Pub Date : 2022-04-18DOI: 10.18196/jhi.v11i1.12558
Stefani Selina Prameswari, N. Husna
Secretary-General of the United Nations, António Guterres, asserted that during the COVID-19 pandemic, a global ceasefire must be carried out to bridge human rescue assistance, assist diplomacy, and facilitate the spread reduction of the virus among vulnerable populations, especially in conflict regions. However, a pandemic can trigger resistance due to declining economic conditions, leaving opportunities for opposition movements to open. This paper endeavors to discern the dynamics of insurgency and counterinsurgency during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in Papua, with situations of armed violence between TNI-Polri and West Papua National Liberation Army (TPNPB). The authors argue that the vulnerability of the Papuan people during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is spread across almost all sectors, the dynamics of insurgency and counterinsurgency endanger human security and increase the suffering of Papuan people, especially those who live in conflict areas such as Intan Jaya, Mimika, Puncak, and Nduga. Therefore, using qualitative methods and secondary analysis, the authors discuss insurgency, counterinsurgency, threats, and human security in Papua during the COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"Insurgency, Counterinsurgency and Human Security: A Case Study of Armed Violence in Papua during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Stefani Selina Prameswari, N. Husna","doi":"10.18196/jhi.v11i1.12558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18196/jhi.v11i1.12558","url":null,"abstract":"Secretary-General of the United Nations, António Guterres, asserted that during the COVID-19 pandemic, a global ceasefire must be carried out to bridge human rescue assistance, assist diplomacy, and facilitate the spread reduction of the virus among vulnerable populations, especially in conflict regions. However, a pandemic can trigger resistance due to declining economic conditions, leaving opportunities for opposition movements to open. This paper endeavors to discern the dynamics of insurgency and counterinsurgency during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in Papua, with situations of armed violence between TNI-Polri and West Papua National Liberation Army (TPNPB). The authors argue that the vulnerability of the Papuan people during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is spread across almost all sectors, the dynamics of insurgency and counterinsurgency endanger human security and increase the suffering of Papuan people, especially those who live in conflict areas such as Intan Jaya, Mimika, Puncak, and Nduga. Therefore, using qualitative methods and secondary analysis, the authors discuss insurgency, counterinsurgency, threats, and human security in Papua during the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":31816,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Hubungan Internasional","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46988280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-10DOI: 10.18196/jhi.v10i2.12196
Bunga Putri Nauli
Indonesia is one of the countries affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This pandemic has caused global countries to experience a decline in the index for sustainable development goals. Indonesia and other countries have committed to meeting sustainable development goals in infrastructure, industry, and innovation (SDGs 9). This study aims to explore the implementation of SDGs 9 during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study applied a qualitative approach in describing the results of the study. The study results disclosed that before the COVID-19 pandemic hit, the achievement of SDGs 9 still had to be accelerated. When COVID-19 hit, the achievement of SDGs 9 decreased. In addition, the pandemic has reduced the availability of funds for various sectors because the government must focus on the health sector and efforts to mitigate COVID-19. As a result, there was a decrease in the budget for the implications of the SDGs. Over the past five years, innovations in infrastructure have continued to be carried out to support accessibility, mobility, integration and connectivity between regions in Indonesia, especially Eastern Indonesia, the smallest islands, the foremost and outermost islands of Indonesia. Connectivity also aims to support industrial sectors that benefit GDP and create massive jobs.
