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Pension Insurance as a Social Security Institution: State, Problems and Prospects 养老保险作为社会保障制度:现状、问题与展望
Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.21603/2500-3372-2023-8-3-347-356
The article examines the function of pension insurance in the social security system of Russian Federation. The purpose of the article is to determine whether the insurance system is capable of performing its social and economic objectives. The research is based on the analysis of the Russian Federation legislation and scientific works of Russian authors on the development and performance problems of the pension insurance system in Russia. The article studies the main legal provisions of compulsory and voluntary pension insurance in the Russian Federation, examines the main aspects of the compulsory and voluntary pension insurance performance, identifies problem areas, analyzes the dynamics of the earnings replacement rate, considers the factors that negatively impact the interest of citizens in voluntary pension insurance. The author comes to the conclusion that the best option for the development of pension insurance is the joint use of voluntary and compulsory forms of pension insurance.
本文考察了养老保险在俄罗斯联邦社会保障体系中的作用。本文的目的是确定保险制度是否能够实现其社会和经济目标。本研究是在分析俄罗斯联邦立法和俄罗斯作者关于俄罗斯养老保险制度发展和绩效问题的科学著作的基础上进行的。本文研究了俄罗斯联邦强制性和自愿性养老保险的主要法律规定,考察了强制性和自愿性养老保险绩效的主要方面,找出了问题所在,分析了收益替代率的动态变化,考虑了对公民自愿养老保险利益产生负面影响的因素。笔者认为,自愿和强制养老保险相结合是养老保险发展的最佳选择。
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引用次数: 0
System of Long-Term Care for the Disabled and Elderly Citizens in the Stavropol Krai: Assessment of the Social Performance 斯塔夫罗波尔边疆区残疾人和老年公民长期护理系统:社会绩效评估
Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.21603/2500-3372-2023-8-3-391-400
The system of long-term care for the disabled and elderly people has to attract investments and produce a social effect. The purpose of the study is to assess the social performance of the of long-term care system for the disabled and elderly citizens in the Stavropol Krai on the basis of the original author’s approach. Methods: description and literature analysis, analytical and statistical methods of data processing, indirect anonymous survey. The author analyzes the scientific literature to form the conceptual and categorical apparatus. The survey uses multi-stage typological sampling. The indirect survey involved 500 respondents; the expert survey – 20 experts in the field of social services and long-term care. The research shows that the system of long-term care for the disabled and elderly people is a priority at the federal and regional levels and has a high social performance. The practical significance of this study lies in the development and implementation of the original methodology for assessing the social performance of the long-term care system.
残疾人和老年人长期护理制度必须吸引投资并产生社会效应。本研究的目的是评估长期护理系统的社会绩效为残疾人和老年公民在斯塔夫罗波尔边疆区的基础上的原作者的做法。方法:采用描述法和文献分析法、数据处理分析法和统计法、间接匿名调查法。作者通过分析科学文献来形成概念和范畴工具。调查采用多阶段类型抽样。间接调查涉及500名受访者;专家调查- 20位专家在社会服务和长期护理领域。研究表明,残疾人和老年人长期护理系统是联邦和地区一级的优先事项,具有很高的社会绩效。本研究的实际意义在于发展和实施评估长期照护系统社会绩效的原始方法。
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引用次数: 0
Metamorphosis of the Public Administration Paradigm and the New Qualification Profile of Civil Servants 公共行政范式的蜕变与公务员资格的新形象
Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.21603/2500-3372-2023-8-3-323-333
In conditions of rapidly changing external environment, increasing international tension, and more complicated public policy, the theory of public administration must quickly adapt. Traditional models of public administration based on strict hierarchical subordination are extremely ineffective, which necessitates their radical rethinking and redesign. These changes affect the requirements for the qualification profile of civil servants. The key trend is the rejection of team management methods in favor of methods based on participation, involvement, effective motivation. The purpose of the study is to analyze the theory of public administration basic concepts (models); to establish the functions and tasks of civil servants and arrange them; to identify key trends in the society development that affect the qualification profile of civil servants. The research is based on scientific works, statistical data of national and foreign agencies and institutes, empirical data. Scientific methods: literature analysis, comparative analysis, synthesis, generalization, observation; methods, used in the article are of scientific abstraction and abstract thinking. The novelty of the research lies in the conclusion that the paradigm of public administration shifts towards social partnership and decentralization of public administration, increasing the responsibility of civil servants.
