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Naukovii Visnik Pivdennoukrayins''kogo Natsional''nogo Pedagogichnogo Universitetu imeni K D Ushins''kogo最新文献

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Methodological approaches to the formation of the pre-service Music teachers' systematic idea of the national musical culture 职前音乐教师系统民族音乐文化观念形成的方法论探讨
Ma Shi
The work is devoted to the formation of a systematic idea of the national musical culture (NMC) in the music teachers training process. The expediency and validity of four pedagogical approaches have been determined. It concerns systemic, culture-based, activity-centred and hermeneutic approaches. Based on the conceptual provisions of researchers' works, as well as the method of systemic genre modelling of musical culture, the idea of the structure of the NMC as a systemic and holistic phenomenon is accepted as a guideline. The basis of the NMC is the tradition of folk art, folklore of large and small peoples belonging to a single nation. Folklore is a complex phenomenon that should be presented and studied as a system of song, dance, and instrumental genres (mythological, ritual and magic, calendar and ritual, epic, game, etc.) The author describes that the genre model of the NMC used in the study allows to cover all the main characteristics and elements of the cultural practice of music, such as: the activities of performing musicians; functioning of theatres, concert organisations, creative unions; work of educational institutions; production and use of musical instruments, sheet music and books; media activity, etc. Therefore, the NMC can be considered not only in terms of its genre content. However, with any approach, from any point of view, the theoretical reflection of musical culture will be a multi-element, multi-faceted and multi-level unity. They are implemented through the application of a complex of pedagogical principles, methods and forms of education, such as: the principle of coordination and subordination of artistic cultures and their components; the principle of the "spiral trajectory" of the educational course thematic composition; the principle of the genre and style model of the NMC; the method of immersion in culture; the method of multi-artistic representation of educational material; the principle of establishing the level of cultures affinity, which regulates the involvement of comparative analysis methods; the principle of creative assimilation of the music-language system of the NMC; the didactic game method; the "hermeneutic circle" principle; the method of creating mnemonic symbols, etc.
本工作致力于在音乐教师培养过程中形成系统的民族音乐文化观。确定了四种教学方法的适宜性和有效性。它涉及系统的、基于文化的、以活动为中心的和解释学的方法。基于研究人员作品的概念规定,以及音乐文化的系统流派建模方法,NMC的结构作为一种系统和整体现象的观点被接受为指导。NMC的基础是民间艺术的传统,属于一个国家的大小民族的民间传说。民俗是一种复杂的现象,应该作为一个歌曲、舞蹈和乐器流派(神话、仪式和魔法、日历和仪式、史诗、游戏等)的系统来呈现和研究。作者描述,研究中使用的NMC流派模型可以涵盖音乐文化实践的所有主要特征和元素,例如:表演音乐家的活动;剧院、音乐会组织、创意工会的运作;教育机构的工作;制作和使用乐器、乐谱和书籍;媒体活动等。因此,NMC不仅可以根据其类型内容来考虑。然而,无论用什么方法,从任何角度来看,音乐文化的理论反映都将是多要素、多方面、多层次的统一。它们是通过应用复杂的教学原则、方法和教育形式来实施的,例如:艺术文化及其组成部分的协调和从属原则;教育课程主题构成的螺旋轨迹原则;NMC的流派原则和风格模式;沉浸在文化中的方法;教材的多元艺术表现方法;建立文化亲和力水平的原则,规范比较分析方法的介入;NMC音乐语言系统的创造性同化原则;说教游戏法;解释学循环原则;创建助记符的方法等。
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引用次数: 0
Pedagogical conditions for influence on artistic and aesthetic experience of pre-service music teachers of Ukraine and China in the process of vocal training 教学条件对乌克兰和中国职前音乐教师在声乐训练过程中艺术审美体验的影响
Xu Xingzhou
The article is devoted to the problem of developing pedagogical conditions for the development of artistic and aesthetic experience of pre-service music teachers of Ukraine and China in the process of vocal training. It has been found that the development of the information society and globalization have expanded the possibilities of higher art and pedagogical educational institutions of both countries regarding the professional training of pre-service teachers of Musical Arts belonging to the new generation, in particular in the direction of creating innovative pedagogical conditions for them to acquire artistic and aesthetic experience. The concepts “pedagogical conditions” and “artistic and aesthetic dominant in works of musical art” in the context of the existing socio-cultural environment have been specified. It has been proved that the priority pedagogical conditions for achieving this goal are: stimulating an interested attitude to the artistic and aesthetic segment of vocal training (in