{"title":"Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia","authors":"Bunga Putri Nauli","doi":"10.18196/jhi.v10i2.12196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18196/jhi.v10i2.12196","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia is one of the countries affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This pandemic has caused global countries to experience a decline in the index for sustainable development goals. Indonesia and other countries have committed to meeting sustainable development goals in infrastructure, industry, and innovation (SDGs 9). This study aims to explore the implementation of SDGs 9 during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study applied a qualitative approach in describing the results of the study. The study results disclosed that before the COVID-19 pandemic hit, the achievement of SDGs 9 still had to be accelerated. When COVID-19 hit, the achievement of SDGs 9 decreased. In addition, the pandemic has reduced the availability of funds for various sectors because the government must focus on the health sector and efforts to mitigate COVID-19. As a result, there was a decrease in the budget for the implications of the SDGs. Over the past five years, innovations in infrastructure have continued to be carried out to support accessibility, mobility, integration and connectivity between regions in Indonesia, especially Eastern Indonesia, the smallest islands, the foremost and outermost islands of Indonesia. Connectivity also aims to support industrial sectors that benefit GDP and create massive jobs.","PeriodicalId":31816,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Hubungan Internasional","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43343830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-10DOI: 10.18196/jhi.v10i2.12553
Edwin M. B. Tambunan, Floranesia Lantang
The COVID-19 pandemic spread to the Indonesia-Papua New Guinea (PNG) border poses a real threat to people living in the region. As a consequence of this pandemic, the Transnational Border Post (PLBN) and the border market have been temporarily closed since January 2020. This article aims to analyze the implications of COVID-19 on the economic security of the people at the RI-PNG border and the responses of two countries, particularly Indonesia, toward the economic security threats in the border region. This article was developed from qualitative descriptive research using field research methods. Data were collected through interviews and observations and supported by secondary data. This study revealed that the short-term implications of COVID-19 on economic security existed in the form of income reduction, even income loss, due to the closure of cross-border access. Income reduction may lead to the emergence of medium-term implications in the form of unemployment and debt. If there is no solution, the long-term implications may exist in the form of widespread poverty in the RI-PNG border area.
{"title":"Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Its Implications for Economic Security in the Republic of Indonesia-Papua New Guinea Border Market Area","authors":"Edwin M. B. Tambunan, Floranesia Lantang","doi":"10.18196/jhi.v10i2.12553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18196/jhi.v10i2.12553","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic spread to the Indonesia-Papua New Guinea (PNG) border poses a real threat to people living in the region. As a consequence of this pandemic, the Transnational Border Post (PLBN) and the border market have been temporarily closed since January 2020. This article aims to analyze the implications of COVID-19 on the economic security of the people at the RI-PNG border and the responses of two countries, particularly Indonesia, toward the economic security threats in the border region. This article was developed from qualitative descriptive research using field research methods. Data were collected through interviews and observations and supported by secondary data. This study revealed that the short-term implications of COVID-19 on economic security existed in the form of income reduction, even income loss, due to the closure of cross-border access. Income reduction may lead to the emergence of medium-term implications in the form of unemployment and debt. If there is no solution, the long-term implications may exist in the form of widespread poverty in the RI-PNG border area.","PeriodicalId":31816,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Hubungan Internasional","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44871572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-10DOI: 10.18196/jhi.v10i2.12194
Shella Hajura
The decision of the Governments of Indonesia and Malaysia to collaborate on shared cultural heritage is an interesting phenomenon. The dispute over cultural heritage claims between the two countries several years ago strained their relationship. The reluctance of both governments to understand each other’s different views and take unilateral action regarding their shared cultural heritage has complicated the cultural conflicts. In 2017, Indonesia and Malaysia collaborated to register pantun as shared cultural heritage in the UNESCO. Three years later, UNESCO designated pantun as the world’s intangible cultural heritage from Indonesia and Malaysia. This research aims to analyze the motivation of the cooperation between Indonesia-Malaysia in promoting shared cultural heritage at the international level, with a case study of the registering pantun as a representative list of UNESCO, carried out in 2017-2020. This study employed the concept of heritage diplomacy and soft power with a qualitative analysis method. The findings disclosed that the motivation of the Governments of Indonesia and Malaysia was to fulfill their political interest at the bilateral, regional and international levels. Using cultural heritage as diplomacy demonstrates that culture can solve the political problems between states and become their soft power.
