Sports Medicine and Health Science最新文献_第6页

24-h movement guidelines and its association with health-related physical fitness in Brazilian adolescents 巴西青少年 24 小时运动指南及其与健康相关体能的关系

IF 2.3 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine and Health Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2024.12.003

Jean Carlos Parmigiani De Marco , Tiago Rodrigues de Lima , André de Araújo Pinto , Javier Brazo-Sayavera , Andreia Pelegrini

Purpose

To examine the link between adherence to 24-h movement guidelines (isolated and combined) and muscular strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, and obesity indicators in Brazilian adolescents.

Methods

Data from 980 adolescents (14–19 years) in Florianópolis, Brazil, were analyzed. The dependent variables were body mass index (BMI), body fat, handgrip strength (HGS), maximal oxygen consumption (

\dot{V}

O_2max). The independent variables were physical activity (PA, IPAQ), screen time (ST), sleep (bedtime, wake-up time). Compliance was calculated for each behavior and combinations. Multiple linear regression models were employed.

Results

Overall compliance: 4.1% (boys), 4.9% (girls). Positive associations were found between PA adherence and HGS/

\dot{V}

O_2max in both sexes, ST adherence and

\dot{V}

O_2max, and adherence to all three guidelines and

\dot{V}

O_2max. Girls showed positive associations between combined PA + sleep adherence and HGS, ST + sleep and

\dot{V}

O_2max, and negative associations between adherence to two guidelines and BMI. Boys exhibited a negative association between PA and body fat, positive between ST and HGS, and positive/negative between combined PA + ST adherence and HGS/body fat. Moreover, adherence to all three guidelines associated positively with HGS.

Conclusion

Adhering to 24-h movement guidelines, alone or in combination, benefits muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness in Brazilian adolescents. However, simultaneous adherence did not correlate with obesity indicators.

目的研究巴西青少年坚持24小时运动指南（单独和联合）与肌肉力量、心肺健康和肥胖指标之间的联系。方法对巴西Florianópolis 980名14-19岁青少年的数据进行分析。因变量为身体质量指数（BMI）、体脂、握力（HGS）、最大耗氧量（V˙O2max）。自变量为体力活动（PA， IPAQ），屏幕时间（ST），睡眠（就寝时间，起床时间）。计算每个行为和组合的依从性。采用多元线性回归模型。结果总体依从性：男生为4.1%，女生为4.9%。两性的PA依从性与HGS/ V˙O2max呈正相关，ST依从性与V˙O2max呈正相关，三项指南的依从性与V˙O2max呈正相关。女孩的PA +睡眠依从性与HGS呈正相关，ST +睡眠依从性与V˙O2max呈正相关，而两种指南的依从性与BMI呈负相关。男孩PA与体脂呈负相关，ST与HGS呈正相关，PA + ST联合依从性与HGS/体脂呈正相关/负相关。此外，遵守所有三个指南与HGS呈正相关。结论坚持24小时运动指南，单独或联合，有益于巴西青少年的肌肉力量和心肺健康。然而，同时坚持服药与肥胖指标无关。

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引用次数: 0

Beyond physical exhaustion: Understanding overtraining syndrome through the lens of molecular mechanisms and clinical manifestation 超越体力衰竭：从分子机制和临床表现的角度理解过度训练综合征

IF 2.3 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine and Health Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2025.01.006

Ondrej Fiala, Michaela Hanzlova, Lenka Borska, Zdenek Fiala, Drahomira Holmannova

Background

Overtraining Syndrome (OTS) is a condition resulting from excessive physical activity without adequate recovery, predominantly affecting elite athletes and military personnel. While overreaching can be a temporary state, non-functional overreaching may progress to chronic OTS. This review explores various hypotheses regarding the pathogenesis of OTS, including glycogen depletion, dysregulated cytokine response, oxidative stress, and alterations in the autonomic nervous system function. It also highlights the systemic impact of OTS on multiple organ systems, immune function, and overall health, linking the condition to chronic inflammation and an increased disease susceptibility. Additionally, it addresses the role of the gut microbiome in health modulation through physical activity.

