Pub Date : 2026-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127785
S. Devliegere, T. Goessens, S. De Baere, E. Blomme, A. Barbi, E. Meers, L. Vanhaecke, P. Spanoghe, A. Martel, F. Batsleer, D. Bonte, F. Pasmans, S. Croubels
The European common toad (Bufo bufo) is undergoing widespread population declines, potentially influenced by multiple environmental stressors, including chemical pollution. This study aimed to link the toad population status and contaminant levels in 20 breeding ponds in Flanders (Belgium). A multi-contaminant analytical approach was applied, using solid-phase extraction (SPE) combined with advanced instrumental methods: ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) for pesticides and mycotoxins, UHPLC-Orbitrap-high resolution MS for pharmaceuticals, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and ICP-MS for high and low-concentrated metals, respectively, and ion chromatography (IC) for nutrients. Across ponds, 25 pesticides, 11 mycotoxins, 13 antimicrobial drugs, 5 antiparasitic drugs, and 11 metals were detected, reaching concentrations up to 114 ng/L (pesticides), 88.2 ng/L (mycotoxins), 837 ng/L (antimicrobials), 26.8 ng/L (antiparasitic drugs), and 7382 μg/L (metals). Temporal variability was pronounced, with episodic increases in pesticide and metal levels, declining nitrate and sulphate concentrations, and increasing enniatin levels from March to June. Despite frequent co-contamination, no direct relationship was observed between individual contaminant levels and toad population status. These findings suggest that population declines are unlikely to be driven by a single substance, but rather by combined pressures associated with complex contaminant mixtures and other environmental stressors.
{"title":"Characterization of Complex Environmental Contaminant Mixtures in Common Toad Breeding Ponds in Flanders, Belgium","authors":"S. Devliegere, T. Goessens, S. De Baere, E. Blomme, A. Barbi, E. Meers, L. Vanhaecke, P. Spanoghe, A. Martel, F. Batsleer, D. Bonte, F. Pasmans, S. Croubels","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127785","url":null,"abstract":"The European common toad (<em>Bufo bufo</em>) is undergoing widespread population declines, potentially influenced by multiple environmental stressors, including chemical pollution. This study aimed to link the toad population status and contaminant levels in 20 breeding ponds in Flanders (Belgium). A multi-contaminant analytical approach was applied, using solid-phase extraction (SPE) combined with advanced instrumental methods: ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) for pesticides and mycotoxins, UHPLC-Orbitrap-high resolution MS for pharmaceuticals, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and ICP-MS for high and low-concentrated metals, respectively, and ion chromatography (IC) for nutrients. Across ponds, 25 pesticides, 11 mycotoxins, 13 antimicrobial drugs, 5 antiparasitic drugs, and 11 metals were detected, reaching concentrations up to 114 ng/L (pesticides), 88.2 ng/L (mycotoxins), 837 ng/L (antimicrobials), 26.8 ng/L (antiparasitic drugs), and 7382 μg/L (metals). Temporal variability was pronounced, with episodic increases in pesticide and metal levels, declining nitrate and sulphate concentrations, and increasing enniatin levels from March to June. Despite frequent co-contamination, no direct relationship was observed between individual contaminant levels and toad population status. These findings suggest that population declines are unlikely to be driven by a single substance, but rather by combined pressures associated with complex contaminant mixtures and other environmental stressors.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"293 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146129677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127781
Weiming Feng, Gongwei Xu, Xinru Zhai, Libing Zheng, Helian Li
The coexistence of microplastics (MPs) and heavy metals in agricultural soils leads to complex interactions during their adsorption and migration processes. Understanding their fate under realistic soil conditions is crucial for assessing the associated environmental risks. Therefore, virgin and aged polyethylene (PE) and polylactic acid (PLA) MPs were used to investigate their influence on the adsorption and migration of chromium (Cr) in unsaturated steady-state soils via batch and column experiments. Batch experiments revealed that soil adsorbed less Cr(VI) than Cr(III) (0.44 vs. 1.45 mg/g). The addition of MPs inhibited Cr adsorption (specifically, 0.40 and 1.23 mg/g for Cr(VI) and Cr(III), respectively, at 7% MP addition), with adsorption capacity decreasing as MP dosage increased. Column experiments showed Cr(VI) reached adsorption equilibrium faster than Cr(III) (25 vs. 41 pore volumes); its migration was primarily controlled by soil hydraulic conditions, and MPs exerted an inhibitory effect. In contrast, Cr(III) migration was predominantly governed by adsorption, and MP addition promoted its migration. Regarding the MPs themselves, PE exhibits greater migration capacity, which decreased with aging, whereas PLA showed the opposite trend. Interestingly, the presence of Cr(III) reduces the migration of MPs compared to Cr(VI). These findings clarify the effects and mechanisms of MPs on Cr migration under realistic soil conditions, and enhance the understanding of migration dynamics and environmental fate of coexisting pollutants.