{"title":"Shared Heritage Diplomacy of Indonesia and Malaysia as Soft Power in The Southeast Asia Region","authors":"Shella Hajura","doi":"10.18196/jhi.v10i2.12194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18196/jhi.v10i2.12194","url":null,"abstract":"The decision of the Governments of Indonesia and Malaysia to collaborate on shared cultural heritage is an interesting phenomenon. The dispute over cultural heritage claims between the two countries several years ago strained their relationship. The reluctance of both governments to understand each other’s different views and take unilateral action regarding their shared cultural heritage has complicated the cultural conflicts. In 2017, Indonesia and Malaysia collaborated to register pantun as shared cultural heritage in the UNESCO. Three years later, UNESCO designated pantun as the world’s intangible cultural heritage from Indonesia and Malaysia. This research aims to analyze the motivation of the cooperation between Indonesia-Malaysia in promoting shared cultural heritage at the international level, with a case study of the registering pantun as a representative list of UNESCO, carried out in 2017-2020. This study employed the concept of heritage diplomacy and soft power with a qualitative analysis method. The findings disclosed that the motivation of the Governments of Indonesia and Malaysia was to fulfill their political interest at the bilateral, regional and international levels. Using cultural heritage as diplomacy demonstrates that culture can solve the political problems between states and become their soft power.","PeriodicalId":31816,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Hubungan Internasional","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42724395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-10DOI: 10.18196/jhi.v10i2.12500
Nurfitri Nugrahaningsih, Ully Nuzulian, Ratu Zahirah Lutfie
The Covid-19 pandemic has required many countries to implement social restrictions and lockdown policies to prevent the spread of the virus within their borders. Malaysia was one of the countries that went into lockdown, which affected the temporary suspension of various non-essential socio-economic activities. As an implication, Malaysia had to implement a policy of massively repatriating some migrant workers to their countries of origin, including Indonesian migrant workers or Pekerja Migran Indonesia (PMI). The repatriation then became a challenge for the Indonesian Government, particularly in West Kalimantan, a province becoming the port of entry for PMI repatriation from Malaysia amidst the measures to prevent the spread of Covid-19. On the other hand, Malaysia’s measures are underway to protect PMI affected by Covid-19. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors causing the non-optimal paradiplomacy carried out by the West Kalimantan Provincial Government in dealing with the consequences of the Covid-19 outbreak on PMI. Protection of PMI in Malaysia should be a concern, considering the lockdown policies implemented in Malaysia require synergistic efforts by both governments and organizations holding a fundamental role in protecting the rights of PMI. This study employed an exploratory method and a qualitative approach with interview techniques as the primary source of data and literature review as a secondary source of data. The analysis in this study refers to the efforts of paradiplomacy proposed by Nugrahaningsih (2015), stating the necessity for mutual priority, wider participation, and government commitment. The results of this study revealed that the non-optimal paradiplomacy of the protection of migrant workers during the Covid-19 pandemic was caused by: (1) The absence of shared priority between both of West Kalimantan and Sarawak Governments regarding the protection of PMI, (2) The lack of participation from NGOs and civil society, and (3) The lack of commitment of the West Kalimantan Government to optimize the protection of PMI through the cooperation with the Sarawak Government (Malaysia).
{"title":"Paradiplomacy in Protecting West Kalimantan Migrant Workers in Malaysia during the Covid-19 Global Pandemic","authors":"Nurfitri Nugrahaningsih, Ully Nuzulian, Ratu Zahirah Lutfie","doi":"10.18196/jhi.v10i2.12500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18196/jhi.v10i2.12500","url":null,"abstract":"The Covid-19 pandemic has required many countries to implement social restrictions and lockdown policies to prevent the spread of the virus within their borders. Malaysia was one of the countries that went into lockdown, which affected the temporary suspension of various non-essential socio-economic activities. As an implication, Malaysia had to implement a policy of massively repatriating some migrant workers to their countries of origin, including Indonesian migrant workers or Pekerja Migran Indonesia (PMI). The repatriation then became a challenge for the Indonesian Government, particularly in West Kalimantan, a province becoming the port of entry for PMI repatriation from Malaysia amidst the measures to prevent the spread of Covid-19. On the other hand, Malaysia’s measures are underway to protect PMI affected by Covid-19. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors causing the non-optimal paradiplomacy carried out by the West Kalimantan Provincial Government in dealing with the consequences of the Covid-19 outbreak on PMI. Protection of PMI in Malaysia should be a concern, considering the lockdown policies implemented in Malaysia require synergistic efforts by both governments and organizations holding a fundamental role in protecting the rights of PMI. This study employed an exploratory method and a qualitative approach with interview techniques as the primary source of data and literature review as a secondary source of data. The analysis in this study refers to the efforts of paradiplomacy proposed by Nugrahaningsih (2015), stating the necessity for mutual priority, wider participation, and government commitment. The results of this study revealed that the non-optimal paradiplomacy of the protection of migrant workers during the Covid-19 pandemic was caused by: (1) The absence of shared priority between both of West Kalimantan and Sarawak Governments regarding the protection of PMI, (2) The lack of participation from NGOs and civil society, and (3) The lack of commitment of the West Kalimantan Government to optimize the protection of PMI through the cooperation with the Sarawak Government (Malaysia). ","PeriodicalId":31816,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Hubungan Internasional","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45787942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-10DOI: 10.18196/jhi.v10i2.12227
Yordan Gunawan, Ravenska Marchdiva Sienda, Rizaldy Anggriawan, A. Salim
In 2020, the Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs of Indonesia, Mahfud MD, affirmed that any Indonesian citizen affiliated with ISIS would not be repatriated. However, Article 28D of the 1945 Constitution ensures that a person’s citizenship status is guaranteed as one of the human rights, as guaranteed in Article 15 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. For this reason, this research used a normative legal research method using statute and case approaches through literature review. The research raises the question of how is the protection of the rights to nationality for ex-ISIS based on international law? The research aims to discuss and analyze the rights to the nationality of ex-ISIS combatants under the implementation of international law, such as Article 1 (1) of the 1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons. The research results explain that the state’s discretion regarding nationality is particularly limited to conditions such as the prohibition of arbitrary deprivation, the duty to avoid statelessness, and the principle of discrimination, and everyone has a right to a nationality.
