Pub Date : 2025-02-13DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125864
Geovana Maloni , Lucas Miotelo , Igor Vinicius Ramos Otero , Fernanda Carolaine de Souza , Roberta Cornélio Ferreira Nocelli , Osmar Malaspina
Native and cultivated plants in the Neotropics benefit from the pollination services provided by stingless bees. The use of neonicotinoid insecticides negatively impacts bee health, even though bees are not their primary targets. This study determined the oral mean lethal concentration (LC50) of thiamethoxam (TMX) after 24 h of exposure for the stingless bee Scaptotrigona postica. Based on the LC₅₀ value (0.11 ng a.i./μL) obtained, two fractions of this value (1/10 and 1/100 LC₅₀) were selected to assess survival time (LT₅₀), as well as to conduct neural morphological and enzymatic analyses. The LC₅₀/100 group had a LT₅₀ of 15 days, compared to 17 days in the control group, while the LC₅₀/10 group survived for 8 days. Morphological analyses revealed increased Kenyon cell spacing and pyknosis in the mushroom bodies after 1, 3, and 6 days of exposure, suggesting that thiamethoxam adversely affects the brain of S. postica. Regarding enzymatic activity, comparisons between the control and the two sublethal concentrations revealed that Carboxylesterase and Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity increased in the abdomens after six days of exposure. GST activity also increased in the bees' heads for the LC₅₀/10 concentration after six days of exposure (Control x TMX group). The enzymatic results suggests that thiamethoxam induces oxidative stress in S. postica. The results presented underscore the necessity of considering stingless bees in regulatory decisions regarding the use of insecticides, ensuring that the risks to this important group of pollinators are adequately assessed.
{"title":"Acute toxicity and sublethal effects of thiamethoxam on the stingless bee Scaptotrigona postica: Survival, neural morphology, and enzymatic responses","authors":"Geovana Maloni , Lucas Miotelo , Igor Vinicius Ramos Otero , Fernanda Carolaine de Souza , Roberta Cornélio Ferreira Nocelli , Osmar Malaspina","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Native and cultivated plants in the Neotropics benefit from the pollination services provided by stingless bees. The use of neonicotinoid insecticides negatively impacts bee health, even though bees are not their primary targets. This study determined the oral mean lethal concentration (LC<sub>50</sub>) of thiamethoxam (TMX) after 24 h of exposure for the stingless bee <em>Scaptotrigona postica</em>. Based on the LC₅₀ value (0.11 ng a.i./μL) obtained, two fractions of this value (1/10 and 1/100 LC₅₀) were selected to assess survival time (LT₅₀), as well as to conduct neural morphological and enzymatic analyses. The LC₅₀/100 group had a LT₅₀ of 15 days, compared to 17 days in the control group, while the LC₅₀/10 group survived for 8 days. Morphological analyses revealed increased Kenyon cell spacing and pyknosis in the mushroom bodies after 1, 3, and 6 days of exposure, suggesting that thiamethoxam adversely affects the brain of <em>S. postica</em>. Regarding enzymatic activity, comparisons between the control and the two sublethal concentrations revealed that Carboxylesterase and Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity increased in the abdomens after six days of exposure. GST activity also increased in the bees' heads for the LC₅₀/10 concentration after six days of exposure (Control x TMX group). The enzymatic results suggests that thiamethoxam induces oxidative stress in <em>S. postica</em>. The results presented underscore the necessity of considering stingless bees in regulatory decisions regarding the use of insecticides, ensuring that the risks to this important group of pollinators are adequately assessed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 125864"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143401937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-13DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125848
Sansan Feng , Hongwei Lu , Yuxuan Xue , Hengchen Li , Chaodong Zhou , Pengdong Yan , Xiaohan Zhang
Microplastics (MPs) are widespread in various environments worldwide, they pose a serious threat to ecosystems. As a typical remote area, the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP) has a sophisticated road system. However, the contributions of anthropogenic and natural factors to MP accumulation in remote plateau regions remain unclear. Here, we investigated the distribution, driving factors, and main sources of MPs in the source area of Yellow River on the QTP. MPs in soil showed an average abundance of (75.39 ± 49.16) items/kg, which was approximately 1–103 lower than that in the lower sections of Yellow River. Film, transparent color, and polyethylene were the common shapes, colors, and polymers, respectively. Under different land uses, MP abundance was remarkably higher in nonagricultural soils than in farmland. The influencing factors, source analysis on the basis of MP characteristics, and statistical analysis (redundancy analysis and structural equation modeling) showed that MP abundance was influenced by nonagricultural activities (tourism, traffic, and grazing). Utilizing the conditional fragmentation model, we further revealed that MP abundance in the upstream and downstream regions was related to roadside dust (traffic) and atmospheric dust. It was associated with human activities, including plastic packaging waste from tourism and herdsmen, in the midstream region. Moreover, MPs in farmland were related to local sources (fertilizers). These results provide valuable information on MP distribution in headstream areas and thus contribute to controlling potential MP pollution on the QTP.
