Environmental Pollution最新文献_第7页

Efficient electrochemical oxidation of ofloxacin by IrO2 -RuO2-TiO2 /Ti anode: Parameters optimization, kinetics and degradation pathways IrO2 -RuO2-TiO2 /Ti 阳极对氧氟沙星的高效电化学氧化：参数优化、动力学和降解途径

IF 7.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Pollution

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126216

Juxiang Chen, Yanying Jiang, Yuxia Feng, Shangye Yang, Xinrong Shang

Among various pharmaceutical pollutants, fluoroquinolones broad-spectrum antibiotics are major water pollutants, usually present in the aquatic environment as multicomponent mixtures with potentially deleterious effects on humans and the environment. This study used electrochemical oxidation to remove ofloxacin from aqueous solution using Ti and IrO₂–RuO₂–TiO₂/Ti electrodes as cathode and anode, respectively. We investigated the morphology and electrochemical behavior of the selected anode and analyzed the effects of operational variables on the degradation performance of OFL in detail. The results showed that the electrochemical system for degrading OFL possessed high oxidizing activity and excellent durability, and the hydroxyl and reactive chlorine radicals generated by the electrochemical reaction could effectively degrade OFL. As predicted and optimized by the PSO-SVR model, the removal of OFL could be increased to 99.011 % when the electrolyte concentration was 5.65 mM, current density was 3.9 mA/cm², initial pH was 7.12, and treatment time was 3.7 min. In addition, four possible degradation pathways, including ring opening and mineralization, were proposed based on the byproducts calculated by DFT and determined by GC-MS. More importantly, this electrochemical process can efficiently degrade various organic pollutants (ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, oxytetracycline, and chloromycetin). This study provides the theoretical basis and essential data for applying this electrochemical system in wastewater treatment.

{"title":"Efficient electrochemical oxidation of ofloxacin by IrO2 -RuO2-TiO2 /Ti anode: Parameters optimization, kinetics and degradation pathways","authors":"Juxiang Chen, Yanying Jiang, Yuxia Feng, Shangye Yang, Xinrong Shang","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Among various pharmaceutical pollutants, fluoroquinolones broad-spectrum antibiotics are major water pollutants, usually present in the aquatic environment as multicomponent mixtures with potentially deleterious effects on humans and the environment. This study used electrochemical oxidation to remove ofloxacin from aqueous solution using Ti and IrO<sub>2</sub>–RuO<sub>2</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>/Ti electrodes as cathode and anode, respectively. We investigated the morphology and electrochemical behavior of the selected anode and analyzed the effects of operational variables on the degradation performance of OFL in detail. The results showed that the electrochemical system for degrading OFL possessed high oxidizing activity and excellent durability, and the hydroxyl and reactive chlorine radicals generated by the electrochemical reaction could effectively degrade OFL. As predicted and optimized by the PSO-SVR model, the removal of OFL could be increased to 99.011 % when the electrolyte concentration was 5.65 mM, current density was 3.9 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, initial pH was 7.12, and treatment time was 3.7 min. In addition, four possible degradation pathways, including ring opening and mineralization, were proposed based on the byproducts calculated by DFT and determined by GC-MS. More importantly, this electrochemical process can efficiently degrade various organic pollutants (ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, oxytetracycline, and chloromycetin). This study provides the theoretical basis and essential data for applying this electrochemical system in wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 126216"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characteristics, influencing factors, and ecological risks of microplastics in the north branch tidal marshes of the Yangtze River estuary 长江口北支滩涂微塑料的特征、影响因素及生态风险

IF 7.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Pollution

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126230

Qing Wang , Songshuo Li , Yongcheng Ding

Microplastic pollution is a growing global environmental issue, particularly in vulnerable tidal marsh ecosystems, where its environmental behaviour and ecological risks remain poorly understood. This study investigated the microplastic contamination in the north branch tidal marshes of the Yangtze River estuary. Surface sediment samples were collected from 42 stations across 6 transects, revealing an average microplastic abundance of 506.80 ± 386.82 items/kg. The distribution of microplastics was strongly influenced by salinity and vegetation, with seawater intrusion playing a critical role. A significant negative correlation between salinity and microplastic abundance was observed; areas dominated by Phragmites australis (low salinity) had higher microplastic abundance compared to high-salinity areas with sparse vegetation. 12 types of microplastics were identified, with polyethylene and polystyrene being the most abundant (20 % and 19 %, respectively). The most common colours were transparent (26 %) and yellow (23 %), while the predominant shapes were granular (37 %) and fragmentary (32 %). Most microplastics measured under 2000 μm, with the 200–500 μm size range accounting for 49 % of the total. Likely sources of microplastics include aquaculture equipment, industrial products, agricultural cultivation supplies, and daily necessities. Although the ecological risk index for the region is relatively low, the presence of diverse species highlights potential ecological threats.

