Pub Date : 2014-06-24DOI: 10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045807
Adam Renner, Robert L. Williams, M. McCartney, Brandon Harmon, Lucas Boswell, Subhashini Ganapathy, Kushal Abhyankar, J. West, N. Weiner, Nathan Weinle
Emergency response operations would universally benefit by extending telemedicine to the most difficult and challenging environments. For example, the Air Force Pararescue Jumpers (PJ) and Combat Rescue Officers (CRO) perform rescue and life-saving measure in austere environments. Currently, Bluetooth® aided pen-and-paper systems are employed to collect and store medical data, from the time it is sensed to its dissemination. This is proving to be tedious and non-scalable, especially when the number of casualties is larger than the number of responders in a given mission. Pararescue Jumpers, Combat Rescue Officers and similar medical rescue agencies are seeking medical vital sign sensors and telemetry solutions for mass casualty responses in which a small team of medical rescuers must be able to rescue and sustain the life of multiple casualties in critical condition. Project Ripple, to be described in this paper, is meant to create a Medical Body Area Network (MBAN) of sensors to assist in triage and general physiological data collection in a disaster scenario. The system is demonstrates an improved alternative to existing Bluetooth® and pen-and-paper systems by streamlining the processes of data collection, storage, transfer, and visualization. Low-power, wireless devices that utilized open standards makeup the sensor network while custom mobile applications were used for the visualization of the sensor data. Also, flexible and generic sensor fusion architecture is being explored.
{"title":"RIPPLE: Scalable medical telemetry system for supporting combat rescue","authors":"Adam Renner, Robert L. Williams, M. McCartney, Brandon Harmon, Lucas Boswell, Subhashini Ganapathy, Kushal Abhyankar, J. West, N. Weiner, Nathan Weinle","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045807","url":null,"abstract":"Emergency response operations would universally benefit by extending telemedicine to the most difficult and challenging environments. For example, the Air Force Pararescue Jumpers (PJ) and Combat Rescue Officers (CRO) perform rescue and life-saving measure in austere environments. Currently, Bluetooth® aided pen-and-paper systems are employed to collect and store medical data, from the time it is sensed to its dissemination. This is proving to be tedious and non-scalable, especially when the number of casualties is larger than the number of responders in a given mission. Pararescue Jumpers, Combat Rescue Officers and similar medical rescue agencies are seeking medical vital sign sensors and telemetry solutions for mass casualty responses in which a small team of medical rescuers must be able to rescue and sustain the life of multiple casualties in critical condition. Project Ripple, to be described in this paper, is meant to create a Medical Body Area Network (MBAN) of sensors to assist in triage and general physiological data collection in a disaster scenario. The system is demonstrates an improved alternative to existing Bluetooth® and pen-and-paper systems by streamlining the processes of data collection, storage, transfer, and visualization. Low-power, wireless devices that utilized open standards makeup the sensor network while custom mobile applications were used for the visualization of the sensor data. Also, flexible and generic sensor fusion architecture is being explored.","PeriodicalId":318539,"journal":{"name":"NAECON 2014 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132358598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-24DOI: 10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045763
K. Pan, E. Shin, Kelvin Freeman, Weisong Wang, Dustin Brown, G. Subramanyam
Vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin films have unique insulator to metal transition above the critical temperature of 72 °C. In this research, VO2 thin films were deposited on a sapphire substrate for thermally controllable RF/microwave switching devices with integrated heating coil. The VO2 thin film based devices showed insulator performance at room temperature and metallic state (low resistive phase) at 80 °C. Switching devices designed using a VO2 series varistor showed good isolation (<; -30 dB) and low insertion loss (> -5 dB) up to 20 GHz.
{"title":"Vanadium dioxide thin film series single-pole single throw switch","authors":"K. Pan, E. Shin, Kelvin Freeman, Weisong Wang, Dustin Brown, G. Subramanyam","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045763","url":null,"abstract":"Vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin films have unique insulator to metal transition above the critical temperature of 72 °C. In this research, VO2 thin films were deposited on a sapphire substrate for thermally controllable RF/microwave switching devices with integrated heating coil. The VO2 thin film based devices showed insulator performance at room temperature and metallic state (low resistive phase) at 80 °C. Switching devices designed using a VO2 series varistor showed good isolation (<; -30 dB) and low insertion loss (> -5 dB) up to 20 GHz.","PeriodicalId":318539,"journal":{"name":"NAECON 2014 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132022369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-24DOI: 10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045768
Christopher I. Allen, D. Langley, J. Lyke
This paper presents an analysis of an inexact N-bit ripple carry adder architecture. Results show that a 30 percent power reduction is achieved for several approximate adders while maintaining a root-mean square error of 16 percent.