{"title":"Driving factors and sources of microplastics in soils in the Yellow River source area","authors":"Sansan Feng , Hongwei Lu , Yuxuan Xue , Hengchen Li , Chaodong Zhou , Pengdong Yan , Xiaohan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) are widespread in various environments worldwide, they pose a serious threat to ecosystems. As a typical remote area, the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP) has a sophisticated road system. However, the contributions of anthropogenic and natural factors to MP accumulation in remote plateau regions remain unclear. Here, we investigated the distribution, driving factors, and main sources of MPs in the source area of Yellow River on the QTP. MPs in soil showed an average abundance of (75.39 ± 49.16) items/kg, which was approximately 1–10<sup>3</sup> lower than that in the lower sections of Yellow River. Film, transparent color, and polyethylene were the common shapes, colors, and polymers, respectively. Under different land uses, MP abundance was remarkably higher in nonagricultural soils than in farmland. The influencing factors, source analysis on the basis of MP characteristics, and statistical analysis (redundancy analysis and structural equation modeling) showed that MP abundance was influenced by nonagricultural activities (tourism, traffic, and grazing). Utilizing the conditional fragmentation model, we further revealed that MP abundance in the upstream and downstream regions was related to roadside dust (traffic) and atmospheric dust. It was associated with human activities, including plastic packaging waste from tourism and herdsmen, in the midstream region. Moreover, MPs in farmland were related to local sources (fertilizers). These results provide valuable information on MP distribution in headstream areas and thus contribute to controlling potential MP pollution on the QTP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 125848"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143401667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the interactions between turbulence and biofouling and their influence on the vertical transport of buoyant microplastic particles in a marine environment. We explore the sinking characteristics for a range of particle densities and sizes, focusing on comparing laminar and turbulent flows with diffusivity profiles typical of the North Pacific Ocean. The results show the existence of three flow regimes based on the relative importance between turbulent fluctuations and biofilm growth. The biofouling process determines the vertical motion of microplastic particles of sizes in the millimeter range. In contrast, particles in the micrometer range are found to follow flow trajectories without any significant influence from biofouling. We observe that turbulence, on average, promotes the beginning of the vertical particle settling; for example, a high-density polyethylene particle of 1 in size has an average settling onset of 10 days in the presence of turbulence, while in its absence, this occurs in 19 days. We also show that turbulence causes buoyant microplastic particles smaller than 0.1 to spend their entire lifespan underwater. Finally, the probability distributions for particle size after 100 days in the ocean reveal that particle density strongly influences the biofilm thickness for particles larger than . We will discuss the implications of these results for tracking the motion of microplastic particles in large-scale regional or global numerical models.