微塑料与重金属在农业土壤中的共存，导致它们在吸附和迁移过程中发生复杂的相互作用。了解它们在现实土壤条件下的命运对于评估相关的环境风险至关重要。因此，采用未加工聚乙烯（PE）和陈化聚乙烯（PLA） MPs，通过批量和柱状实验研究了它们对非饱和稳态土壤中铬（Cr）的吸附和迁移的影响。批量试验结果表明，土壤对Cr（VI）的吸附量小于Cr(III) （0.44 vs. 1.45 mg/g）。MP的加入抑制了Cr的吸附（在MP添加量为7%时，Cr（VI）和Cr（III）的吸附量分别为0.40和1.23 mg/g），吸附量随MP添加量的增加而降低。柱实验表明，Cr（VI）比Cr（III）更快达到吸附平衡（25比41孔体积）；其迁移主要受土壤水力条件控制，MPs具有抑制作用。相反，Cr（III）的迁移主要受吸附控制，MP的加入促进了其迁移。就MPs本身而言，PE表现出更大的迁移能力，随着年龄的增长而下降，而PLA表现出相反的趋势。有趣的是，与Cr（VI）相比，Cr（III）的存在减少了MPs的迁移。这些发现阐明了实际土壤条件下MPs对Cr迁移的影响及其机制，增强了对共存污染物迁移动力学和环境命运的认识。
{"title":"Polyethylene and polylactic acid microplastics affect the migration of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) in acidic clay soil via distinct mechanisms","authors":"Weiming Feng, Gongwei Xu, Xinru Zhai, Libing Zheng, Helian Li","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127781","url":null,"abstract":"The coexistence of microplastics (MPs) and heavy metals in agricultural soils leads to complex interactions during their adsorption and migration processes. Understanding their fate under realistic soil conditions is crucial for assessing the associated environmental risks. Therefore, virgin and aged polyethylene (PE) and polylactic acid (PLA) MPs were used to investigate their influence on the adsorption and migration of chromium (Cr) in unsaturated steady-state soils via batch and column experiments. Batch experiments revealed that soil adsorbed less Cr(VI) than Cr(III) (0.44 vs. 1.45 mg/g). The addition of MPs inhibited Cr adsorption (specifically, 0.40 and 1.23 mg/g for Cr(VI) and Cr(III), respectively, at 7% MP addition), with adsorption capacity decreasing as MP dosage increased. Column experiments showed Cr(VI) reached adsorption equilibrium faster than Cr(III) (25 vs. 41 pore volumes); its migration was primarily controlled by soil hydraulic conditions, and MPs exerted an inhibitory effect. In contrast, Cr(III) migration was predominantly governed by adsorption, and MP addition promoted its migration. Regarding the MPs themselves, PE exhibits greater migration capacity, which decreased with aging, whereas PLA showed the opposite trend. Interestingly, the presence of Cr(III) reduces the migration of MPs compared to Cr(VI). These findings clarify the effects and mechanisms of MPs on Cr migration under realistic soil conditions, and enhance the understanding of migration dynamics and environmental fate of coexisting pollutants.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"235 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146129678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127771
Hyeon-Kook Kim, EunRyoung Kim, Chang-Keun Song, Jae-Ho Choi, Ganghan Kim, Myong-In Lee, Yujin J. Oak, Rokjin J. Park, Ilhan Ryoo, Seung-Muk Yi, Kyung-Mi Lee, Hyeok-Gi Cheo, Kwon-Ho Jeon
{"title":"Corrigendum to ‘Comparative evaluation of surface-level PM2.5 modeling across Northeast Asia: relevance for regulatory and scientific applications’ [Environ. Pollut. 377 (2025) 126428]","authors":"Hyeon-Kook Kim, EunRyoung Kim, Chang-Keun Song, Jae-Ho Choi, Ganghan Kim, Myong-In Lee, Yujin J. Oak, Rokjin J. Park, Ilhan Ryoo, Seung-Muk Yi, Kyung-Mi Lee, Hyeok-Gi Cheo, Kwon-Ho Jeon","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127771","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bioaccumulation, trophic transfer, and health risk assessment of microplastics in the food web of Wuliangsuhai Lake, China: Higher risk for children","authors":"Guoliang Zhang, Jinhui Sun, Yiran Zhan, Bowen Xiao, Huamin Liu, Lixin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127787","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"182 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127778
Zhencheng Fan, Xinglong Wang, Yunqi Wu, Shuhao Li, Liang Kong, Shoujun Li, Tan Ma, Chun Pan