{"title":"The Rights to Nationality for Ex ISIS Combatants Repatriation Under International Law","authors":"Yordan Gunawan, Ravenska Marchdiva Sienda, Rizaldy Anggriawan, A. Salim","doi":"10.18196/jhi.v10i2.12227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18196/jhi.v10i2.12227","url":null,"abstract":"In 2020, the Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs of Indonesia, Mahfud MD, affirmed that any Indonesian citizen affiliated with ISIS would not be repatriated. However, Article 28D of the 1945 Constitution ensures that a person’s citizenship status is guaranteed as one of the human rights, as guaranteed in Article 15 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. For this reason, this research used a normative legal research method using statute and case approaches through literature review. The research raises the question of how is the protection of the rights to nationality for ex-ISIS based on international law? The research aims to discuss and analyze the rights to the nationality of ex-ISIS combatants under the implementation of international law, such as Article 1 (1) of the 1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons. The research results explain that the state’s discretion regarding nationality is particularly limited to conditions such as the prohibition of arbitrary deprivation, the duty to avoid statelessness, and the principle of discrimination, and everyone has a right to a nationality.","PeriodicalId":31816,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Hubungan Internasional","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46452495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-27DOI: 10.18196/jhi.v10i1.12460
Adhianty Nurjanah, Riski Apriliani
Natural disasters are events that often occur in Southeast Asia, including in Indonesia. As it is situated in the ring of fire area and has faced different kinds of natural disaster events, Indonesia has their own experiences in disaster risk management, one of which is the involvement and active role of the community. Therefore, this study will analyze the important role of Umbulharjo Merapi Monitoring Community (UMMC)––a community that focuses on monitoring Mount Merapi in the Special Region of Yogyakarta––that is committed as the provider of information regarding Merapi condition through a direct monitor and plays the role in initiating programs that focus on disaster mitigation. The results of this study aims to show that the role of the community is necessarily required in the mitigation program so that it can be a reference for disaster management models in disaster-prone areas in the Southeast Asian region. This study used a qualitative descriptive method and the data were obtained through an in-depth interview process involving community members, academicians and the government of Sleman Regency. The results of the study revealed that the disaster mitigation carried out by UMMC consisted of four stages that are: identification, analysis, treating, monitoring and evaluation. Through these four stages, several programs for disaster risk reduction are arranged, such as counselling, training, collaborating with stakeholders, and mentoring.