{"title":"Vertical transport of buoyant microplastic particles in the ocean: The role of turbulence and biofouling","authors":"Thisal Mandula Sugathapala , Tonia Capuano , Luca Brandt , Daniele Iudicone , Gaetano Sardina","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the interactions between turbulence and biofouling and their influence on the vertical transport of buoyant microplastic particles in a marine environment. We explore the sinking characteristics for a range of particle densities and sizes, focusing on comparing laminar and turbulent flows with diffusivity profiles typical of the North Pacific Ocean. The results show the existence of three flow regimes based on the relative importance between turbulent fluctuations and biofilm growth. The biofouling process determines the vertical motion of microplastic particles of sizes in the millimeter range. In contrast, particles in the micrometer range are found to follow flow trajectories without any significant influence from biofouling. We observe that turbulence, on average, promotes the beginning of the vertical particle settling; for example, a high-density polyethylene particle of 1 <span><math><mi>mm</mi></math></span> in size has an average settling onset of 10 days in the presence of turbulence, while in its absence, this occurs in 19 days. We also show that turbulence causes buoyant microplastic particles smaller than 0.1 <span><math><mi>mm</mi></math></span> to spend their entire lifespan underwater. Finally, the probability distributions for particle size after 100 days in the ocean reveal that particle density strongly influences the biofilm thickness for particles larger than <span><math><mrow><mn>10</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>. We will discuss the implications of these results for tracking the motion of microplastic particles in large-scale regional or global numerical models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 125819"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143417707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-13DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125845
Jakki Narasimha Rao, Tanushree Parsai
Wildfires, both natural and man-made, release and mobilize hazardous substances such as heavy metal(loids) (HM), which are known carcinogens. Following intense rainfall events, HM bound to soil organic matter are transported from the soil to surface water, resulting in water quality degradation. This study reviews the pollution status of HM in wildfire-affected soil and surface water, as well as their toxic effects on aquatic organisms and humans. The rate of HM release during wildfires depends on factors such as the type of tree burned and fire severity. The mobility of HM from soil to surface water is influenced by soil pH, organic matter content, rainfall intensity, and duration. The risk priority number (RPN) analysis indicates that both wildfire-affected soil and surface water require remediation to address HM contamination. HM concentrations in both soil and surface water decrease over time due to soil erosion, wind, storm events, and the depletion of burnt residues. The greatest percentage changes in HM concentrations in burned soils compared to unburned soils were observed for vanadium (340%), nickel (260%), and arsenic (110%). In surface water, the highest increases were seen for iron (740%), vanadium (530%), and aluminium (510%). Wildfire-affected water has been shown to cause toxic effects in aquatic organisms, including DNA damage, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation. The consumption of HM-contaminated water and fish poses significant health risks to humans. Therefore, post-fire monitoring of wildfire-affected areas is essential for designing treatment plants, assessing risks, and establishing maximum allowable HM concentrations in water.
{"title":"Pollution and toxicity of heavy metals in wildfires-affected soil and surface water: A review and meta-analysis","authors":"Jakki Narasimha Rao, Tanushree Parsai","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125845","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125845","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wildfires, both natural and man-made, release and mobilize hazardous substances such as heavy metal(loids) (HM), which are known carcinogens. Following intense rainfall events, HM bound to soil organic matter are transported from the soil to surface water, resulting in water quality degradation. This study reviews the pollution status of HM in wildfire-affected soil and surface water, as well as their toxic effects on aquatic organisms and humans. The rate of HM release during wildfires depends on factors such as the type of tree burned and fire severity. The mobility of HM from soil to surface water is influenced by soil pH, organic matter content, rainfall intensity, and duration. The risk priority number (RPN) analysis indicates that both wildfire-affected soil and surface water require remediation to address HM contamination. HM concentrations in both soil and surface water decrease over time due to soil erosion, wind, storm events, and the depletion of burnt residues. The greatest percentage changes in HM concentrations in burned soils compared to unburned soils were observed for vanadium (340%), nickel (260%), and arsenic (110%). In surface water, the highest increases were seen for iron (740%), vanadium (530%), and aluminium (510%). Wildfire-affected water has been shown to cause toxic effects in aquatic organisms, including DNA damage, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation. The consumption of HM-contaminated water and fish poses significant health risks to humans. Therefore, post-fire monitoring of wildfire-affected areas is essential for designing treatment plants, assessing risks, and establishing maximum allowable HM concentrations in water.