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Год Франциска Скорины в Литве, Польше и Чехии 弗朗西斯·斯科里纳年在立陶宛、波兰和捷克共和国
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.15388/slavviln.2023.68(1).100
Aliaksandr Parshankou
The year 2022 was announced in Lithuania by the decision of the Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania in the years of Francysk Skaryna. It was marked by the publication of monographs dedicated to the outstanding cultural figure, a number of conferences where controversial issues of the life and work of Francysk Skaryna were discussed, a summer school - a joint event of the Czech Republic and Lithuania, exhibitions, film projects, and publications in the press. The events of 2022 in Lithuania, Poland, the Czech Republic, in which scientists, librarians, creative teams took part, and the continuation of scoriniana in 2023, indicate that the legacy of Francysk Skorina does not lose its relevance.
2022年在立陶宛由立陶宛共和国议会在弗朗西斯克·斯卡里纳(Francysk Skaryna)年的决定宣布。它的特点是出版了专门介绍这位杰出文化人物的专著,举行了一些讨论Francysk Skaryna生活和工作中有争议问题的会议,举办了一所暑期学校-捷克共和国和立陶宛的联合活动,展览,电影项目和新闻界出版物。2022年在立陶宛、波兰、捷克共和国举办的科学家、图书馆员、创意团队参加的活动,以及2023年斯科里纳的延续,都表明弗朗西斯科·斯科里纳的遗产并没有失去其相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Pietų aukštaičių šnektose vartojamų slavizmų vertinimo atspalviai 评价南部高地方言中使用的斯拉夫语的阴影
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.15388/slavviln.2023.68(1).96
Vilija Ragaišienė
The article discusses the connotation, context of usage and tendencies of loanwords (nouns and adjectives) from Slavic languages used in the subdialects of the Southern Aukštaitians. The research conducted revealed that the constant connotation is usually characteristic of loanwords that name persons and other living beings by their character traits, habits and inclinations, less often by their physical characteristics. Loanwords acquire a contextual connotation in contexts (combinations of words and sentences) in which the physical characteristics and appearance of the object under discussion (a person or other living being) are assessed from a certain aspect. The positive or negative shade of the assessment of loanwords with constant connotation can be used not only in a word taken separately but also in a wider context of usage. Loanwords of Southern Aukštaitian subdialects usually have a negative connotation. The spectrum of the assessment of the object in question is quite wide: from teasing to ridicule or even bullyin. Loanwords in certain contexts are used as having a greater emotional expression than Standard language words.
本文讨论了南方次方言Aukštaitians中使用的斯拉夫语外来词(名词和形容词)的内涵、使用语境和趋势。研究表明,以性格特征、习惯和倾向来命名人和其他生物的外来词通常具有恒定的内涵,而较少以身体特征来命名。外来词在语境(词和句子的组合)中获得语境内涵,在语境中,所讨论的对象(人或其他生物)的物理特征和外观从某个方面进行评估。具有固定内涵的外来词评价的正负阴影不仅可以单独使用,而且可以在更广泛的使用语境中使用。南方Aukštaitian次方言的外来词通常有负面含义。对所讨论的对象的评估范围相当广泛:从戏弄到嘲笑甚至欺凌。在某些语境中,外来词比标准语言词汇更能表达情感。
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引用次数: 0
Working International Meeting in Ljubljana (Slovenia) about Modern Phraseology as a Vital Linguistic Scientific Field 在卢布尔雅那(斯洛文尼亚)举行的关于现代短语学作为一个重要的语言学科学领域的国际工作会议
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.15388/slavviln.2022.67(2).103
A. Žele
On December 16, 2022, a bilateral Slovenian-Croatian phraseology working meeting was held at the Faculty of Arts of the University of Ljubljana, at which the state of phraseology in Slovenia and Croatia was updated in a very concise manner. The organizer was the Faculty of Arts in Ljubljana and, within this institution, the Department of Slovene Studies. The expert discussion took place according to thematic blocks, namely: 1) Methods, approaches and reviews, 2) Phraseology in dictionaries, 3) Teaching and learning phraseology, and 4) Current phraseological research. It has been confirmed that such working international meetings with the much-needed exchange of expert opinions and experiences are necessary for the smooth development of the profession and at the same time are also invaluable for their vision within the wider linguistic activity.