particular, self-evaluation, self-improvement, etc.); encouragement to reflect on the emotional and semantic content of the work; ensuring the interrelation between the artistic and aesthetic context of the interpretation of a vocal work and methodological support for teaching it (probably). An end-to-end pedagogic condition has been defined: emphasis on the artistic and aesthetic dominant of the vocal work which is mastered (perceived, evaluated, studied, etc.) by university students. The pedagogical principles which are considered as a methodological basis for the implementation of the elaborated pedagogical conditions have been presented. It has been concluded that for the sake of full-fledged, high-quality training aimed at pre-service Music teachers of Ukraine and China in accordance with their activities in modern general secondary education institutions, artistic and aesthetic experience is an important segment of their training. At the same time, in accordance with artistic and creative activities, in particular performance and interpretation, a professional type of training is reflected on their dominants. The study takes into account vocal training, which has certain artistic and aesthetic contexts. Their consideration involves the development of a set of special pedagogical conditions that influence the artistic and aesthetic experience of pre-service Music teachers.
本文致力于为乌克兰和中国的职前音乐教师在声乐训练过程中发展艺术和审美体验创造教学条件的问题。研究发现,信息社会的发展和全球化扩大了两国高等艺术和师范教育机构对新一代音乐艺术职前教师的专业培训的可能性,特别是在为他们获得艺术和美学体验创造创新的教学条件的方向上。在现有的社会文化环境中,“教学条件”和“音乐艺术作品中占主导地位的艺术和美学”这两个概念已经得到了具体说明。事实证明,实现这一目标的首要教学条件是:激发对声乐训练的艺术和美学部分的兴趣态度(特别是自我评价、自我完善等);鼓励反思作品的情感和语义内容;确保声乐作品的艺术和美学背景与教学方法论支持之间的相互关系(可能)。定义了一个端到端的教学条件:强调大学生掌握(感知、评估、研究等)的声乐作品的艺术和美学主导地位。提出了被视为实施详细教学条件的方法论基础的教学原则。结论是,为了根据乌克兰和中国的职前音乐教师在现代普通中等教育机构的活动,对他们进行全面、高质量的培训,艺术和审美体验是他们培训的重要组成部分。同时,根据艺术和创作活动,特别是表演和口译,一种专业类型的培训体现在他们的主导者身上。本研究考虑了声乐训练,声乐训练具有一定的艺术和美学背景。他们的考虑涉及到一系列特殊的教学条件的发展,这些条件会影响职前音乐教师的艺术和审美体验。
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引用次数: 0
Modern tendencies in the development of military education in Ukraine 乌克兰军事教育发展的现代趋势
Nowadays, In Ukraine one can observe the main tendencies inherent in the leading NATO member states in the field of reforming the military education system. In the domestic educational space, these tendencies are caused by the problematic content that was formed in the process of reforming the state and military education system, which requires finding ways to solve the current issues and tasks, both in theory and in practice. The purpose of the article is to determine the main tendencies in the development of military education in Ukraine which are developed in the field of theory and practice of modern pedagogical science with relevant problematic content. A system of general scientific and special methods of theoretical and empirical research (analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization and systematization) was used in order to analyse development tendencies of the scientific discourse related to the military education in Ukraine. It was determined that standardization is one of the main development directions of the military education system in Ukraine. The principle of professionalization of military education, which is implemented on the basis of the development of the system of profession-oriented training aimed at military specialists, is actively developing. It remains an integral component of the military education system as a whole, taking into account new requirements to the quality of profession-oriented training aimed at military specialists in accordance with the standards of NATO member countries. The use of the competence-based approach remains relevant. At the same time, the competence-based approach requires a significant expansion within the field of theoretical reflection which is ensured by the orientation to the conceptualization of the development processes of the military education system, in particular within the framework of the concept-centric approach. It was determined that the development of innovative approaches is another tendency. As a result of the analysis, it was established that the use of institutional, concept-centric and innovative approaches that actively use the acquisitions made within the competence paradigm are the main tendencies in the development of military education in Ukraine; they can be considered to be the solution for theoretical and practical issues based on the principles of professionalization.
