the manuscripts of the 18th century. The analysis also shows that literary features (Serbian-Slavonic and Russian-Slavonic) were conditioned primarily by the thematic and structural organization of the text, as well as the social stratification of the people mentioned in the aforementioned document.","PeriodicalId":30153,"journal":{"name":"Juznoslovenski Filolog","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78972411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper discusses the syntactic-semantic and contextual features of a nonpredicate formal structure as an exponent of the basic temporal clause. It is a type of condensation of an extensive (developed) dependent sentence form that has no features of either nominalization or verbid processes of summarizing sentence formal structures, i.e. their propositions. It is a form of reduction, as a special type of condensation process in which certain elements of the basic sentence are omitted ? as a rule, the predicate constituent or its verb elements as carriers of grammatical data, so it is represented by the primary noun NN, which is in neither derivational nor semantic connection with the verb, and, in this case, in the syntactic connection with the formant KAO. This structure is identical in its formal characteristics to the comparative syntagm, which can develop into a comparative clause with a factual (KAO STO) or counterfactual (KAO DA) conjunction, but differs significantly from it, since it is realized under different lexical and grammatical conditions ? the formant KAO is not an exponent of a complex comparative conjunction, but corresponds to the temporal conjunction KADA (more often) or DOK (much less often). By applying the substitution metalanguage test on typical examples, as well as on the corpus of original linguistic material, the conditions are defined: lexical, syntactic-semantic and contextual, under which the structure KAO NN represents an exponent of the basic developed temporal clause (for example: AS a child, he was mischievous [? WHEN he was a child, he was mischievous]). The analysis showed that the following are responsible for the temporal meaning of this structure: (1) the semantics of the noun NN (nouns denoting the age / period of life, or professional or temporary social status of the animate entity are considered); (2) the relationship between the noun in the structure KAO NN (NN1) and the noun (NN2) in the function of the subject of the matrix sentence / subject of the developed temporal clause, which are identical, and although in appearance NN1 and NN2 are two different nouns, they have the same referent), as well as (3) the identity of the case form of both nouns (most often it is the nominative case in the structure KAO NN1, i.e. as the part of the predicate of temporal clause, and as the subject NN2 in the sentence and in the clause); (4) temporal framework: in terms of relative time, only the relationship of simultaneity (complete or partial) is considered, and in terms of absolute time, the sphere of the past is dominant and rarely and only under certain lexical conditions, the sphere of the future, but the sphere of the present is excluded (both referential and non-referential); (5) positioning: although all three possible positions are available to this structure, preposition in relation to the matrix sentence predominates, and in certain cases it is obligatory.
本文讨论了作为基本时态分句指数的非谓语形式结构的句法语义和语境特征。它是一种扩展的(发达的)依赖句形式的浓缩，既没有名词化的特征，也没有动词过程的特征来总结句子的形式结构，即它们的命题。它是一种还原的形式，作为一种特殊的浓缩过程，在这种浓缩过程中，基本句子的某些元素被省略了。通常，谓语成分或其动词元素是语法数据的载体，因此它由主名词NN表示，它与动词既没有衍生关系，也没有语义联系，在这种情况下，它与构成体KAO有句法联系。这种结构在形式特征上与比较句相同，比较句可以发展成带有事实连词(KAO STO)或反事实连词(KAO DA)的比较句，但与比较句有很大不同，因为它是在不同的词汇和语法条件下实现的。形成峰KAO不是复杂比较连词的指数，而是与时间连词KADA(更常见)或DOK(更不常见)相对应。通过对典型例子和原始语言材料的语料库进行替代元语言测试，定义了词汇、句法语义和语境条件，在这些条件下，KAO NN结构代表了基本发展的时态分句的指数(例如:as a child, he was ous [?]当他还是个孩子的时候，他很淘气。分析表明，以下因素对该结构的时间意义负责:(1)名词NN的语义(表示年龄/生命周期的名词，或有生命实体的专业或临时社会地位);(2)之间的关系结构中的名词花王NN (NN1)和名词(NN2)的函数矩阵/主题的句子的主题开发时间条款,这是相同的,尽管在外表上NN1 NN2是两种不同的名词,它们有相同的referent),以及(3)的身份情况下形式的名词(通常是主格结构拷NN1,即谓语的一部分时间条款,(在句子和从句中作主语);(4)时间框架:就相对时间而言，只考虑同时性(完全或部分)的关系，就绝对时间而言，过去的领域占主导地位，很少且仅在某些词汇条件下，未来的领域占主导地位，但现在的领域被排除在外(指涉和非指涉);(5)定位:虽然这三种可能的位置都适用于这个结构，介词与矩阵句的关系占主导地位，在某些情况下，它是强制性的。