面对瞬息万变的外部环境、日益紧张的国际局势和日趋复杂的公共政策,公共行政理论必须迅速做出适应。以严格的等级从属为基础的传统公共行政模式是极其无效的,这需要对其进行彻底的重新思考和重新设计。这些变化影响了对公务员资格的要求。关键的趋势是拒绝团队管理方法,支持基于参与、参与和有效激励的方法。本研究的目的是分析公共行政理论的基本概念(模式);确立和安排公务员的职能和任务;找出影响公务员资历的主要社会发展趋势。本研究以科学著作、国内外机构和研究所的统计数据、实证数据为依据。科学方法:文献分析、比较分析、综合、概括、观察;本文采用的方法是科学抽象和抽象思维。该研究的新颖之处在于得出结论,公共行政范式转向社会伙伴关系和公共行政权力下放,增加了公务员的责任。
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引用次数: 0
Legal and Institutional Framework of Youth Spiritual and Moral Upbringing in the Context of Voluntary Work Development in Modern Russia 现代俄罗斯志愿工作发展背景下青年精神道德教育的法律和制度框架
Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.21603/2500-3372-2023-8-3-267-276
The article is devoted to the problem of youth spiritual and moral upbringing. The authors evaluate the role of the family, educational institutions and public associations in the development and implementation of youth spiritual and moral education policy. The purpose of the study is to conduct a systematic analysis of the legal and institutional framework of the youth spiritual and moral upbringing policy to identify relevant issues and develop measures for its improvement. The institutional approach makes it possible to identify the main institutions that form the spiritual and moral values of the modern Russian youth. Systematic analysis of the voluntary work development dynamics shows the effectiveness of this institution and emphasizes the necessity to develop its potential. The authors come to the conclusion that it is necessary to intensify measures of spiritual and moral upbringing and that voluntary work has a constructive role in this process.
这篇文章专门讨论青年的精神和道德教育问题。作者评估了家庭、教育机构和公共协会在制定和实施青少年精神和道德教育政策中的作用。本研究的目的是系统分析青少年精神及道德教育政策的法律及制度框架,找出相关问题,并制订改善措施。从制度的角度来看,有可能确定形成现代俄罗斯青年精神和道德价值观的主要机构。对志愿工作发展动态的系统分析显示了这一制度的有效性,并强调了开发其潜力的必要性。作者得出结论,有必要加强精神和道德教育措施,志愿工作在这一过程中发挥建设性作用。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Far-Right Networks in the Cultural War and International Relations in Europe 极右翼网络在欧洲文化战争和国际关系中的作用
Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.21603/2500-3372-2023-8-3-284-291
The author analyzes the internationalization of European far right civil societies as non-traditional political actors that engage in international relations creating ideological networks. The purpose of the article is to reveal the role of European fascist civil societies in international ideological activism as a response to a perceived cultural war against globalism and cultural Marxism of left internationalists. The article analyzes and comprehensively defines the issue of the cultural war in the West and describes the characteristics of Spanish fascist civil societies as non-traditional political actors exposing their perspective as cultural war revolutionaries. Attempts to create international far right networks by Spanish actors are studied based on the analysis of The Militant – The Cultural War, the manifesto published by the Spanish fascist civil society European Future in February 2023. A discourse analysis of this document exposes the ideological narratives of this group that can help to create a theoretical framework of the cultural war concept for European far right politics. The results demonstrate that European far right activists consider there is an ideological war against Marxists and other leftist groups. Activists of the European Future see themselves as far right revolutionaries capable of causing an ideological revolution in European democracies. The manifesto serves as a tool to call out to other European far right activists of the continent to join them. The results can contribute to future research of ideological extremism and European far right activism.