如今,在乌克兰,人们可以观察到北约主要成员国在军事教育制度改革领域所固有的主要倾向。在国内教育领域,这些倾向是由于国家和军队教育体制改革过程中形成的问题内容造成的,这需要从理论上和实践上寻找解决当前问题和任务的方法。本文的目的是确定乌克兰军事教育发展的主要趋势,这些趋势是在现代教育学理论和实践领域发展起来的,并具有相关的问题内容。为了分析与乌克兰军事教育有关的科学话语的发展趋势,采用了理论和实证研究(分析、综合、比较、概括和系统化)的一般科学和特殊方法系统。确定了规范化是乌克兰军事教育体系的主要发展方向之一。军事教育专业化原则是在发展军事专业人才专业化培养体系的基础上实施的,正在积极发展。它仍然是整个军事教育系统的一个组成部分,同时考虑到按照北约成员国的标准对面向军事专家的专业培训的质量提出的新要求。使用基于能力的方法仍然是相关的。与此同时,以能力为基础的方法需要在理论反思领域内进行重大扩展,这是由军事教育系统发展过程的概念化取向,特别是在以概念为中心的方法框架内保证的。人们确定,发展创新方法是另一种趋势。分析结果表明,采用体制、以概念为中心和创新的方法,积极利用在能力范式内取得的成果,是乌克兰军事教育发展的主要趋势;它们可以被认为是基于专业化原则的理论和实践问题的解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
Talent development of Selma Lagerlöf, an outstanding Swedish writer 瑞典杰出作家塞尔玛·拉格洛夫的人才培养
L. Ruban
The article carries out a biographical study of the childhood and youth of Selma Lagerlöf, with the purpose of determining the conditions that influenced the development of her genius abilities to create fairy tales. Research methods: study, analysis and generalization of special scientific literature in order to identify the state of the researched problem. The biographical study of S. Lagerlöf’s childhood and youth combines environmental and personal approaches. Thus, S. Lagerlöf’s grandmother narratives about hereditary estate were the main factors that influenced the development of imagination and excellent literary abilities of S. Lagerlöf. The girl was very pleased to listen to grandmother’s stories, which were full of legends and secrets. When at the age of three, S. Lagerlöf suffered from paralysis, those stories were exactly the only consolation for her because in these narratives the girl drew strength and inspiration. It is likely that thanks to these legends and stories about the family nest and Sweden as a whole, S. Lagerlöf began to fantasize and create her own stories, which were permeated with love to her native land. It is possible that the grandmother and her stories instilled in the girl faith in miracles, goodness, and fairy tales. After all, regardless of the serious illness, S. Lagerlöf did not lose hope for the best, wisdom, optimism and continued to write her brilliant works, imbued with devotion to her native home. The writer depicted the beauty of the home more than once in her works. S. Lagerlöf created in her works a world full of romance, fabulous adventures, and idleness. The article highlights the features inherent in S. Lagerlöf’s fairy tales. First, the events in the writer’s works happen in places dear to her heart – the city, the country. Secondly, S. Lagerlöf resorted to romantic literary techniques. Thirdly, the writer used a well-known literary device in her fairy tales – personification, that is, animals, birds, insects acquire human features, they behave like people. It was concluded that S. Lagerlöf was a romantic, dreamy person who loved her homeland immensely. The problem outlined in the article is relevant and needs further processing in order for it to be thoroughly completed.
