Pub Date : 1988-06-07DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.1988.671333
V. Sienknecht, T. Funck
The measuring system for the determination of the SI volt has been set up and first evaluations of the conversion factor of the volt have been carried out. The voltage balance and all peripheral devices perform as expected, and the applied new measuring method has proved to be suitable. Measuring results with an expected uncertainty of few parts in 10/sup 7/ will be given at the conference.
{"title":"Precision Determination of the SI Volt at the PTB","authors":"V. Sienknecht, T. Funck","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.1988.671333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.1988.671333","url":null,"abstract":"The measuring system for the determination of the SI volt has been set up and first evaluations of the conversion factor of the volt have been carried out. The voltage balance and all peripheral devices perform as expected, and the applied new measuring method has proved to be suitable. Measuring results with an expected uncertainty of few parts in 10/sup 7/ will be given at the conference.","PeriodicalId":326579,"journal":{"name":"1988 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130832061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-06-07DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.1988.671326
Y. Kobayashi, S. Okayama, M. Komuro, M. Okano, S. Watanabe, A. Homma
Scanning tunneling microscopes (STM) of two different types were developed for measurement of nanometer order three-dimensional topography. Topographic maps of fine grid patterns on Si substrate fabricated by focused ion-beam lithography, optical grating and a compact disk stamper were obtained with resolution of around 10 nm by using electrochemically formed tips.
{"title":"Measurement of Nanometer Topography by Scanning Tunneling Microscope","authors":"Y. Kobayashi, S. Okayama, M. Komuro, M. Okano, S. Watanabe, A. Homma","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.1988.671326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.1988.671326","url":null,"abstract":"Scanning tunneling microscopes (STM) of two different types were developed for measurement of nanometer order three-dimensional topography. Topographic maps of fine grid patterns on Si substrate fabricated by focused ion-beam lithography, optical grating and a compact disk stamper were obtained with resolution of around 10 nm by using electrochemically formed tips.","PeriodicalId":326579,"journal":{"name":"1988 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126428952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-06-07DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.1988.671303
M. Bellon, A. Fau, L. Erard
Following the 1986 experiments performed at LCIE concerning the absolute determination of the Farad and the Ohm, some improvements were made on the main parts, the calculable cylindrical capacitor, the capacitance bridges and the quadrature bridge.
{"title":"Improvements in the Absolute Determination of the Farad and the OHM at LCIE","authors":"M. Bellon, A. Fau, L. Erard","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.1988.671303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.1988.671303","url":null,"abstract":"Following the 1986 experiments performed at LCIE concerning the absolute determination of the Farad and the Ohm, some improvements were made on the main parts, the calculable cylindrical capacitor, the capacitance bridges and the quadrature bridge.","PeriodicalId":326579,"journal":{"name":"1988 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126079388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-06-07DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.1988.671140
R. Steiner, B. Field
A New Josephson Array System Now Maintains The U. S. Legal Volt On A Weekly Basis. The Accuracy Of The I-volt Level Of This System Was Verified To Within 0.03 Ppm In Multiple Tests Against Two Independent Resistive Dividers. The Precision In The Verification Was -limited By Uncertainties In The Divider Instruments.
{"title":"Josephon Array Voltage Calibration System: Operational Use and Verification","authors":"R. Steiner, B. Field","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.1988.671140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.1988.671140","url":null,"abstract":"A New Josephson Array System Now Maintains The U. S. Legal Volt On A Weekly Basis. The Accuracy Of The I-volt Level Of This System Was Verified To Within 0.03 Ppm In Multiple Tests Against Two Independent Resistive Dividers. The Precision In The Verification Was -limited By Uncertainties In The Divider Instruments.","PeriodicalId":326579,"journal":{"name":"1988 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116223488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-06-07DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.1988.671305
S. Kawaji, N. Nagashima, N. Kikuchi, J. Wakabayashi, K. Inagaki, J. Kinoshita, K. Yoshihiro, C. Yamanouchi
The quantized Hall resistances, R/sub H/(4), of Si MOSFETs were measured at approximately=0.5 K in a magnetic field of 15 T. The value of R/sub H/(4) was determined in terms of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) realization of the SI ohm. A weighted mean of three determinations gave a value for the quantity R/sub H/(4) of (6453.203,36(52)) Omega /sub SI-NML/ which can also be expressed as 6453.2(1.000,000,52(8)) Omega /sub SI-NML/. This R/sub H/(4) value gives a value for h/e/sup 2/ which is about 0.3 p.p.m. larger than the value for h/e/sup 2/ derived from the anomalous moment of the electron, using the quantum electrodynamics (QED) theory. >
{"title":"Quantized Hall Resistance Measurements","authors":"S. Kawaji, N. Nagashima, N. Kikuchi, J. Wakabayashi, K. Inagaki, J. Kinoshita, K. Yoshihiro, C. Yamanouchi","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.1988.671305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.1988.671305","url":null,"abstract":"The quantized Hall resistances, R/sub H/(4), of Si MOSFETs were measured at approximately=0.5 K in a magnetic field of 15 T. The value of R/sub H/(4) was determined in terms of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) realization of the SI ohm. A weighted mean of three determinations gave a value for the quantity R/sub H/(4) of (6453.203,36(52)) Omega /sub SI-NML/ which can also be expressed as 6453.2(1.000,000,52(8)) Omega /sub SI-NML/. This R/sub H/(4) value gives a value for h/e/sup 2/ which is about 0.3 p.p.m. larger than the value for h/e/sup 2/ derived from the anomalous moment of the electron, using the quantum electrodynamics (QED) theory. >","PeriodicalId":326579,"journal":{"name":"1988 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116620788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-06-07DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.1988.671263
F. L. Katzmann
A new isothermal AC-DC transfer element has been reduced to practice. Constructed as a dual heater hot wire device it maintains high precision, with usable frequency capability beyond 100 MHz while settling to final value in several hundred milliseconds. The fast response substantially speeds operation of automated ac-dc transfer standards and precison ac digital voltmeters.