2022年12月16日,斯洛文尼亚和克罗地亚在卢布尔雅那大学文学院举行了双边用语工作会议,以非常简洁的方式更新了斯洛文尼亚和克罗地亚的用语状况。组织者是卢布尔雅那的艺术学院,以及该学院内的斯洛文尼亚研究系。专家讨论按主题板块进行,分别是:1)方法、途径和回顾;2)词典中的短语;3)教学与学习短语;4)当前短语研究。已经证实,这种交流专家意见和经验的国际工作会议对于该专业的顺利发展是必要的,同时对于他们在更广泛的语言活动中的视野也是非常宝贵的。
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引用次数: 0
International Didactic Project Multilingualism of the Baltic Region: Institute of Specialised and Intercultural Communication, University of Warsaw 波罗的海地区多语言国际教学项目:华沙大学专业和跨文化传播研究所
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.15388/slavviln.2022.67(2).90
Marta Małachowicz, J. Piotrowska
The announcement presents the conception of the didactic project Multilingualism of the Baltic region, which has been carried out since the second half of 2022 in the Institute of Specialised and Intercultural Communication at the University of Warsaw thanks to funding granted by the university’s Teaching Excellence Fund. Special attention is given to the first part of the project focused on the language situation in Lithuania. This part of the project has been already completed. In October 2022, professors from Vilnius University, Lithuania taught a specialist course held in Russian language consisting of seven seminars and practical training. These types of projects respond to demand expressed by students interested in exploring languages and cultures of the Baltic region. They also pursue the goals of a contemporary university aiming for innovation in teaching.
该公告介绍了波罗的海地区多语言教学项目的概念,该项目自2022年下半年起在华沙大学专业和跨文化传播研究所开展,该项目得到了华沙大学卓越教学基金的资助。项目的第一部分特别关注立陶宛的语言情况。这部分工程已经完成了。2022年10月,立陶宛维尔纽斯大学的教授们用俄语教授了一门专业课程,包括七场研讨会和实践培训。这些类型的项目响应了学生对探索波罗的海地区语言和文化感兴趣的需求。他们也追求当代大学的目标,即创新教学。
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引用次数: 0
International Scientific Conference “Borderlands of the Slavic Region at the Turn of the 20th and 21st Centuries Language – Society – Culture – Identity” (Vilnius 8–10.09.2022) “20世纪和21世纪之交斯拉夫地区的边疆语言-社会-文化-身份”国际科学会议(2022年9月8日至10日,维尔纽斯)
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.15388/slavviln.2022.67(2).102
Jelena Konickaja
On September 8–10, 2022, the VI International Scientific Conference of the Commission on Sociolinguistics, accredited to the International Committee of Slavists, from the series “Slavic languages in a Sociolinguistic Aspect” was held at the Faculty of Philology of Vilnius University. The conference was organized by the Centre of Polish Studies of the Faculty of Philology of VU. 71 reports discussed the most pressing problems of sociolinguistics, ethnolinguistics, cognitive linguistics, widely and diversely reflecting the wide range of questions of the conference. Information about the conference, theses of the participants' presentations are available on the website http://www.sociolingvistika2022.flf.vu.lt/
2022年9月8日至10日,在维尔纽斯大学文学系举行了国际斯拉夫主义者委员会认可的“社会语言学方面的斯拉夫语言”系列社会语言学委员会第六次国际科学会议。这次会议是由VU语言学院波兰研究中心组织的。71份报告讨论了社会语言学、民族语言学、认知语言学中最紧迫的问题,广泛而多样地反映了会议的广泛问题。有关会议的信息,与会者的演讲论文可在网站http://www.sociolingvistika2022.flf.vu.lt/上获得
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引用次数: 0
Determinants of Regionalism in the Collection of Stories by Helena Romer-Ochenkowska Tutejsi (1931) 海伦娜·罗默-奥钦科夫斯卡·图特杰西《故事集》中地区主义的决定因素
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.15388/slavviln.2022.67(2).98
Irena Fedorovič, Miroslav Davlevič
The object of research is a collection of short stories by Helena Romer-Ochenkowska (1875–1947) titled Tutejsi (Warsaw 1931). It is the third series of short stories by a famous Vilnius writer, poet and journalist, which is devoted to regional issues. The protagonists of the stories are native inhabitants of the Lithuanian-Belarusian border, people of different nationalities (Poles, Belarusians, Lithuanians, Jews) and of various origins (wealthy and poor nobility, peasants, officials). The stories takes place during the years of World War I and in the interwar period, when some of the Lithuanian-Belarusian territories became part of the Second Polish Republic. The indigenous people of the borderland were shown in opposition to “strangers” – German soldiers and former Russian officials and clergy. The most important determinant of regionalism, as exemplified by the collection of Tutejsi stories, is linguistic distinctiveness, visible in the author’s narrative and in the characters’ individualized language. There are regionalisms and dialectisms in the language of the heroes typical of the North-Borderlands Polish language. Based on the methodology of cognitive linguistics, the authors of the article also distinguished several other concepts that characterize regionalism, which are: local territory / patriotism; landscape; customs / traditions; games / songs; costumes. The results of the research confirm the correctness of the scholars’ opinion that people of the borderland tend to position themselves as locals and maintain a sense of their own separateness.