{"title":"Characteristics, influencing factors, and ecological risks of microplastics in the north branch tidal marshes of the Yangtze River estuary","authors":"Qing Wang , Songshuo Li , Yongcheng Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastic pollution is a growing global environmental issue, particularly in vulnerable tidal marsh ecosystems, where its environmental behaviour and ecological risks remain poorly understood. This study investigated the microplastic contamination in the north branch tidal marshes of the Yangtze River estuary. Surface sediment samples were collected from 42 stations across 6 transects, revealing an average microplastic abundance of 506.80 ± 386.82 items/kg. The distribution of microplastics was strongly influenced by salinity and vegetation, with seawater intrusion playing a critical role. A significant negative correlation between salinity and microplastic abundance was observed; areas dominated by <em>Phragmites australis</em> (low salinity) had higher microplastic abundance compared to high-salinity areas with sparse vegetation. 12 types of microplastics were identified, with polyethylene and polystyrene being the most abundant (20 % and 19 %, respectively). The most common colours were transparent (26 %) and yellow (23 %), while the predominant shapes were granular (37 %) and fragmentary (32 %). Most microplastics measured under 2000 μm, with the 200–500 μm size range accounting for 49 % of the total. Likely sources of microplastics include aquaculture equipment, industrial products, agricultural cultivation supplies, and daily necessities. Although the ecological risk index for the region is relatively low, the presence of diverse species highlights potential ecological threats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 126230"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes in hospital indoor bioaerosols: pollution characteristics, interrelation analysis, and inhalation risk assessment

IF 7.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Pollution

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126243

Yang Liu , Yanjie Wang , Changfu Hao , Yan Li , Hao Lou , Qing Hong , Hao Dong , Haoran Zhu , Bisheng Lai , Yifan Liu , Jinlong Li

Hospitals are high risk areas for the spread of diseases, with indoor bioaerosols containing a variety of pathogens. Inhalation of these pathogens may cause severe nosocomial infections in patients and medical staff. A comprehensive investigation was conducted during the influenza A outbreak to explore the distribution and pathogenic risk of airborne pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) across different hospital departments. It was revealed that airborne bacterial concentrations ranged from 118 to 259 CFU/m³, and the main aerosol particle size was 4.7–5.8 μm (27.7 %). The proportion of bioaerosols smaller than 2.5 μm was highest in the respiratory waiting area (59.3 %). The dominant pathogens detected in hospital air were Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas and Micrococcus. The absolute abundance of ARGs/mobile genetic elements (MGEs) ranged from 0.55 to 479.44 copies/m³, peaking in the respiratory ward air. TetL-02, lnuA-01, intI1, ermB, and qacEdelta1-02 were the top five ARGs/MGEs in hospital air. Moreover, doctors inhaled higher doses of ARGs/MGEs in inpatient wards than outpatient waiting areas. Network analysis identified Pseudomonas, Micrococcus, Microbacterium, and Enterobacter as potential ARGs reservoirs. The Bugbase result showed the presence of potentially pathogenic pathogens in the bioaerosols at all sampling sites. The quantitative microbiological risk assessment results further showed that airborne Staphylococcus could pose an infection risk to medical staff. It was determined that the use of masks was effective in reducing this risk to an acceptable level. This study will provide a scientific basis for comprehensively understanding the characteristics and potential risks of hospital bioaerosols during the outbreak of respiratory infectious diseases.