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 125845"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143417630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multiple studies have raised concerns about the impact of long-term exposure to environmental pollutants on the occurrence and progression of cancer, but little is known about how these compounds affect the treatment of cancer patients. In this work, two common pollutants including benzo [a]pyrene (B [a]P) and catechol (CL) were tested for their chronic effects on the efficacy of common chemotherapeutic drug in lung cancer (A549) cells. Both pollutants were unlikely to be the substrates of ABC transporters, as their toxicity was unaffected by ABC transporter inhibitors. However, their repeated exposure led to the generation of chemoresistance to doxorubicin (DOX) and cisplatin (CDDP), indicating the formation of multidrug-resistance (MDR) cells. Compared with DOX-resistant cells, decreased expression of ABC transporters but increased responses were found in pollutants-resistant cells. In addition, pollutants-resistant cells were more potent in up-regulating anti-apoptosis, proliferation, and migration pathways, which were confirmed by the wound-healing and apoptosis assays. Overall, these results indicated a distinct MDR mechanism induced by non-substrate pollutants, and could be beneficial for understanding the environmental risk of pollutants in their “safe” concentrations.
{"title":"Long-term chronic exposure to benzo[a]pyrene and catechol induced multidrug resistance in lung cancer cells","authors":"Tongkuo Yuan , Yu Zheng , Jing Chen , Huancai Yin , Jian Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125859","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125859","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multiple studies have raised concerns about the impact of long-term exposure to environmental pollutants on the occurrence and progression of cancer, but little is known about how these compounds affect the treatment of cancer patients. In this work, two common pollutants including benzo [a]pyrene (B [a]P) and catechol (CL) were tested for their chronic effects on the efficacy of common chemotherapeutic drug in lung cancer (A549) cells. Both pollutants were unlikely to be the substrates of ABC transporters, as their toxicity was unaffected by ABC transporter inhibitors. However, their repeated exposure led to the generation of chemoresistance to doxorubicin (DOX) and cisplatin (CDDP), indicating the formation of multidrug-resistance (MDR) cells. Compared with DOX-resistant cells, decreased expression of ABC transporters but increased responses were found in pollutants-resistant cells. In addition, pollutants-resistant cells were more potent in up-regulating anti-apoptosis, proliferation, and migration pathways, which were confirmed by the wound-healing and apoptosis assays. Overall, these results indicated a distinct MDR mechanism induced by non-substrate pollutants, and could be beneficial for understanding the environmental risk of pollutants in their “safe” concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 125859"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143417551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-13DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125860
Sandeep Kumar, Leonard Clinton D’Souza, Faiz Hanif Shaikh, Priya Rathor, C.H. Ratnasekhar, Anurag Sharma
Triclosan (TCS) is widely used as an antibacterial agent, nevertheless, its presence in different environmental matrices and its persistent environmental nature pose a significant threat to the organism, including humans. Numerous studies showed that TCS exposure could lead to multiple toxicities, including immune dysfunction. However, whether parental TCS exposure could impair the offspring's immune response remains limited. Maintaining the immune homeostasis is imperative to neutralize the pathogen and crucial for tissue repair and the organism's survival. Thus, this study aimed to assess the multigenerational immune response of TCS using Drosophila melanogaster. TCS was administered to organisms (1.0, 10, and 100.0 μg/mL) over three generations during their developing phases, and its effect on the immunological response of the unexposed progeny was evaluated. Total circulatory hemocyte (immune cells) count, crystal cell count, phagocytic activity, clotting time, gene expression related to immune response and epigenetics, ROS generation, and cell death were assessed in the offspring. A concentration-dependent decline in total hemocytes, crystal cells, phagocytic activity, and increased clotting time in the subsequent generations was observed. Furthermore, parental TCS exposure enhanced the ROS levels, induced cell death, and altered the expression of antimicrobial peptides drosomycin, diptericin, and inflammatory genes upd1, upd2, and upd3, in the offspring's hemocytes across successive generations. The upregulation of reaper hid, and grim suggests that TCS promotes apoptotic death in the offspring's hemocytes. Notably, the increased mRNA expression of epigenetic regulators dnmt2 and g9a in the hemocytes of the offspring indicates epigenetic modifications. Further, we also observed that the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) supplementation to the parents alleviated TCS toxicity and improved immunological functions in the progeny, indicating the role of ROS in the TCS-induced multigenerational immune toxicity. This finding provides valuable insights into the potential immune risk of prenatal TCS exposure to their offspring in the higher organism.