Polylactic acid microplastics (PLA-MPs), despite being marketed as biodegradable and eco-friendly alternatives to conventional plastics, have raised growing concerns regarding their potential adverse effects on human health. The reproductive toxicity of PLA-MPs exposure in male mammals has been confirmed in previous studies, but its specific effects on testosterone biosynthesis remain unclear. Male mice were treated with PLA-MPs at doses of low, medium, and high (0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/d, respectively) for a duration of 28 days in this study. Our results demonstrated that PLA-MPs were enriched in mouse testes and led to a dose-dependent decrease in the serum testosterone concentration. We also observed the accumulation of senescent Leydig cells in the testis, along with inhibited autophagy and mitophagy. Moreover, we identified the critical involvement of autophagy and mitophagy in PLA-MPs-induced Leydig cell senescence. Re-establishment of autophagy and mitophagy effectively reserved the senescence of Leydig cell. Overall, our study revealed that PLA-MPs inhibit autophagy and mitophagy, thereby promoting Leydig cell senescence and subsequently reducing testosterone synthesis and secretion. These results advance our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying PLA-MPs-induced reproductive toxicity in male mammals.
{"title":"Polylactic acid microplastic exposure induced male reproductive toxicity and decreased testosterone levels by accelerating Leydig cell senescence","authors":"Zhencheng Fan, Xinglong Wang, Yunqi Wu, Shuhao Li, Liang Kong, Shoujun Li, Tan Ma, Chun Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127778","url":null,"abstract":"Polylactic acid microplastics (PLA-MPs), despite being marketed as biodegradable and eco-friendly alternatives to conventional plastics, have raised growing concerns regarding their potential adverse effects on human health. The reproductive toxicity of PLA-MPs exposure in male mammals has been confirmed in previous studies, but its specific effects on testosterone biosynthesis remain unclear. Male mice were treated with PLA-MPs at doses of low, medium, and high (0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/d, respectively) for a duration of 28 days in this study. Our results demonstrated that PLA-MPs were enriched in mouse testes and led to a dose-dependent decrease in the serum testosterone concentration. We also observed the accumulation of senescent Leydig cells in the testis, along with inhibited autophagy and mitophagy. Moreover, we identified the critical involvement of autophagy and mitophagy in PLA-MPs-induced Leydig cell senescence. Re-establishment of autophagy and mitophagy effectively reserved the senescence of Leydig cell. Overall, our study revealed that PLA-MPs inhibit autophagy and mitophagy, thereby promoting Leydig cell senescence and subsequently reducing testosterone synthesis and secretion. These results advance our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying PLA-MPs-induced reproductive toxicity in male mammals.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146129676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127788
Zebin Fang, Xiaoyi Wang, Fan Wu, Sihan Mao, Hao Jiang, Chi Hu, Luyuan Zhang, Weijian Fan, Chao Zhang, Ping Lan, Kaiyuan Huang, Yuxiang Weng, Jianwei Pan
Microplastics (MPs) have become a global concern due to their widespread environmental presence and human health risk, yet their risk on cerebrovascular diseases remains largely unexplored. In this case-control study, we collected cerebrospinal fluid samples from 48 intracranial aneurysms (IAs) patients and 108 leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) patients, and investigated the presence of MPs in these cerebrospinal fluid samples using pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Seven types of MPs were identified in the cerebrospinal fluid samples, among which polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polystyrene were present in over 80% of the samples. PE and PP were the most abundant MPs in cerebrospinal fluid samples. When using LM patients as controls, a significantly increased risk of IA was observed for subjects in the highest quartile of cerebrospinal fluid PP and PVC levels. Compared to the lowest quartile, the adjusted risk was elevated by 2.25-fold (95% CI: 1.68–5.94) and 3.82-fold (95% CI: 2.57–5.41) for PP and PVC levels, respectively. Our analysis revealed significant (p for trend < 0.01) dose-response relationships between cerebrospinal fluid MP mixture concentrations and IA risk. Bayesian kernel machine regression and quantile g-computation models further revealed synergistic effects of co-occurrence to MPs, with PVC contributing the strongest contribution (weight 55.8%). Our results suggest a potential link between higher cerebrospinal fluid levels of MPs and elevated IA risk, and highlight the need for further investigation into this emerging health risk.