{"title":"One type of condensation of the temporal clause in the Serbian language","authors":"I. Antonic","doi":"10.2298/jfi2202577a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jfi2202577a","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses the syntactic-semantic and contextual features of a nonpredicate formal structure as an exponent of the basic temporal clause. It is a type of condensation of an extensive (developed) dependent sentence form that has no features of either nominalization or verbid processes of summarizing sentence formal structures, i.e. their propositions. It is a form of reduction, as a special type of condensation process in which certain elements of the basic sentence are omitted ? as a rule, the predicate constituent or its verb elements as carriers of grammatical data, so it is represented by the primary noun NN, which is in neither derivational nor semantic connection with the verb, and, in this case, in the syntactic connection with the formant KAO. This structure is identical in its formal characteristics to the comparative syntagm, which can develop into a comparative clause with a factual (KAO STO) or counterfactual (KAO DA) conjunction, but differs significantly from it, since it is realized under different lexical and grammatical conditions ? the formant KAO is not an exponent of a complex comparative conjunction, but corresponds to the temporal conjunction KADA (more often) or DOK (much less often). By applying the substitution metalanguage test on typical examples, as well as on the corpus of original linguistic material, the conditions are defined: lexical, syntactic-semantic and contextual, under which the structure KAO NN represents an exponent of the basic developed temporal clause (for example: AS a child, he was mischievous [? WHEN he was a child, he was mischievous]). The analysis showed that the following are responsible for the temporal meaning of this structure: (1) the semantics of the noun NN (nouns denoting the age / period of life, or professional or temporary social status of the animate entity are considered); (2) the relationship between the noun in the structure KAO NN (NN1) and the noun (NN2) in the function of the subject of the matrix sentence / subject of the developed temporal clause, which are identical, and although in appearance NN1 and NN2 are two different nouns, they have the same referent), as well as (3) the identity of the case form of both nouns (most often it is the nominative case in the structure KAO NN1, i.e. as the part of the predicate of temporal clause, and as the subject NN2 in the sentence and in the clause); (4) temporal framework: in terms of relative time, only the relationship of simultaneity (complete or partial) is considered, and in terms of absolute time, the sphere of the past is dominant and rarely and only under certain lexical conditions, the sphere of the future, but the sphere of the present is excluded (both referential and non-referential); (5) positioning: although all three possible positions are available to this structure, preposition in relation to the matrix sentence predominates, and in certain cases it is obligatory.","PeriodicalId":30153,"journal":{"name":"Juznoslovenski Filolog","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85000264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this paper is to examine the phenomenon of complement pseudocoordination in the Old Serbian language, i.e. the paratactic connection between a complement-taking verb and its finite complement, with a special focus on the shift from paratactic clause-chaining to hypotactic embedding. Despite the attention devoted to one complex sentence type, the research aims to sketch a typological context of decreasing complement pseudo-coordination and increasing complement subordination. The use of coordinating conjunction for expressing conceptual subordination relation between higher-ranking (complement-taking) unit and its lower-ranking complement suggests that the complement pseudo-coordination could be one of the properties of non-configurational syntax, i.e. syntax without an integrated sentence hierarchy.
