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The association of physical activity duration and intensity on emotional intelligence in 10–13 year-old Children 体育锻炼时间和强度与 10-13 岁儿童情商的关系
IF 2.3 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2024.01.009

Previous studies have shown that Physical Activity (PA) has a positive association with emotional health and intelligence in adolescents but none have focused on the relationship of PA duration and intensity on Emotional Intelligence (EI). The purpose of this study was to cross-sectionally assess the association of PA measures on overall EI and its domains in a cohort of 2 029 adolescents aged 10–13 years of age in the National Longitudinal Survey for Children and Youth (NLSCY) from Canada. Multivariable linear regression analysis of EI was adjusted for age, sex, annual household income, and health status. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to relate PA duration measured in minutes, frequency, and intensity categories with continuous GEI scores and also the corresponding scores for domains of GEI. The mean GEI scores were (28.3 ​± ​6.6) for 0–30 ​minute (min) PA duration, (30.0 ​± ​6.5) for 30 to ​< ​60 ​min, (30.8 ​± ​6.7) for 60–120 ​min, and (30.1 ​± ​6.5) for ≥ 121 ​min. There was a statistically significant linear trend across PA duration categories, p ​= ​0.000 4. Post-hoc pairwise comparison revealed that compared to the referent category (< 30 ​min ​PA category) was statistically significantly lower GEI than each of the other two PA categories (30–59 ​min; and 60–120 ​min), both p-values < 0.01. Meeting World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for duration and vigorous intensity were positively associated with the higher overall EI and its domains except for Stress Management.

以往的研究表明,体育锻炼(PA)与青少年的情绪健康和智力有积极的关系,但没有一项研究关注体育锻炼的持续时间和强度与情商(EI)的关系。本研究的目的是横向评估加拿大全国儿童和青少年纵向调查(NLSCY)中 2029 名 10-13 岁青少年的活动量与总体情商及其领域的关系。EI 的多变量线性回归分析根据年龄、性别、家庭年收入和健康状况进行了调整。采用单因素方差分析(ANOVA)将以分钟、频率和强度为单位的体育锻炼持续时间与连续 GEI 分数以及相应的 GEI 领域分数联系起来。PA 持续时间为 0-30 分钟的平均 GEI 得分为(28.3 ± 6.6),30-60 分钟的平均 GEI 得分为(30.0 ± 6.5),60-120 分钟的平均 GEI 得分为(30.8 ± 6.7),≥ 121 分钟的平均 GEI 得分为(30.1 ± 6.5)。事后配对比较显示,与参考类别(< 30 分钟 PA 类别)相比,GEI 在统计学上明显低于其他两个 PA 类别(30-59 分钟和 60-120 分钟),两者的 p 值均为 <0.01。符合世界卫生组织(WHO)指导原则的持续时间和剧烈强度与较高的总体 EI 及其领域(压力管理除外)呈正相关。
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引用次数: 0
Aerobic interval training preconditioning protocols inhibit isoproterenol-induced pathological cardiac remodeling in rats: Implications on oxidative balance, autophagy, and apoptosis 有氧间歇训练预处理方案可抑制异丙肾上腺素诱导的大鼠病理性心脏重塑:对氧化平衡、自噬和细胞凋亡的影响
IF 2.3 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2024.01.010