作者分析了欧洲极右公民社会作为参与国际关系、创造意识形态网络的非传统政治行动者的国际化。本文的目的是揭示欧洲法西斯公民社会在国际意识形态行动主义中的作用,作为对左翼国际主义者反对全球主义和文化马克思主义的文化战争的回应。文章分析并全面界定了西方文化战争的问题,并描述了西班牙法西斯公民社会作为非传统政治行动者的特征,揭示了他们作为文化战争革命者的视角。本文以西班牙法西斯市民团体“欧洲未来”于2023年2月发表的宣言《激进分子-文化战争》为基础,研究了西班牙演员试图建立国际极右网络的行为。对这份文件的话语分析揭示了这个群体的意识形态叙事,这有助于为欧洲极右翼政治创造文化战争概念的理论框架。这表明,欧洲极右翼人士认为,与马克思主义者等左翼团体之间正在进行一场意识形态战争。“欧洲未来”的积极分子认为自己是有能力在欧洲民主国家引发意识形态革命的极右翼革命者。该宣言是号召欧洲大陆其他极右翼活动人士加入他们的工具。研究结果可以为未来对意识形态极端主义和欧洲极右翼激进主义的研究做出贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Overcoming Crises of 2008 and 2020 by Developed and Developing Countries: Comparative Analysis 发达国家和发展中国家克服2008年和2020年危机的比较分析
Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.21603/2500-3372-2023-8-3-312-322
Today the socio-economic development suffers from a high level of uncertainty and a large number of global changes. The purpose of the study is to compare how modern crises affected on the economies of developed and developing countries and to assess economies’ weak points and capabilities to recover. The authors analyzed the dynamics of developed and developing countries’ real gross domestic ptoduct in 2001–2021 and identified the 2 most significant crisis periods. A comparative analysis of inflation rates shows that during the pandemic inflation growth was more gradual than in 2008; more restrained in developed countries than in developing countries. A comparative analysis of gross domestic ptoduct level indicators in 2007–2021 in the developed countries, G7 countries and developing countries substantiates that the COVID-19 pandemic crisis led to less serious consequences for the world economy than the global economic crisis of 2008 due to the population and business support programs, implementated by state institutions on an unprecedented scale. According to the analyzed indicators, developing countries’ reaction to crises is more restrained, recovery in the post-crisis period is faster. However, the primary reason for this is the implementation of the global rescue program for developing economies by developed countries. The article presents recommendations on ensuring the post-pandemic recovery of the economies of developed and developing countries.
今天,社会经济发展受到高度不确定性和大量全球变化的影响。这项研究的目的是比较现代危机对发达国家和发展中国家经济的影响,并评估经济的弱点和复苏能力。作者分析了2001-2021年发达国家和发展中国家实际国内生产总值的动态,并确定了两个最严重的危机时期。对通货膨胀率的比较分析表明,大流行期间的通货膨胀增长比2008年更为缓慢;发达国家比发展中国家更受限制。对发达国家、七国集团国家和发展中国家2007-2021年国内生产总值水平指标的比较分析表明,由于国家机构以前所未有的规模实施了人口和企业支持计划,2019冠状病毒病大流行危机对世界经济造成的影响不如2008年全球经济危机严重。从分析的指标来看,发展中国家对危机的反应更为克制,危机后时期的复苏速度更快。然而,造成这种情况的主要原因是发达国家对发展中经济体实施全球救助计划。这篇文章提出了关于确保发达国家和发展中国家经济在大流行后复苏的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Municipal Districts’ Budgetary Provision on the Sustainability of the Agro-Industrial Complex Development in Kemerovo region – Kuzbass 市辖区预算拨款对克麦罗沃地区-库兹巴斯农工综合体可持续发展的影响
Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.21603/2500-3372-2023-8-3-357-365
The article proposes and implements the quantitative assessment method for measuring the connection between sustainability of the agro-industrial complex development and the municipal districts’ budgetary provision in the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass. The goal is to determine the level of budget indicators impact on the sustainability of the agro-industrial complex development. The budget indicators are mathematically compared with the indicators of 4 fundamental components of sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex. The method is intended for researchers solving the problems of regulating socio-economic development at the local level and at the level of the Federation subject; for authorities of the Russian Federation subjects and municipal authorities for making managerial decisions. The results can serve as a foundation for assessing the level of the agro-industrial complex sustainable development in the municipal districts of the region.
本文提出并实施了衡量克麦罗沃-库兹巴斯地区农工综合体发展可持续性与市辖区预算拨款之间关系的定量评估方法。目标是确定预算指标对农工综合体可持续发展的影响程度。预算指标与农工综合体可持续发展的4个基本组成部分的指标进行了数学比较。该方法的目的是供研究人员在地方一级和联邦主体一级解决调节社会经济发展的问题;为俄罗斯联邦各主体和市政当局作出管理决策。研究结果可作为评价区域市辖区农工综合体可持续发展水平的基础。
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引用次数: 0
Migrant Integration in Russian Migration Policy: Conceptual Framework 俄罗斯移民政策中的移民融合:概念框架
Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.21603/2500-3372-2023-8-3-292-300
Attempts to conceptualize the integration of migrants in society regularly face criticism within the academic community; the term integration does not have a generally accepted definition. The article offers an analysis of Russian migrants integration policy. The purpose of the study is to clarify the meaning of the term integration, as well as to compare integration theories with practical measures of immigrant integration. The authors define the concept of integration, explore its conceptual foundations, and shed light on some contradictions of its use in political discourse and scientific literature. The concept of integration is defined as the inclusion of an individual in a certain host community’s social ties structure. Using the content analysis method, the article considers the place of integration concept in the fundamental documents of the Russian immigration policy. The authors conclude that the Russian integration policy has its faults. There is a gap between the integration policy and the realities of the migrants' existence, which prevents the effective inclusion of migrants in Russian society. Solving the problem requires close cooperation between various actors of migration policy, including non-profit civil organizations.