{"title":"Complement pseudo-coordination in old Serbian","authors":"Slobodanka Pavlović","doi":"10.2298/jfi2202221p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jfi2202221p","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to examine the phenomenon of complement pseudocoordination in the Old Serbian language, i.e. the paratactic connection between a complement-taking verb and its finite complement, with a special focus on the shift from paratactic clause-chaining to hypotactic embedding. Despite the attention devoted to one complex sentence type, the research aims to sketch a typological context of decreasing complement pseudo-coordination and increasing complement subordination. The use of coordinating conjunction for expressing conceptual subordination relation between higher-ranking (complement-taking) unit and its lower-ranking complement suggests that the complement pseudo-coordination could be one of the properties of non-configurational syntax, i.e. syntax without an integrated sentence hierarchy.","PeriodicalId":30153,"journal":{"name":"Juznoslovenski Filolog","volume":"276 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76787224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The subject of analysis in this paper is the verbal root *met-(*mot-/*m?t-), whose formal and semantic development can be traced back to the Proto-Slavic period. The research is based on anthropocentric-spatial language theory, which helps to analyze how the basic semantic component embedded in some verbal roots representing basic human positions, movements and activities involving the movement of the hand can transfer and rise through the evolution of the conceptualization (of the material and mental world). The authors analyze the derivatives of the Proto-Slavic verbal root *met- (*mot-/*m?t-) with the embedded semantic component ?human activity involving the movement of the hand in all directions?, which in the course of the evolution of language decomposed into a number of other basic semantic components: ?(fast) movement of objects and natural forces?, ?throw?, ?put?, etc. The authors also analyze how the formal verbal and nominal derivatives have carried this semantic information throughout the evolution of language, both in the real and mental world.
{"title":"Formal and semantic derivation of the Proto-Slavic verbal root *met-(*mot-/*mǫt-) in the Macedonian and Polish languages","authors":"Marjan Markovikj, Zuzana Topolinjska","doi":"10.2298/jfi2202159m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jfi2202159m","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of analysis in this paper is the verbal root *met-(*mot-/*m?t-), whose formal and semantic development can be traced back to the Proto-Slavic period. The research is based on anthropocentric-spatial language theory, which helps to analyze how the basic semantic component embedded in some verbal roots representing basic human positions, movements and activities involving the movement of the hand can transfer and rise through the evolution of the conceptualization (of the material and mental world). The authors analyze the derivatives of the Proto-Slavic verbal root *met- (*mot-/*m?t-) with the embedded semantic component ?human activity involving the movement of the hand in all directions?, which in the course of the evolution of language decomposed into a number of other basic semantic components: ?(fast) movement of objects and natural forces?, ?throw?, ?put?, etc. The authors also analyze how the formal verbal and nominal derivatives have carried this semantic information throughout the evolution of language, both in the real and mental world.","PeriodicalId":30153,"journal":{"name":"Juznoslovenski Filolog","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78508790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article first discusses whether the conjunction dok (?while?) belongs to the category of coordinating or subordinating conjunctions. The analysis demonstrates that this conjunction possesses some of the properties characterizing the most typical coordinating conjunctions (i.e. it indicates a contrast and the clauses can ?revolve around? it), some properties which make it a marginal member of this category (i.e. it cannot coordinate syntactic units other than independent clauses and the part of the second clause which this clause shares with the first clause cannot be omitted from the sentence), but that it also has a feature that the other coordinating conjunctions do not exhibit and which would even place it outside this category (i.e. it can also come before the first clause). Nevertheless, the fact that its position in a sentence can vary without changing the position of the clauses, that is to say, the position of the clauses can change while that of the conjunction remains the same, clearly indicates that this conjunction does not belong to either of them; hence, it is not a subordinating conjunction. This can be inferred from some other features as well - for instance, the predicate of the clause following this conjunction - when referring to the future - can only be used in the Future 2 tense, and not the Future 1. It simultaneously has a strong tendency to come between the two clauses, in which case it is preceded by a pause, i.e. a comma. The conjunction dok thus shows that when it comes to two contrasting categories, membership in one of them can depend not only on the features which are typical of this particular category, but also on those unacceptable to the other one. More generally, this conjunction additionally shows that grammatical classifications, which are essentially based on