This study aimed to investigate the potential cardioprotective effects of moderate and high-intensity aerobic interval training (MIIT and HIIT) preconditioning. The focus was on histological changes, pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance, autophagy initiation, and apoptosis in myocardial tissue incited by isoproterenol-induced pathological cardiac remodeling (ISO-induced PCR). Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control (n ​= ​6), ISO (n ​= ​8), MIIT (n ​= ​4), HIIT (n ​= ​4), MIIT ​+ ​ISO (n ​= ​8), and HIIT ​+ ​ISO (n ​= ​8) groups. The MIIT and HIIT protocols were administered for 10 weeks, followed by the induction of cardiac remodeling using subcutaneous injection of ISO (100 ​mg/kg for two consecutive days). Alterations in heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), rate pressure product (RPP), myocardial oxygen consumption (MV˙O2), cardiac hypertrophy, histopathological changes, pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance, autophagy biomarkers (Beclin-1, Atg7, p62, LC3 I/II), and apoptotic cell distribution were measured. The findings revealed that the MIIT ​+ ​ISO and HIIT ​+ ​ISO groups demonstrated diminished myocardial damage, hemorrhage, immune cell infiltration, edema, necrosis, and apoptosis compared to ISO-induced rats. MIIT and HIIT preconditioning mitigated HR, enhanced MAP, and preserved MV˙O2 and RPP. The pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance was sustained in both MIIT ​+ ​ISO and HIIT ​+ ​ISO groups, with MIIT primarily inhibiting pro-apoptotic autophagy progression through maintaining pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance, and HIIT promoting pro-survival autophagy. The results demonstrated the beneficial effects of both MIIT and HIIT as AITs preconditioning in ameliorating ISO-induced PCR by improving exercise capacity, hemodynamic parameters, and histopathological changes. Some of these protective effects can be attributed to the modulation of cardiac apoptosis, autophagy, and oxidative stress.

本研究旨在探讨中度和高强度有氧间歇训练(MIIT 和 HIIT)预处理对心脏的潜在保护作用。研究重点是异丙托品醇诱导的病理性心脏重塑(ISO诱导的PCR)所引发的心肌组织的组织学变化、促氧化-抗氧化平衡、自噬启动和细胞凋亡。雄性 Wistar 大鼠被随机分为对照组(n = 6)、ISO 组(n = 8)、MIIT 组(n = 4)、HIIT 组(n = 4)、MIIT + ISO 组(n = 8)和 HIIT + ISO 组(n = 8)。MIIT和HIIT方案实施10周,然后通过皮下注射ISO(100毫克/千克,连续两天)诱导心脏重塑。研究人员测量了心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、速率压力积(RPP)、心肌耗氧量(MV˙O2)、心脏肥大、组织病理学变化、促氧化剂-抗氧化剂平衡、自噬生物标志物(Beclin-1、Atg7、p62、LC3 I/II)和凋亡细胞分布的变化。研究结果显示,与 ISO 诱导的大鼠相比,MIIT + ISO 组和 HIIT + ISO 组的心肌损伤、出血、免疫细胞浸润、水肿、坏死和细胞凋亡均有所减轻。MIIT 和 HIIT 预处理减轻了 HR,提高了 MAP,保护了 MV˙O2 和 RPP。MIIT + ISO组和HIIT + ISO组都维持了促氧化-抗氧化平衡,其中MIIT主要是通过维持促氧化-抗氧化平衡来抑制促凋亡的自噬过程,而HIIT则促进了促生存的自噬过程。研究结果表明,MIIT 和 HIIT 作为 AITs 预处理,通过改善运动能力、血液动力学参数和组织病理学变化,对改善 ISO 诱导的 PCR 有益。其中一些保护作用可归因于对心脏凋亡、自噬和氧化应激的调节。
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引用次数: 0
Correlation between daily physical activity and intestinal microbiota in perimenopausal women 围绝经期妇女每日体力活动与肠道微生物群之间的相关性
Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2024.02.005
Yanqiu Zheng, Junyu Ke, JinBin Song, Xuyu Li, Rongman Kuang, Haiyan Wang, Shuang Li, Yanwu Li
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引用次数: 0
Music alters heart rate and psychological responses but not muscle activation during light-intensity isometric exercise 音乐能改变轻度等长运动时的心率和心理反应,但不能改变肌肉活化状态
IF 2.3 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2024.01.008

