The accumulation of chromium (Cr) and copper (Cu) in soil during industrialization and modernization poses an extreme threat to crops. Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) has the potential to stabilize heavy metals in soil through chelation because of the numerous carboxyl groups in its side chain. The rhizosphere microbiome contributes to plant detoxification by participating in heavy metal passivation. However, it is still unclear whether γ-PGA can alleviate the toxicity of Cr and Cu to plants and whether this effect is associated with changes in the rhizosphere microbiome assembly. Here, we found that γ-PGA application significantly reduced the content of Cr or Cu in cucumber plants by 67.45%-86.77% and 94.67%-98.21, respectively, and alleviated the oxidative stress of Cr or Cu to plants. Moreover, γ-PGA significantly increased the biomass of cucumber fruits in the plot experiment by 13.5% and 25.3% under Cr and Cu stress, respectively. The content of Cr or Cu in the cucumber fruit was below limits of detection, in contrast to the 31.23 mg/kg Cr or 9.86 mg/kg Cu detected in the no-γ-PGA treatment. γ-PGA effectively chelated Cr and Cu in vitro, and less than 30% of their chelates were degraded in 20 weeks, suggesting the strong stability of these chelates. γ-PGA significantly altered the rhizosphere bacterial community composition of cucumber by enriching phyla Gemmatimonadota, Acidobacteriota and Firmicutes, and genera Gemmatimonas and Stenotrophomonas, which potentially involved in reducing the mobility of Cr and Cu in soils. Furthermore, γ-PGA significantly enriched taxa assigned to plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Together, our results suggest that γ-PGA can reduce the Cr and Cu contents in cucumber, and this process is strongly associated with the chelation capacity of γ-PGA and its effects on rhizosphere microbiome composition. These results highlight the exciting potential to use γ-PGA for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils.
{"title":"Poly-γ-glutamic acid chelates chromium (III) and copper (II), alleviating their toxicity in cucumber and affecting rhizosphere bacterial community assembly","authors":"Chaoyang Chen, Wenhui Yan, Yu Chen, Sijie Liu, Chuangjiang Nong, Liang Sun, Rui Wang, Hong Xu, Peng Lei, Yian Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125318","url":null,"abstract":"The accumulation of chromium (Cr) and copper (Cu) in soil during industrialization and modernization poses an extreme threat to crops. Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) has the potential to stabilize heavy metals in soil through chelation because of the numerous carboxyl groups in its side chain. The rhizosphere microbiome contributes to plant detoxification by participating in heavy metal passivation. However, it is still unclear whether γ-PGA can alleviate the toxicity of Cr and Cu to plants and whether this effect is associated with changes in the rhizosphere microbiome assembly. Here, we found that γ-PGA application significantly reduced the content of Cr or Cu in cucumber plants by 67.45%-86.77% and 94.67%-98.21, respectively, and alleviated the oxidative stress of Cr or Cu to plants. Moreover, γ-PGA significantly increased the biomass of cucumber fruits in the plot experiment by 13.5% and 25.3% under Cr and Cu stress, respectively. The content of Cr or Cu in the cucumber fruit was below limits of detection, in contrast to the 31.23 mg/kg Cr or 9.86 mg/kg Cu detected in the no-γ-PGA treatment. γ-PGA effectively chelated Cr and Cu <em>in vitro</em>, and less than 30% of their chelates were degraded in 20 weeks, suggesting the strong stability of these chelates. γ-PGA significantly altered the rhizosphere bacterial community composition of cucumber by enriching phyla <em>Gemmatimonadota</em>, <em>Acidobacteriota</em> and <em>Firmicutes,</em> and genera <em>Gemmatimonas</em> and <em>Stenotrophomonas,</em> which potentially involved in reducing the mobility of Cr and Cu in soils. Furthermore, γ-PGA significantly enriched taxa assigned to plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Together, our results suggest that γ-PGA can reduce the Cr and Cu contents in cucumber, and this process is strongly associated with the chelation capacity of γ-PGA and its effects on rhizosphere microbiome composition. These results highlight the exciting potential to use γ-PGA for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite extensive ecotoxicological evidence on the adverse effects of oil pollution on rodents, little is known about how rodents make decisions in oil-polluted environments (i.e., outside of lab settings). We investigated the foraging behavior of Allenby gerbils, Gerbillus andersoni allenbyi (GA), that were presented with feeding trays in a semi-natural environment. The trays contained seeds mixed into one of three types of soils – clean soil, and two different soil samples collected from two well-documented terrestrial oil spill sites in Israel. The oil spill disasters occurred in 1975 and 2014 and the spill sites are located within a few hundred meters of each other, in the 'Avrona Nature Reserve in the Arava hyper-arid region in Israel.Gerbils of both sexes avoided foraging in 2014-polluted soil, but surprisingly, they foraged more in 1975-polluted soil. Our results indicate that for the GA, the 1975-polluted soil is an advantageous substrate to forage on, probably because its texture facilitates more efficient foraging, leading to greater energetic gain, and creating a trade-off between energetic gain and perceived foraging cost due to its pollution. We also proceeded to investigate some physiological consequences of chronic exposure to the 2014-polluted soil in the laboratory. Chronic oil exposure did not lead to mortality or weight loss, but female gerbils exhibited heightened cortisol. We conclude that terrestrial oil pollution may have significant sublethal impacts on animal behavior, even when there is no obvious short-term physiological cost to the exposure.