dichotomies, in some cases do not accurately reflect actual linguistic phenomena. The second part of the article discusses how dok developed the meaning of contrast. In relation to this, pseudo-subordinate temporal dok-clauses are identified, in which dok still refers to simultaneity, but the situation expressed in the dok-clause does not represent the reference point relative to which the event in the main clause can be temporally located; dok then means ?meanwhile?. The analysis suggests that the separation of the two domains in which this conjunction can be interpreted is pivotal to the development of the meaning of contrast - namely, the temporal domain (when it is interpreted in its temporal sense, i.e. indicating simultaneity) and the domain of comparison (when it is interpreted as adversative). The aforementioned separation is possible in ambiguous examples, where, in addition to the simultaneity of two situations, there is also a contrast - either a contrast between these two situations or between some of their components. It should also be added that, if the conjunction has a temporal meaning, the poss
{"title":"On the nature of the conjunction dok (‘while’) denoting opposition (contrast)","authors":"Duska Klikovac","doi":"10.2298/jfi2201147k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jfi2201147k","url":null,"abstract":"The article first discusses whether the conjunction dok (?while?) belongs to the category of coordinating or subordinating conjunctions. The analysis demonstrates that this conjunction possesses some of the properties characterizing the most typical coordinating conjunctions (i.e. it indicates a contrast and the clauses can ?revolve around? it), some properties which make it a marginal member of this category (i.e. it cannot coordinate syntactic units other than independent clauses and the part of the second clause which this clause shares with the first clause cannot be omitted from the sentence), but that it also has a feature that the other coordinating conjunctions do not exhibit and which would even place it outside this category (i.e. it can also come before the first clause). Nevertheless, the fact that its position in a sentence can vary without changing the position of the clauses, that is to say, the position of the clauses can change while that of the conjunction remains the same, clearly indicates that this conjunction does not belong to either of them; hence, it is not a subordinating conjunction. This can be inferred from some other features as well - for instance, the predicate of the clause following this conjunction - when referring to the future - can only be used in the Future 2 tense, and not the Future 1. It simultaneously has a strong tendency to come between the two clauses, in which case it is preceded by a pause, i.e. a comma. The conjunction dok thus shows that when it comes to two contrasting categories, membership in one of them can depend not only on the features which are typical of this particular category, but also on those unacceptable to the other one. More generally, this conjunction additionally shows that grammatical classifications, which are essentially based on dichotomies, in some cases do not accurately reflect actual linguistic phenomena. The second part of the article discusses how dok developed the meaning of contrast. In relation to this, pseudo-subordinate temporal dok-clauses are identified, in which dok still refers to simultaneity, but the situation expressed in the dok-clause does not represent the reference point relative to which the event in the main clause can be temporally located; dok then means ?meanwhile?. The analysis suggests that the separation of the two domains in which this conjunction can be interpreted is pivotal to the development of the meaning of contrast - namely, the temporal domain (when it is interpreted in its temporal sense, i.e. indicating simultaneity) and the domain of comparison (when it is interpreted as adversative). The aforementioned separation is possible in ambiguous examples, where, in addition to the simultaneity of two situations, there is also a contrast - either a contrast between these two situations or between some of their components. It should also be added that, if the conjunction has a temporal meaning, the poss","PeriodicalId":30153,"journal":{"name":"Juznoslovenski Filolog","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86086285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper deals with forms like CeSID, RTS and GSP in Serbian, one type of words made by shortening. In spite of the fact that in domestic theory and practice they are traditionally called and considered abbreviations, most of these forms in practice behave as if they were words. Starting from this pragmatic point and main hypothesis that what is involved here are hybrid lexical units, part abbreviations, part words, which therefore should receive a different theoretical and methodological treatment and terminological designation - acronyms, the aim of the present article is to corroborate this basic premise by offering linguistically informed explication and authentic exemplification, from four interconnected angles: (1) twelve questions with answers concerning the status of these forms in the light of their actual behaviour in everyday writing and speech, (2) form- and content-related properties which make these forms abbreviations in one way, words in the other, and which precise properties determine them as acronyms, (3) a pragmatic-functional typology of acronyms, and (4) theoretical, methodological and practical implications of the proposed interpretation of the nature of acronyms.