Listening to music manipulates attention to be more externally focused, which has the potential to improve muscular efficiency. This study aimed to determine the effect of listening to music on muscle activation during an isometric exercise task, and compare this effect to those of other attentional focus conditions. Apparently healthy subjects (n = ​35; 16 men/19 women) completed an isometric elbow flexion task for 1 ​min in three randomized and counterbalanced conditions: internal focus (INT), external focus with a simple distraction task (EXT), or listening to music (MUS). Muscle activation of the biceps and triceps brachii and heart rate (HR) were recorded throughout the exercise tasks. Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), affective valence, and motivation were measured at the end of each trial. There was no difference in muscle activation measures among the three conditions. HR during MUS was lower than EXT at 15 ​s ([89.4 ​± ​11.8] beats/min vs. [93.1 ​± ​12.9] beats/min; p ​= ​0.018) and 30 ​s ([90.6 ​± ​12.4] beats/min vs. [94.2 ​± ​12.5] beats/min; p ​= ​0.026), and lower than INT at 60 ​s ([93.3 ​± ​13.3] beats/min vs. [96.7 ​± ​12.0] beats/min; p ​= ​0.016). Overall RPE was higher for INT (13.4 ​± ​2.2) than for MUS ([12.6 ​± ​2.0]; p ​= ​0.020) and EXT ([11.94 ​± ​2.22]; p ​< ​0.001). Affective valence was higher for MUS than for INT ([2.7 ​± ​1.4] vs. [2.1 ​± ​1.5]; p ​= ​0.011). Manipulating attentional focus did not alter muscle activation for a light-intensity isometric muscular endurance task, though MUS was reported as more positive and requiring less exertion to complete than INT. Using music can therefore be recommended during light-intensity isometric exercise based on the psychological benefits observed.

听音乐能使注意力更加集中于外部,从而有可能提高肌肉效率。本研究旨在确定听音乐对等长运动任务中肌肉激活的影响,并将这种影响与其他注意力集中条件下的影响进行比较。身体健康的受试者(n = 35;16 名男性/19 名女性)在三种随机且平衡的条件下完成了 1 分钟的肘关节等长屈伸任务:内部集中注意力(INT)、外部集中注意力并完成简单的分散注意力任务(EXT)或聆听音乐(MUS)。在整个运动任务过程中记录肱二头肌和肱三头肌的肌肉激活情况以及心率(HR)。每次试验结束时都会测量感知用力评分(RPE)、情绪和动机。三种条件下的肌肉激活测量结果没有差异。在 15 秒([89.4 ± 11.8] 次/分钟 vs. [93.1 ± 12.9] 次/分钟;p = 0.018)和 30 秒([90.6 ± 12.4] 次/分钟 vs. [94.2 ± 12.5] 次/分钟;p = 0.026)和 60 秒([93.3 ± 13.3] 次/分钟 vs. [96.7 ± 12.0] 次/分钟;p = 0.016)时,MUS 期间的心率低于 EXT。INT 的总体 RPE(13.4 ± 2.2)高于 MUS([12.6 ± 2.0];p = 0.020)和 EXT([11.94 ± 2.22];p < 0.001)。MUS 的情感价位高于 INT([2.7 ± 1.4] vs. [2.1 ± 1.5];p = 0.011)。在轻强度等长肌肉耐力任务中,操纵注意力焦点并不会改变肌肉激活,但与 INT 相比,MUS 被认为更积极,完成任务所需的体力也更少。因此,基于所观察到的心理益处,建议在轻强度等长运动中使用音乐。
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引用次数: 0
Demystifying roles of exercise in immune response regulation against acute respiratory infections: A narrative review 解密运动在急性呼吸道感染免疫反应调节中的作用:叙述性综述
Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2024.01.004
Denny Agustiningsih , Tri Wibawa

The benefits of physical activity and exercise, especially those classified as moderate-to-vigorous activity (MVPA), have been well-established in preventing non-communicable diseases and mental health problems in healthy adults. However, the relationship between physical activity and exercise and the prevention and management of acute respiratory infection (ARI), a global high-burden disease, has been inconclusive. There have been debates and disagreements among scientific publications regarding the relationship between exercise and immune response against the causative agents of ARI. This narrative review aims to explore the theory that sufficiently explains the correlation between exercise, immune response, and ARI. The potential root causes of discrepancies come from research associated with the “open window” hypothesis. The studies have several limitations, and future improvements to address them are urgently needed in the study design, data collection, exercise intervention, subject recruitment, biomarkers for infection and inflammation, nutritional and metabolism status, and in addressing confounding variables. In conclusion, data support the clinical advantages of exercise have a regulatory contribution toward improving the immune response, which in turn potentially protects humans fromARI. However, the hypothesis related to its negative effect must be adopted cautiously.