{"title":"The foraging behavior of gerbils reveals the ecological significance of crude oil pollution","authors":"Malay Pandey, Hagar Vardi-Naim, Noga Kronfeld-Schor, Oded Berger-Tal","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125317","url":null,"abstract":"Despite extensive ecotoxicological evidence on the adverse effects of oil pollution on rodents, little is known about how rodents make decisions in oil-polluted environments (i.e., outside of lab settings). We investigated the foraging behavior of Allenby gerbils, <em>Gerbillus andersoni allenbyi</em> (GA), that were presented with feeding trays in a semi-natural environment. The trays contained seeds mixed into one of three types of soils – clean soil, and two different soil samples collected from two well-documented terrestrial oil spill sites in Israel. The oil spill disasters occurred in 1975 and 2014 and the spill sites are located within a few hundred meters of each other, in the 'Avrona Nature Reserve in the Arava hyper-arid region in Israel.Gerbils of both sexes avoided foraging in 2014-polluted soil, but surprisingly, they foraged more in 1975-polluted soil. Our results indicate that for the GA, the 1975-polluted soil is an advantageous substrate to forage on, probably because its texture facilitates more efficient foraging, leading to greater energetic gain, and creating a trade-off between energetic gain and perceived foraging cost due to its pollution. We also proceeded to investigate some physiological consequences of chronic exposure to the 2014-polluted soil in the laboratory. Chronic oil exposure did not lead to mortality or weight loss, but female gerbils exhibited heightened cortisol. We conclude that terrestrial oil pollution may have significant sublethal impacts on animal behavior, even when there is no obvious short-term physiological cost to the exposure.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125308
Kaixin Huang, Loretta A. Fernandez, Julia Varshavsky, Matthew J. Eckelman
The U.S. EPA regulates hazardous air pollution under the Clean Air Act, designating 188 substances as ‘air toxics’. Despite this designation, air pollutants may partition to other environmental compartments and present risks through exposure routes other than inhalation. We use the USEtox multi-media fate model to determine which exposure routes contribute to overall intake fraction and disease risk for 60 air toxics that are present in the model. Inhalation was the dominant exposure route for intake fraction for the majority of air toxics considered, but for 13 cases (>20%), ingestion was dominant, particularly through consumption of above-ground produce. Disease risk showed similar patterns, with a contribution from inhalation of higher than 90% for approximately half of the air toxics considered and higher than 50% for another quarter, but with a dominant contribution from ingestion for the remaining quarter of substances. The results emphasize the continued need for careful communication of chemical risks that reflects complex partitioning and multiple potential exposure routes.
{"title":"Air Toxics Matter to More than Just Air","authors":"Kaixin Huang, Loretta A. Fernandez, Julia Varshavsky, Matthew J. Eckelman","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125308","url":null,"abstract":"The U.S. EPA regulates hazardous air pollution under the Clean Air Act, designating 188 substances as ‘air toxics’. Despite this designation, air pollutants may partition to other environmental compartments and present risks through exposure routes other than inhalation. We use the USEtox multi-media fate model to determine which exposure routes contribute to overall intake fraction and disease risk for 60 air toxics that are present in the model. Inhalation was the dominant exposure route for intake fraction for the majority of air toxics considered, but for 13 cases (>20%), ingestion was dominant, particularly through consumption of above-ground produce. Disease risk showed similar patterns, with a contribution from inhalation of higher than 90% for approximately half of the air toxics considered and higher than 50% for another quarter, but with a dominant contribution from ingestion for the remaining quarter of substances. The results emphasize the continued need for careful communication of chemical risks that reflects complex partitioning and multiple potential exposure routes.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125312
Hanyue Zhang, Xiaomei Yang, Kai Wang, Jixiao Cui, Coen J. Ritsema, Changrong Yan, Xuejun Liu, Violette Geissen
The macroplastics (MaPs) and microplastics (MiPs) polluting agricultural soils raise great concerns. Unfortunately, scientists know little about the occurrence of MaPs/MiPs in soil among different farming systems. In this study, we analyzed MaPs/MiPs in soils (0‒30 cm) collected from six different farming systems (wheat-maize rotations, cotton, vegetables, permanent orchards, greenhouses with and without mulching) in Quzhou county, the North China Plain, by using fluorescence microscope and micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the abundance of MaPs and MiPs ranged from 0.2 to 46.8 kg ha‒1, and 4.1×103‒3.7×104 items kg‒1, respectively. The prominent colors of the MaPs were white and black. The predominant shape, size and chemical composition of soil MiPs were fragments (45‒62%), < 1 mm (98‒99%), and polyethylene (38‒43%), respectively. MaPs were mainly detected in the 0‒10 cm soil layer. MiP abundance in the 0‒10 cm soil layer was significantly higher than that in the 20‒30 cm soil layers among different farming systems, except for the fields with