{"title":"The Role of Community in Disaster Mitigation: The Case of Umbulharjo Merapi Monitoring Community on Merapi Mount, Indonesia","authors":"Adhianty Nurjanah, Riski Apriliani","doi":"10.18196/jhi.v10i1.12460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18196/jhi.v10i1.12460","url":null,"abstract":"Natural disasters are events that often occur in Southeast Asia, including in Indonesia. As it is situated in the ring of fire area and has faced different kinds of natural disaster events, Indonesia has their own experiences in disaster risk management, one of which is the involvement and active role of the community. Therefore, this study will analyze the important role of Umbulharjo Merapi Monitoring Community (UMMC)––a community that focuses on monitoring Mount Merapi in the Special Region of Yogyakarta––that is committed as the provider of information regarding Merapi condition through a direct monitor and plays the role in initiating programs that focus on disaster mitigation. The results of this study aims to show that the role of the community is necessarily required in the mitigation program so that it can be a reference for disaster management models in disaster-prone areas in the Southeast Asian region. This study used a qualitative descriptive method and the data were obtained through an in-depth interview process involving community members, academicians and the government of Sleman Regency. The results of the study revealed that the disaster mitigation carried out by UMMC consisted of four stages that are: identification, analysis, treating, monitoring and evaluation. Through these four stages, several programs for disaster risk reduction are arranged, such as counselling, training, collaborating with stakeholders, and mentoring.","PeriodicalId":31816,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Hubungan Internasional","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49081567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-30DOI: 10.18196/JHI.V10I1.12223
N. Azizah, Muhammad Ammar Hidayahtulloh, Lintang Cahya Perwita, A. Maksum
Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security (WPS Agenda) has been recognized as a landmark in the history of global efforts to maintain international peace and security by centering women on the agenda. Indonesia has shown its commitment to WPS Agenda by adopting its first National Action Plan (NAP) in 2014. On top of that, Indonesia is also committed to increasing the number of female peacekeepers in the UN peacekeeping missions. This research aims to examine how WPS Agenda as a global normative framework diffuses and is internalized in Indonesia. This research employed a feminist institutionalist approach and a qualitative method. Using the concept of ‘velvet triangles’ by Alison Woodward (2004) as our theoretical framework, we argue that the triangular network of velvet actors—consisting of feminist bureaucrats, civil society organizations’ activists, and gender experts—plays a critical role in making a considerably important space for the diffusion of WPS Agenda within Indonesia’s domestic politics and foreign policy debates. In concluding the article, we propose two considerations taking into account the formal and informal arrangement of the velvet constellation and the transnational scale of the network’s actors to provide a more nuanced conceptual definition of velvet triangles.
{"title":"‘Velvet Triangles’ in Women, Peace and Security Agenda in Indonesia","authors":"N. Azizah, Muhammad Ammar Hidayahtulloh, Lintang Cahya Perwita, A. Maksum","doi":"10.18196/JHI.V10I1.12223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18196/JHI.V10I1.12223","url":null,"abstract":"Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security (WPS Agenda) has been recognized as a landmark in the history of global efforts to maintain international peace and security by centering women on the agenda. Indonesia has shown its commitment to WPS Agenda by adopting its first National Action Plan (NAP) in 2014. On top of that, Indonesia is also committed to increasing the number of female peacekeepers in the UN peacekeeping missions. This research aims to examine how WPS Agenda as a global normative framework diffuses and is internalized in Indonesia. This research employed a feminist institutionalist approach and a qualitative method. Using the concept of ‘velvet triangles’ by Alison Woodward (2004) as our theoretical framework, we argue that the triangular network of velvet actors—consisting of feminist bureaucrats, civil society organizations’ activists, and gender experts—plays a critical role in making a considerably important space for the diffusion of WPS Agenda within Indonesia’s domestic politics and foreign policy debates. In concluding the article, we propose two considerations taking into account the formal and informal arrangement of the velvet constellation and the transnational scale of the network’s actors to provide a more nuanced conceptual definition of velvet triangles.","PeriodicalId":31816,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Hubungan Internasional","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42239989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-07DOI: 10.18196/JHI.V10I1.10791
Sari Mutiara Aisyah, M. Yusa, Nur Aslamiah Supli, OK.Mohammad Fajar Ikhsan
The downstreaming option to provide added value to local industries, especially developing countries in the Global Value Chain (GVC) era as a way to increase competitiveness and seizing global markets, is inevitable. This paper focus on the analysis of the developments and limitations faced in the implementation of the Strategic Policy of South Sumatra Rubber Product Downstreaming with the establishment of Tanjung Api-Api Special Economic Zone. At the regional level, the idea of developing SEZ (Special Economic Zone) aims to prepare investment institutions in improving the investment climate in Southeast Asia region and manifesting ASEAN as a single market and production base as a component of the 2015 ASEAN Economic Community. This study used an exploratory and descriptive qualitative research method, where the depth and context of the data are important. Data from this study consisted of secondary data through literature study and analysis of documents and primary data obtained from interview as well as through field research. The author concludes that the industrial downstreaming of rubber products in South Sumatra has not been maximally carried out, it was still segmented, it was not conducted linearly, both production and coordination between the central government and the locals. Tanjung Api-Api SEZ as a hub for international trade and industrialization of rubber commodities also encountered various obstacles including infrastructure (deep sea port) at this point was inadequate, certainty of fiscal incentives for companies relocating to SEZ and licensing.