体力活动和锻炼,尤其是那些被归类为中度到剧烈运动(MVPA)的活动,在预防健康成年人的非传染性疾病和心理健康问题方面的益处已得到充分证实。然而,体力活动和锻炼与急性呼吸道感染(ARI)这一全球高负担疾病的预防和管理之间的关系一直没有定论。关于运动与针对急性呼吸道感染致病因子的免疫反应之间的关系,科学出版物之间一直存在争论和分歧。本综述旨在探讨能充分解释运动、免疫反应和急性呼吸道感染之间相关性的理论。差异的潜在根源来自与 "开放窗口 "假说相关的研究。这些研究存在一些局限性,今后急需在研究设计、数据收集、运动干预、受试者招募、感染和炎症的生物标志物、营养和代谢状况以及处理混杂变量等方面加以改进,以解决这些问题。总之,数据表明,运动的临床优势有助于改善免疫反应,进而保护人类免受急性呼吸道感染。然而,必须谨慎采用与运动负面影响相关的假设。
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引用次数: 0
Acute Pilates and plyometric exercise in school-based settings improve attention and mathematics performance in high school students 校本环境中的急性普拉提和负重运动可提高高中生的注意力和数学成绩
Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2023.12.008
Muhammed M. Atakan , Betül Atakan

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of acute Pilates and plyometric exercise in a school-based setting on attention and mathematics test performance in high school students. Forty 10th-grade students (21 females and 19 males; age: [15.0 ± 0.5] years, body mass index: [21.4 ± 2.8] kg/m2) participated in this crossover and quasi-experimental study. In week 1, students were familiarized with the d2 test of attention and Pilates and plyometric exercises activities, and body composition measurements were taken. In both weeks 2 and 3, students completed the d2 test of attention and mathematics test with 20 questions following a single session of low-to-moderate-intensity exercise and a classroom-based non-exercise activity, in a non-randomized order. The exercise sessions included 30 mins of plyometric exercises for male students and Pilates exercise for female students, with intensities corresponding to 10–14 on the Borg rating of perceived exertion scale6-20. Compared to the non-exercise activity, a 30-min of Pilates and plyometric exercise resulted in significant improvements in attention score (mean difference [Δ] ​= ​54.5 score; p ​< 0.001; Cohen's effect sizes [d] ​= ​1.26) and concentration performance (Δ ​= ​20.7 score; p ​= ​0.003; d ​= ​0.51). The students scored significantly higher on the mathematics test after participating in the exercise sessions compared to the non-exercise condition (Δ% ​= ​11.7; p ​< ​0.001; d ​= ​0.76). There were no significant differences between genders (p ​> ​0.05). These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of acute light-to-moderate-intensity Pilates and plyometric exercises in school-based settings for improving attention and mathematics performance in adolescents.

本研究旨在探讨在学校环境中进行急性普拉提和负重运动对高中生注意力和数学考试成绩的影响。40 名十年级学生(21 名女生和 19 名男生;年龄:[15.0 ± 0.5]岁,体重指数:[21.4 ± 2.8] kg/m2)参加了这项研究:[21.4 ± 2.8] kg/m2)参加了这项交叉和准实验研究。第 1 周,学生们熟悉了 d2 注意力测试、普拉提和负重练习活动,并测量了身体成分。在第 2 周和第 3 周,学生们完成了 d2 注意力测试和数学测试(共 20 道题),然后按照非随机顺序进行了一次中低强度运动和一次课堂非运动活动。运动课包括男生 30 分钟的负重运动和女生 30 分钟的普拉提运动,运动强度相当于博格知觉消耗量表中的 10-14 级6-20。与不做运动的学生相比,30 分钟的普拉提和负重运动显著提高了学生的注意力得分(平均差异 [Δ] = 54.5 分;p < 0.001;科恩效应量 [d] = 1.26)和集中力表现(Δ = 20.7 分;p = 0.003;d = 0.51)。与非运动状态相比,参加运动后的学生在数学测试中的得分明显更高(Δ% = 11.7;p < 0.001;d = 0.76)。两性之间没有明显差异(p > 0.05)。这些研究结果表明,在学校环境中进行轻度到中等强度的急性普拉提和负重练习,对提高青少年的注意力和数学成绩非常有效。
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引用次数: 0
Potential neurophysiological and biomechanical risk factors for sport-related back problems: A scoping review 运动相关背部问题的潜在神经生理学和生物力学风险因素:范围审查
Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2023.12.006
Erika Zemková , Banafsheh Amiri , Henrieta Horníková , Ludmila Zapletalová