{"title":"Pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes in hospital indoor bioaerosols: pollution characteristics, interrelation analysis, and inhalation risk assessment","authors":"Yang Liu , Yanjie Wang , Changfu Hao , Yan Li , Hao Lou , Qing Hong , Hao Dong , Haoran Zhu , Bisheng Lai , Yifan Liu , Jinlong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hospitals are high risk areas for the spread of diseases, with indoor bioaerosols containing a variety of pathogens. Inhalation of these pathogens may cause severe nosocomial infections in patients and medical staff. A comprehensive investigation was conducted during the influenza A outbreak to explore the distribution and pathogenic risk of airborne pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) across different hospital departments. It was revealed that airborne bacterial concentrations ranged from 118 to 259 CFU/m<sup>3</sup>, and the main aerosol particle size was 4.7–5.8 μm (27.7 %). The proportion of bioaerosols smaller than 2.5 μm was highest in the respiratory waiting area (59.3 %). The dominant pathogens detected in hospital air were <em>Bacillus</em>, <em>Staphylococcus</em>, <em>Pseudomonas</em> and <em>Micrococcus</em>. The absolute abundance of ARGs/mobile genetic elements (MGEs) ranged from 0.55 to 479.44 copies/m<sup>3</sup>, peaking in the respiratory ward air. <em>TetL-02</em>, <em>lnuA-01</em>, <em>intI1</em>, <em>ermB</em>, and <em>qacEdelta1-02</em> were the top five ARGs/MGEs in hospital air. Moreover, doctors inhaled higher doses of ARGs/MGEs in inpatient wards than outpatient waiting areas. Network analysis identified <em>Pseudomonas</em>, <em>Micrococcus</em>, <em>Microbacterium</em>, and <em>Enterobacter</em> as potential ARGs reservoirs. The Bugbase result showed the presence of potentially pathogenic pathogens in the bioaerosols at all sampling sites. The quantitative microbiological risk assessment results further showed that airborne <em>Staphylococcus</em> could pose an infection risk to medical staff. It was determined that the use of masks was effective in reducing this risk to an acceptable level. This study will provide a scientific basis for comprehensively understanding the characteristics and potential risks of hospital bioaerosols during the outbreak of respiratory infectious diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 126243"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Atmospheric wet deposition monitoring of PCDD/Fs in an urban site: Fluxes, rain concentrations and washout ratios

IF 7.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Pollution

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126224

Abdul Alim Noori , Berke Gülegen , Askin Birgül , Yücel Tasdemir

The fate of atmospheric pollutants can partly be explained by deposition phenomena occurring either wet or dry. This investigation reported the wet deposition flux values of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) utilizing a wet deposition sampler (WDS) in a densely populated urban center in Türkiye between June 2022 and July 2023. The particulate phase in precipitation was captured on a filter, while the dissolved phase was sorbed onto the XAD-2 resin in the WDS. The experimental findings revealed that the average total PCDD/F (∑₁₇PCDD/F) wet deposition flux, measured on a monthly basis, exhibited values of 2030 ± 660 pg/m²-day (n = 12) and 397 ± 186 pg/m²-day (n = 11) for the particulate and dissolved phases, respectively. These results demonstrated that PCDD/Fs were significantly removed from the atmosphere through rainfall. Among the compounds, the most dominant congener was OCDD (744 ± 463 pg/m²-day in particulate and 107 ± 45 pg/m²-day dissolved phase). However, regarding TEQ units, the highest flux belonged to 2,3,7,8-TCDD (3.9 ± 1.2 pg I-TEQ/m²-day for particulate and 4.3 ± 3.0 pg I-TEQ/m²-day for dissolved phase). Rainwater samples revealed that ∑₁₇PCDD/F concentrations in the particulate phase (68.5 ± 44.3 pg/L) significantly exceeded those in the dissolved phase (12.4 ± 5.7 pg/L). The washout ratios for particulate and dissolved phases were calculated using the rainwater and atmospheric concentrations of PCDD/Fs. These ratios ranged between 1.44 × 10⁴ and 3.76 × 10⁵ for particulate phases and from 8.41 × 10³ to 8.75 × 10⁵ for dissolved phases. Consequently, the washout rates of 4- and 5-chlorinated compounds were lower than those of 7- and 8-chlorinated compounds. During the winter months, an increase in the PCDD/F pollution level was observed, leading to higher detections of PCDD/Fs in wet deposition compared to other seasons. However, this situation was not mirrored in the concentrations found in rainwater. The frequency of precipitation and the high volume of rainwater during the colder months resulted in lower concentrations.