wheat-maize rotations and permanent orchards (p < 0.05). Overall, cotton fields showed the highest MaP and MiP abundance, followed by vegetable fields and orchards. Redundancy analysis revealed that tillage practices and plastic film management greatly influence the size distribution of MiPs. A strong negative correlation between large-sized plastic fractions (0.2‒1 mm) and tillage frequency was tested while the years of application of plastic films and the abundance of plastic residues showed a strong positive correlation with small-sized plastic fractions (< 0.2 mm). Our findings conclude that agricultural mulch films are an important source of MaPs and MiPs in agricultural soil and distributions are strongly influenced by agricultural management practices and farming systems. Further studies should take farming systems and farming practices into account, thereby exploring the potential mechanisms of plastic fragmentation and granularization in agricultural soil.
{"title":"Macro- and micro-plastic accumulation in soils under different intensive farming systems: a case study in Quzhou county, the North China Plain","authors":"Hanyue Zhang, Xiaomei Yang, Kai Wang, Jixiao Cui, Coen J. Ritsema, Changrong Yan, Xuejun Liu, Violette Geissen","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125312","url":null,"abstract":"The macroplastics (MaPs) and microplastics (MiPs) polluting agricultural soils raise great concerns. Unfortunately, scientists know little about the occurrence of MaPs/MiPs in soil among different farming systems. In this study, we analyzed MaPs/MiPs in soils (0‒30 cm) collected from six different farming systems (wheat-maize rotations, cotton, vegetables, permanent orchards, greenhouses with and without mulching) in Quzhou county, the North China Plain, by using fluorescence microscope and micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the abundance of MaPs and MiPs ranged from 0.2 to 46.8 kg ha<sup>‒1</sup>, and 4.1×10<sup>3</sup>‒3.7×10<sup>4</sup> items kg<sup>‒1</sup>, respectively. The prominent colors of the MaPs were white and black. The predominant shape, size and chemical composition of soil MiPs were fragments (45‒62%), < 1 mm (98‒99%), and polyethylene (38‒43%), respectively. MaPs were mainly detected in the 0‒10 cm soil layer. MiP abundance in the 0‒10 cm soil layer was significantly higher than that in the 20‒30 cm soil layers among different farming systems, except for the fields with wheat-maize rotations and permanent orchards (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Overall, cotton fields showed the highest MaP and MiP abundance, followed by vegetable fields and orchards. Redundancy analysis revealed that tillage practices and plastic film management greatly influence the size distribution of MiPs. A strong negative correlation between large-sized plastic fractions (0.2‒1 mm) and tillage frequency was tested while the years of application of plastic films and the abundance of plastic residues showed a strong positive correlation with small-sized plastic fractions (< 0.2 mm). Our findings conclude that agricultural mulch films are an important source of MaPs and MiPs in agricultural soil and distributions are strongly influenced by agricultural management practices and farming systems. Further studies should take farming systems and farming practices into account, thereby exploring the potential mechanisms of plastic fragmentation and granularization in agricultural soil.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142610565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125291
Chunbo Xing , Yaling Zeng , Xin Yang , Antai Zhang , Jinghao Zhai , Baohua Cai , Shao Shi , Yin Zhang , Yujie Zhang , Tzung-May Fu , Lei Zhu , Huizhong Shen , Jianhuai Ye , Chen Wang
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can catalyze the generation of reactive oxygen species in vivo, causing hazardous effects on human health. Molecular-level analysis of major oxidative potential (OP) active species is still limited. In this study, we used non-targeted high-resolution mass spectrometry to analyze the water-soluble organic components of ambient PM2.5 samples in winter and summer. Chemical components and back trajectory analysis revealed significant impacts of biomass burning and ship emissions on PM2.5 in winter and summer, respectively. Significance Analysis of the Microarray method and correlation analyses were combined to identify OP (OPDTT and OPOH) active species in characteristic organic compounds emitted from ship and biomass combustion emissions and to explore possible mechanisms. The results showed that the characteristic compounds emitted from ship were mainly organic amine compounds and contained more sulfur-containing components, while the characteristic compounds emitted from biomass burning were mainly oxygen-containing aromatic compounds of CHO and CHON groups. The high toxicity of summer PM2.5 might derive from reduced organic nitrogen compounds (C6H14N2O3S, C6H12N2O3S, C10H9N3O, C6H9N5O3S, and C6H14N4O) emission from ship sources. These reduced organic nitrogen compounds can form complexes with metals, affecting their solubility and reactivity in aerosols. Phenolic hydroxyl compounds were the main contributors to the PM2.5 OP from biomass burning in winter. Semiquinone radicals produced by oxidation of phenolic compounds can further promote the generation of reactive oxygen species through Fenton-like reactions. Our studies based on ambient PM2.5 samples further deepened the understanding of the molecular level of organic compounds emitted from ships and biomass burning, and their association with OP.