{"title":"Abbreviations and words at the same time: Acronyms in Serbian","authors":"Tvrtko Prćić","doi":"10.2298/jfi2202429p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jfi2202429p","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with forms like CeSID, RTS and GSP in Serbian, one type of words made by shortening. In spite of the fact that in domestic theory and practice they are traditionally called and considered abbreviations, most of these forms in practice behave as if they were words. Starting from this pragmatic point and main hypothesis that what is involved here are hybrid lexical units, part abbreviations, part words, which therefore should receive a different theoretical and methodological treatment and terminological designation - acronyms, the aim of the present article is to corroborate this basic premise by offering linguistically informed explication and authentic exemplification, from four interconnected angles: (1) twelve questions with answers concerning the status of these forms in the light of their actual behaviour in everyday writing and speech, (2) form- and content-related properties which make these forms abbreviations in one way, words in the other, and which precise properties determine them as acronyms, (3) a pragmatic-functional typology of acronyms, and (4) theoretical, methodological and practical implications of the proposed interpretation of the nature of acronyms.","PeriodicalId":30153,"journal":{"name":"Juznoslovenski Filolog","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85701792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper deals with the origin of the optative function of the verbal adjective in -l in the Serbian language, a functionally restricted and stylistically marked modal form. Within synchronic analyses, it is usually explained as secondary form: a result of reducing complex verbal forms, whose constituent it represents today. By applying diachronic and comparative linguistic analysis it is shown that the formant *-l- is of Proto-Indo-European origin, appearing in both verbal and nominal systems of Indo-European languages. The diversity of formations with the element *-l- is explained by the assumption that in early Proto-Indo-European this element was a kind of modal particle, which in the process of creating inflection became a grammatical morpheme. In Proto-Slavic, the originally modal verbal-nominal form in *-l- developed in two ways: on the one hand, it produced adjectives (mostly resultatives, but also adjectives with a modal nuance) and, on the other, it became part of complex verbal forms in the domain of non-present (perfect, pluperfect, conditional). The independent modal verbal form in *-l- was preserved in the optative function as an archaism, which explains its markedness and restricted use in specific contexts.
{"title":"On the origin of the optative use of the verbal adjective in -l","authors":"Jasmina Grkovic-Mejdzor","doi":"10.2298/jfi2202147g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jfi2202147g","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the origin of the optative function of the verbal adjective in -l in the Serbian language, a functionally restricted and stylistically marked modal form. Within synchronic analyses, it is usually explained as secondary form: a result of reducing complex verbal forms, whose constituent it represents today. By applying diachronic and comparative linguistic analysis it is shown that the formant *-l- is of Proto-Indo-European origin, appearing in both verbal and nominal systems of Indo-European languages. The diversity of formations with the element *-l- is explained by the assumption that in early Proto-Indo-European this element was a kind of modal particle, which in the process of creating inflection became a grammatical morpheme. In Proto-Slavic, the originally modal verbal-nominal form in *-l- developed in two ways: on the one hand, it produced adjectives (mostly resultatives, but also adjectives with a modal nuance) and, on the other, it became part of complex verbal forms in the domain of non-present (perfect, pluperfect, conditional). The independent modal verbal form in *-l- was preserved in the optative function as an archaism, which explains its markedness and restricted use in specific contexts.","PeriodicalId":30153,"journal":{"name":"Juznoslovenski Filolog","volume":"446 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82904261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines the lexicographic treatment of Serbian pronominal words (pronouns, pronominal adverbs and pronominal particles) in general, with a particular focus on the treatment of demonstrative pronouns for quantity ovoliki [?this big/ much/many?], toliki [?so big/much/many?] and onoliki [?that big/much/many?]. It is shown that, contrary to commonly held views, pronominal words can be semantically complex, and that their tripartite subsystems, characteristic of the Serbian language, could be appropriately treated as series entries (in the sense of the term as used by S. Landau). It is also shown that particular difficulties in defining the pronouns ovoliki, toliki, onoliki arise from their semantic ?multidimensionality?, i.e., the capability of semantic diversification on the basis of more than one of their semantic components. The pertinent components are the following: (1) the notion of quantity, which comprises various cases, depending on the nature of the concept whose quantity is pointed to; (2) the kind of space in which the quantity is pointed to - which may be the physical space or some of the metaphorical spaces. In addition, (3) the component of comparison (in the case of the pronouns ovoliki and onoliki) or pointing (in the case of the pronouns toliki and onoliki) can bleach. Upon close examination of the treatment of the pronouns ovoliki and onoliki in the Dictionary of Serbo-Croatian Literary and Vernacular Language, the paper proposes alternative definitions, based on the semantic analysis of the demonstrative pronouns under examination, taking into account all dimensions of semantic diversification.