本文的研究对象是海伦娜·罗默-奥钦科夫斯卡(1875-1947)的短篇小说集《Tutejsi》(华沙,1931)。这是维尔纽斯著名作家、诗人和记者的第三部短篇小说系列,主要关注地区问题。故事的主角是立陶宛-白俄罗斯边境的土著居民,不同民族的人(波兰人、白俄罗斯人、立陶宛人、犹太人)和不同的出身(富有的和贫穷的贵族、农民、官员)。故事发生在第一次世界大战期间和两次世界大战之间,当时立陶宛-白俄罗斯的一些领土成为波兰第二共和国的一部分。边境地区的土著居民反对“陌生人”——德国士兵、前俄罗斯官员和神职人员。地域主义最重要的决定因素,如图特西人故事集所体现的,是语言的独特性,这在作者的叙述和人物的个性化语言中可见。波兰北部边疆英雄的语言中存在着典型的地域主义和辩证法。基于认知语言学的方法论,作者还区分了具有地域主义特征的其他几个概念:地方领土/爱国主义;景观;习俗/传统;游戏/歌曲;服装。研究结果证实了学者的观点,即边疆人倾向于将自己定位为当地人,并保持着一种自身的分离感。
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引用次数: 0
Polish Archaisms against their Equivalents in Bulgarian 波兰古代建筑与保加利亚语中的等价物
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.15388/slavviln.2022.67(2).94
P. Sotirov
The subject are Polish archaic words whose equivalents are in active use in modern Bulgarian. The aim is to reveal the composition of this group of archaisms and to show the main reasons that led to the Polish-Bulgarian asymmetry in terms of archaism. The conducted research shows that about 140 lexemes that have been archaized in Polish are present in Bulgarian. Among them, lexical and semantic archaisms prevail, while archaic words are in a smaller number. The thematically studied archaisms belong mainly to categories related to human, for example, to physical and mental characteristics, to everyday life or to interpersonal relations. By origin, archaisms are both native and borrowed words. From a formal point of view, Polish archaic words and their modern Bulgarian counterparts are identical, with minimal or more divergence. From the point of view of semantics, most Polish-Bulgarian lexical pairs have the same meaning, there are also pairs with a greater or lesser meaning divergence consisting in broadening or narrowing the semantics of the Bulgarian word compared to the Polish one. The reasons that contributed to the occurrence of the Polish-Bulgarian asymmetry in the field of the archaization of lexis are not strictly linguistic in nature, but represent the social, historical and political aspect of the language. They reflect the way in which scientific terminology was developed, social attitudes towards influences from foreign languages, the specificity of social relations and the process of shaping the standard language in both countries.