环境细颗粒物（PM2.5）可在体内催化产生活性氧，对人体健康造成危害。目前对主要氧化潜能（OP）活性物种的分子水平分析还很有限。在这项研究中，我们采用非靶向高分辨质谱法分析了冬季和夏季环境 PM2.5 样品中的水溶性有机成分。化学成分和回溯轨迹分析表明，生物质燃烧和船舶排放分别对冬季和夏季的 PM2.5 有显著影响。结合微阵列方法的显著性分析和相关性分析，确定了船舶和生物质燃烧排放的特征有机化合物中的 OP（OPDTT 和 OPOH）活性物种，并探讨了可能的机制。结果表明，船舶排放的特征化合物主要是有机胺类化合物，含硫成分较多；而生物质燃烧排放的特征化合物主要是CHO和CHON基团的含氧芳香族化合物。夏季 PM2.5 的高毒性可能来自船舶排放的还原有机氮化合物（C6H14N2O3S、C6H12N2O3S、C10H9N3O、C6H9N5O3S 和 C6H14N4O）。这些还原有机氮化合物可与金属形成络合物，影响其在气溶胶中的溶解度和反应性。酚羟基化合物是冬季生物质燃烧产生的 PM2.5 OP 的主要成因。酚类化合物氧化产生的半醌自由基可通过类似芬顿的反应进一步促进活性氧的生成。我们基于环境 PM2.5 样本的研究进一步加深了对船舶和生物质燃烧排放的有机化合物的分子水平及其与 OP 的关联的理解。
{"title":"Molecular characterization of major oxidative potential active species in ambient PM2.5: Emissions from biomass burning and ship exhaust","authors":"Chunbo Xing , Yaling Zeng , Xin Yang , Antai Zhang , Jinghao Zhai , Baohua Cai , Shao Shi , Yin Zhang , Yujie Zhang , Tzung-May Fu , Lei Zhu , Huizhong Shen , Jianhuai Ye , Chen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ambient fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) can catalyze the generation of reactive oxygen species in vivo, causing hazardous effects on human health. Molecular-level analysis of major oxidative potential (OP) active species is still limited. In this study, we used non-targeted high-resolution mass spectrometry to analyze the water-soluble organic components of ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> samples in winter and summer. Chemical components and back trajectory analysis revealed significant impacts of biomass burning and ship emissions on PM<sub>2.5</sub> in winter and summer, respectively. Significance Analysis of the Microarray method and correlation analyses were combined to identify OP (OP<sup>DTT</sup> and OP<sup>OH</sup>) active species in characteristic organic compounds emitted from ship and biomass combustion emissions and to explore possible mechanisms. The results showed that the characteristic compounds emitted from ship were mainly organic amine compounds and contained more sulfur-containing components, while the characteristic compounds emitted from biomass burning were mainly oxygen-containing aromatic compounds of CHO and CHON groups. The high toxicity of summer PM<sub>2.5</sub> might derive from reduced organic nitrogen compounds (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>14</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>S, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>S, C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>9</sub>N<sub>3</sub>O, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>9</sub>N<sub>5</sub>O<sub>3</sub>S, and C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>14</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O) emission from ship sources. These reduced organic nitrogen compounds can form complexes with metals, affecting their solubility and reactivity in aerosols. Phenolic hydroxyl compounds were the main contributors to the PM<sub>2.5</sub> OP from biomass burning in winter. Semiquinone radicals produced by oxidation of phenolic compounds can further promote the generation of reactive oxygen species through Fenton-like reactions. Our studies based on ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> samples further deepened the understanding of the molecular level of organic compounds emitted from ships and biomass burning, and their association with OP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 125291"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142601190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125311
Humera Ashraf , Fozia Ghouri , Shafaqat Ali , Syed Asad Hussain Bukhari , Fasih Ullah Haider , Minghui Zhong , Weiwei Xia , Xuelin Fu , Muhammad Qasim Shahid
The heavy metal cadmium (Cd) is highly poisonous and has received significant attention from environmental scientists due to its harmful impacts on plants. Oryza glumaepatula is a wild rice that contains useful genes against biotic and abiotic stresses. Therefore, the current study used SG007, a single-segment substitution line (SSSL), generated by crossing O. glumaepatula with an elite rice cultivar (HJX74), to evaluate the resistance potential against Cd. Moreover, we assessed the efficacy of strigolactone GR24 (1 μM) against Cd toxicity (100 μM) by investigating physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms in both cultivars (i.e., SG007 and HJX74). The findings of this study revealed that Cd toxicity declined the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids by 50%, 20%, and 44% in SG007, and 58%, 39%, and 59% in HJX74 by enhancing electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by 113%, 184%, and 119% in SG007 and 248%, 273% and 195% in HJX74, respectively. GR24 improved growth under Cd stress in both cultivars, and SG007 exhibited better plant growth parameters, antioxidant enzymatic activities, nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and nitric oxide (NO) levels than HJX74 under Cd toxicity. GR24 with SG007 regulated expressions of Cd transporters and reduced the cytological disruptions in cell organelles. The combined utilization of SG007 and GR24 reduced Cd accumulation and oxidative stress and improved plant growth parameters and enzymatic activities. In conclusion, our study highlights the potential of utilizing SG007 in conjunction with GR24 as a practical strategy to mitigate Cd pollution in rice. The results not only underscore the beneficial effects of strigolactone GR24 in alleviating Cd-induced stress but also emphasize the valuable genetic traits of O. glumaepatula in developing rice lines with enhanced tolerance to heavy metals, offering broader implications for sustainable agriculture and crop improvement in contaminated environments.
