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Press freedom and censorship during Covid-19 pandemic: the case of Cebu City 2019冠状病毒病大流行期间的新闻自由和审查:以宿务市为例
Pub Date : 2022-07-30 DOI: 10.25139/jsk.v6i2.4860
Kenneth Michael M Baba, Kent Andrei S. Alkuino, Ezra P. Tictic, Ana Leah Dungog-Cuizon
Censorship, in all its forms, has always been a means by which freedom is being checked and regulated. In hindsight, for the state and its people, censorship must always be exercised with caution to avoid suppression of the constitutionally guaranteed freedom of the press. Moreover, freedom of the press is crucial in times of crisis, as in the case of a global pandemic named COVID-19. The Philippines, regarded as the world's texting capital and one of the widest in social media use, feel the convenience of getting the news right at the fingertips, apart from avoiding physical contact in compliance with health protocols. The study zeroes in on Cebu City, regarded as one of the country's largest voting populations and a newsmaker in terms of its policies vis-a-vis the pandemic. It delves into the juxtaposition of press freedom and censorship in Cebu City against the backdrop of the pandemic. This study is anchored on Bunn’s New Censorship Theory, Scammel’s foundations on the Index of Censorship, and the ever-developing Libertarian Theory. Further, it employed the Colaizzi method to explore the experiences of Cebu-based media practitioners and media institutions. In this vein, press freedom and censorship are not mutually exclusive. The presence of one does not preclude the other; they can actually co-exist. The exercise of press freedom very well depends on the personal values of the media practitioners and institutions.
审查制度,无论其形式如何,一直是一种检查和管制自由的手段。事后看来,对于国家和人民来说,审查制度必须始终谨慎执行,以避免压制宪法保障的新闻自由。此外,新闻自由在危机时期至关重要,例如在COVID-19全球大流行的情况下。菲律宾被认为是世界短信之都,也是社交媒体使用最广泛的国家之一。除了按照卫生协议避免身体接触外,菲律宾还感受到了指尖获取新闻的便利。这项研究的重点是宿雾市,该市被认为是菲律宾投票人口最多的城市之一,在应对疫情的政策方面也是一个新闻人物。它深入探讨了在大流行的背景下,宿雾市新闻自由和审查制度的并存。本研究以Bunn的新审查理论、Scammel的审查指数基础和不断发展的自由主义理论为基础。此外,本研究亦采用Colaizzi方法探讨宿雾媒体从业者及媒体机构的经验。在这方面,新闻自由和审查制度并不相互排斥。一个的存在并不排除另一个;它们实际上可以共存。新闻自由的行使在很大程度上取决于媒体从业人员和机构的个人价值观。
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引用次数: 0
News of LGBT on online media in 2020: endless stigma 2020年网络媒体上的LGBT新闻:无尽的耻辱
Pub Date : 2022-07-30 DOI: 10.25139/jsk.v6i2.4886
Dina Listiorini, Irene Santika Vidiadari
Mass media and its content on various platforms play a significant role in shaping knowledge in society, including the knowledge about sexuality. This article discusses news on LGBT on four Indonesian online media—Viva.co.id, Republika.co.id, Tempo.co.id, and Detik.com—by conducting quantitative content analysis. The result shows that the news on LGBT in 2020 centred on three main issues: the ban on gay individuals joining the army/police, the male rape case committed by Reynhard Sinaga, and male same-sex sexual intercourse in Wisma Atlet. The news structure on LGBT does not pay attention to the information depth, as indicated by the lack of paragraph numbers in the news and the lack of 5W+1H construction. In addition, the coverage is often one-sided, making it unbalanced. Eventually, the construct about LGBT becomes biased.