{"title":"Multigenerational immunotoxicity assessment: A three-generation study in Drosophila melanogaster upon developmental exposure to triclosan","authors":"Sandeep Kumar, Leonard Clinton D’Souza, Faiz Hanif Shaikh, Priya Rathor, C.H. Ratnasekhar, Anurag Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125860","url":null,"abstract":"Triclosan (TCS) is widely used as an antibacterial agent, nevertheless, its presence in different environmental matrices and its persistent environmental nature pose a significant threat to the organism, including humans. Numerous studies showed that TCS exposure could lead to multiple toxicities, including immune dysfunction. However, whether parental TCS exposure could impair the offspring's immune response remains limited. Maintaining the immune homeostasis is imperative to neutralize the pathogen and crucial for tissue repair and the organism's survival. Thus, this study aimed to assess the multigenerational immune response of TCS using <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em>. TCS was administered to organisms (1.0, 10, and 100.0 μg/mL) over three generations during their developing phases, and its effect on the immunological response of the unexposed progeny was evaluated. Total circulatory hemocyte (immune cells) count, crystal cell count, phagocytic activity, clotting time, gene expression related to immune response and epigenetics, ROS generation, and cell death were assessed in the offspring. A concentration-dependent decline in total hemocytes, crystal cells, phagocytic activity, and increased clotting time in the subsequent generations was observed. Furthermore, parental TCS exposure enhanced the ROS levels, induced cell death, and altered the expression of antimicrobial peptides <em>drosomycin, diptericin,</em> and inflammatory genes <em>upd1</em>, <em>upd2</em>, and <em>upd3,</em> in the offspring's hemocytes across successive generations. The upregulation of <em>reaper hid</em>, and <em>grim</em> suggests that TCS promotes apoptotic death in the offspring's hemocytes. Notably, the increased mRNA expression of epigenetic regulators <em>dnmt2</em> and <em>g9a</em> in the hemocytes of the offspring indicates epigenetic modifications. Further, we also observed that the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) supplementation to the parents alleviated TCS toxicity and improved immunological functions in the progeny, indicating the role of ROS in the TCS-induced multigenerational immune toxicity. This finding provides valuable insights into the potential immune risk of prenatal TCS exposure to their offspring in the higher organism.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143417628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-12DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125833
Anna Marizzi del Olmo, Julio C. López-Doval, Manuela Hidalgo, Teresa Serra, Jordi Colomer, Victòria Salvadó, Mònica Escolá Casas, Jessica Subirats Medina, Víctor Matamoros
The discharge of treated wastewater from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) into river systems is a significant source of pollution, introducing a range of chemical and biological pollutants that impact the chemical and ecological quality status of rivers. This study evaluates the effect of a secondary treated wastewater effluent on the Onyar River, in the northeast Spain. Water and biofilm samples were collected at one upstream and four downstream sampling points (up to 2.8 km from the discharge point) across four seasons. A wide array of pollutants, including metals, pharmaceuticals, microplastics (MPs), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), among other emerging pollutants, were detected downstream, with significant differences between upstream and downstream concentrations. Our results show that WWTP discharge also altered biofilm microbiome composition and ARGs presence, being these changes distinguishable from seasonal variations. Nevertheless, a partial recovery further downstream (525 m) was observed for biofilm microbiome and ARGs composition. These findings highlight the value of microbiome analysis in assessing wastewater impacts on river ecosystems and emphasize the need for further research to improve pollutant attenuation and biofilm recovery strategies in river streams.