{"title":"Atmospheric wet deposition monitoring of PCDD/Fs in an urban site: Fluxes, rain concentrations and washout ratios","authors":"Abdul Alim Noori , Berke Gülegen , Askin Birgül , Yücel Tasdemir","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fate of atmospheric pollutants can partly be explained by deposition phenomena occurring either wet or dry. This investigation reported the wet deposition flux values of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) utilizing a wet deposition sampler (WDS) in a densely populated urban center in Türkiye between June 2022 and July 2023. The particulate phase in precipitation was captured on a filter, while the dissolved phase was sorbed onto the XAD-2 resin in the WDS. The experimental findings revealed that the average total PCDD/F (∑<sub>17</sub>PCDD/F) wet deposition flux, measured on a monthly basis, exhibited values of 2030 ± 660 pg/m<sup>2</sup>-day (n = 12) and 397 ± 186 pg/m<sup>2</sup>-day (n = 11) for the particulate and dissolved phases, respectively. These results demonstrated that PCDD/Fs were significantly removed from the atmosphere through rainfall. Among the compounds, the most dominant congener was OCDD (744 ± 463 pg/m<sup>2</sup>-day in particulate and 107 ± 45 pg/m<sup>2</sup>-day dissolved phase). However, regarding TEQ units, the highest flux belonged to 2,3,7,8-TCDD (3.9 ± 1.2 pg I-TEQ/m<sup>2</sup>-day for particulate and 4.3 ± 3.0 pg I-TEQ/m<sup>2</sup>-day for dissolved phase). Rainwater samples revealed that ∑<sub>17</sub>PCDD/F concentrations in the particulate phase (68.5 ± 44.3 pg/L) significantly exceeded those in the dissolved phase (12.4 ± 5.7 pg/L). The washout ratios for particulate and dissolved phases were calculated using the rainwater and atmospheric concentrations of PCDD/Fs. These ratios ranged between 1.44 × 10<sup>4</sup> and 3.76 × 10<sup>5</sup> for particulate phases and from 8.41 × 10<sup>3</sup> to 8.75 × 10<sup>5</sup> for dissolved phases. Consequently, the washout rates of 4- and 5-chlorinated compounds were lower than those of 7- and 8-chlorinated compounds. During the winter months, an increase in the PCDD/F pollution level was observed, leading to higher detections of PCDD/Fs in wet deposition compared to other seasons. However, this situation was not mirrored in the concentrations found in rainwater. The frequency of precipitation and the high volume of rainwater during the colder months resulted in lower concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 126224"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biomass burning smoke pollution stimulates painted lady butterflies (Vanessa cardui L.) to increase flight speed

IF 7.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Pollution

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126228

Yanan Liu , Mark J. Grosvenor , Martin J. Wooster , Bruce Main , Su Yan , Robert Francis , Eduri Venter

Smoke from biomass burning significantly degrades air quality due to high concentrations of particulate matter (PM_2.5) and trace gases. While the ecological and health impacts of smoke pollution are well documented, its effects on insect migration remain poorly understood. In this study, we conducted two experiments to investigate the flight performance of Vanessa cardui butterflies under varying smoke conditions and identify the mechanisms influencing their behaviour. Butterflies were tethered to flight mills (TFMs) for 6 h, during which flight speed, distance, and duration were recorded across clean-air conditions and three levels of PM_2.5 concentrations. Statistical analysis revealed that flight speed increases significantly as smoke concentration increases, although the increased range decreases. At a mean PM_2.5 concentration of 120 μg m⁻³, flight speed increased by 52 % compared to clean-air conditions. To determine whether particulate matter was driving this response, individuals were exposed to smoke with and without particulates. In smoke with particulates retained, butterflies exhibited nearly double the flight speed compared to filtered smoke, indicating that particulates play a key role in altering flight behaviour. Scanning electron microscopy revealed significant deposition of smoke particulates on the antennae and abdomen, suggesting a sensory or physical response triggering accelerated flight. We interpret these findings as evidence that Vanessa cardui accelerates flight in smoky environments as an escape response. This study highlights the remarkable sensitivity of butterflies to smoke pollution and provides novel insights into the ecological consequences of biomass burning, particularly its potential impacts on insect behaviour and migration dynamics.

{"title":"Biomass burning smoke pollution stimulates painted lady butterflies (Vanessa cardui L.) to increase flight speed","authors":"Yanan Liu , Mark J. Grosvenor , Martin J. Wooster , Bruce Main , Su Yan , Robert Francis , Eduri Venter","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Smoke from biomass burning significantly degrades air quality due to high concentrations of particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) and trace gases. While the ecological and health impacts of smoke pollution are well documented, its effects on insect migration remain poorly understood. In this study, we conducted two experiments to investigate the flight performance of <em>Vanessa cardui</em> butterflies under varying smoke conditions and identify the mechanisms influencing their behaviour. Butterflies were tethered to flight mills (TFMs) for 6 h, during which flight speed, distance, and duration were recorded across clean-air conditions and three levels of PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations. Statistical analysis revealed that flight speed increases significantly as smoke concentration increases, although the increased range decreases. At a mean PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration of 120 μg m<sup>−3</sup>, flight speed increased by 52 % compared to clean-air conditions. To determine whether particulate matter was driving this response, individuals were exposed to smoke with and without particulates. In smoke with particulates retained, butterflies exhibited nearly double the flight speed compared to filtered smoke, indicating that particulates play a key role in altering flight behaviour. Scanning electron microscopy revealed significant deposition of smoke particulates on the antennae and abdomen, suggesting a sensory or physical response triggering accelerated flight. We interpret these findings as evidence that <em>Vanessa cardui</em> accelerates flight in smoky environments as an escape response. This study highlights the remarkable sensitivity of butterflies to smoke pollution and provides novel insights into the ecological consequences of biomass burning, particularly its potential impacts on insect behaviour and migration dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 126228"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Indoor/outdoor air quality in primary schools in Luanda