{"title":"On the lexicographic treatment of pronominal words (exemplified by Serbian demonstrative pronouns ovoliki, toliki and onoliki)","authors":"Duska Klikovac","doi":"10.2298/jfi2202497k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jfi2202497k","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the lexicographic treatment of Serbian pronominal words (pronouns, pronominal adverbs and pronominal particles) in general, with a particular focus on the treatment of demonstrative pronouns for quantity ovoliki [?this big/ much/many?], toliki [?so big/much/many?] and onoliki [?that big/much/many?]. It is shown that, contrary to commonly held views, pronominal words can be semantically complex, and that their tripartite subsystems, characteristic of the Serbian language, could be appropriately treated as series entries (in the sense of the term as used by S. Landau). It is also shown that particular difficulties in defining the pronouns ovoliki, toliki, onoliki arise from their semantic ?multidimensionality?, i.e., the capability of semantic diversification on the basis of more than one of their semantic components. The pertinent components are the following: (1) the notion of quantity, which comprises various cases, depending on the nature of the concept whose quantity is pointed to; (2) the kind of space in which the quantity is pointed to - which may be the physical space or some of the metaphorical spaces. In addition, (3) the component of comparison (in the case of the pronouns ovoliki and onoliki) or pointing (in the case of the pronouns toliki and onoliki) can bleach. Upon close examination of the treatment of the pronouns ovoliki and onoliki in the Dictionary of Serbo-Croatian Literary and Vernacular Language, the paper proposes alternative definitions, based on the semantic analysis of the demonstrative pronouns under examination, taking into account all dimensions of semantic diversification.","PeriodicalId":30153,"journal":{"name":"Juznoslovenski Filolog","volume":"7 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81473502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper deals with the phenomenon of semantic dispersion and semantic structure based on continuity (graduality, scalability) and transcategorisation, with the introduction of a new term ?pseudotranscategorisation?. The aim of this research is to create a functional methodological procedure in order to examine the observed semantic phenomenon in the spirit of fuzzy linguistics. The proposed methodological procedure was applied to the examples of nouns of the nomina loci type, which formalize space as one of the basic ontological categories. The principle of continuity is reflected in the creation of a phase scale whose poles are monosemy and polysemy, while the role of the connective component in the observed semantic continuum belongs to the two-meaning semantic structure of lexemes. From the point of view of transcategorisation, one-meaning nomina loci with a phytonym as a motive word were first considered, in the context of the semanticderivational nest to which they belong. The other derivatives in the nest are indicators of potential conceptual domains that can be developed from the category of space, which are to appear as secondary realisations in two-meaning derivatives with the same motivator. The analysis of two-meaning words and polysemous lexemes is conducted in a reduced context and includes their semantic structure. If the secondary realisations and conceptual domains to which they belong have been created under the influence of the mechanisms of semantic transformations, then the observed phenomenon is defined as transcategorisation - partial, by means of the model PR SPACE ? SR SPACE (zitnjak), or complete, which indicates the ability of a particular lexeme to achieve categorically different realisations. In this case, the relation between the categories is mostly logical as a consequence of metonymy transfer, as in the model PR SPACE ? SR ANIMAL (koprivac, koprivnjak). If secondary realizations occur by repetition of the derivative model, then it is a matter of pseudotranscategorisation, as in the models PR SPACE ? SR OBJECT (bukvik, konopljik) and PR SPACE ? SR DRINK (dudara). In this case, the semantic relation of primary and secondary realisation with the motive word is established through metonymy. Polysemy has not developed in derivatives with a phytonymic motivator and those with the primary spatial meaning. In the realized polysemous structure of the lexeme vocar, secondary meanings are created by repeating the derivative model, and their feature is pseudotranscategorisation.