本文对塞尔玛·拉格洛夫的童年和青年时期进行了传记研究,旨在确定影响她创作童话的天才能力发展的条件。研究方法:对专门的科学文献进行研究、分析和概括,以确定研究问题的状态。对S.Lagerlöf童年和青年的传记研究结合了环境和个人的方法。因此,拉格洛夫祖母关于世袭财产的叙述是影响拉格洛夫想象力和卓越文学能力发展的主要因素。女孩很高兴听奶奶讲故事,这些故事充满了传说和秘密。当S.Lagerlöf三岁时患上瘫痪时,这些故事正是她唯一的安慰,因为在这些故事中,女孩汲取了力量和灵感。很可能是由于这些关于家族巢穴和整个瑞典的传说和故事,S.Lagerlöf开始幻想和创作自己的故事,这些故事中弥漫着对祖国的爱。祖母和她的故事可能给女孩灌输了对奇迹、善良和童话的信仰。毕竟,尽管病得很重,S.Lagerlöf并没有失去对最好的希望、智慧和乐观,她继续创作自己的精彩作品,充满了对家乡的热爱。这位作家在她的作品中不止一次描绘了这个家的美丽。S.Lagerlöf在她的作品中创造了一个充满浪漫、奇妙冒险和无所事事的世界。这篇文章强调了S.Lagerlöf童话的内在特征。首先,作家作品中的事件发生在她内心深处——城市、乡村。其次,拉格洛夫采用了浪漫主义的文学手法。第三,作者在她的童话故事中使用了一种著名的文学手法——拟人化,即动物、鸟类、昆虫获得了人类的特征,它们的行为就像人一样。得出的结论是,S.Lagerlöf是一个浪漫、梦幻的人,她非常热爱自己的祖国。文章中概述的问题是相关的,需要进一步处理才能彻底解决。
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引用次数: 0
Activation of students’ motivation to learn a foreign language 激活学生学习外语的动机
T. Yasynska, Viktoriia Grytsenko
This study deals with the problems related to students’ motivation for learning foreign languages. The purpose of the article is to identify the main enrollees’ goals that encourage them to entry universities for studying foreign languages, to define the concept "motivation" and determine internal and external motives for learning a foreign language in order to organize educational and methodological work. Efficiency of training depends on the motivation and internal attitudes of the one who is trained, so the motivational sphere has great importance in the organization of effective training. The relevance of the study is caused by the need to identify value directions and motivation for studying of foreign language in the context of training effective competent professionals – philologists of foreign languages and translators. The methodological bases for writing the article were the works of many scientists in the field of psychology and pedagogy, in general (I. Bondar, O. Kolot, S. Shapiro, V. Shinkarenko, V. Aseev, L. Bozhovich, D. Bruner, V. Vilyunas, M. Matyukhina, E. Thorndike, G. Shchukina et al.), as well as directly in the study of foreign languages (N. Aristova, E. Luzik, Yu. Passova, O. Pylypiv, I. Prokopenko et al.). The main method of empirical research is a survey of the first-year-students according to the method of S. Paulina and S. Ketko. The main external and internal motives for entering a philological faculty alongside the essence and content of motivation to learn a foreign language in the psychological and pedagogical context were revealed as a result. Some effective teaching/learning methods were singled out: team work, educational discussions, use of the Internet resources, etc. Their implementation into the educational process ensures the activation of motivation and students’ stable positive attitude to learning a foreign language. The paper suggests theoretical and practical perspectives and directions for future research.