IF 7.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Pollution

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126244

Célia Alves , Yago Cipoli , Leonardo Furst , Estela Vicente , Joaquim Ituamba , Anabela Leitão

Despite the numerous studies on particulate matter and gaseous pollutants in school environments in developed countries, air quality in African schools has been largely neglected. In this work, the atmospheric concentrations of particulate matter (PM₁₀) were evaluated in various classrooms and outdoor courtyards of four primary schools in Luanda, Angola, using photometric monitors and gravimetric samplers. Comfort parameters, carbon oxides (CO and CO₂) and total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) were measured in real time. Passive sampling was also used to assess the levels of various gaseous pollutants: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX), ozone (O₃), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), and carbonyl compounds. The daily PM₁₀ concentrations (62.0 ± 37.0 μg/m³) exceeded the WHO guideline value on 68% of the days. Indoor PM₁₀ levels were usually lower than outdoors, except at one school with poor structural conditions and unpaved roads in the vicinity. Average temperature and relative humidity levels consistently exceeded recommended standards, potentially impacting academic performance. CO₂ and TVOCs levels followed occupancy patterns, with elevated concentrations exceeding international standards in just one classroom due to poor ventilation. NO₂ concentrations in the classrooms were very similar to those recorded outdoors, whereas BTEX levels slightly exceeded those measured in the courtyards. These compounds were primarily attributed to emissions from road traffic. O₃ levels in the classrooms were, on average, 2.3 times lower than those outdoors. For most carbonyl compounds, indoor concentrations were 1.8–3.8 times higher than those measured outdoors, suggesting the presence of active emission sources indoors. Butyraldehyde, formaldehyde, and hexaldehyde were the most abundant carbonyl compounds. While BTEX, O₃, and NO₂ levels in Luanda aligned with those reported for European schools, formaldehyde concentrations were lower, likely due to better natural ventilation supported by the milder climate.

{"title":"Indoor/outdoor air quality in primary schools in Luanda","authors":"Célia Alves , Yago Cipoli , Leonardo Furst , Estela Vicente , Joaquim Ituamba , Anabela Leitão","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the numerous studies on particulate matter and gaseous pollutants in school environments in developed countries, air quality in African schools has been largely neglected. In this work, the atmospheric concentrations of particulate matter (PM<sub>10</sub>) were evaluated in various classrooms and outdoor courtyards of four primary schools in Luanda, Angola, using photometric monitors and gravimetric samplers. Comfort parameters, carbon oxides (CO and CO<sub>2</sub>) and total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) were measured in real time. Passive sampling was also used to assess the levels of various gaseous pollutants: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX), ozone (O<sub>3</sub>), nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>), and carbonyl compounds. The daily PM<sub>10</sub> concentrations (62.0 ± 37.0 μg/m<sup>3</sup>) exceeded the WHO guideline value on 68% of the days. Indoor PM<sub>10</sub> levels were usually lower than outdoors, except at one school with poor structural conditions and unpaved roads in the vicinity. Average temperature and relative humidity levels consistently exceeded recommended standards, potentially impacting academic performance. CO<sub>2</sub> and TVOCs levels followed occupancy patterns, with elevated concentrations exceeding international standards in just one classroom due to poor ventilation. NO<sub>2</sub> concentrations in the classrooms were very similar to those recorded outdoors, whereas BTEX levels slightly exceeded those measured in the courtyards. These compounds were primarily attributed to emissions from road traffic. O<sub>3</sub> levels in the classrooms were, on average, 2.3 times lower than those outdoors. For most carbonyl compounds, indoor concentrations were 1.8–3.8 times higher than those measured outdoors, suggesting the presence of active emission sources indoors. Butyraldehyde, formaldehyde, and hexaldehyde were the most abundant carbonyl compounds. While BTEX, O<sub>3</sub>, and NO<sub>2</sub> levels in Luanda aligned with those reported for European schools, formaldehyde concentrations were lower, likely due to better natural ventilation supported by the milder climate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 126244"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The repairing effect of baicalein on lead induced damage to the gut-liver axis in tadpoles