Methods

This narrative review was conducted through a structured search of peer-reviewed journal articles in databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, focusing on studies involving human participants and published in English.

Results

OTS has systemic effects on multiple organ systems, immune function, and overall health, leading to chronic inflammation and increased disease susceptibility. Athletes with OTS exhibit higher morbidity rates, influenced by factors such as sleep deprivation and stress. The review also emphasizes the role of the gut microbiome as a significant modulator of health through physical activity.

Conclusion

Balanced training and recovery are crucial for preventing OTS and maintaining optimal health and quality of life in physically active individuals. Understanding the complex pathophysiology of OTS is essential for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.

过度训练综合症（OTS）是一种由于过度体育活动而没有充分恢复而导致的疾病，主要影响精英运动员和军事人员。虽然过度伸展可能是一种暂时状态，但非功能性过度伸展可能会发展为慢性OTS。本文综述了关于OTS发病机制的各种假说，包括糖原耗竭、细胞因子反应失调、氧化应激和自主神经系统功能改变。它还强调了OTS对多器官系统、免疫功能和整体健康的全身性影响，将这种疾病与慢性炎症和疾病易感性增加联系起来。此外，它还通过身体活动解决了肠道微生物组在健康调节中的作用。方法：本文通过对PubMed、Web of Science和b谷歌Scholar等数据库中同行评议的期刊文章进行结构化搜索，重点关注涉及人类参与者并以英文发表的研究。结果sots对多器官系统、免疫功能和整体健康具有全身性影响，导致慢性炎症和疾病易感性增加。由于睡眠不足和压力等因素的影响，OTS运动员的发病率较高。该综述还强调了肠道微生物组通过身体活动作为健康的重要调节剂的作用。结论平衡的训练和恢复对预防OTS和维持最佳健康和生活质量至关重要。了解OTS复杂的病理生理机制对于制定有效的预防和治疗策略至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Observed relationships between nap practices, executive function, and developmental outcomes in Tunisian childcare centers 观察突尼斯托儿中心的午睡实践、执行功能和发展结果之间的关系

IF 2.3 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine and Health Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2024.08.001

Mohamed-Amine Ltifi , Kar Hau Chong , Ghaith Ben-Bouzaiene , Anthony D. Okely , Mohamed-Souhaiel Chelly

The objective of this design was to conduct an observational study comparing anthropometric characteristics, cognitive functions, as well as gross and fine motor skills. The study included 118 preschool-aged children (47 boys, 71 girls) enrolled in childcare centers. They were categorized into two groups based on their nap habits. The nap group comprised 59 children (23 boys, 36 girls), age (mean ± standard deviation) ([3.96 ± 0.54] years) who took naps after lunch, while the no-nap group included 59 children (24 boys, 35 girls) age (mean ± standard deviation) ([4.18 ± 0.61] years) who remained awake during this period. The results showed that the napping group had significantly higher scores for body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.000 1), height-for-age z score (HAZ) (p = 0.003), and higher BAZ (BMI-for-age z score) scores (p < 0.000 1), compared to the No-nap group. In terms of cognitive function, the study revealed that the napping group had better working memory performance compared to the No-nap group (p = 0.002), but no significant impact on inhibition was observed. The results also showed that taking a nap may improve functional mobility (p = 0.003) and upper body strength (p = 0.026) especially in boys. Future research could investigate the long-term effects of inadequate nap time on children's health and development and also develop and evaluate interventions to improve nap time habits in preschool children.