本研究探讨与学生外语学习动机有关的问题。本文的目的是确定鼓励学生进入大学学习外语的主要目标,定义“动机”的概念,确定学习外语的内部和外部动机,以便组织教育和方法工作。培训的效率取决于被培训者的动机和内在态度,因此动机领域在组织有效的培训中具有重要意义。研究的相关性是由于需要在培养有效的外语语言学家和翻译人员的背景下确定外语学习的价值方向和动机。撰写这篇文章的方法论基础是心理学和教育学领域许多科学家的作品,一般来说(I. Bondar, O. Kolot, S. Shapiro, V. Shinkarenko, V. Aseev, L. bozhhovich, D. Bruner, V. Vilyunas, M. Matyukhina, E. Thorndike, G. Shchukina等人),以及直接在外语研究(N. Aristova, E. Luzik, Yu。Passova, O. Pylypiv, I. Prokopenko等人)。实证研究的主要方法是根据S. Paulina和S. Ketko的方法对一年级学生进行调查。结果揭示了进入语言学院的主要外部动机和内部动机,以及在心理和教学背景下学习外语动机的本质和内容。一些有效的教学方法被挑选出来:团队合作、教育讨论、利用互联网资源等。在教学过程中贯彻这些原则,确保了外语学习动机的激活和学生学习外语的稳定的积极态度。本文提出了未来研究的理论和实践方向。
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引用次数: 0
Methodological foundations for the formation of methodological competence of pre-service Piano teachers in the process of ensemble music-making 职前钢琴教师在合奏过程中方法论能力形成的方法论基础
The article highlights the problem related to the training of pre-service Piano teachers in teaching ensemble music to students of art schools and other applicants for art education. The focus is on the popularity of ensemble music-making with children and youth, which requires special methodological training intended for teachers to ensure a high-quality artistic and educational process. It is shown that this type of music-making has certain types and genres, which implies taking into account their features and developing special methods for teaching ensemble playing. The importance of methodical competence as a professional quality that ensures the competitiveness of pre-service Piano teachers in the labour market has been determined. Some aspects of ensemble music-making existing in the scientific discourse have been presented in a pedagogical projection. It is presented that there is a certain contradiction between the importance of mastering methodological competence by pre-service Piano teachers in teaching ensemble and the absence of appropriate constructs of methodological content in the educational program as well as conditions for the introduction of a separate methodology into the educational process. The development of a methodology for the formation of appropriate methodological competence involves a selection of methodological foundations. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the methodological basis for the formation of pre-service Piano teachers’ methodological competence in the process of ensemble music-making. In order to achieve the goal, the content of the article substantiates the expediency of using certain scientific approaches, in accordance with which pedagogical principles of methodical direction have been proposed. The expediency of using the following scientific approaches as the methodological basis for the methods of forming the methodological competence of pre-service Piano teachers in teaching ensemble playing have been substantiated: motivational-acmeological; systemic-cognitive; interpersonal, artistic and communicative; hermeneutic-synergistic. Each of the nominated approaches combines two mutually consistent scientific approaches, which corresponds to the phenomenon of the professional quality under research. The corresponding pedagogical principles have been presented.