大众媒体及其在各种平台上的内容在塑造社会知识方面发挥着重要作用,包括性知识。本文讨论印尼四家网路媒体viva .co上有关LGBT的新闻。id, Republika.co。id, Tempo.co。id和detik.com——通过进行定量内容分析。结果显示,2020年关于LGBT的新闻主要集中在三个问题上:禁止同性恋者参军/警察、雷纳德·西纳加(Reynhard Sinaga)强奸男性案以及维斯马体育场(Wisma Atlet)的男性同性性行为。关于LGBT的新闻结构不注重信息深度,主要表现在新闻中缺少段落号,缺少5W+1H结构。此外,报道往往是片面的,使其不平衡。最终,关于LGBT的概念变得有偏见。
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引用次数: 0
Newspaper digital transformation in Medan: Analysis of SWOT and existence 棉兰报纸数字化转型:SWOT分析及存在
Pub Date : 2022-07-30 DOI: 10.25139/jsk.v6i2.4896
A. Rasyid
The era of digital technology demands adjustments for print mass media entrepreneurs to maintain the continuity of their production and marketing. On the other hand, many people still depend on their interest to continue reading the printed version of the newspaper, given the limitations of internet access and the affordability of using a smartphone. This study aims to determine the existence of newspapers or printed newspapers in the city of Medan and the factors that influence their development and implications for public literacy through printed newspapers. This research method uses qualitative research using a content analysis approach by observing the production figures of printed newspapers, the amount of advertising revenue, and critical analysis of literacy issues. The results showed that the daily printed newspapers in Medan, which amounted to 30 newspapers, were in critical condition and estimated to be closed in 2040. The advertising supply at the heart of newspapers declined drastically to the lowest level. The political economy theory of media put forward by Garnham clearly shows that the mass media, including the printed mass media of newspapers, is closely related to economic problems. This means that the mass media of letters will not be able to live without the support of economic power, and of course, it has implications for the level and quality of literacy of those who read through printed newspapers.
数字技术时代要求印刷大众媒体企业家进行调整,以保持其生产和营销的连续性。另一方面,考虑到互联网接入的限制和使用智能手机的负担能力,许多人仍然依靠自己的兴趣继续阅读印刷版报纸。这项研究的目的是确定报纸或印刷报纸在棉兰市的存在,以及影响其发展的因素和通过印刷报纸对公众识字的影响。这种研究方法采用定性研究,采用内容分析方法,通过观察印刷报纸的生产数字,广告收入的数量,并对识字问题进行批判性分析。结果显示,棉兰市每日印刷报纸达30份,处于危急状态,预计将在2040年关闭。报纸的核心广告供应急剧下降到最低水平。加纳姆提出的媒介政治经济学理论清楚地表明,大众媒介,包括报纸的印刷大众媒介,与经济问题密切相关。这意味着,如果没有经济力量的支持,大众传媒将无法生存,当然,这对那些通过印刷报纸阅读的人的文化水平和质量也有影响。
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引用次数: 0
The local wisdom-based disaster mitigation literacy of the indigenous Pangandaran community 邦干达兰土著社区以当地智慧为基础的减灾素养
Pub Date : 2022-07-30 DOI: 10.25139/jsk.v6i2.4862
Ninis Agustini Damayani, Encang Saepudin, A. Rusmana, E. Rizal, James M.B. McArthur
Disaster mitigation is a series of efforts to reduce disaster risks through physical development, awareness, and capacity building to face disaster threats. Appropriate communication strategies are needed to increase awareness and the ability to cope with disasters. Delivering appropriate, accurate, and reliable messages can build a reliable disaster literacy community. This study aimed to examine disaster mitigation literacy based on the local wisdom of indigenous people in Pangandaran Regency, West Java. The descriptive qualitative method was employed to explain the phenomena and events occuring in the field comprehensively. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and literature study. Meanwhile, the data were analysed systematically through reduction, presentation, and conclusion stages. The key informants were traditional figures in Badud and Pananjung Villages. The results showed that some traditions contain moral, social, and spiritual messages about disaster mitigation. This study concludes that the local wisdom of the Pangandaran community is an appropriate communication strategy to build disaster mitigation literacy.