{"title":"A Case-Control Study Linking Concentrations of Microplastics in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid to Intracranial Aneurysm Risk","authors":"Zebin Fang, Xiaoyi Wang, Fan Wu, Sihan Mao, Hao Jiang, Chi Hu, Luyuan Zhang, Weijian Fan, Chao Zhang, Ping Lan, Kaiyuan Huang, Yuxiang Weng, Jianwei Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127788","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics (MPs) have become a global concern due to their widespread environmental presence and human health risk, yet their risk on cerebrovascular diseases remains largely unexplored. In this case-control study, we collected cerebrospinal fluid samples from 48 intracranial aneurysms (IAs) patients and 108 leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) patients, and investigated the presence of MPs in these cerebrospinal fluid samples using pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Seven types of MPs were identified in the cerebrospinal fluid samples, among which polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polystyrene were present in over 80% of the samples. PE and PP were the most abundant MPs in cerebrospinal fluid samples. When using LM patients as controls, a significantly increased risk of IA was observed for subjects in the highest quartile of cerebrospinal fluid PP and PVC levels. Compared to the lowest quartile, the adjusted risk was elevated by 2.25-fold (95% CI: 1.68–5.94) and 3.82-fold (95% CI: 2.57–5.41) for PP and PVC levels, respectively. Our analysis revealed significant (<em>p</em> for trend < 0.01) dose-response relationships between cerebrospinal fluid MP mixture concentrations and IA risk. Bayesian kernel machine regression and quantile g-computation models further revealed synergistic effects of co-occurrence to MPs, with PVC contributing the strongest contribution (weight 55.8%). Our results suggest a potential link between higher cerebrospinal fluid levels of MPs and elevated IA risk, and highlight the need for further investigation into this emerging health risk.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127789
Ran Zhu, Yuchen Li, Xiaofan Yang, Xiaozhong Gao, Xiang Cheng
{"title":"Development of HECAM Passive Samplers for Discovering the Occurrence, Sources, and Transport of Tire Additives and Their Transformation Products in Surface Waters","authors":"Ran Zhu, Yuchen Li, Xiaofan Yang, Xiaozhong Gao, Xiang Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127789","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127777
Yang Yuan, Kai Wang, Yongqiang Liu, Yaqi Wang, Yunquan Zhang
Nexus between PM<sub>2.5</sub> constituents and obesity remain unclear, particular in densely populated and highly polluted regions. This study aims to assess the obese risk related to long-term exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> components among the Chinese elderly. We designed two nationwide dynamic cohort followed up from 2011 to 2015, through combining respondents from 28 provinces and estimates of PM<sub>2.5</sub> constituents predicted by well-validated spatiotemporal models. Based on data of physical examination measured by well-trained interviewers using standard devices, we adopted body mass index and waist circumference to define systemic and abdominal obesity, respectively. Cox proportional hazard models with time-varying exposures and a qg-computation approach were employed to evaluate individual and joint associations of obesity with long-term exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> constituents. The prevalences of systemic and abdominal obesity were 5.7% and 26.0% during 43814.6 and 27052.9 person-years follow-up, respectively. In the single-constituent analysis, the highest risk of systemic obesity derived from multivariable-adjusted model was 1.62 (95%: 1.40–1.87) linked with a 10.2 μg/m<sup>3</sup> increase of <span><span style=""></span><span data-mathml='<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" />' role="presentation" style="font-size: 90%; display: inline-block; position: relative;" tabindex="0"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="0.24ex" role="img" style="vertical-align: -0.12ex;" viewbox="0 -51.7 0 103.4" width="0" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"></g></svg><span role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"></math></span></span><script type="math/mml"><math></math></script></span>, while the top-risk component of abdominal obesity was <span><span style=""></span><span data-mathml='<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" />' role="presentation" style="font-size: 90%; display: inline-block; position: relative;" tabindex="0"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" height="0.24ex" role="img" style="vertical-align: -0.12ex;" viewbox="0 -51.7 0 103.4" width="0" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"></g></svg><span role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"></math></span></span><script type="math/mml"><math></math></script></span>, with a hazard ratio of 1.30 (95% CI: 1.20–1.41) for per 6.2 μg/m<sup>3</sup> rise. For joint exposure, a quartile increase in the five-component mixture was associated with a 29% (95% CI: 19–40%) and 17% (95% CI: 12–23%) higher risk of systemic and abdominal obesity, respectively. This study offered robust associations between long-term exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> constituents and increased risks of both obesity outcomes, sug