本文着重介绍了在艺术学校和其他艺术教育申请人的合奏音乐教学中,职前钢琴教师的培训问题。重点是合奏音乐在儿童和青年中的流行,这需要对教师进行专门的方法培训,以确保高质量的艺术和教育过程。研究表明,这种音乐创作具有一定的类型和流派,这意味着要考虑到它们的特点,开发出专门的合奏教学方法。有条不紊的能力作为确保职前钢琴教师在劳动力市场上竞争力的专业素质的重要性已经确定。科学话语中存在的合奏音乐制作的一些方面已经在教学投影中提出。研究表明,职前钢琴教师在合奏教学中掌握方法论能力的重要性与教育计划中缺乏适当的方法论内容结构以及在教育过程中引入单独方法论的条件之间存在一定的矛盾。为形成适当的方法能力而制定的方法涉及选择方法学基础。本文旨在为职前钢琴教师在合奏音乐创作过程中形成方法论能力提供方法论依据。为了实现这一目标,文章的内容证实了使用某些科学方法的便利性,并根据这些方法提出了有条不紊的指导教学原则。实践证明,用以下科学方法作为培养职前钢琴教师合奏教学方法论能力的方法论基础是可行的:动机极致论;系统认知;人际交往性、艺术性和交际性;解释学的协同作用。每一种提名方法都结合了两种相互一致的科学方法,这与所研究的专业素质现象相对应。提出了相应的教学原则。
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引用次数: 0
Issues related to business-academic communication and language strategy in the Azerbaijani language 与阿塞拜疆语的商业-学术交流和语言策略有关的问题
Modern globalization, the development of the mother tongue in the world, the improvement of its norms of speech culture does not only serve the purpose of raising the level of this language use. The increasing expansion of the international integration environment, the borderless dissemination of information, the expansion of inter-country public, social, cultural, and economic relations make the strategic opportunities of the language take a new dimension. Speech culture, being the most important and leading part of the general culture of people, is one of the components. In addition to the culture of speech, writing is included in this concept alongside culture. A person who acquires such a high quality is a social member of the society. Speech culture is a practical field of linguistics, language as a means of communication learns how to use it. Therefore, speech culture is not considered a theoretical, but a practical field of linguistics. That is, speech culture, first of all, as a means of communication through language of philology, the rules of use, the field studied on the basis of science is required. At the same time, ıt is used to express the quality of this or that speech manifestation depending on a concept. This is the speech of every representative of the people, it is a different use of the means of communication, it is the speech of different people.
现代全球化,母语在世界范围内的发展,其言语文化规范的完善,不仅有助于提高母语的使用水平。国际一体化环境的日益扩大,信息的无国界传播,国家间公共、社会、文化和经济关系的扩大,使语言的战略机遇呈现出新的维度。言语文化是人的一般文化的重要组成部分,是人的普遍文化的主导部分。除了语言文化之外,写作与文化一起也包含在这个概念中。一个拥有如此高素质的人就是这个社会的社会成员。言语文化是语言学的一个实践领域,语言作为一种交流手段学习如何使用它。因此,言语文化不是一个理论领域,而是一个语言学的实践领域。也就是说,言语文化,首先,作为一种交际手段的语言文字学,其使用规则,研究领域的科学基础是必需的。同时,ıt用于根据一个概念来表达这个或那个语音表现的质量。这是每一位代表人民的演讲,这是一种不同的交流手段的使用,这是不同人民的演讲。
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引用次数: 0
Priority approaches to universal design in the modern education system 现代教育系统通用性设计的优先途径
N. Byrko
The presented article defines and summarises the universal approaches to teaching in education as a system of purposeful principles and methods aimed at taking into account the needs of recipients of educational services and satisfying them in the educational process. The priority approaches of universal design in teaching in the modern education system have been analysed, which include the approach in teaching based on the pedagogy of partnership, the approach in teaching based on the pedagogy of tolerance, the approach in teaching based on non-violent communication. Each of the identified approaches is universal. The purpose of the article is to highlight the outlined problem, to define and generalize universal approaches to teaching in educational activities, to use priority approaches of universal design to create an effective inclusive educational environment in modern educational institutions. The relevance of each of the identified approaches is high today. The approach to teaching based on partnership pedagogy, which implements one of the components of the NUS formula, requires new methodological developments, studies on the successful interaction of participants in the educational process. In this context, we offer a 3-D formula for partnership interaction, which involves the systematic application and implementation of its components in action: dialogue-trust-agreements. The teaching approach based on the pedagogy of tolerance consists in observing and using the principles of humanism, mutual trust, mutual understanding, reliance on the positive moments, which will always be a priority in the interaction of all subjects of the educational process. Another approach of universality in teaching was identified by us as an approach based on non-violent communication (NVC), which involves the creation of an effective inclusive educational environment, which is urgently needed today, during the war in the country. The approach of non-violent communication is aimed at building relationships between people, based on honesty, empathy, kindness, openness and tolerance; it allows you to make positive decisions even in difficult conflict situations, taking into account the feelings and needs of each person.