本设计的目的是进行一项观察性研究，比较人体测量特征、认知功能以及粗大和精细运动技能。该研究包括118名学龄前儿童（47名男孩，71名女孩）在托儿中心登记。根据他们的午睡习惯，他们被分为两组。午睡组包括59名儿童（男孩23名，女孩36名），年龄（平均±标准差）（[3.96±0.54]岁）在午餐后小睡，而不午睡组包括59名儿童（男孩24名，女孩35名）年龄（平均±标准差）（[4.18±0.61]岁）在此期间保持清醒。结果显示，午睡组的身体质量指数（BMI）得分显著高于对照组(p <；0.000 1)，身高-年龄z评分（HAZ）（p = 0.003）， BAZ （bmi -年龄z评分）得分较高(p <；0.000 1)，与不午睡组相比。在认知功能方面，研究发现午睡组的工作记忆表现优于不午睡组（p = 0.002），但在抑制方面没有明显影响。结果还表明，午睡可以改善功能活动能力（p = 0.003）和上肢力量（p = 0.026），特别是在男孩中。未来的研究可以探讨午睡时间不足对儿童健康和发育的长期影响，并制定和评估改善学龄前儿童午睡习惯的干预措施。

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引用次数: 0

Correlation between daily physical activity and intestinal microbiota in perimenopausal women 围绝经期妇女每日体力活动与肠道微生物群之间的相关性

IF 2.3 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine and Health Science

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2024.02.005

Yanqiu Zheng , Junyu Ke , JinBin Song , Xuyu Li , Rongman Kuang , Haiyan Wang , Shuang Li , Yanwu Li

This study aimed to examine the correlation between daily physical activity levels and gut microbiota during the perimenopausal period. To explore the physiopathological traits of perimenopause women, and provide a theoretical basis for the development of menopause exercise intervention program. In this study, daily physical activity was assessed using the ActiGraph wGT3X-BT wearable sensor, and 16S rRNA sequencing was employed to analyze gut microbiota diversity and composition. Comparative analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between physical activity and specific phyla and genera in the gut microbiota, comparing perimenopausal women to youth women. The results showed perimenopausal women exhibited significantly lower levels of daily physical activity, including Kcals, metabolic equivalents (METs), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), compared to youth women. The composition of the gut microbiota was markedly different between the two groups. Specifically, the abundance of Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Nitrospirae, and Gemmatimonadetes were lower at the phylum level (p < 0.01). Collinsella, Ruminococcus gnavus, Rothia, Haemophilus, Sphingomonas, Lactobacillales, and Lactococcus were lower at the genus level, while Phascolarctobacterium, Paraprevotella, Acinetobacter, Flavonifractor, and Intestinimonas exhibited a significant increase (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between Chloroflexi or Sphingomonas and physical activity (kcals, METs, and MVPA), while a negative correlation was found between Intestinimonas and physical activity (METs: p < 0.01, and MVPA: p < 0.05). Doubtlessly, the perimenopausal period is associated with lower levels of physical activity and distinct changes in gut microbiota. Sphingomonas may serve as a sensitive bacterium closely linked to physical activity.

本研究旨在检查围绝经期每日体力活动水平与肠道微生物群之间的相关性。探讨围绝经期妇女的生理病理特征，为制定绝经期运动干预方案提供理论依据。在本研究中，使用ActiGraph wgt3g - bt可穿戴传感器评估日常体力活动，并使用16S rRNA测序分析肠道微生物群的多样性和组成。对围绝经期妇女和青年妇女进行了比较分析，以评估体力活动与肠道微生物群中特定门和属之间的关系。结果显示，与年轻女性相比，围绝经期女性表现出明显较低的日常身体活动水平，包括卡路里、代谢当量（METs）和中等到剧烈的身体活动（MVPA）。两组的肠道菌群组成有显著差异。具体而言，在门水平上，酸杆菌、氯霉素、硝基螺旋菌和双胞杆菌的丰度较低(p <；0.01)。属水平上Collinsella、瘤胃球菌、rothyia、Haemophilus、鞘氨单胞菌、Lactobacillales和乳球菌数量较低，而Phascolarctobacterium、Paraprevotella、Acinetobacter、黄酮因子和肠子单胞菌数量显著增加(p <；0.05, p <；0.01)。此外，Chloroflexi或鞘氨单胞菌与身体活动（kcal， METs和MVPA）呈正相关，而肠单胞菌与身体活动(METs: p <；0.01, MVPA: p <；0.05)。毫无疑问，围绝经期与较低的体力活动水平和肠道微生物群的明显变化有关。鞘氨单胞菌可能是一种与身体活动密切相关的敏感细菌。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanisms of muscle repair after peripheral nerve injury by electrical stimulation combined with blood flow restriction training 电刺激联合限血训练对周围神经损伤后肌肉修复的机制