在全球价值链时代，为当地产业，特别是发展中国家提供附加值的下游选择是不可避免的，这是提高竞争力和抢占全球市场的一种方式。本文重点分析了随着丹绒阿皮阿皮经济特区的建立，南苏门答腊橡胶产品下游战略政策在实施过程中面临的发展和限制。在区域层面，发展经济特区的想法旨在为投资机构改善东南亚地区的投资环境做好准备，并将东盟作为2015年东盟经济共同体的一个组成部分，体现为一个单一的市场和生产基地。本研究采用了探索性和描述性的定性研究方法，其中数据的深度和上下文很重要。本研究的数据包括通过文献研究和文献分析获得的次要数据，以及通过访谈和实地研究获得的主要数据。作者得出的结论是，南苏门答腊橡胶产品的工业下游化并没有最大限度地进行，它仍然是分段的，不是线性的，无论是生产还是中央政府和当地政府之间的协调。Tanjung Api Api经济特区作为橡胶商品的国际贸易和工业化中心，也遇到了各种障碍，包括目前基础设施（深海港）不足、对搬迁到经济特区的公司的财政激励的确定性和许可证。
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Pub Date : 2021-08-07DOI: 10.18196/JHI.V10I1.11566
Ludiro Madu
Following the increasing use of social media, particularly Twitter, the Indonesian MOFA made an official Twitter account @Kemlu_RI for disseminating information. The paper aims to to analyse the trend of tweeting at the official Twitter account of the Indonesian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA), @Kemlu_RI. This research used a qualitative approach through online media, Twitter. Data was obtained through observation of the conversation trend on Twitter by monitoring @Kemlu_RI account. This research focussed on the use of hashtag #BDF2019. Using ‘Drone Emprit Academic’ (DEA), this research collected data on five days of Twitter conversation. The DEA analysis resulted in 1.088 conversations. Rather than only disseminating information, the use of DEA for analysing #BDF2019 at @Kemlu_RI turned out to produce more findings. The result of this study shows that the DEA usage gives more benefits to Indonesian digital diplomacy, such as top hashtag, top influencer, social network analyses, and most engaged users, rather than just general dissemination of information of the BDF 2019. Therefore, the use of the DEA is very significant for resulting in more accurate data for Indonesian MOFA in order to manage a better strategy for using Twitter in its future diplomatic agenda.
{"title":"Twitter Diplomacy @Kemlu_RI: A Case Study of Bali Democracy Forum 2019","authors":"Ludiro Madu","doi":"10.18196/JHI.V10I1.11566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18196/JHI.V10I1.11566","url":null,"abstract":"Following the increasing use of social media, particularly Twitter, the Indonesian MOFA made an official Twitter account @Kemlu_RI for disseminating information. The paper aims to to analyse the trend of tweeting at the official Twitter account of the Indonesian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA), @Kemlu_RI. This research used a qualitative approach through online media, Twitter. Data was obtained through observation of the conversation trend on Twitter by monitoring @Kemlu_RI account. This research focussed on the use of hashtag #BDF2019. Using ‘Drone Emprit Academic’ (DEA), this research collected data on five days of Twitter conversation. The DEA analysis resulted in 1.088 conversations. Rather than only disseminating information, the use of DEA for analysing #BDF2019 at @Kemlu_RI turned out to produce more findings. The result of this study shows that the DEA usage gives more benefits to Indonesian digital diplomacy, such as top hashtag, top influencer, social network analyses, and most engaged users, rather than just general dissemination of information of the BDF 2019. Therefore, the use of the DEA is very significant for resulting in more accurate data for Indonesian MOFA in order to manage a better strategy for using Twitter in its future diplomatic agenda.","PeriodicalId":31816,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Hubungan Internasional","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43948888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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