{"title":"Increased risks of systemic and abdominal obesity associated with long-term exposure to PM2.5 constituents","authors":"Yang Yuan, Kai Wang, Yongqiang Liu, Yaqi Wang, Yunquan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127777","url":null,"abstract":"Nexus between PM<sub>2.5</sub> constituents and obesity remain unclear, particular in densely populated and highly polluted regions. This study aims to assess the obese risk related to long-term exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> components among the Chinese elderly. We designed two nationwide dynamic cohort followed up from 2011 to 2015, through combining respondents from 28 provinces and estimates of PM<sub>2.5</sub> constituents predicted by well-validated spatiotemporal models. Based on data of physical examination measured by well-trained interviewers using standard devices, we adopted body mass index and waist circumference to define systemic and abdominal obesity, respectively. Cox proportional hazard models with time-varying exposures and a qg-computation approach were employed to evaluate individual and joint associations of obesity with long-term exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> constituents. The prevalences of systemic and abdominal obesity were 5.7% and 26.0% during 43814.6 and 27052.9 person-years follow-up, respectively. In the single-constituent analysis, the highest risk of systemic obesity derived from multivariable-adjusted model was 1.62 (95%: 1.40–1.87) linked with a 10.2 μg/m<sup>3</sup> increase of <span><span style=\"\"></span><span data-mathml='<math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" />' role=\"presentation\" style=\"font-size: 90%; display: inline-block; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"0.24ex\" role=\"img\" style=\"vertical-align: -0.12ex;\" viewbox=\"0 -51.7 0 103.4\" width=\"0\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"0\" transform=\"matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)\"></g></svg><span role=\"presentation\"><math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"></math></span></span><script type=\"math/mml\"><math></math></script></span>, while the top-risk component of abdominal obesity was <span><span style=\"\"></span><span data-mathml='<math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" />' role=\"presentation\" style=\"font-size: 90%; display: inline-block; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"0.24ex\" role=\"img\" style=\"vertical-align: -0.12ex;\" viewbox=\"0 -51.7 0 103.4\" width=\"0\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"0\" transform=\"matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)\"></g></svg><span role=\"presentation\"><math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"></math></span></span><script type=\"math/mml\"><math></math></script></span>, with a hazard ratio of 1.30 (95% CI: 1.20–1.41) for per 6.2 μg/m<sup>3</sup> rise. For joint exposure, a quartile increase in the five-component mixture was associated with a 29% (95% CI: 19–40%) and 17% (95% CI: 12–23%) higher risk of systemic and abdominal obesity, respectively. This study offered robust associations between long-term exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> constituents and increased risks of both obesity outcomes, sug","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146129534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite the growing concern over per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure in companion animals, dietary intake through commercial pet food remains poorly characterized. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of 100 commercially available pet food products for dogs and cats in Japan, encompassing both dry and wet types, to quantify 34 target PFAS compounds. PFAS were frequently detected, with concentrations varying by food type, ingredients, and country of origin. Fish-based products contained elevated levels of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA), and perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA), and regional patterns suggested the influence of Asian-specific PFAS sources such as F-53B. Hazard quotient (HQ) assessments based on EFSA tolerable weekly intakes indicated that average HQs exceeded 1 for both dogs and cats in several products, signaling potential health risks. However, due to the lack of species-specific toxicokinetic information for dogs and cats, the EFSA-based risk characterization presented here should be interpreted as a preliminary assessment. Although dry food had higher PFAS concentrations when converted to feeding amounts, estimated exposure was higher for wet food due to higher consumption. These findings provide the first evidence of ingredient-driven and country-of-origin-dependent PFAS contamination in pet food. Fish used as ingredients are a significant source of exposure to PFAS. They also highlight the urgent need for regulatory oversight and toxicological evaluations specific to companion animals. These animals serve as vulnerable populations and as sentinels of human co-exposure in domestic environments.