IF 2.3 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine and Health Science

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2024.10.002

Xiaolei Chu , Jiaojiao Sun , Jiajia Liang , Wenjie Liu , Zheng Xing , Qi Li , Qingwen Li

This review elucidates the impact of electrical stimulation (ES) and blood flow restriction (BFR) training on muscle function. ES induces a transformation in muscle fibers type by rearranging myosin heavy chain isoform patterns. Additionally, it influences muscle protein synthesis and degradation through specific signaling pathways such as protein kinase B/mechanistic target of rapamycin (Akt/mTOR), as well as via autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system, thereby effectively maintaining muscle mass. BFR, on the other hand, restricts muscle blood flow, leading to metabolic products accumulation and localized hypoxia, which not only promotes the recruitment of fast-twitch fibers but also activates the mTOR signaling pathway, enhancing muscle protein synthesis. The combination of ES and BFR synergistically facilitates muscle protein synthesis through the mTOR pathway, thereby accelerating the recovery of muscle function following peripheral nerve injury.

本文综述了电刺激（ES）和血流限制（BFR）训练对肌肉功能的影响。ES通过重新排列肌球蛋白重链异构体模式诱导肌纤维类型的转变。此外，它还通过蛋白激酶B/雷帕霉素机制靶点（Akt/mTOR）等特定信号通路，以及自噬和泛素-蛋白酶体系统影响肌肉蛋白的合成和降解，从而有效地维持肌肉质量。另一方面，BFR限制肌肉血流，导致代谢产物积累和局部缺氧，这不仅促进了快肌纤维的募集，还激活了mTOR信号通路，增强了肌肉蛋白质的合成。ES与BFR联合作用，通过mTOR通路协同促进肌肉蛋白合成，从而加速周围神经损伤后肌肉功能的恢复。

引用次数: 0

Future risk of falls induced by ankle-foot sprains history: An observational and mendelian randomization study 踝足扭伤史引发的未来跌倒风险：一项观察性和孟德尔随机化研究。

IF 2.3 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine and Health Science

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2024.05.002

Xiao'ao Xue , Weichu Tao , Qianru Li , Yi Li , Yiran Wang , Le Yu , Xicheng Gu , Tian Xia , Rong Lu , Ru Wang , He Wang , Yinghui Hua

Background

Ankle-foot sprains are the most common musculoskeletal injuries, which can impair balance and theoretically increase the risk of falls, but still, there is a lack of evidence supporting the direct association between ankle-foot sprains and the future risk of falls.

Methods

UK Biobank cohort was utilized to measure the association between ankle-foot sprains and fall risk with covariates adjusted. Then, the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was applied based on the genetically predicated ankle-foot sprains from FinnGen to validate causal relationship. Finally, genetically predicated cerebellar neuroimaging features were used to explore the mediating role of maladaptive neuroplasticity between ankle-foot sprains and falls by two-step MR analyses.

Results

Patients with ankle-foot sprains history exhibited a slightly increased risk of falls than the matched controls before and after adjustment for covariates (odd ratio [OR] ranged from 1.632 to 1.658). Two-sample MR analysis showed that ankle-foot sprains led to a higher risk of falls (OR = 1.036) and a lower fractional anisotropy of superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP) (left, β = −0.052; right, β = −0.053). A trend of mediating effect was observed for the fractional anisotropy of right SCP in the causal effects of ankle-foot sprains on falls (β = 0.003).

Conclusion

The history of ankle-foot sprains is associated with a slightly increased risk of falls. These findings improve our understanding of the clinical consequences of ankle-foot sprains in terms of fall risk and suggest the importance of adopting more efficient strategies for managing residual functional deficits after the injuries.