主题是波兰古语单词,其等价词在现代保加利亚语中广泛使用。目的是揭示这一组古希腊语的组成,并揭示导致波兰-保加利亚古希腊语不对称的主要原因。所进行的研究表明,大约140个在波兰语中被古化的单词在保加利亚语中存在。其中,词汇和语义上的古语词占主导地位,而古语词的数量较少。主题研究的古语主要属于与人类有关的类别,例如与身体和心理特征、日常生活或人际关系有关。从起源上讲,古语既是本地词,也是外来词。从形式的角度来看,波兰语的古代单词和现代保加利亚语的对应单词是相同的,只有极小或更多的差异。从语义的角度来看,大多数波兰语-保加利亚语词汇对具有相同的含义,也有一些词汇对具有或多或少的意义差异,即与波兰语相比,保加利亚语单词的语义扩大或缩小。波保加利亚语在词汇古化领域出现不对称的原因并不是严格意义上的语言学,而是代表了语言的社会、历史和政治方面。它们反映了科学术语的发展方式、社会对外语影响的态度、社会关系的特殊性以及两国标准语言的形成过程。
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引用次数: 0
Hapax legomena in the Book of Job and their Reception in East Slavic Bibles of the 15th–16th Centuries 《乔布斯书》中的Hapax-legomena及其在15-16世纪东斯拉夫圣经中的接受
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.15388/slavviln.2022.67(2).93
A. Kozhinova, Alena Sourkova
The article deals with the lexical correspondences to the Hebrew hapax legomena in the Book of Job, presented in the translation of Job into Ruthenian (prosta(ja) mova) as a part of the Vilnius Old Testament Florilegium (F 19–262) (approx. 1517–1533) and in the Bible by Francis Skoryna (1517–1519). Both versions are compared with the handwritten Church Slavonic Gennadius Bible (1499) and the printed Ostrog Bible (1581). Two Polish bibles — Radziviłł (Brest) Bible (1563) and the Nesvizh Bible (1568–1572) by Symon Budny — are considered as well. Special attention was given to the cases when translations of biblical hapaxes were the result of prescriptive (conditioned by the canonical context and traditional exegesis) activity of translators. In such cases, the knowledge of implicit information that should be verified in the translation was of particular importance. On the other hand, we analyze the translations of unfamiliar words resulting from conjectural variation, when hapaxes were interpreted on the basis of grammatical and syntactic norms and according to the meaning of the context. Not devoid of subjectivity, such variants were often transferred into subsequent translations, turning into dogmatized formulations. During historical development of the original language, the conjectural translation of individual words and entire text fragments partly compensate the translator's lack of the necessary linguistic and extralinguistic information. Thus, while working on the translation of the Book of Job at the end of the 15th–16th centuries, the translators of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania had to solve a number of problems — from searching for their own translations’ versions when interpreting "dark" passages to the need to meet those normative guidelines that were dictated by biblical translations, exegetical writings, and other authoritative texts.
这篇文章讨论了《作业书》中希伯来语hapax legomena的词汇对应关系,《作业》翻译成鲁塞尼亚语(prosta(ja)mova)是《维尔纽斯旧约》Florilegium(F 19-262)(约1517-1533)的一部分,弗朗西斯·斯科里纳(1517-1519)在《圣经》中也提到了这一点。这两个版本都与手写的教会斯拉夫语Gennadius圣经(1499年)和印刷的Ostrog圣经(1581年)进行了比较。两本波兰圣经——《拉德齐维乌(布列斯特)圣经》(1563年)和西蒙·布德尼的《奈斯维日圣经》(1588-1572年)——也被认为是如此。特别注意的是,圣经hapaxes的翻译是译者规定(受规范语境和传统注释的制约)活动的结果。在这种情况下,应该在翻译中核实的隐含信息的知识尤其重要。另一方面,我们分析了在语法和句法规范的基础上,根据上下文的含义解释hapaxes时,由于推测变化而导致的陌生词的翻译。这种变体并非缺乏主观性,经常被转移到后来的翻译中,变成教条主义的表述。在原始语言的历史发展过程中,对单个单词和整个文本片段的推测性翻译在一定程度上弥补了译者缺乏必要的语言和语言外信息的不足。因此,在15-16世纪末翻译《作业书》时,立陶宛大公国的译者必须解决许多问题——从在翻译“黑暗”段落时寻找自己的译本,到需要满足圣经翻译、训诫著作、,以及其他权威文本。
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引用次数: 0
From the History of Studies on Old Believers in Northwestern Belarus: Literature Review (Second Half of the 18th Century–1980) 从白俄罗斯西北部旧信徒研究史看:文献综述(18世纪下半叶-1980)
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.15388/slavviln.2022.67(2).101
U. Auseichyk
The article examines the historiography and the current state of research on the Old Believers in Northwestern Belarus. Four basic stages are distinguished in the history of studies on Old Believers in the region: second half of the 18th century – beginning of the 20th century; the interwar period (1920–1930 years); the Soviet period (1950–1980 years); the modern period (1990–2000 years). The characteristic of these stages is given, the methodology of conducted research is analyzed, the value of published works in this direction is revealed. The article analyzes research conducted from the second half of the 18th century to the last two decades of the 20th century. The main attention is given to the analysis of the works published during the second half of the of 19th century and the early 20th century.