{"title":"Holistic Assessment of Chemical and Biological Pollutants in a Mediterranean Wastewater Effluent-Dominated Stream: Interactions and Ecological Impacts","authors":"Anna Marizzi del Olmo, Julio C. López-Doval, Manuela Hidalgo, Teresa Serra, Jordi Colomer, Victòria Salvadó, Mònica Escolá Casas, Jessica Subirats Medina, Víctor Matamoros","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125833","url":null,"abstract":"The discharge of treated wastewater from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) into river systems is a significant source of pollution, introducing a range of chemical and biological pollutants that impact the chemical and ecological quality status of rivers. This study evaluates the effect of a secondary treated wastewater effluent on the Onyar River, in the northeast Spain. Water and biofilm samples were collected at one upstream and four downstream sampling points (up to 2.8 km from the discharge point) across four seasons. A wide array of pollutants, including metals, pharmaceuticals, microplastics (MPs), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), among other emerging pollutants, were detected downstream, with significant differences between upstream and downstream concentrations. Our results show that WWTP discharge also altered biofilm microbiome composition and ARGs presence, being these changes distinguishable from seasonal variations. Nevertheless, a partial recovery further downstream (525 m) was observed for biofilm microbiome and ARGs composition. These findings highlight the value of microbiome analysis in assessing wastewater impacts on river ecosystems and emphasize the need for further research to improve pollutant attenuation and biofilm recovery strategies in river streams.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143393701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-12DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125854
Jiamei Fu , Fuming Liu , Yunrong Dai , Hao Wang , Lei Chen , Lifeng Yin
Zero-valent iron (ZVI) has found extensive application in the remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater. However, it is essential to remain vigilant about its potential adverse impacts. This study is based on a real field pollution incident, supplemented by experimental simulations. A chemical plant's leakage of nitrobenzene and ZVI led to contamination at the site, with some of the nitrobenzene transforming into aniline, a compound with increased mobility and toxicity. The peak concentrations of nitrobenzene and aniline in the soil were recorded at 2710 mg/kg and 145 mg/kg, respectively. In groundwater, the highest concentrations of nitrobenzene and aniline reached 132 mg/L and 723 μg/L, respectively, exhibiting similar pollution plume distributions. Laboratory simulations were conducted to examine the transformation process of nitrobenzene in both aqueous and soil media in the presence of ZVI and its oxidation products. These investigations also explored the influence of various factors on the conversion of nitrobenzene and the yield of aniline. The column experiment methodology was employed to investigate the migration and transformation pathways of nitrobenzene in simulated media and actual field soils augmented with iron. Upon introducing iron powder, the maximum concentrations of aniline in quartz sand columns and silty clay columns were observed to be 694 mg/L and 1068 mg/L, respectively. During the reaction process, elemental iron primarily acted as a reductant, converting nitrobenzene to aniline, while being oxidized to Fe3O4 and γ-Fe2O3. This finding provides deeper insights into the mechanism underlying the synergistic transformation of iron and nitrobenzene within the contaminated site's aquifer.