IF 7.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Pollution

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126232

Minyi Huang , Wentao Huang , Renyan Duan , Yingfeng Huang , Yongqiang Xia

Baicalein has pharmacological functions, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and has been shown to alleviate damage to organs caused by environmental pollutants. However, the mechanism by which baicalein reduces the toxic effects of metals needs further research. This study used Pelophylax nigromaculatus tadpoles as a model to explore the toxicological effects of lead (Pb) on the gut-liver axis, and the mechanism by which baicalein alleviates lead toxicity. Analysis of the gut microbiota showed that baicalein alleviated abnormal changes in the gut microbiota following Pb exposure, mainly by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacterial genera, including Cetobacterium, Clostridioides, and Monoglobus. Liver metabolomics showed that compared to a natural recovery, baicalein treatment significantly increased the content of metabolites such as uridine, 17α-hydroxypregnenolone, niacin, and cucurbitacin E, and significantly reduced the content of metabolites such as linoleic, gluconic acid, and tetrahydrocortisone. These differential metabolites could be enriched in pathways such as pyrimidine metabolism, nicotinic acid and nicotinamide metabolism, and steroid hormone biosynthesis, which were beneficial for the treatment of liver injury. There was a significant correlation between the gut microbiota and the main differential metabolites in the liver with the addition of baicalein. The improvement of these metabolic pathways by baicalein is beneficial for the repair of the liver and intestines. Therefore, baicalein can increase the abundance of beneficial gut microbiota, improve liver metabolism, and thus reduce the damage of Pb exposure to the gut-liver axis.

{"title":"The repairing effect of baicalein on lead induced damage to the gut-liver axis in tadpoles","authors":"Minyi Huang , Wentao Huang , Renyan Duan , Yingfeng Huang , Yongqiang Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Baicalein has pharmacological functions, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and has been shown to alleviate damage to organs caused by environmental pollutants. However, the mechanism by which baicalein reduces the toxic effects of metals needs further research. This study used <em>Pelophylax nigromaculatus</em> tadpoles as a model to explore the toxicological effects of lead (Pb) on the gut-liver axis, and the mechanism by which baicalein alleviates lead toxicity. Analysis of the gut microbiota showed that baicalein alleviated abnormal changes in the gut microbiota following Pb exposure, mainly by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacterial genera, including <em>Cetobacterium</em>, <em>Clostridioides</em>, and <em>Monoglobus</em>. Liver metabolomics showed that compared to a natural recovery, baicalein treatment significantly increased the content of metabolites such as uridine, 17α-hydroxypregnenolone, niacin, and cucurbitacin E, and significantly reduced the content of metabolites such as linoleic, gluconic acid, and tetrahydrocortisone. These differential metabolites could be enriched in pathways such as pyrimidine metabolism, nicotinic acid and nicotinamide metabolism, and steroid hormone biosynthesis, which were beneficial for the treatment of liver injury. There was a significant correlation between the gut microbiota and the main differential metabolites in the liver with the addition of baicalein. The improvement of these metabolic pathways by baicalein is beneficial for the repair of the liver and intestines. Therefore, baicalein can increase the abundance of beneficial gut microbiota, improve liver metabolism, and thus reduce the damage of Pb exposure to the gut-liver axis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 126232"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diurnal impacts of tire wear and waste burning on fine particulate matter concentrations in a metropolitan area

IF 7.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Pollution

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126229

Sea-Ho Oh , Chaehyeong Park , Geun-Hye Yu , Hajeong Jeon , James J. Schauer , Min-Suk Bae

The ecological toxicity of N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), an antioxidant used in tires, has been investigated in studies of fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) related to public health. Using samples collected in 3-h intervals from January to March 2024 (as part of the Asia-AQ campaign in Northeast Asia.), this study identifies 6PPD-quinone (6PPD-Q) along with terephthalic acid from waste polyethylene terephthalate using liquid chromatography–time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. The vehicle-tire wear (2 %) and tailpipe emissions (6 %), as well as wood burning (19 %) and waste food burning (9 %) were identified in PM_2.5. Overall, waste burning contributed 28 % to PM_2.5. Other identified sources included secondary sulfate and secondary nitrate. 6PPD-Q from tire wear exhibited concentrations peaking during daytime. Titanium emissions, used as a proxy for brake wear, were found to contain redox-active metals for 6PPD-Q. Terephthalic acid, levoglucosan, and cholesterol displayed strong diurnal patterns, with significant nighttime contributions from waste burning. These findings emphasize the substantial impact of primary sources on PM_2.5 concentrations. Additionally, they underscore the importance of high temporal resolution for accurate source identification and highlight the urgent need to address tire- and waste-related pollution in urban environments.