{"title":"Widespread PFAS Contamination in Pet Food: Dietary Sources and Health Risks to Companion Animals","authors":"Kei Nomiyama, Aika Sato, Rumi Tanoue, Kohei Saeki, Yoshinori Ikenaka, Hazuki Mizukawa","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127779","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the growing concern over per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure in companion animals, dietary intake through commercial pet food remains poorly characterized. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of 100 commercially available pet food products for dogs and cats in Japan, encompassing both dry and wet types, to quantify 34 target PFAS compounds. PFAS were frequently detected, with concentrations varying by food type, ingredients, and country of origin. Fish-based products contained elevated levels of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA), and perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA), and regional patterns suggested the influence of Asian-specific PFAS sources such as F-53B. Hazard quotient (HQ) assessments based on EFSA tolerable weekly intakes indicated that average HQs exceeded 1 for both dogs and cats in several products, signaling potential health risks. However, due to the lack of species-specific toxicokinetic information for dogs and cats, the EFSA-based risk characterization presented here should be interpreted as a preliminary assessment. Although dry food had higher PFAS concentrations when converted to feeding amounts, estimated exposure was higher for wet food due to higher consumption. These findings provide the first evidence of ingredient-driven and country-of-origin-dependent PFAS contamination in pet food. Fish used as ingredients are a significant source of exposure to PFAS. They also highlight the urgent need for regulatory oversight and toxicological evaluations specific to companion animals. These animals serve as vulnerable populations and as sentinels of human co-exposure in domestic environments.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146129679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127736
Xuelian Yuan, Li Dai, Ke Wang, Qi Li, Zhen Liu, Wenyan Li, Wenli Xu, Zhiyu Chen, Yuyang Gao, Jun Zhu, Hanmin Liu, Xiaohong Li
Numerous research works have established connections between maternal exposure to specific air pollutants and ventricular septal defects (VSD), there are still gaps in understanding the complexities of combined exposures in real-world settings. This study seeks to investigate the correlation between simultaneous exposure to five air pollutants throughout pregnancy and the likelihood of isolated VSD occurrence. It aims to address the gap between research focusing on individual pollutants and the complexities of real-world exposure scenarios. Utilizing data from China's National Population-Based Birth Defects Surveillance Network, we analyzed 850 isolated VSD cases against 1,097,056 unaffected births. Using a random forest land use regression model, we estimated daily pollutant concentrations (SO2, NO2, CO, O3, PM2.5) at geocoded maternal residences from 2014 to 2017. Based on these daily estimates, trimester-specific exposure concentrations were derived using dates of pregnancy onset and gestational weeks. Additionally, we devised an "air pollution score" to evaluate their cumulative exposure. The risk of isolated VSDs rose significantly with every 10-μg/m3 increase in air pollution score during pregnancy, especially the first trimester (OR 1.023, 95% CI 1.011-1.035), and the third trimester (OR 1.015, 95% CI 1.003-1.026). A linear relationship was observed between levels of air pollution scores during the entire pregnancy and the risk of isolated VSDs. The heightened risk linked to air pollution score during the first trimester surpassed that of the second and third trimesters. Besides, the results highlighted a pronounced risk among mothers in rural, low-income areas and being pregnant in cold season. By providing a more comprehensive assessment of the potential risks that pollutants pose to maternal and infant health, this study may offer important insights for public health policy and inform the development of new clinical tools for risk assessment and early screening.