{"title":"Mechanism of cooperative migration and transformation of nitrobenzene and iron co-contaminated water and soil","authors":"Jiamei Fu , Fuming Liu , Yunrong Dai , Hao Wang , Lei Chen , Lifeng Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125854","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125854","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zero-valent iron (ZVI) has found extensive application in the remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater. However, it is essential to remain vigilant about its potential adverse impacts. This study is based on a real field pollution incident, supplemented by experimental simulations. A chemical plant's leakage of nitrobenzene and ZVI led to contamination at the site, with some of the nitrobenzene transforming into aniline, a compound with increased mobility and toxicity. The peak concentrations of nitrobenzene and aniline in the soil were recorded at 2710 mg/kg and 145 mg/kg, respectively. In groundwater, the highest concentrations of nitrobenzene and aniline reached 132 mg/L and 723 μg/L, respectively, exhibiting similar pollution plume distributions. Laboratory simulations were conducted to examine the transformation process of nitrobenzene in both aqueous and soil media in the presence of ZVI and its oxidation products. These investigations also explored the influence of various factors on the conversion of nitrobenzene and the yield of aniline. The column experiment methodology was employed to investigate the migration and transformation pathways of nitrobenzene in simulated media and actual field soils augmented with iron. Upon introducing iron powder, the maximum concentrations of aniline in quartz sand columns and silty clay columns were observed to be 694 mg/L and 1068 mg/L, respectively. During the reaction process, elemental iron primarily acted as a reductant, converting nitrobenzene to aniline, while being oxidized to Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. This finding provides deeper insights into the mechanism underlying the synergistic transformation of iron and nitrobenzene within the contaminated site's aquifer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 125854"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143393700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-12DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125781
María del Mar Gómez-Ramos , María José Gómez-Ramos , Francisco José Díaz-Galiano , María Murcia-Morales , José Luis Oller-Serrano , Maritta Martikkala , Preben Kristiansen , Flemming Vejsnæs , Amadeo R. Fernández-Alba
This study introduces an analytical methodology that combines passive sampling with ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography coupled with a high-end quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) for monitoring the honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) exposome across various European regions and seasons. The sampling methodology employs the recently developed adsorb pesticide in-hive strips (APIStrip) passive samplers, which use TENAX® TA adsorbent, to collect a wide range of chemicals when placed inside beehives. Following acetonitrile-based desorption, extracts were analyzed by UHPLC-QTOF-MS, equipped with an advanced ion trap –the Zeno trap– that enhances tandem-mass spectrometry (MS/MS) signals and improves mass accuracy, facilitating efficient feature annotation.
A non-targeted analysis (NTA) approach, combined with multivariate analysis, was used to simultaneously identify exposure analytes (e.g.natural products) and effect-related metabolites associated with honeybee health and condition (e.g. pheromones and other compounds emitted by bees). This methodology revealed geographical and seasonal variations in the chemical profiles of honeybee hives. In the evaluated Nordic countries, natural products from plants and pollen, along with bee-emitted substances such us neurotransmitters and pheromones, were prevalent. Seasonal analysis in Denmark revealed distinct chemical profiles associated with blooming flowers and peak brood rearing activity in April. This integrated, non-invasive methodology has proven highly effective in assessing the honeybee exposome, providing valuable insights into how environmental factors influence the chemical profiles emitted by bees.