减灾是通过物质发展、认识和能力建设来减少灾害风险的一系列努力,以应对灾害威胁。需要适当的传播战略来提高认识和应付灾害的能力。传递适当、准确和可靠的信息可以建立一个可靠的灾难扫盲社区。这项研究的目的是根据西爪哇邦干达兰县土著人民的地方智慧来考察减灾素养。采用描述定性的方法对现场发生的现象和事件进行了全面的解释。采用访谈法、观察法和文献研究法收集资料。同时,通过还原、呈现、总结三个阶段对数据进行系统分析。主要的线人是Badud和Pananjung村的传统人物。结果表明,一些传统包含了有关减灾的道德、社会和精神信息。本研究的结论是,Pangandaran社区的当地智慧是建立减灾素养的适当传播策略。
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引用次数: 1
Komunikasi simbolik kelompok Gay Semarang 同性恋三宝垄象征性交流
Pub Date : 2022-07-30 DOI: 10.25139/jsk.v6i2.4929
S. Pudrianisa
LBHM survey on 2019 mentioned that LGBT groups often experience stigma and discrimination. Although it is widely discussed, it is not easy to access information about these groups. Thus, the problem focuses on how the Semarang gay group uses symbolic communication so that the public can see the symbols used by the Semarang gay group to interact and communicate. This research uses a constructivism paradigm with the qualitative descriptive method and Symbolic Convergence as the main theory. As a result, fantasy exchange creates various communication symbols that converge in the form of verbal (effeminate language/oral and written) and non-verbal (object language, action language and sign language) and are mutually agreed upon as identities to form group cohesiveness. Bad experiences such as stigma/discrimination are the basis for creating safe and easy-to-understand communication symbols between members in exchanging messages and meanings that become the group's motives.
LBHM在2019年的调查中提到,LGBT群体经常遭受耻辱和歧视。尽管它被广泛讨论,但获取这些群体的信息并不容易。因此,问题集中在三宝垄同性恋群体如何使用符号沟通,让公众看到三宝垄同性恋群体使用的符号进行互动和沟通。本研究采用建构主义研究范式,以定性描述方法和符号趋同为主要理论。因此,幻想交流创造了各种各样的交流符号,这些符号以语言(女性化语言/口头和书面)和非语言(对象语言、行动语言和手语)的形式汇聚在一起,并相互认同为身份,形成群体凝聚力。耻辱/歧视等不良经历是在成员之间建立安全和易于理解的交流符号的基础,以交换信息和意义,成为群体的动机。
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引用次数: 0
Generation z's perceptions of health information about the Covid-19 z世代对新冠肺炎健康信息的看法
Pub Date : 2022-07-30 DOI: 10.25139/jsk.v6i2.4903
Siti Nursanti, F. Dharta, Chaerudin Chaerudin, Syisea Putri Syam, Rifki Nugraha Purnama
The COVID-19 pandemic has spread widely worldwide, and Indonesia is no exception. It has led the government to enforce an imperative policy, advising most activities to be done at home by everyone, including Generation Z, that has lived and grown up among the advances in communication and information technology. This study examines Generation Z's perceptions of health information regarding the COVID- 19 pandemic. This study was conducted utilising a quantitative research technique utilising a survey methodology. In this study, it was found that Generation Z firstly learned about the emergence of the COVID-19 virus on the internet, especially on social media. No negative perception was found from Generation Z related to any information shared on the internet, including their social media. Additionally, the study found that getting health information through social media was their choice, closely related to their daily activities.