{"title":"The protective roles of Oryza glumaepatula and phytohormone in enhancing rice tolerance to cadmium stress by regulating gene expression, morphological, physiological, and antioxidant defense system","authors":"Humera Ashraf , Fozia Ghouri , Shafaqat Ali , Syed Asad Hussain Bukhari , Fasih Ullah Haider , Minghui Zhong , Weiwei Xia , Xuelin Fu , Muhammad Qasim Shahid","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The heavy metal cadmium (Cd) is highly poisonous and has received significant attention from environmental scientists due to its harmful impacts on plants. <em>Oryza glumaepatula</em> is a wild rice that contains useful genes against biotic and abiotic stresses. Therefore, the current study used SG007, a single-segment substitution line (SSSL), generated by crossing <em>O. glumaepatula</em> with an elite rice cultivar (HJX74), to evaluate the resistance potential against Cd. Moreover, we assessed the efficacy of strigolactone GR24 (1 μM) against Cd toxicity (100 μM) by investigating physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms in both cultivars (i.e., SG007 and HJX74). The findings of this study revealed that Cd toxicity declined the chlorophyll <em>a</em>, chlorophyll <em>b</em>, and carotenoids by 50%, 20%, and 44% in SG007, and 58%, 39%, and 59% in HJX74 by enhancing electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) by 113%, 184%, and 119% in SG007 and 248%, 273% and 195% in HJX74, respectively. GR24 improved growth under Cd stress in both cultivars, and SG007 exhibited better plant growth parameters, antioxidant enzymatic activities, nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and nitric oxide (NO) levels than HJX74 under Cd toxicity. GR24 with SG007 regulated expressions of Cd transporters and reduced the cytological disruptions in cell organelles. The combined utilization of SG007 and GR24 reduced Cd accumulation and oxidative stress and improved plant growth parameters and enzymatic activities. In conclusion, our study highlights the potential of utilizing SG007 in conjunction with GR24 as a practical strategy to mitigate Cd pollution in rice. The results not only underscore the beneficial effects of strigolactone GR24 in alleviating Cd-induced stress but also emphasize the valuable genetic traits of <em>O. glumaepatula</em> in developing rice lines with enhanced tolerance to heavy metals, offering broader implications for sustainable agriculture and crop improvement in contaminated environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"364 ","pages":"Article 125311"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142601185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Data on airborne microorganisms, particularly in Southeast Asia, are more limited compared to chemical data. This study is the first to examine the community and diversity of microorganisms on PM2.5 in an urban area of Northern Thailand during both smoke haze and non-smoke haze periods of 2020. This study evaluated the composition of airborne bacteria and fungi and analyzed their association with the chemical composition of PM2.5 and meteorological variables. Significantly higher concentrations of PM2.5 and more chemical compounds were observed during the smoke haze period compared to the non-smoke haze period. Increased PM2.5 concentrations significantly altered both bacterial and fungal communities. The diversity and richness of airborne bacteria increased, whereas those of fungi decreased. The level of PM2.5 concentration (the carrier), the chemical composition of PM2.5 (the resources for survival), and the local meteorological conditions (relative humidity (RH)) were associated with the differences in bacterial and fungal populations. In addition, air originating from the west of the receptor site, influenced by both terrestrial and marine air mass routes, contributed to higher bacterial diversity and richness during the smoke haze period. In contrast, fungal diversity and richness were greater when the air came from the southwest, following a marine route. However, the primary health concern is pathogens, which were present in both periods (such as Clostridium, Aspergillus, and Cladosporium) and were especially abundant during smoke haze periods. This study highlights those airborne microorganisms, along with the particles and their chemical composition, are important components that can impact health, including that of humans, animals, and the environment.