{"title":"Inexact computing with approximate adder application","authors":"Christopher I. Allen, D. Langley, J. Lyke","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045768","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an analysis of an inexact N-bit ripple carry adder architecture. Results show that a 30 percent power reduction is achieved for several approximate adders while maintaining a root-mean square error of 16 percent.","PeriodicalId":318539,"journal":{"name":"NAECON 2014 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128127345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-24DOI: 10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045791
Erik Blasch, J. Duník, O. Straka, M. Simandl
Sigma-Point Filtering (SPF) has become popular to increase the accuracy in estimation of tracking parameters such as the mean and variance. A recent development in SPF is the stochastic integration filter (SIF) which has shown to increase estimation over the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and the Unscented Kalman filter (UKF); however, we want to explore the notion of the SIF versus the UKF for maneuvering targets. In this paper, we compare the SIF method with that of the KF, EKF, and UKF, using the Average Normalized Estimation Error Square (ANEES) for non-linear, non-Gaussian tracking. When the nonlinear turn-rate model is similar to the linear constant velocity model, all methods are the same. When the turn-rate model differs from the constant-velocity model, our results show that the UKF with a large number of sigma-points performs better than the SIF.
{"title":"Comparison of stochastic integration filter with the Unscented Kalman filter for maneuvering targets","authors":"Erik Blasch, J. Duník, O. Straka, M. Simandl","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045791","url":null,"abstract":"Sigma-Point Filtering (SPF) has become popular to increase the accuracy in estimation of tracking parameters such as the mean and variance. A recent development in SPF is the stochastic integration filter (SIF) which has shown to increase estimation over the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and the Unscented Kalman filter (UKF); however, we want to explore the notion of the SIF versus the UKF for maneuvering targets. In this paper, we compare the SIF method with that of the KF, EKF, and UKF, using the Average Normalized Estimation Error Square (ANEES) for non-linear, non-Gaussian tracking. When the nonlinear turn-rate model is similar to the linear constant velocity model, all methods are the same. When the turn-rate model differs from the constant-velocity model, our results show that the UKF with a large number of sigma-points performs better than the SIF.","PeriodicalId":318539,"journal":{"name":"NAECON 2014 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115751245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-24DOI: 10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045815
Siyang Cao, Yuan F. Zheng, R. Ewing
A new wavelet based Gaussian waveform is proposed. The proposed waveform takes advantage of both the Gaussian waveform and the wavelet-based waveform for improving the performance in range detection. The new waveform can completely remove the near-sidelobes and push the far-sidelobes out of the detecting boundary. As a result, it is particularly suitable for use by the spotlight synthetic aperture radar (SAR).
{"title":"Wavelet-based gaussian waveform for spotlight synthetic aperture radar","authors":"Siyang Cao, Yuan F. Zheng, R. Ewing","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045815","url":null,"abstract":"A new wavelet based Gaussian waveform is proposed. The proposed waveform takes advantage of both the Gaussian waveform and the wavelet-based waveform for improving the performance in range detection. The new waveform can completely remove the near-sidelobes and push the far-sidelobes out of the detecting boundary. As a result, it is particularly suitable for use by the spotlight synthetic aperture radar (SAR).","PeriodicalId":318539,"journal":{"name":"NAECON 2014 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124080281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-24DOI: 10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045801
Ryan Moore, Soundararajan Ezekiel, Erik Blasch
Fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs) and Discrete Wavelet Transformations (DWTs) have been routinely used as methods of denoising signals. DWT limitations include the inability to detect contours, curves and directional information of multi-dimensional signals. In the past decade, two new approaches have surfaced: curvelets, developed by Candès; and contourlets, developed by Do et al. The typical applications of contourlets and curvelets include two-dimensional image data denoising. We explore the use of curvelets and contourlets to the one-dimensional (1D) denoising problem. Working with seismic data, we introduce various types of data noise and the wavelet, curvelet, and contourlet transforms are applied to each signal. We tested multiple decomposition levels and different thresholding values. The benchmark for determining the effectiveness of each transform is the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) between the original signal and the denoised signal. The proposed denoising methods demonstrate contourlets and curvelets as a viable alternative to the DWT and FFT during signal processing. The initial results indicate that the contourlet and curvelet methods yield a higher PSNR and lower error than the DWT and FFT for 1D data.
{"title":"Denoising one-dimensional signals with curvelets and contourlets","authors":"Ryan Moore, Soundararajan Ezekiel, Erik Blasch","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045801","url":null,"abstract":"Fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs) and Discrete Wavelet Transformations (DWTs) have been routinely used as methods of denoising signals. DWT limitations include the inability to detect contours, curves and directional information of multi-dimensional signals. In the past decade, two new approaches have surfaced: curvelets, developed by Candès; and contourlets, developed by Do et al. The typical applications of contourlets and curvelets include two-dimensional image data denoising. We explore the use of curvelets and contourlets to the one-dimensional (1D) denoising problem. Working with seismic data, we introduce various types of data noise and the wavelet, curvelet, and contourlet transforms are applied to each signal. We tested multiple decomposition levels and different thresholding values. The benchmark for determining the effectiveness of each transform is the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) between the original signal and the denoised signal. The proposed denoising methods demonstrate contourlets and curvelets as a viable alternative to the DWT and FFT during signal processing. The initial results indicate that the contourlet and curvelet methods yield a higher PSNR and lower error than the DWT and FFT for 1D data.","PeriodicalId":318539,"journal":{"name":"NAECON 2014 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference","volume":"38 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120999655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-24DOI: 10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045771
C. Pfeiffer, A. Grbic
An optical metasurface providing isotropic beam refraction is reported. The metasurface consists of cascaded metallic layers which allows for complete phase control while maintaining high transmission of the co-polarized field. The efficiency of the metasurface was measured to be 3 times larger than state of the art metasurfaces consisting of a single metallic layer. Future work will consider anisotropic metasurfaces that allow both wavefront and polarization control.