{"title":"Diurnal impacts of tire wear and waste burning on fine particulate matter concentrations in a metropolitan area","authors":"Sea-Ho Oh , Chaehyeong Park , Geun-Hye Yu , Hajeong Jeon , James J. Schauer , Min-Suk Bae","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ecological toxicity of N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), an antioxidant used in tires, has been investigated in studies of fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) related to public health. Using samples collected in 3-h intervals from January to March 2024 (as part of the Asia-AQ campaign in Northeast Asia.), this study identifies 6PPD-quinone (6PPD-Q) along with terephthalic acid from waste polyethylene terephthalate using liquid chromatography–time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. The vehicle-tire wear (2 %) and tailpipe emissions (6 %), as well as wood burning (19 %) and waste food burning (9 %) were identified in PM<sub>2.5</sub>. Overall, waste burning contributed 28 % to PM<sub>2.5</sub>. Other identified sources included secondary sulfate and secondary nitrate. 6PPD-Q from tire wear exhibited concentrations peaking during daytime. Titanium emissions, used as a proxy for brake wear, were found to contain redox-active metals for 6PPD-Q. Terephthalic acid, levoglucosan, and cholesterol displayed strong diurnal patterns, with significant nighttime contributions from waste burning. These findings emphasize the substantial impact of primary sources on PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations. Additionally, they underscore the importance of high temporal resolution for accurate source identification and highlight the urgent need to address tire- and waste-related pollution in urban environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 126229"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correcting microplastic pollution and risk assessment in Chinese watersheds

IF 7.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Pollution

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126241

Feng Yu , Weiwei Yu , Yan Zhao , Yue Liang , Jiang Hu , Rongqi Liu , Shiling Chen , Qinwei Chen , Yuanxin Liu , Xiyin Zheng , Xinyan Li

Microplastics (MPs) are emerging pollutants that are attracting attention because of their potential threats posed and their widespread presence in the environment. MP pollution in Chinese watersheds requires assessment; however, existing risk models face data-scale biases. By compiling 2,474 samples from 165 articles, we constructed a national dataset on MPs and propose a novel framework that integrates rescaled MP concentrations with MP characteristics to recalibrate MP pollution and ecological risks. The results showed that MP concentrations show substantial variability across seven orders of magnitude, and corrected data offered a more accurate representation of environmental concentrations. MP shapes, polymers, and colors differed among river basins, and population density and precipitation were important drivers of variations in MP concentrations. MP shapes, colors, and sizes that were not previously considered are now included in the risk assessment of MPs. Furthermore, 50 % of the sampling sites were in the dangerous and extremely dangerous ecological risk classes. The concentrations measured at 16.98 % of the sampling sites exceeded the risk threshold, therefore posing ecological and toxicological risks. The assessment framework may provide overall insights into the differences in MP pollution in river basins.

{"title":"Correcting microplastic pollution and risk assessment in Chinese watersheds","authors":"Feng Yu , Weiwei Yu , Yan Zhao , Yue Liang , Jiang Hu , Rongqi Liu , Shiling Chen , Qinwei Chen , Yuanxin Liu , Xiyin Zheng , Xinyan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) are emerging pollutants that are attracting attention because of their potential threats posed and their widespread presence in the environment. MP pollution in Chinese watersheds requires assessment; however, existing risk models face data-scale biases. By compiling 2,474 samples from 165 articles, we constructed a national dataset on MPs and propose a novel framework that integrates rescaled MP concentrations with MP characteristics to recalibrate MP pollution and ecological risks. The results showed that MP concentrations show substantial variability across seven orders of magnitude, and corrected data offered a more accurate representation of environmental concentrations. MP shapes, polymers, and colors differed among river basins, and population density and precipitation were important drivers of variations in MP concentrations. MP shapes, colors, and sizes that were not previously considered are now included in the risk assessment of MPs. Furthermore, 50 % of the sampling sites were in the dangerous and extremely dangerous ecological risk classes. The concentrations measured at 16.98 % of the sampling sites exceeded the risk threshold, therefore posing ecological and toxicological risks. The assessment framework may provide overall insights into the differences in MP pollution in river basins.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 126241"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-mechanistic effects of bisphenol A on testicular dysfunction and endocrine disruption in adult male Labeo bata: oxidative stress, inflammation, and dysregulated energy sensors 双酚 A 对成年雄性鲭鱼睾丸功能障碍和内分泌紊乱的多机制影响：氧化应激、炎症和能量传感器失调