{"title":"Characterization of Airborne Microbial Communities in Northern Thailand: Impacts of Smoke Haze Versus Non-Haze Conditions","authors":"Nuttipon Yabueng, Chakriya Sansupa, Nuttapol Noirungsee, Pavidarin Kraisitnitikul, Sarana Chansuebsri, Radshadaporn Janta, Sakda Khoomrung, Terd Disayathanoowat, Somporn Chantara","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125302","url":null,"abstract":"Data on airborne microorganisms, particularly in Southeast Asia, are more limited compared to chemical data. This study is the first to examine the community and diversity of microorganisms on PM<sub>2.5</sub> in an urban area of Northern Thailand during both smoke haze and non-smoke haze periods of 2020. This study evaluated the composition of airborne bacteria and fungi and analyzed their association with the chemical composition of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and meteorological variables. Significantly higher concentrations of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and more chemical compounds were observed during the smoke haze period compared to the non-smoke haze period. Increased PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations significantly altered both bacterial and fungal communities. The diversity and richness of airborne bacteria increased, whereas those of fungi decreased. The level of PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration (the carrier), the chemical composition of PM<sub>2.5</sub> (the resources for survival), and the local meteorological conditions (relative humidity (RH)) were associated with the differences in bacterial and fungal populations. In addition, air originating from the west of the receptor site, influenced by both terrestrial and marine air mass routes, contributed to higher bacterial diversity and richness during the smoke haze period. In contrast, fungal diversity and richness were greater when the air came from the southwest, following a marine route. However, the primary health concern is pathogens, which were present in both periods (such as <em>Clostridium</em>, <em>Aspergillus</em>, and <em>Cladosporium</em>) and were especially abundant during smoke haze periods. This study highlights those airborne microorganisms, along with the particles and their chemical composition, are important components that can impact health, including that of humans, animals, and the environment.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142601194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125309
Surabhi Shah, Jongmin Oh, Yoorim Bang, Soewoo Jung, Hwan-Cheol Kim, Kyoung Sook Jeong, Mi Hye Park, Kyung A. Lee, Jae-Hong Ryoo, Yi-Jun Kim, Sanghwan Song, Huibyeol Park, Eunhee Ha
Women have ubiquitous exposure to various endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) present in personal care products, food packaging, and processing. Pregnancy is a phase of increased vulnerability to environmental stressors. Therefore, we aimed to identify questionnaire based variables of pregnant women’s lifestyle factors affecting the prenatal concentrations of EDCs: bis-phenol A (BPA), triclosan (TCS), parabens, and phthalates. We also aimed to explore the association between these lifestyle factors and EDC exposure in pregnant women in South Korea. This study is a part of Korean CHildren’s ENvironmental health Study (Ko-CHENS). The following lifestyle factors: usage of personal care products, eating habits, cooking practices, food storage practices, and chemical exposure were evaluated through questionnaire. We examined prenatal EDCs: phenols (BPA), TCS, parabens (MEP, ETP, and PRP), and phthalates (MEHHP, MEOHP, MECPP, MBZP, MCOP, MCPP, MCNP, and MNBP). The random forest and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression machine learning models were used to predict the important lifestyle factors affecting the prenatal EDC concentrations in pregnant women. Next, we calculated the lifestyle score and evaluated its association with prenatal EDCs, respectively. Our results show that pregnant women who used makeup [β: 1.01, 95% C.I.: 0.01,2.00] >6 times/week had a significant increase in early-pregnancy (EP) ΣParaben exposure. Using perfume up to 3 times/month was significantly associated with EP TCS exposure (β: 0.05, 95% C.I.: 0.01,0.23). While, using perfume >6 times/week was significantly associated to late-pregnancy (LP) ΣParaben exposure, and consuming cup noodles significantly increased LP ΣDEHP exposure. Linear model analysis showed that the lifestyle score significantly increased the EP (β: 0.24, 95% C.I.: 0.07,0.40) and LP (β:0.10, 95% C.I.: 0.01,0.20) ΣParaben exposure. Therefore, pregnant women’s lifestyle factors, such as using makeup and perfume and eating habits (e.g., cup noodle consumption), were associated with prenatal EDC exposure.