This scoping review aims (1) to map the literature dealing with neurophysiological and biomechanical aspects of back problems in athletes in order to identify valid risk-factors for their prevention, plus (2) to identify gaps in the existing research and propose suggestions for future studies. A literature search conducted with Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library was completed by Elsevier, SpringerLink and Google Scholar. The main neurophysiological risk factors identified leading to back problems in athletes are neuromuscular imbalance, increased muscle fatigability, muscle dysfunction and impaired motor control, whilst biomechanical risk factors include maladaptive spinal, spinopelvic and lower limb kinematics, side-to-side imbalances in axial strength and hip rotation range of motion, spinal overloading and deficits in movement pattern. However, most studies focused on back pain in the lumbar region, whereas less attention has been paid to thoracic and cervical spine problems. The range of sports where this topic has been studied is relatively small. There is a lack of research in sports in which the core muscles are highly involved in specific movements such as lifting weights or trunk rotations. A limited number of studies include female athletes and master athletes of both genders. In addition to chronic back pain patients, it is equally important to conduct research on healthy athletes with a predisposition to spine problems. Investigators should focus their empirical work on identifying modifiable risk factors, predict which athletes are at risk for back problems, and develop personalized sport-specific assessment tools and targeted prevention strategies for them.

This review was registered using the Open Science Framework Registries (https://osf.io/ha5n7).

本次范围界定综述旨在:(1)对涉及运动员背部问题的神经生理学和生物力学方面的文献进行梳理,以确定预防背部问题的有效风险因素;(2)找出现有研究中的不足之处,并为今后的研究提出建议。Elsevier、SpringerLink 和 Google Scholar 通过 Scopus、Web of Science、MEDLINE 和 Cochrane Library 完成了文献检索。已确定的导致运动员背部问题的主要神经生理风险因素包括神经肌肉失衡、肌肉疲劳度增加、肌肉功能障碍和运动控制能力受损,而生物力学风险因素包括脊柱、脊柱骨盆和下肢运动学适应不良、轴向力量和髋关节旋转运动范围的侧向失衡、脊柱超负荷和运动模式缺陷。然而,大多数研究集中于腰部的背痛,而对胸椎和颈椎问题的关注较少。对这一主题进行研究的运动范围相对较小。对核心肌肉高度参与举重或躯干旋转等特定动作的运动缺乏研究。包括女性运动员和男女运动员在内的研究数量有限。除了慢性背痛患者,对有脊柱问题倾向的健康运动员进行研究也同样重要。研究人员应将实证工作的重点放在确定可改变的风险因素、预测哪些运动员有背部问题的风险,并为他们开发针对特定运动的个性化评估工具和有针对性的预防策略上。本综述使用开放科学框架注册表(https://osf.io/ha5n7)注册。
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引用次数: 0
Responsiveness of functional performance and muscle strength, power, and size to resistance training: A systematic review 功能表现以及肌肉力量、功率和大小对阻力训练的反应:系统回顾
Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2023.12.003
Tomé Edson dos Reis Moda , Ricardo Borges Viana , Rayra Khalinka Neves Dias , Eduardo Macedo Penna , Victor Silveira Coswig

There is a recent and growing interest in assessing differential responders to resistance training (RT) for diverse outcomes. Thus, the individual ability to respond to an intervention for a specific measurement, called responsiveness, remains to be better understood. Thus, the current study aimed to summarize the available information about the effects of RT on functional performance and muscle strength, power, and size in healthy adults, through the prevalence rate in different responsiveness classifications models. A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, CRD42021265378). PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Embase databases were systematically searched in October 2023. A total of 13 studies were included, totaling 921 subjects. Only two studies presented a low risk of bias. Regarding the effectiveness of RT, the prevalence rate for non-responders ranged from 0% to 44% for muscle strength, from 0% to 84% for muscle size, and from 0% to 42% for functional performance, while for muscle power, the only study found showed a responsiveness rate of 37%. In conclusion, a wide range of differential responders is described for all variables investigated. However, the evidence summarized in this systematic review suggested some caution while interpreting the findings, since the body of evidence found seems to be incipient, and widely heterogeneous in methodological and statistical aspects.