将移徙者融入社会概念化的尝试经常受到学术界的批评;术语“积分”并没有一个被普遍接受的定义。本文对俄罗斯移民融合政策进行了分析。本研究的目的是澄清融合一词的含义,并将融合理论与移民融合的实际措施进行比较。本文界定了整合的概念,探讨了整合的概念基础,并揭示了整合在政治话语和科学文献中使用的一些矛盾。融合的概念被定义为个体融入某一收容社区的社会关系结构。本文运用内容分析法,考察了融合理念在俄罗斯移民政策基础文件中的地位。作者得出结论,俄罗斯的一体化政策有其缺陷。融合政策与移民存在的现实之间存在着差距,这阻碍了移民有效地融入俄罗斯社会。解决这一问题需要包括非营利性民间组织在内的各种移民政策行动者之间的密切合作。
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引用次数: 0
New Approach to the Coordination of Enterprise’s Labor Potential Management System 企业劳动力潜力管理系统协调的新思路
Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.21603/2500-3372-2023-8-3-334-346
The management of the industrial personnel labor potential in conditions of uncertainty is a relevant scientific problem. The purpose of the study is to improve the coordination of the enterprise's labor potential management system. The advantage of the labor potential category is its multilevel nature, which makes it possible to study the labor potential of an individual employee as well as personnel of the enterprise as a whole. The article considers labor potential coordination management through a set of basic principles, interacting quantitative and qualitative characteristics that exhibit dynamically changing integration qualities. The specification of the principles makes it possible to ensure the coordination of the enterprise’s labor potential management system. The author identifies the factors that can be influenced by the enterprise management; specify the measurable factors, which can help the enterprise to coordinate the labor potential management system; evaluate the influence of each group of factors. The study uses the general methodological principle of the management systems of industrial enterprises study and a management survey for the diagnosis of internal problems.
不确定条件下工业人员劳动潜力的管理是一个相关的科学问题。研究的目的是为了完善企业劳动潜力管理系统的协调性。劳动潜力分类的优势在于它具有多层次的性质,既可以研究个体员工的劳动潜力,也可以研究企业整体人员的劳动潜力。本文认为劳动潜力协调管理是通过一套基本原则、相互作用的定量和定性特征来实现的,这些特征表现出动态变化的整体性。原则的明确,使企业劳动潜力管理体系的协调性得以保证。作者识别了企业管理可以影响的因素;明确可衡量因素,有助于企业协调劳动潜力管理体系;评估每组因素的影响。本研究采用工业企业管理制度研究的一般方法论原则,并通过管理调查对内部问题进行诊断。
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引用次数: 0
Development of the Russian Regions under Environmental Uncertainty 环境不确定性下的俄罗斯地区发展
Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.21603/2500-3372-2023-8-3-378-390
The economic, technological, social, and political development of Russia is affected by unfavorable external circumstances. The purpose of the article is to reveal the features of the external environment uncertainty, assess its impact on the economic systems of the Russian regions, and to propose a mechanism of adaptation to future recessionary phenomena. The article uses methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison, economic analysis; a systematic approach. The authors present the results of comparative analysis of Russian regions’ development indicators in 2019–2021 and 2022. It is determined that the speed and effectiveness of overcoming uncertainty factors depends on the adaptive abilities of Russian regions and the speed of decision-making. The key directions of state policy measures to maintain the stability of the economic systems of the regions are substantiated.
俄罗斯的经济、科技、社会和政治发展受到不利的外部环境的影响。本文旨在揭示外部环境不确定性的特征,评估其对俄罗斯地区经济系统的影响,并提出一种适应未来经济衰退现象的机制。本文采用了分析与综合、归纳与演绎、比较、经济分析等方法;系统的方法。作者介绍了2019-2021年和2022年俄罗斯地区发展指标的比较分析结果。确定克服不确定性因素的速度和有效性取决于俄罗斯地区的适应能力和决策速度。明确了维护区域经济体系稳定的国家政策措施的重点方向。
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引用次数: 0
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Vestnik Kemerovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta
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