IF 7.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Pollution

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126231

Urmi Mukherjee, Soumyajyoti Ghosh, Sudipta Maitra

Leaching of BPA, a potent endocrine disruptor, from microplastics in aquatic environments has garnered renewed interest in its impact on male reproduction. However, the mechanisms underlying BPA modulation of testicular metabolic, endocrine, and autocrine-paracrine axes in teleost remained relatively unexplored, prompting us to examine BPA-induced testicular dysfunction in adult male Labeo bata. Present results demonstrate that congruent with reduced gonadosomatic index (GSI), chronic BPA treatment at environmentally relevant concentrations enhanced ROS synthesis, oxidative stress, and testicular histopathology characterized by reduced diameter of seminiferous tubules, a sharp decline in spermatozoa, and elevated fibrosis during the spawning season. Elevated NO levels, pro-inflammatory cytokines and NLRP3-inflammasome activation correlated with cleaved caspase −8, −9, −3 activation, altered Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, heightened caspase −3 immunolocalization and TUNEL staining, suggesting DNA damage and apoptosis in BPA-treated testis. Besides, BPA attenuation of cyclin B synthesis and p-p34cdc2 (Thr161) phosphorylation (activation), markers associated with altered meiotic cell cycle progression, corresponded with heightened apoptosis and loss of spermatogenic cells. Importantly, disrupted estrogen and membrane progestin receptor (ERα, ERβ, mPRα-PGRMC1) homeostasis, alteration in gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) and steroidogenic markers and elevated P450 aromatase immunolocalization indicate endocrine disruption and heightened estrogenic influence of BPA, inducing testicular dysfunction. Congruently, BPA modulation of cellular energy sensors (SIRT1/p-AMPKα/PGC-1α), factors influencing testicular endocrine, paracrine and prostaglandin signalling, and MAPK modulation might indicate pleiotropic regulation by BPA triggering reproductive toxicity. While Pearson's correlation and elevated multi-biomarker IBR indices support testicular dysfunction, present findings highlight the need for further research initiatives and strict regimens to combat ecological risks posed by BPA contamination.

{"title":"Multi-mechanistic effects of bisphenol A on testicular dysfunction and endocrine disruption in adult male Labeo bata: oxidative stress, inflammation, and dysregulated energy sensors","authors":"Urmi Mukherjee, Soumyajyoti Ghosh, Sudipta Maitra","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Leaching of BPA, a potent endocrine disruptor, from microplastics in aquatic environments has garnered renewed interest in its impact on male reproduction. However, the mechanisms underlying BPA modulation of testicular metabolic, endocrine, and autocrine-paracrine axes in teleost remained relatively unexplored, prompting us to examine BPA-induced testicular dysfunction in adult male <em>Labeo bata</em>. Present results demonstrate that congruent with reduced gonadosomatic index (GSI), chronic BPA treatment at environmentally relevant concentrations enhanced ROS synthesis, oxidative stress, and testicular histopathology characterized by reduced diameter of seminiferous tubules, a sharp decline in spermatozoa, and elevated fibrosis during the spawning season. Elevated NO levels, pro-inflammatory cytokines and NLRP3-inflammasome activation correlated with cleaved caspase −8, −9, −3 activation, altered Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, heightened caspase −3 immunolocalization and TUNEL staining, suggesting DNA damage and apoptosis in BPA-treated testis. Besides, BPA attenuation of cyclin B synthesis and p-p34cdc2 (Thr161) phosphorylation (activation), markers associated with altered meiotic cell cycle progression, corresponded with heightened apoptosis and loss of spermatogenic cells. Importantly, disrupted estrogen and membrane progestin receptor (ERα, ERβ, mPRα-PGRMC1) homeostasis, alteration in gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) and steroidogenic markers and elevated P450 aromatase immunolocalization indicate endocrine disruption and heightened estrogenic influence of BPA, inducing testicular dysfunction. Congruently, BPA modulation of cellular energy sensors (SIRT1/p-AMPKα/PGC-1α), factors influencing testicular endocrine, paracrine and prostaglandin signalling, and MAPK modulation might indicate pleiotropic regulation by BPA triggering reproductive toxicity. While Pearson's correlation and elevated multi-biomarker IBR indices support testicular dysfunction, present findings highlight the need for further research initiatives and strict regimens to combat ecological risks posed by BPA contamination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 126231"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0