本文将教育教学的普遍方法定义和总结为一个有目的的原则和方法体系,旨在考虑教育服务接受者的需求,并在教育过程中满足他们的需求。分析了现代教育体系中普遍设计教学的优先方法,包括基于伙伴关系教学法的教学方法、基于宽容教学法的教育方法和基于非暴力交流的教学方法。所确定的每一种方法都具有普遍性。本文的目的是强调概述的问题,定义和概括教育活动中的普遍教学方法,使用普遍设计的优先方法在现代教育机构中创造一个有效的包容性教育环境。如今,每一种已确定的方法的相关性都很高。基于伙伴关系教学法的教学方法实施了新加坡国立大学公式的一个组成部分,需要新的方法发展,研究教育过程中参与者的成功互动。在这方面,我们为伙伴关系互动提供了一个三维公式,其中包括在行动中系统地应用和执行其组成部分:对话信任协议。基于宽容教育法的教学方法包括遵守和使用人道主义、相互信任、相互理解、依赖积极时刻的原则,这将始终是教育过程中所有科目互动的优先事项。我们确定了另一种教学普遍性的方法,即基于非暴力交流的方法,这涉及到创造一个有效的包容性教育环境,这是当今该国战争期间迫切需要的。非暴力沟通的方法旨在建立人与人之间的关系,建立在诚实、同理心、善良、开放和宽容的基础上;即使在困难的冲突情况下,它也能让你做出积极的决定,考虑到每个人的感受和需求。
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引用次数: 1
Using mini-projects in work with philology students 在与语言学学生的工作中使用小项目
A. Budnik, I. Khyzhniak
The article is devoted to the theoretical substantiation and practical use of the project method in working with future philologists. Under the influence of the comprehensive technologization of education, project technologies have evolved from the project method and function in modern pedagogical research under the term “project method”. It is proved that the project method is becoming increasingly popular in the world, there are many experimental schools where the main method of teaching is the project method and its varieties. Teachers all over the world note the enormous possibilities of the project method, in particular its impact on the development of activity, independence, creativity, collectivism of students. The purpose of the article is to reveal the originality of using the project method, in particular mini-projects, in the process of teaching students of higher education institutions. The main stages of work on the project (organizational and preparatory, planning, technological, final) are revealed. Since the project method directly develops the creative, research and analytical activities of students, the main task is to teach them to think independently, find and solve various issues, applying knowledge from different fields, the ability to predict the results and possible consequences of different solutions, the ability to establish cause and effect relationships. The student's activity should be subordinated to the result that he will get by solving a practical or theoretical problem. The authors analyzed the theoretical and practical experience of both domestic and foreign scientists, identified and described the classification of A. Klymenko and O. Podkolzina who distribute projects according to the dominant method or type of activity. It is substantiated that the use of project tasks changes practically all components of the educational process: the type of interaction between the teacher and the student, the evaluation system, the selection of educational material, etc.