本文讨论了基于连续性(渐进式、可扩展性)和跨范畴的语义分散现象和语义结构，并引入了一个新术语“伪跨范畴”。本研究的目的是在模糊语言学的精神下，创造一种功能方法论程序，以检验所观察到的语义现象。将所提出的方法程序应用于将空间形式化为基本本体论范畴之一的名义轨迹型名词的例子。连续性原则体现在创造一个极性为一义和多义的相尺度上，而在观察到的语义连续体中，连接成分的作用属于词汇的双义语义结构。从跨范畴的观点出发，首先考虑了以植物名为原意词的单义名位点，在其所属的语义派生巢的背景下。巢中的其他衍生品是可以从空间类别中开发的潜在概念领域的指标，这些领域将在具有相同动机的双意义衍生品中作为次要实现出现。双义词和多义词汇的分析是在精简的语境中进行的，包括它们的语义结构。如果二级实现和它们所属的概念域是在语义转换机制的影响下创建的，那么观察到的现象被定义为跨分类-部分，通过模型PR SPACE ?SR SPACE (zitnjak)或complete，表示特定词素实现分类不同实现的能力。在这种情况下，由于转喻迁移的结果，类别之间的关系主要是逻辑的，就像模型PR SPACE ?SR ANIMAL (koprivac, koprivnjak)。如果二次实现是通过重复衍生模型而发生的，那么这是一个伪跨分类的问题，就像模型PR SPACE ?SR OBJECT (bukvik, konopljik)和PR SPACE ?SR DRINK (dudara)。在这种情况下，通过转喻，与原意词建立起主次实现的语义关系。一词多义现象在植物源性词源的衍生词和具有主要空间意义的衍生词中尚未发展。在实现的词素词汇多义结构中，二次义是通过重复衍生模型产生的，其特征是伪跨范畴。
{"title":"About transcategorisation and pseudotranscategorisation in the domain space","authors":"Gordana Štasni","doi":"10.2298/jfi2201121s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jfi2201121s","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the phenomenon of semantic dispersion and semantic structure based on continuity (graduality, scalability) and transcategorisation, with the introduction of a new term ?pseudotranscategorisation?. The aim of this research is to create a functional methodological procedure in order to examine the observed semantic phenomenon in the spirit of fuzzy linguistics. The proposed methodological procedure was applied to the examples of nouns of the nomina loci type, which formalize space as one of the basic ontological categories. The principle of continuity is reflected in the creation of a phase scale whose poles are monosemy and polysemy, while the role of the connective component in the observed semantic continuum belongs to the two-meaning semantic structure of lexemes. From the point of view of transcategorisation, one-meaning nomina loci with a phytonym as a motive word were first considered, in the context of the semanticderivational nest to which they belong. The other derivatives in the nest are indicators of potential conceptual domains that can be developed from the category of space, which are to appear as secondary realisations in two-meaning derivatives with the same motivator. The analysis of two-meaning words and polysemous lexemes is conducted in a reduced context and includes their semantic structure. If the secondary realisations and conceptual domains to which they belong have been created under the influence of the mechanisms of semantic transformations, then the observed phenomenon is defined as transcategorisation - partial, by means of the model PR SPACE ? SR SPACE (zitnjak), or complete, which indicates the ability of a particular lexeme to achieve categorically different realisations. In this case, the relation between the categories is mostly logical as a consequence of metonymy transfer, as in the model PR SPACE ? SR ANIMAL (koprivac, koprivnjak). If secondary realizations occur by repetition of the derivative model, then it is a matter of pseudotranscategorisation, as in the models PR SPACE ? SR OBJECT (bukvik, konopljik) and PR SPACE ? SR DRINK (dudara). In this case, the semantic relation of primary and secondary realisation with the motive word is established through metonymy. Polysemy has not developed in derivatives with a phytonymic motivator and those with the primary spatial meaning. In the realized polysemous structure of the lexeme vocar, secondary meanings are created by repeating the derivative model, and their feature is pseudotranscategorisation.","PeriodicalId":30153,"journal":{"name":"Juznoslovenski Filolog","volume":"290 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72774737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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