许多研究工作已经建立了母亲暴露于特定空气污染物和室间隔缺陷（VSD）之间的联系，但在了解现实环境中联合暴露的复杂性方面仍然存在差距。本研究旨在探讨在怀孕期间同时暴露于五种空气污染物与孤立性室间隔发育的可能性之间的关系。它旨在解决关注单个污染物的研究与现实世界暴露情景的复杂性之间的差距。利用中国全国人口出生缺陷监测网的数据，我们分析了850例孤立的室性室间隔缺损病例和1,097,056例未受影响的新生儿。利用随机林地利用回归模型，我们估算了2014年至2017年地理编码的孕产妇居住地的日污染物浓度（SO2、NO2、CO、O3和PM2.5）。基于这些每日估计，根据妊娠开始日期和妊娠周得出妊娠期特异性暴露浓度。此外，我们设计了一个“空气污染评分”来评估他们的累积暴露。妊娠期空气污染评分每增加10 μg/m3，尤其是妊娠前期（OR 1.023, 95% CI 1.011 ~ 1.035）和妊娠晚期（OR 1.015, 95% CI 1.003 ~ 1.026），分离性VSDs的发生风险显著增加。在整个怀孕期间的空气污染评分水平与孤立性室性心脏疾病的风险之间观察到线性关系。怀孕前三个月与空气污染得分相关的风险增加程度超过了妊娠中期和晚期。此外，研究结果还强调了农村、低收入地区的母亲在寒冷季节怀孕的明显风险。通过对污染物对母婴健康构成的潜在风险进行更全面的评估，本研究可能为公共卫生政策提供重要见解，并为风险评估和早期筛查的新临床工具的开发提供信息。
{"title":"Insights from Over a Million Births on Maternal Exposure to Multiple Pollutants and the Risk of Isolated Ventricular Septal Defects","authors":"Xuelian Yuan, Li Dai, Ke Wang, Qi Li, Zhen Liu, Wenyan Li, Wenli Xu, Zhiyu Chen, Yuyang Gao, Jun Zhu, Hanmin Liu, Xiaohong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2026.127736","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous research works have established connections between maternal exposure to specific air pollutants and ventricular septal defects (VSD), there are still gaps in understanding the complexities of combined exposures in real-world settings. This study seeks to investigate the correlation between simultaneous exposure to five air pollutants throughout pregnancy and the likelihood of isolated VSD occurrence. It aims to address the gap between research focusing on individual pollutants and the complexities of real-world exposure scenarios. Utilizing data from China's National Population-Based Birth Defects Surveillance Network, we analyzed 850 isolated VSD cases against 1,097,056 unaffected births. Using a random forest land use regression model, we estimated daily pollutant concentrations (SO<sub>2</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, CO, O<sub>3</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub>) at geocoded maternal residences from 2014 to 2017. Based on these daily estimates, trimester-specific exposure concentrations were derived using dates of pregnancy onset and gestational weeks. Additionally, we devised an \"air pollution score\" to evaluate their cumulative exposure. The risk of isolated VSDs rose significantly with every 10-μg/m<sup>3</sup> increase in air pollution score during pregnancy, especially the first trimester (OR 1.023, 95% CI 1.011-1.035), and the third trimester (OR 1.015, 95% CI 1.003-1.026). A linear relationship was observed between levels of air pollution scores during the entire pregnancy and the risk of isolated VSDs. The heightened risk linked to air pollution score during the first trimester surpassed that of the second and third trimesters. Besides, the results highlighted a pronounced risk among mothers in rural, low-income areas and being pregnant in cold season. By providing a more comprehensive assessment of the potential risks that pollutants pose to maternal and infant health, this study may offer important insights for public health policy and inform the development of new clinical tools for risk assessment and early screening.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146129682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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