新冠肺炎疫情在全球广泛蔓延,印尼也不例外。这导致政府执行了一项势在必行的政策,建议所有人在家里完成大多数活动,包括在通信和信息技术的进步中生活和成长的Z世代。这项研究调查了Z世代对COVID- 19大流行健康信息的看法。这项研究是利用定量研究技术利用调查方法进行的。在这项研究中,我们发现Z一代首先在互联网上,特别是在社交媒体上了解到新冠病毒的出现。Z世代没有发现对互联网上分享的任何信息有负面看法,包括他们的社交媒体。此外,研究发现,通过社交媒体获取健康信息是他们的选择,与他们的日常活动密切相关。
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引用次数: 1
Online news regarding the spread of the omicron variant in Southeast Asia 关于在东南亚传播的染色体变体的在线新闻
Pub Date : 2022-07-30 DOI: 10.25139/jsk.v6i2.4865
Rulinawaty Rulinawaty, D. Sjuchro, Syahrial Syahrial, M. Badollahi, Z. Hussain
Cases of Omicron-type Covid-19 have increased substantially worldwide. With the opening of the Omicron 68 case as of 30 December 2021, Indonesia has become the fourth largest country in Southeast Asia in terms of Covid cases. Singapore is in the first place, with 134 Omicron instances. This study aimed to find online news discourse regarding the spread of the Omicron variant in Southeast Asia. The method used in this research is van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis on online news via Kompas.com, news.abs-cbn.com, and channelnewsasia.com during December 2021. This study concludes that the three media reported the spread of the Omicron variant in the text dimension and tried to bring up vaccination efforts. In the dimension of social cognition, ensuring public health for the sake of survival is the ideology that is built. In the context dimension, the social context is built by providing equal opportunities to all people in getting the right to get vaccinated so that matters relating to health issues also have an impact on the economic aspect in line with the national economic recovery.
在世界范围内,欧米克隆型Covid-19病例大幅增加。截至2021年12月30日,随着Omicron 68病例的发现,印度尼西亚已成为东南亚第四大病例国。新加坡排名第一,拥有134个Omicron实例。本研究旨在寻找有关欧米克隆变异在东南亚传播的在线新闻话语。本研究使用的方法是van Dijk对2021年12月通过Kompas.com, news.abs-cbn.com和channelnewsasia.com在线新闻的批判性话语分析。本研究的结论是,这三家媒体在文本维度上报道了欧米克隆变异的传播,并试图提出接种疫苗的努力。在社会认知维度上,为生存而保障公共卫生是构建的意识形态。在背景方面,社会背景是通过向所有人提供获得接种疫苗权利的平等机会来建立的,以便与健康问题有关的事项也根据国家经济复苏对经济方面产生影响。
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引用次数: 6
Therapeutic communication in survivors of obsessive-compulsive disorder 强迫症幸存者的治疗性沟通
Pub Date : 2022-07-30 DOI: 10.25139/jsk.v6i2.4884
Nina Siti Salmaniah Siregar, Jiaqing Lu, Waridah Waridah, Ilma Saakinah Tamsil, D. M. Rohmatulloh
Mental or psychiatric disorders are problems experienced by some people. There are several types of mental disorders, such as anxiety, mood, or eating disorders. This problem affects how sufferers think and behave, like obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). A mental disorder makes sufferers have thoughts and behaviours that are not controlled (obsessions) to do something repeatedly (compulsively). The action can also interfere with the sufferers' daily activities and social interactions. This study aimed to determine therapeutic communication in survivors of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The method used in this research is phenomenology, where the informants in this study are survivors of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The conclusion of this study shows that therapists engage in therapeutic communication with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) survivors using a form of psychological therapy that helps OCD survivors overcome their worries and obsessive thoughts without coercion. This is done by raising the ability to pay attention, empathy, and the ability to respond.