踝关节扭伤是最常见的肌肉骨骼损伤，它会损害平衡，理论上会增加跌倒的风险，但是，仍然缺乏证据支持踝关节扭伤与未来跌倒风险之间的直接联系。方法采用suk Biobank队列方法，通过调整协变量，测量踝关节扭伤与跌倒风险的相关性。然后，基于FinnGen的遗传预测踝足扭伤，应用双样本孟德尔随机化（MR）分析来验证因果关系。最后，通过两步磁共振分析，利用遗传预测的小脑神经影像学特征来探索踝足扭伤和跌倒之间神经可塑性不良的中介作用。结果在协变量调整前后，有踝关节-足部扭伤史的患者跌倒风险略高于对照组（奇比[OR]范围为1.632 ~ 1.658）。双样本MR分析显示，踝关节-足部扭伤导致较高的跌倒风险（OR = 1.036）和较低的小脑上脚（SCP）各向异性分数(左，β =−0.052；对，β = - 0.053)。右SCP分数各向异性在踝关节-足部扭伤对跌倒的因果效应中有中介作用的趋势（β = 0.003）。结论踝关节-足部扭伤史与跌倒风险略有增加相关。这些发现提高了我们对踝关节-足部扭伤在跌倒风险方面的临床后果的理解，并建议采用更有效的策略来管理损伤后残余功能缺陷的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

IF 2.3 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine and Health Science

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2024.07.001

Guilherme Corrêa de Araújo Moury Fernandes , Ewerton Borges de Souza Lima , Paulo Henrique Schmidt Lara , Ana Camila de Castro Gandolfi , Jorge Roberto Pagura , Gustavo Gonçalves Arliani , Moisés Cohen

This study aimed to investigate the incidence and other significant features of craniomaxillofacial trauma (CMFT), particularly Sport-Related Concussion (SRC), among professional soccer players from two major leagues in Brazil. This is a prospective epidemiological study which assessed two divisions of the national championship and large regional one over four seasons. Data were gathered from soccer clubs and their medical staff using two online forms. Data related to players (age and position) and injuries (diagnosis, type, body location, laterality, field location, tests performed, need for surgery, time lost in sports, and recurrence) were collected. Between 2016 and 2019, a total of 15 seasons, comprising 3 828 matches and 126 324 hours (h) of gameplay, were analyzed. A total of 299 CMFT cases were reported, with a median incidence of 2.37 per 1 000 h of play. Among them, there were 178 head and 121 face traumas, which led to 87 SRC (representing 29.10% of all CMFT), with an incidence of 0.69. Defensive midfielders (14.43%) and goalkeepers (14.00%) had the highest prevalence rates of CMFT. Only 3.68% of the injuries, mostly lacerations and fractures, required surgical treatment. This study identified that the average time lost in sports due to SRC was 5.12 days, with a recurrence rate of 12.71%. SRC are a frequent consequence of CMFT in Brazilian professional soccer. Although most cases are mild, there is a high recurrence rate, which may have long-term implications.

本研究旨在调查巴西两个主要联赛的职业足球运动员颅颌面外伤（CMFT）的发生率和其他重要特征，特别是运动相关脑震荡（SRC）。这是一项前瞻性流行病学研究，评估了四个赛季中全国锦标赛和大型地区锦标赛的两个部门。数据是通过两种在线表格从足球俱乐部及其医务人员那里收集的。收集与球员（年龄和位置）和损伤（诊断、类型、身体位置、侧边、场地位置、进行的测试、手术需求、运动中损失的时间和复发）相关的数据。在2016年至2019年期间，共分析了15个赛季，包括3828场比赛和126 324小时的游戏时间。报告了299例CMFT病例，中位发病率为每1000小时2.37例。其中头部外伤178例，面部外伤121例，导致SRC 87例（占全部CMFT的29.10%），发生率为0.69。防守中场球员（14.43%）和守门员（14.00%）的CMFT患病率最高。只有3.68%的损伤需要手术治疗，主要是撕裂伤和骨折。本研究发现，SRC导致的平均运动时间损失为5.12天，复发率为12.71%。SRC是巴西职业足球中CMFT的常见后果。虽然大多数病例是轻微的，但复发率高，这可能有长期的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Combined effects of Tai-Chi gait with mediolateral ground support perturbation on dynamic balance control 太极步态与内外侧地面支撑扰动对动态平衡控制的综合影响