{"title":"A New Isothermal Multijunction Differential Thermal Element Provides Fast Settling AC to DC Converters","authors":"F. L. Katzmann","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.1988.671263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.1988.671263","url":null,"abstract":"A new isothermal AC-DC transfer element has been reduced to practice. Constructed as a dual heater hot wire device it maintains high precision, with usable frequency capability beyond 100 MHz while settling to final value in several hundred milliseconds. The fast response substantially speeds operation of automated ac-dc transfer standards and precison ac digital voltmeters.","PeriodicalId":326579,"journal":{"name":"1988 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122507833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-06-07DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.1988.671153
K. Kuboki, G. Shin, T. Kato, M. Ohtsu
Optical tracking generator/ Optical frequency synthesizer by semiconductor lasers was developed. Residual frequency fluctuations of the heterodyne signal were 3.7(Hz) at T = 100s. Frequency of the heterodyne signal could be swept for 0.02 GHz I, B < 2.03 GHz, and overall frequency tunable range of the slave laser was 6L.3 GHz.
研制了基于半导体激光器的光跟踪发生器/光频率合成器。T = 100s时外差信号的剩余频率波动为3.7(Hz)。外差信号的扫频范围为0.02 GHz, B < 2.03 GHz，从端激光器的总频率可调范围为6L.3GHz。
{"title":"Performance And Its Evaluation Of Optical Tracking Generator/ Optical Frequengy Synthesizer By Semiconductor Lasers","authors":"K. Kuboki, G. Shin, T. Kato, M. Ohtsu","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.1988.671153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.1988.671153","url":null,"abstract":"Optical tracking generator/ Optical frequency synthesizer by semiconductor lasers was developed. Residual frequency fluctuations of the heterodyne signal were 3.7(Hz) at T = 100s. Frequency of the heterodyne signal could be swept for 0.02 GHz I, B < 2.03 GHz, and overall frequency tunable range of the slave laser was 6L.3 GHz.","PeriodicalId":326579,"journal":{"name":"1988 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122589562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-06-07DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.1988.671245
T. Kawakami, A. Nagatsuka, I. Yokoshima
30MHz attenuation measurement system which uses a ratio transformer as the standard attenuator instead of a piston attenuator is designed and examined. Higher accuracy at low attenuations and easier maintenance are expected in the system than in the conventional one. Homodyne detection for the binary phase modulation method and heterodyne detection for the intermediate frequency substitution method are examined for 30MHz-1KHz attenuation conversion.
{"title":"30MHz Attenuation Standard Using Binary Phase Modulation Method","authors":"T. Kawakami, A. Nagatsuka, I. Yokoshima","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.1988.671245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.1988.671245","url":null,"abstract":"30MHz attenuation measurement system which uses a ratio transformer as the standard attenuator instead of a piston attenuator is designed and examined. Higher accuracy at low attenuations and easier maintenance are expected in the system than in the conventional one. Homodyne detection for the binary phase modulation method and heterodyne detection for the intermediate frequency substitution method are examined for 30MHz-1KHz attenuation conversion.","PeriodicalId":326579,"journal":{"name":"1988 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122718511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-06-07DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.1988.671382
K. Nakayama, M. Tanaka, K. Kuroda
An improvement of the x-ray and optical interferometer system is in progress for the absolute determination of the silicon
对x射线光学干涉仪系统进行了改进，用于硅的绝对测定
{"title":"Experiment on the Absolute Measurement of A Silicon Lattice Spacing at the NRLM","authors":"K. Nakayama, M. Tanaka, K. Kuroda","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.1988.671382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.1988.671382","url":null,"abstract":"An improvement of the x-ray and optical interferometer system is in progress for the absolute determination of the silicon","PeriodicalId":326579,"journal":{"name":"1988 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements","volume":"392 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133545735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-06-07DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.1988.671223
M. Afsar, T. Matsui, H. Chi
An automated open resonator system is designed and constructed to operate at 60 GHz for loss tangent and permittivity measurement of materials with loss tangent value as low as 10 micro-radians. This is accomplished by the use of a high Q cavity together with a synthesized 60 GHz Gunn oscillator source, a 56 GHz Gunn local oscillator both phase locked to a frequency standard and the heterodyne detection.
{"title":"A Precision 60 GHz Open Resonator System for Permittivity and Loss Tangent Measurement of Low Absorbing Materials","authors":"M. Afsar, T. Matsui, H. Chi","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.1988.671223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.1988.671223","url":null,"abstract":"An automated open resonator system is designed and constructed to operate at 60 GHz for loss tangent and permittivity measurement of materials with loss tangent value as low as 10 micro-radians. This is accomplished by the use of a high Q cavity together with a synthesized 60 GHz Gunn oscillator source, a 56 GHz Gunn local oscillator both phase locked to a frequency standard and the heterodyne detection.","PeriodicalId":326579,"journal":{"name":"1988 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133958065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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