精神或精神障碍是一些人所经历的问题。有几种类型的精神障碍,如焦虑、情绪或饮食失调。这个问题影响患者的思维和行为,就像强迫症(OCD)一样。精神障碍使患者的思想和行为不受控制(强迫症),反复做某事(强迫性)。这种行为还会干扰患者的日常活动和社会交往。本研究旨在确定强迫症(OCD)幸存者的治疗性沟通。本研究采用现象学方法,研究对象为强迫症(OCD)幸存者。这项研究的结论表明,治疗师与强迫症(OCD)幸存者进行治疗性交流,使用一种心理治疗形式,帮助强迫症幸存者在没有强迫的情况下克服他们的担忧和强迫思想。这是通过提高注意力、同理心和反应能力来实现的。
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引用次数: 0
The disaster communication system in the city of Medan 棉兰市的灾难通讯系统
Pub Date : 2022-07-30 DOI: 10.25139/jsk.v6i2.4927
Syafrizaldi Syafrizaldi, Syukur Kholil, Hasrat Efendi Samosir, Ahmad Tamrin Sikumbang
This study aims to analyse the communication system carried out in disaster management in Medan City, analyse the communication system carried out by the Medan City Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) in tackling disasters in Medan City according to Islamic communication principles, analyse the BPBD communication system model in tackling disasters in Medan City, and analyse the communication barriers faced by the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) in tackling disasters in the city of Medan. This study uses several theories, namely communication formulas according to Harold Lasswell, dependency theory (dependency theory) and innovation diffusion theory, to describe the basic concepts and discuss research findings. This research is a research with a qualitative approach and uses a descriptive method after doing data collection by using interviews and documentation. The data analysis results show that the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) of Medan City applies a communication system according to the communication formula according to Harold D Lasswell.
本研究旨在分析棉兰市在灾害管理中实施的通信系统,分析棉兰市区域灾害管理局(BPBD)根据伊斯兰通信原则在棉兰市应对灾害时实施的通信系统,分析BPBD在棉兰市应对灾害中的通信系统模型,并分析区域灾害管理局(BPBD)在处理棉兰市灾害时面临的沟通障碍。本研究运用哈罗德·拉斯韦尔的传播公式、依赖理论(dependency theory)和创新扩散理论来描述基本概念并讨论研究结果。本研究是一项采用定性方法的研究,通过访谈和文献资料收集数据后,采用描述性方法。数据分析结果表明,棉兰市区域灾害管理局(BPBD)根据Harold D laswell的沟通公式采用了沟通系统。
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引用次数: 0
Religious issues as a message in political communications during local elections 宗教问题作为地方选举期间政治沟通的信息
Pub Date : 2022-07-30 DOI: 10.25139/jsk.v6i2.4925
Amal Taufiq, Hotman Siahaan, M. Pramono
This research focuses on religious issues used as messages in political communication. A campaign is a form of political communication by one of the candidates for local leader dan vice local leader of Gresik regency Sambari Qosim (SQ) in the 2015 regional election. This study employed a qualitative approach; therefore, the researcher used observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation to collect data. The study found that the SQ candidate pair used religious issues as a message in their political campaign because the local vice leader of Gersik Regency, Mohammad Qosim, was the son of a Kyai. Thus, such a strategy made it easier for him to gain sympathy from the voters, who would ultimately determine his choice of the pair. This strategy was implemented due to the socio-cultural community of Gresik Regency, a religious society that considers religion to be sacred, including the figure of a Kyai. As a religious figure, the Kyai must be obeyed and become an example in attitude and behaviour. This condition prompted the SQ candidate to take advantage of religious issues to gain as many votes as possible to win the 2015 regional elections.
本研究的重点是宗教问题在政治传播中被用作信息。竞选活动是2015年地区选举中,格列西克摄政Sambari Qosim (SQ)的地方领导人和副地方领导人候选人之一的一种政治沟通形式。本研究采用定性方法;因此,研究者采用观察法、深度访谈法和文献法来收集数据。研究发现,这对SQ候选人在他们的政治竞选中利用宗教问题作为信息,因为格西克摄政的当地副领导人穆罕默德·科西姆是一个开伊人的儿子。因此,这种策略使他更容易获得选民的同情,选民将最终决定他对这对搭档的选择。这一战略的实施是由于Gresik Regency的社会文化社区,这是一个宗教社会,认为宗教是神圣的,包括Kyai的形象。作为一个宗教人物,Kyai必须服从并成为态度和行为的榜样。这种情况促使SQ候选人利用宗教问题获得尽可能多的选票,赢得2015年的地区选举。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Jurnal Studi Komunikasi (Indonesian Journal of Communications Studies)
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