妇女无处不在地接触到个人护理产品、食品包装和加工过程中存在的各种干扰内分泌的化学物质（EDCs）。怀孕是一个更容易受到环境压力影响的阶段。因此，我们旨在通过问卷调查，找出影响产前 EDCs（双酚 A（BPA）、三氯生（TCS）、对羟基苯甲酸酯和邻苯二甲酸酯）浓度的孕妇生活方式变量。我们还旨在探讨这些生活方式因素与韩国孕妇暴露于 EDC 之间的关联。这项研究是韩国儿童环境健康研究（Ko-CHENS）的一部分。通过问卷调查评估了以下生活方式因素：个人护理产品的使用、饮食习惯、烹饪方法、食物储存方法和化学物质暴露。我们研究了产前 EDCs：酚类（BPA）、三氯碳氢化合物、对羟基苯甲酸酯类（MEP、ETP 和 PRP）和邻苯二甲酸酯类（MEHHP、MEOHP、MECPP、MBZP、MCOP、MCPP、MCNP 和 MNBP）。我们使用随机森林和最小绝对收缩及选择算子回归机器学习模型来预测影响孕妇产前 EDC 浓度的重要生活方式因素。接下来，我们分别计算了生活方式得分并评估了其与产前 EDCs 的关联。我们的结果显示，使用化妆品[β：1.01，95% C.I.：0.01,2.00]>6次/周的孕妇的孕早期（EP）ΣParaben暴露量显著增加。使用香水达 3 次/月与 EP TCS 暴露显著相关（β：0.05，95% C.I.：0.01,0.23）。而每周使用香水 6 次与孕晚期（LP）ΣParaben 暴露显著相关，食用杯面显著增加 LP ΣDEHP 暴露。线性模型分析表明，生活方式得分会明显增加 EP（β：0.24，95% C.I.：0.07,0.40）和 LP（β：0.10，95% C.I.：0.01,0.20）ΣParaben 暴露量。因此，孕妇的生活方式（如使用化妆品和香水）和饮食习惯（如食用杯面）与产前摄入 EDC 相关。
{"title":"Pregnant women’s lifestyles and exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals: a machine learning approach","authors":"Surabhi Shah, Jongmin Oh, Yoorim Bang, Soewoo Jung, Hwan-Cheol Kim, Kyoung Sook Jeong, Mi Hye Park, Kyung A. Lee, Jae-Hong Ryoo, Yi-Jun Kim, Sanghwan Song, Huibyeol Park, Eunhee Ha","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125309","url":null,"abstract":"Women have ubiquitous exposure to various endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) present in personal care products, food packaging, and processing. Pregnancy is a phase of increased vulnerability to environmental stressors. Therefore, we aimed to identify questionnaire based variables of pregnant women’s lifestyle factors affecting the prenatal concentrations of EDCs: bis-phenol A (BPA), triclosan (TCS), parabens, and phthalates. We also aimed to explore the association between these lifestyle factors and EDC exposure in pregnant women in South Korea. This study is a part of Korean CHildren’s ENvironmental health Study (Ko-CHENS). The following lifestyle factors: usage of personal care products, eating habits, cooking practices, food storage practices, and chemical exposure were evaluated through questionnaire. We examined prenatal EDCs: phenols (BPA), TCS, parabens (MEP, ETP, and PRP), and phthalates (MEHHP, MEOHP, MECPP, MBZP, MCOP, MCPP, MCNP, and MNBP). The random forest and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression machine learning models were used to predict the important lifestyle factors affecting the prenatal EDC concentrations in pregnant women. Next, we calculated the lifestyle score and evaluated its association with prenatal EDCs, respectively. Our results show that pregnant women who used makeup [β: 1.01, 95% C.I.: 0.01,2.00] >6 times/week had a significant increase in early-pregnancy (EP) ΣParaben exposure. Using perfume up to 3 times/month was significantly associated with EP TCS exposure (β: 0.05, 95% C.I.: 0.01,0.23). While, using perfume >6 times/week was significantly associated to late-pregnancy (LP) ΣParaben exposure, and consuming cup noodles significantly increased LP ΣDEHP exposure. Linear model analysis showed that the lifestyle score significantly increased the EP (β: 0.24, 95% C.I.: 0.07,0.40) and LP (β:0.10, 95% C.I.: 0.01,0.20) ΣParaben exposure. Therefore, pregnant women’s lifestyle factors, such as using makeup and perfume and eating habits (e.g., cup noodle consumption), were associated with prenatal EDC exposure.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142601186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125205
Trifluralin, Chlorpyrifos, and Procymidone migration performance from polyethylene (PE) and biodegradable (Mater-Bi: M-B) mulching films was examined.…
{"title":"Factors that influence the migration of sorbed pesticides in polyethylene and biodegradable mesoplastics","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125205","url":null,"abstract":"Trifluralin, Chlorpyrifos, and Procymidone migration performance from polyethylene (PE) and biodegradable (Mater-Bi: M-B) mulching films was examined.…","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142601184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-12DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125306
Oriane Della-Negra, Marilia Camotti Bastos, Maria Vittoria Barbieri, Valérie Bru-Adan, Gaëlle Santa-Catalina, Nassim Ait-Mouheb, Serge Chiron, Dominique Patureau