{"title":"Evaluation of the honeybee exposome in European apiaries by combining passive samplers and liquid chromatography with Zeno trap-time-of-flight mass spectrometry","authors":"María del Mar Gómez-Ramos , María José Gómez-Ramos , Francisco José Díaz-Galiano , María Murcia-Morales , José Luis Oller-Serrano , Maritta Martikkala , Preben Kristiansen , Flemming Vejsnæs , Amadeo R. Fernández-Alba","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125781","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces an analytical methodology that combines passive sampling with ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography coupled with a high-end quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) for monitoring the honeybee (<em>Apis mellifera</em> L.) exposome across various European regions and seasons. The sampling methodology employs the recently developed adsorb pesticide in-hive strips (APIStrip) passive samplers, which use TENAX® TA adsorbent, to collect a wide range of chemicals when placed inside beehives. Following acetonitrile-based desorption, extracts were analyzed by UHPLC-QTOF-MS, equipped with an advanced ion trap –the Zeno trap– that enhances tandem-mass spectrometry (MS/MS) signals and improves mass accuracy, facilitating efficient feature annotation.</div><div>A non-targeted analysis (NTA) approach, combined with multivariate analysis, was used to simultaneously identify exposure analytes (e.g.natural products) and effect-related metabolites associated with honeybee health and condition (e.g. pheromones and other compounds emitted by bees). This methodology revealed geographical and seasonal variations in the chemical profiles of honeybee hives. In the evaluated Nordic countries, natural products from plants and pollen, along with bee-emitted substances such us neurotransmitters and pheromones, were prevalent. Seasonal analysis in Denmark revealed distinct chemical profiles associated with blooming flowers and peak brood rearing activity in April. This integrated, non-invasive methodology has proven highly effective in assessing the honeybee exposome, providing valuable insights into how environmental factors influence the chemical profiles emitted by bees.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 125781"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143393699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-12DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125846
Tao Sun , Pierre Delaplace , Guihua Li , Anina James , Junting Pan , Jianfeng Zhang
The application of biosolids can improve soil fertility and crop productivity but also accompanies risks of heavy metals and antibiotics introduction. In the presence of heavy metals contamination, using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is a promising strategy to enhance soil microbial community stability and plant tolerance resistance to heavy metals, and to reduce the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The present study investigated the impacts of AMF inoculation on soil and plant heavy metal contents, and soil microbial communities by pot experiments. The results showed that AMF inoculation significantly enhanced plant biomass, and reduced soil and plant heavy metals contents. While AMF inoculation did not alter bacterial and fungal community compositions, it increased bacterial diversity at higher biosolids concentrations. Notably, AMF inoculation enhanced microbial network complexity and increased keystone taxa abundance. Furthermore, several beneficial microorganisms with high resistance to heavy metals were enriched in AMF-inoculated soils. Metagenomic analysis revealed a reduction in the mobile genetic element (MGE) gene IS91 in AMF-inoculated soils and an increase in heavy metal resistance genes compared to soils without AMF. The possibility of reduction in MGE-mediated spread of ARGs is one of the key findings of this study. As a caution, this study also detected enrichment of few ARGs in high biosolids-amended soils with AMF inoculation. Overall, AMF inoculation could be a valuable strategy in agriculture for mitigating the environmental risks associated with biosolids, heavy metals and antibiotic resistance, thereby promoting sustainable soil management and health.
{"title":"Novel insights into the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation in soils under long-term biosolids application: Emphasis on antibiotic and metal resistance genes, and mobile genetic elements","authors":"Tao Sun , Pierre Delaplace , Guihua Li , Anina James , Junting Pan , Jianfeng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of biosolids can improve soil fertility and crop productivity but also accompanies risks of heavy metals and antibiotics introduction. In the presence of heavy metals contamination, using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is a promising strategy to enhance soil microbial community stability and plant tolerance resistance to heavy metals, and to reduce the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The present study investigated the impacts of AMF inoculation on soil and plant heavy metal contents, and soil microbial communities by pot experiments. The results showed that AMF inoculation significantly enhanced plant biomass, and reduced soil and plant heavy metals contents. While AMF inoculation did not alter bacterial and fungal community compositions, it increased bacterial diversity at higher biosolids concentrations. Notably, AMF inoculation enhanced microbial network complexity and increased keystone taxa abundance. Furthermore, several beneficial microorganisms with high resistance to heavy metals were enriched in AMF-inoculated soils. Metagenomic analysis revealed a reduction in the mobile genetic element (MGE) gene <em>IS91</em> in AMF-inoculated soils and an increase in heavy metal resistance genes compared to soils without AMF. The possibility of reduction in MGE-mediated spread of ARGs is one of the key findings of this study. As a caution, this study also detected enrichment of few ARGs in high biosolids-amended soils with AMF inoculation. Overall, AMF inoculation could be a valuable strategy in agriculture for mitigating the environmental risks associated with biosolids, heavy metals and antibiotic resistance, thereby promoting sustainable soil management and health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"369 ","pages":"Article 125846"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143401670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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