最近,人们对评估阻力训练(RT)不同反应者的不同结果越来越感兴趣。因此,人们仍需更好地了解个人对特定测量干预的反应能力,即反应性。因此,本研究旨在通过不同反应性分类模型中的流行率,总结有关阻力训练对健康成年人功能表现和肌肉力量、功率和尺寸影响的现有信息。研究根据系统综述和元分析首选报告项目(PRISMA)进行了系统综述,并在国际系统综述前瞻性注册中心(PROSPERO,CRD42021265378)进行了注册。2023 年 10 月,对 PubMed/MEDLINE、Scopus 和 Embase 数据库进行了系统检索。共纳入 13 项研究,受试者总数为 921 人。只有两项研究的偏倚风险较低。关于 RT 的有效性,肌肉力量方面的无应答率从 0% 到 44%,肌肉大小方面的无应答率从 0% 到 84%,功能表现方面的无应答率从 0% 到 42%,而在肌肉力量方面,唯一发现的研究显示有应答率为 37%。总之,在所有调查变量中,差异反应者的范围很广。然而,本系统综述中总结的证据表明,在解释研究结果时需要谨慎,因为所发现的证据似乎刚刚起步,而且在方法学和统计学方面存在很大差异。
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引用次数: 0
Protein expression changes in Tibetan middle-to-long distance runners after the transition from high altitude to low altitude: Implications for enhancing endurance training 西藏中长跑运动员从高海拔向低海拔过渡后蛋白质表达的变化:加强耐力训练的意义
IF 2.3 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2023.12.005

The study aims to investigate the differences in protein expressions in Xizang's (Tibetan) middle-to-long distance runners after the transition from high altitude to low altitude and reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying their enhanced middle-to-long distance running performance. In the study, eleven subjects were selected from native Tibetan middle-to-long distance runners to participate in an 8-week pre-competition exercise training program consisting of a 6-week training stage in Kangding City at an altitude of 2 560 meters (m) and a subsequent 2-week training stage in Leshan City at an altitude of 360 ​m. Blood samples were collected twice from the runners before beginning altitude exercise training in Kangding and after going to sea level - Leshan City. Using a label-free quantitative method, peptides in the samples were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Proteomic analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed proteins and predict their biological functions. A total of 846 proteins were identified in the 21 samples, including 719 quantified proteins. In total, 49 significantly differentially expressed proteins (p ​< ​0.05) were identified, including twenty-eight 0.2-fold up-regulated proteins or twenty-one 0.17-fold down-regulated proteins. The up-regulated proteins, including cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and carbonic anhydrase I (CAI), were of particular interest due to their role in regulating the oxygen saturation in deep tissues. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated that these proteins were mainly involved in regulating actin cytoskeleton, local adhesion, biotin absorption and metabolism, immune system, cancer, and membrane transport processes. In conclusion, Tibetan middle-to-long distance runners who resided in high-altitude areas benefited from repeated plateau-plain alternate training mode during the pre-competition period. The training mode induced positive changes in peripheral blood plasma proteins (CFTR and CAI), the biomarkers associated with aerobic capacity. Among the 11 runners, one female athlete won the gold medal in the 3 000-m running event in this competition, demonstrating that the plateau-plain alternate training mode could enhance the aerobic capacity of athletes.