本文致力于项目方法在未来语言学家工作中的理论依据和实际应用。在教育全面技术化的影响下,项目技术从项目方法和现代教学研究中的功能演变而来,被称为“项目方法”。事实证明,项目教学法在世界上越来越流行,有许多实验学校的主要教学方法是项目教学法及其变种。世界各地的教师都注意到项目方法的巨大可能性,特别是它对学生的主动性、独立性、创造力和集体主义发展的影响。本文旨在揭示在高校学生教学过程中运用项目教学法,特别是小项目教学法的创新之处。揭示了项目的主要工作阶段(组织准备、计划、技术、收尾)。由于项目法直接发展学生的创造性、研究性和分析性活动,主要任务是教他们独立思考,发现和解决各种问题,应用不同领域的知识,预测不同解决方案的结果和可能的后果的能力,建立因果关系的能力。学生的活动应该服从于他通过解决实际问题或理论问题而获得的结果。分析了国内外科学家的理论和实践经验,确定并描述了A. Klymenko和O. Podkolzina按主导方法或活动类型分配项目的分类。有证据表明,项目任务的使用几乎改变了教育过程的所有组成部分:教师和学生之间的互动类型,评估系统,教材的选择等。
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引用次数: 1
Motivation-targeted activity of teachers of a marine higher education institution in the paradigm of forming future navigators’ communicative self-efficiency 未来航海家交际自我效能形成范式下海洋高校教师的动机定向活动
N. Dmytryshchuk, A. Linenko
The article raises the problem of actualization of the motivation-targeted activity of lecturers of a maritime higher education institution in the context of the formation of cadets’, future navigators’ communicative self-efficacy. The expediency of updating the motivation-targeted activity in this aspect is substantiated, the definition of its goals is presented. It is proved that an important component of navigators’ professional activity is the system composed of a set of diverse communications. The definition of the phenomenon "self-efficacy" and cadets’, future navigators’ communicative self-efficacy has been given. The close relationship between the level of achievement motivation and success in its life activity is emphasized, as well as its influence on the process of development of communicative self-efficacy. Conceptual directions for determining the essence of achievement motivation (G. Murray, D. McClelland, J. Atkinson, J. Heckhausen, etc.), Ukrainian scientists (S. Zaniuk, S. Makarenko, O. Pavlik, et al.), its role in the formation of the phenomenon under study, communicative self-efficacy of future navigators. The significance of activation of an active reflexive position among cadets has been determined. The structure of the achievement motivation is given. The expediency of using such methodological accompaniments as: keeping reflexive diaries and using a reflexive workshop in the educational process of a maritime institution of higher education is indicated. The importance of conducting "Professional consulting" for actualisation of the self-concept (I-concept), motivation for the successful achievement of the goals of the future professional activity, communicative self-efficacy, how the use of this method and its interactive form contributes to the active development of a positive attitude and interest of cadets in performing tasks related to communication in its various manifestations, in the optimization of the educational process of a maritime institution of higher education.
本文提出了在学员、未来航海家沟通自我效能感形成的背景下,海事高等教育机构讲师动机定向活动的实现问题。论证了在这方面更新动机定向活动的方便性,并给出了其目标的定义。事实证明,导航员职业活动的一个重要组成部分是由一组不同的通信组成的系统。给出了“自我效能”现象与学员、未来领航员的交际自我效能的定义。强调了成就动机水平与其生活活动中的成功之间的密切关系,以及它对交际自我效能感发展过程的影响。确定成就动机本质的概念方向(G.Murray、D.McClelland、J.Atkinson、J.Heckhausen等),乌克兰科学家(S.Zaniuk、S.Makarenko、O.Pavlik等),其在所研究现象形成中的作用,未来航海家的沟通自我效能。学员中激活主动反射性位置的意义已经确定。给出了成就动机的结构。指出了在海事高等教育机构的教育过程中,使用反射日记和反射研讨会等方法论辅助手段的方便性。进行“专业咨询”对实现自我概念(I概念)、成功实现未来职业活动目标的动机、沟通自我效能感,在优化海事高等教育机构的教育过程中,这种方法及其互动形式的使用如何有助于学员积极发展积极的态度和兴趣,以执行各种表现形式的与沟通有关的任务。
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引用次数: 0
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Naukovii Visnik Pivdennoukrayins''kogo Natsional''nogo Pedagogichnogo Universitetu imeni K D Ushins''kogo
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