本文考察了白俄罗斯西北部旧信徒的史学和研究现状。该地区旧信徒研究史上有四个基本阶段:18世纪下半叶至20世纪初;两次世界大战期间(1920年-1930年);苏联时期(1950年-1980年);现代时期(1990-2000年)。给出了这些阶段的特点,分析了研究的方法,揭示了已发表作品在这方面的价值。本文分析了从18世纪下半叶到20世纪最后二十年的研究。重点分析了19世纪下半叶和20世纪初出版的作品。
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引用次数: 0
Chapters of the Izbornik of Bulgarian Tsar Simeon in the Saratov Edition of the Zlatostruy 萨拉托夫版兹拉托斯特鲁伊中保加利亚沙皇西蒙的伊兹博尼克章节
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.15388/slavviln.2022.67(2).92
Marina Čistiakova
The present article covers the results of a study on the source texts of the Saratov edition of the Zlatostruy (Crysorrhoas) сollection, known in a single copy that dates back to the end of the 15th century (Sar. 45). The manuscript contains 127 chapters, with the first 78 of them deriving from readings of the Zlatostruy. The remaining chapters of the Saratov edition of the Zlatostruy were compiled from fragments of other collections of teachings. One of them was the Izbornik (Florilegium), compiled for Tsar Simeon during the First Bulgarian Empire. The Izbornik is one of the most important sources on the history of translated Slavonic literature. Excerpts from Simeon’s Izbornik are included in 8 chapters of the Saratov edition of the Zlatostruy (ch. 92, 99, 112, and 114‒118). Comparative analysis has demonstrated that a copy of the comprehensive edition of the source was used by the scribes. Three chapters of the Sar. 45 fully derive from Simeon’s Izbornik (ch. 115, 117, 118). In five cases, borrowings from this source are combined with passages from other collections of teachings (ch. 92, 99, 112, 114, and 116). In the process of borrowing, the scribes would copy chapters of the Izbornik in their order of precedence, combine passages from different fragments of the source text, or extract some passages from the source text. Borrowings from the Florilegium of Bulgarian Tsar Simeon in the Sar. 45 underwent editorial changes: the source text was shortened and some words were substituted by others.
本文涵盖了对Zlatostruy (Crysorrhoas)汇编的萨拉托夫版原始文本的研究结果,已知的单一副本可追溯到15世纪末(Sar. 45)。手稿包含127章,其中前78章来自对《兹拉托斯图鲁》的解读。萨拉托夫版《兹拉托斯特鲁》的其余章节是根据其他教义集的片段汇编而成的。其中之一是《Izbornik》(Florilegium),在保加利亚第一帝国时期为沙皇西蒙(Simeon)编写。《伊兹博尼克》是斯拉夫语翻译文学史上最重要的文献之一。西蒙的《伊兹博尼克》的节选收录在萨拉托夫版《兹拉托斯特鲁伊》的8章中(第92、99、112和114-118章)。比较分析表明,抄写员使用的是来源的综合版本的副本。第45章的三章完全出自西蒙的《伊兹波尼克》(第115、117、118章)。在五种情况下,从这个来源借来的经文与其他教义集的经文结合在一起(第92、99、112、114和116章)。在借用的过程中,抄写员会按照优先顺序复制《伊兹博尼克》的章节,将源文本的不同片段结合起来,或者从源文本中提取一些段落。从45年保加利亚沙皇西蒙的花谱中借来的内容进行了编辑修改:源文本被缩短,一些单词被其他单词取代。
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引用次数: 0
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Slavistica Vilnensis
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