本研究旨在探讨西藏中长跑运动员从高海拔向低海拔过渡后蛋白质表达的差异,并揭示其提高中长跑成绩的分子机制。研究从西藏本土中长跑运动员中选取了11名受试者参加为期8周的赛前运动训练计划,包括在海拔2 560米的康定市进行为期6周的训练,以及随后在海拔360米的乐山市进行为期2周的训练。在康定市开始高海拔运动训练之前和到乐山市海平面之后,对跑步者进行了两次血液样本采集。采用无标记定量方法,对样本中的肽进行了质谱分析。通过蛋白质组分析,确定了不同表达的蛋白质,并预测了它们的生物学功能。21 个样本中共鉴定出 846 个蛋白质,其中 719 个为定量蛋白质。共鉴定出 49 个明显差异表达的蛋白质(p < 0.05),包括 28 个上调 0.2 倍或 21 个下调 0.17 倍的蛋白质。上调蛋白包括囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节因子(CFTR)和碳酸酐酶 I(CAI),由于它们在调节深部组织的氧饱和度方面的作用,这些蛋白尤其引人关注。京都基因组百科全书》(KEGG)通路分析表明,这些蛋白质主要参与调节肌动蛋白细胞骨架、局部粘附、生物素吸收和代谢、免疫系统、癌症和膜运输过程。总之,居住在高海拔地区的藏族中长跑运动员在赛前反复进行的高原-平原交替训练模式中获益匪浅。这种训练模式引起了外周血血浆蛋白(CFTR 和 CAI)的积极变化,而这两种蛋白是与有氧能力相关的生物标志物。在 11 名参赛选手中,有一名女运动员获得了本次比赛 3 000 米跑步项目的金牌,这表明高原平原交替训练模式可提高运动员的有氧能力。
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引用次数: 0
Electrocardiographic characteristics of pediatric and adolescent football players 儿童和青少年足球运动员的心电图特征
Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2023.12.004
Maria Doumparatzi, Panagiota Sotiriou, Asterios Deligiannis, Evangelia Kouidi

Electrocardiographic characteristics of children and adolescents present differences compared to adults. The aim of our work was to study electrocardiograms (ECGs) of football male players from childhood to late adolescence and examine if the ECG parameters are influenced by systematic exercise. One thousand fifty-four football players participated and formed four groups. Group A included 89 players aged 5–7 years, group B 353 players aged 8–11 years, group C consisted of 355 football players 12-15 yearsold and group D of 257 players with 16–18 years of age. All participants underwent preparticipation screening, including 12-lead surface ECG. Heart rate (HR), PR, RR, QRS, QT, QTc intervals, QT dispersion (QTdisp) and QRS axis were calculated. All ECGs were evaluated according to the current preparticipation cardiac screening guidelines, that refer to athletes aged 12–35 years and do not include pediatric players. Eleven percent of the participants presented an ECG finding. Group D obtained the lowest values of HR, QTc and the highest of PR, RR, QRS, QT intervals and QTdisp, whereas no differences in QRS axis were reported. Incomplete Right Bandle Branch Block (RBBB) was the most frequent ECG peculiarity, detected in 7.3% of the participants. Years of training were statistically significantly correlated to HR, PR, RR, QRS and QT intervals. In conclusion, guidelines for ECG interpretation of athletes in childhood, early and late adolescence are needed.

儿童和青少年的心电图特征与成年人相比存在差异。我们的工作旨在研究足球男运动员从童年到青春期后期的心电图,并研究心电图参数是否会受到系统锻炼的影响。154 名足球运动员参加了这项研究,并组成了四个小组。A 组包括 89 名 5-7 岁的球员,B 组包括 353 名 8-11 岁的球员,C 组包括 355 名 12-15 岁的足球运动员,D 组包括 257 名 16-18 岁的球员。所有参与者都接受了赛前检查,包括 12 导联表面心电图。计算了心率(HR)、PR、RR、QRS、QT、QTc 间期、QT 离散(QTdisp)和 QRS 轴。所有心电图都是根据现行的参赛前心脏筛查指南进行评估的,该指南适用于 12-35 岁的运动员,不包括儿童运动员。11%的参赛者出现了心电图异常。D 组的心率和 QTc 值最低,PR、RR、QRS、QT 间期和 QTdisp 值最高,而 QRS 轴无差异。不完全右束支传导阻滞(RBBB)是最常见的心电图特征,在 7.3% 的参与者中发现。培训年限与心率、PR、RR、QRS 和 QT 间期在统计学上有显著相关性。总之,需要为儿童期、青春期早期和晚期的运动员制定心电图解读指南。
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引用次数: 0
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Sports Medicine and Health Science
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