The reuse of treated wastewater (TWW) for irrigation is widely applied to alleviate pressure on freshwater resources. However, TWW contains antibiotics that once in soils, can exert selective pressure, promoting the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the environment. Current environmental risk assessments for antibiotic residues rely on indicators such as Predicted No Effect Concentrations (PNECs), usually determined in liquid media. These PNECs aim to predict antibiotic concentrations that may promote resistance in the environment. Given the complexity of soil matrices, few studies have established PNEC values for soil, which likely differ significantly from aquatic environments.To address this gap, we developed a simplified experimental model using soil microcosms irrigated with TWW and the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX) to estimate threshold concentrations favouring resistance transfer or/and emergence within the soil microbiome. We identified SMX concentrations between 0.01 and 0.1 mg/kgdry soil that likely increased the abundance of sulfonamide resistance genes in soil. A time window of 1 to 7 days post-exposure showed a temporary rise in sul1 and intl1 gene abundance (over 1 log/soil 16S rDNA), the appearance of SMX transformation products, and an increase in some Rhodocyclaceae. After 1.5 months of incubation and complete SMX transformation, the relative abundance of sul1 and intl1 remained about 0.5 log higher than in SMX-free controls and soils with SMX levels below 0.1 mg/kg dry soil. A persistent transformation product, 4-N-glucuronide-SMX, was also observed.Here, the estimated PNEC for SMX in soil, between 0.01 and 0.1 mg/kg, exceeds typical SMX concentrations found in soils exposed to TWW. This may suggest low impact on resistance selection for this compound in the context of TWW exposure. However further studies on other soils, water, and antibiotics need to be conducted to expand our knowledge on soil PNECs.
{"title":"Temporal dynamic of soil microbial communities and antibiotic resistance markers exposed to increasing concentrations of sulfamethoxazole","authors":"Oriane Della-Negra, Marilia Camotti Bastos, Maria Vittoria Barbieri, Valérie Bru-Adan, Gaëlle Santa-Catalina, Nassim Ait-Mouheb, Serge Chiron, Dominique Patureau","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125306","url":null,"abstract":"The reuse of treated wastewater (TWW) for irrigation is widely applied to alleviate pressure on freshwater resources. However, TWW contains antibiotics that once in soils, can exert selective pressure, promoting the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the environment. Current environmental risk assessments for antibiotic residues rely on indicators such as Predicted No Effect Concentrations (PNECs), usually determined in liquid media. These PNECs aim to predict antibiotic concentrations that may promote resistance in the environment. Given the complexity of soil matrices, few studies have established PNEC values for soil, which likely differ significantly from aquatic environments.To address this gap, we developed a simplified experimental model using soil microcosms irrigated with TWW and the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX) to estimate threshold concentrations favouring resistance transfer or/and emergence within the soil microbiome. We identified SMX concentrations between 0.01 and 0.1 mg/kg<sub>dry soil</sub> that likely increased the abundance of sulfonamide resistance genes in soil. A time window of 1 to 7 days post-exposure showed a temporary rise in <em>sul1</em> and <em>intl1</em> gene abundance (over 1 log/soil 16S rDNA), the appearance of SMX transformation products, and an increase in some Rhodocyclaceae. After 1.5 months of incubation and complete SMX transformation, the relative abundance of <em>sul1</em> and <em>intl1</em> remained about 0.5 log higher than in SMX-free controls and soils with SMX levels below 0.1 mg/kg <sub>dry soil</sub>. A persistent transformation product, 4-N-glucuronide-SMX, was also observed.Here, the estimated PNEC for SMX in soil, between 0.01 and 0.1 mg/kg, exceeds typical SMX concentrations found in soils exposed to TWW. This may suggest low impact on resistance selection for this compound in the context of TWW exposure. However further studies on other soils, water, and antibiotics need to be conducted to expand our knowledge on soil PNECs.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142601233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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