IF 2.3 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine and Health Science

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2024.07.002

Jacob Smith , Troilyn Jackson , Wei Liu , Jonathan Gelfond , Hao-Yuan Hsiao

Tai-Chi (TC) is a broadly used exercise that appeared to decrease the risk of falls. However, biomechanical mechanisms underlying the reduced fall risks following TC exercise remain unclear and hinder the ability to optimize TC intervention to target specific balance deficit disorders. In addition, combining TC gait exercise with ground support perturbation may be a viable approach to further challenge balance control compared to TC gait alone. The purpose of this study was to compare dynamic stability and limb support force production during comfortable walking speed (CWS), TC gait, and TC gait with medial (MED) and lateral (LAT) ground support perturbations in older and younger adults. Ten older adults and ten younger adults performed CWS, TC gait, LAT, and MED. Conditions involving TC gait showed decreased margin of stability (MoS) (main effect of condition, p < 0.01) and increased vertical force impulse compared to CWS (p < 0.01). Medial ground support perturbation induced the smallest MoS among all conditions. Older adults showed increased MoS compared to younger adults (p < 0.01). These findings provided insight into how key balance control characteristics are modulated during TC exercise and indicate that combining ground support perturbation with TC may further challenge dynamic stability.

太极拳（TC）是一种广泛使用的运动，似乎可以降低跌倒的风险。然而，降低TC运动后跌倒风险的生物力学机制尚不清楚，并阻碍了优化TC干预以针对特定平衡缺陷障碍的能力。此外，与单独的TC步态相比，将TC步态运动与地面支撑扰动相结合可能是进一步挑战平衡控制的可行方法。本研究的目的是比较老年人和年轻人在舒适步行速度（CWS）、TC步态和具有内侧（MED）和外侧（LAT）地面支持扰动的TC步态时的动态稳定性和肢体支配力产生。10名老年人和10名年轻人进行了CWS、TC步态、LAT和MED测试。涉及TC步态的条件显示稳定裕度（MoS）下降(条件的主要影响，p <；0.01)，与CWS相比垂直力冲量增加(p <；0.01)。在所有条件下，中间地面支撑扰动引起的最小最小损失。与年轻人相比，老年人的MoS增加(p <；0.01)。这些发现揭示了关键平衡控制特性在TC运动中是如何被调节的，并表明地面支撑扰动与TC的结合可能进一步挑战动态稳定性。

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引用次数: 0

Physical activity, exercise, and mental health of healthy adolescents: A review of the last 5 years 健康青少年的身体活动、锻炼和心理健康：近5年综述

IF 2.3 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine and Health Science

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2024.10.003

Eva Ruiz-Ranz , Iván Asín-Izquierdo

The mental health of adolescents is a priority for successful development. Physical activity (PA) and exercise can have effects on the mental health of adolescents. This review analysed the effect that physical exercise interventions can have on the mental health of healthy adolescents between 10 and 19 years of age. The search was carried out in four databases. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and SportDiscuss, were searched up to December 31, 2022, following the general model. Eleven studies were selected, with a total sample of 23 681 participants in 2 435 studies published in the last 5 years involving healthy adolescents. The search process and review of the articles was performed by independent expert investigators. The risk-of-bias and the methodological quality were analysed using the Cochrane scale. The limited and heterogeneous studies conducted so far do not clearly establish the benefits of PA on adolescents’ mental health. However, some PA interventions seem to improve subjective well-being, self-esteem, physical and mental well-being, anxiety, lifestyle, emotional intelligence, depressive mood, and perceived benefit and confidence in healthy adolescents. It is important to design an effective and appropriate physical exercise programme that can be implemented for adolescents to achieve significant effects on their mental health. Studies that did not implement an appropriate exercise program with improvements in adolescent physical fitness showed no changes in psychological variables. Further research is needed to clearly establish that exercise programmes have positive effects on mental health in healthy adolescents.