{"title":"Metasurfaces for phase and polarization control","authors":"C. Pfeiffer, A. Grbic","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045771","url":null,"abstract":"An optical metasurface providing isotropic beam refraction is reported. The metasurface consists of cascaded metallic layers which allows for complete phase control while maintaining high transmission of the co-polarized field. The efficiency of the metasurface was measured to be 3 times larger than state of the art metasurfaces consisting of a single metallic layer. Future work will consider anisotropic metasurfaces that allow both wavefront and polarization control.","PeriodicalId":318539,"journal":{"name":"NAECON 2014 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134177838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-24DOI: 10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045785
Loria Wang, Brian Calderon, M. E. Martinez, Randall Jarusiewic, Lynise Starr, R. Poth, P. Conley, A. Miranda
Radar-based human detection and classification is a diverse research field that is rich with challenging open problems. There are currently several commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) computational electromagnetic software packages that have developed human packages specifically for the purpose of radar-based human detection and classification research. In this paper we compare a theoretical and computational state-of-the-art software to recent experimental data on adult and child human subjects using a static radar operating in VHF and UHF. We find that there are unique human-based resonances in the UHF band that may aid researchers in finding a way to classify a general age class and estimate certain physical biometric indexes from radar scattering measurements. We continue the analysis by comparing the regions of the human body that maximally scatter based on frequency selection. We conclude the paper by listing a set of open problems that have been determined based on our papers analysis.
{"title":"A comparison of theoretical, computational, and experimental human electromagnetic scattering at VHF and UHF","authors":"Loria Wang, Brian Calderon, M. E. Martinez, Randall Jarusiewic, Lynise Starr, R. Poth, P. Conley, A. Miranda","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045785","url":null,"abstract":"Radar-based human detection and classification is a diverse research field that is rich with challenging open problems. There are currently several commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) computational electromagnetic software packages that have developed human packages specifically for the purpose of radar-based human detection and classification research. In this paper we compare a theoretical and computational state-of-the-art software to recent experimental data on adult and child human subjects using a static radar operating in VHF and UHF. We find that there are unique human-based resonances in the UHF band that may aid researchers in finding a way to classify a general age class and estimate certain physical biometric indexes from radar scattering measurements. We continue the analysis by comparing the regions of the human body that maximally scatter based on frequency selection. We conclude the paper by listing a set of open problems that have been determined based on our papers analysis.","PeriodicalId":318539,"journal":{"name":"NAECON 2014 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127250226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-24DOI: 10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045814
Taher AlSharabati
An effort to reach at an expression for the allowable TX noise levels into the GPS band for the WCDMA transmitters coexisting with the GPS service in a smartphone is made. These allowable noise levels will be for a certain tolerable amount of signal to noise ratio degradation. In developing these equations, the total system noise contributors are taken into consideration with practicality. These contributors include thermal, jammer, noise figure and local oscillator spurious emissions. The effect of changing data rates in WCDMA transmission on GPS acquisition will be the study in this paper.
{"title":"Effect of different interferer data rates on GPS acquisition","authors":"Taher AlSharabati","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045814","url":null,"abstract":"An effort to reach at an expression for the allowable TX noise levels into the GPS band for the WCDMA transmitters coexisting with the GPS service in a smartphone is made. These allowable noise levels will be for a certain tolerable amount of signal to noise ratio degradation. In developing these equations, the total system noise contributors are taken into consideration with practicality. These contributors include thermal, jammer, noise figure and local oscillator spurious emissions. The effect of changing data rates in WCDMA transmission on GPS acquisition will be the study in this paper.","PeriodicalId":318539,"journal":{"name":"NAECON 2014 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126747386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-24DOI: 10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045830
Randall D. Deppensmith, Samuel J. Stone
Device discrimination using RF-DNA utilizes the uniqueness resulting from integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing process variation. As an IC ages toward wear-out failure, internal physical alterations may impart additional changes on the order of initial process variations. This paper proposes exploration of: 1) the impact of aging on RF-DNA discrimination reliability, and 2) a means to monitor IC aging using RF-DNA.
{"title":"Integrated circuit (IC) aging effects on radio-frequency distinct native attributes (RF-DNA)","authors":"Randall D. Deppensmith, Samuel J. Stone","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045830","url":null,"abstract":"Device discrimination using RF-DNA utilizes the uniqueness resulting from integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing process variation. As an IC ages toward wear-out failure, internal physical alterations may impart additional changes on the order of initial process variations. This paper proposes exploration of: 1) the impact of aging on RF-DNA discrimination reliability, and 2) a means to monitor IC aging using RF-DNA.","PeriodicalId":318539,"journal":{"name":"NAECON 2014 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123459505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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