青少年的心理健康是成功发展的优先事项。体育活动（PA）和运动可以对青少年的心理健康产生影响。这篇综述分析了体育锻炼干预对10 - 19岁健康青少年心理健康的影响。在四个数据库中进行了搜索。PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus和SportDiscuss的检索截止到2022年12月31日，遵循一般模式。选择了11项研究，在过去5年发表的涉及健康青少年的2435项研究中，总共有23681名参与者。文章的检索过程和审查由独立的专家调查员进行。使用Cochrane量表分析偏倚风险和方法学质量。迄今为止进行的有限和异质性的研究并没有清楚地确定PA对青少年心理健康的益处。然而，一些PA干预似乎改善了健康青少年的主观幸福感、自尊、身心健康、焦虑、生活方式、情商、抑郁情绪以及感知利益和信心。重要的是要设计一项有效和适当的体育锻炼方案，可以为青少年实施，以对他们的心理健康产生重大影响。没有实施适当的锻炼计划以改善青少年身体健康的研究显示，心理变量没有变化。需要进一步的研究来明确确定运动方案对健康青少年的心理健康有积极影响。

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引用次数: 0

Affective valence predictors from real-world based short sprint interval training 从基于真实世界的短跑间歇训练中预测情感价位

IF 2.3 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Sports Medicine and Health Science

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2024.07.003

Stefano Benítez-Flores , Flávio A. de S. Castro , Eduardo Caldas Costa , Daniel Boullosa , Todd A. Astorino

Affective valence is typically positive at exercise intensities below the lactate threshold, yet more aversive responses occur at supra-threshold intensities. Nevertheless, the physiological and psychological predictors of affective valence during supramaximal intensities including short sprint interval training (sSIT) have not yet been elucidated. Seventeen (7 women/10 men) moderately active young adults (age = [28.2 ± 5.6] years;

\dot{V}

O_2max [maximum oxygen consumption] = [52.9 ± 8.1] mL·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹; BMI [body mass index] = [24 ± 2] kg·m⁻²) completed four low-volume running sSIT sessions (10 × 4 s efforts with 30 s of passive recovery). We recorded participants’ heart rate (HR), root mean square of successive differences of normal RR intervals (RMSSD), heart rate recovery (HRR), ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), feeling scale (FS), intention and self-efficacy during, and after each session. Overall, no significant correlation (p > 0.05) was found between FS and baseline clinical outcomes. No significant correlation (p > 0.05) was detected between FS and any training parameter. No significant correlations were noted between FS and exercise task self-efficacy and intentions (p > 0.05). The regression model was significant (F_3,61 = 5.57; p = 0.002) and only three variables significantly entered the generated model: ΔHRR_{end-120s end} (p = 0.002; VIF = 2.58; 40.8%), time ≥ 90% HR_peak (p = 0.001; VIF = 1.26; 31.6%), and RMSSD_end (p = 0.025; VIF = 2.23; 27.6%). These findings suggest that HR-based measures, particularly those related to in-task stress (time ≥ 90% HR_peak) and acute recovery (ΔHRR_{end-120s end}, and RMSSD_end), may predict affective valence during real-world sSIT.

在低于乳酸阈值的运动强度下，情感效价通常是积极的，而在超过阈值的强度下，会出现更多的厌恶反应。然而，在包括短冲刺间歇训练（sSIT）在内的超极大强度期间，情感效价的生理和心理预测因素尚未得到阐明。17例（7名女性/10名男性）中度运动青年(年龄=[28.2±5.6]岁；V˙O2max(最大耗氧量)=(52.9±8.1)毫升·公斤−1·敏−1;BMI[体重指数]=[24±2]kg·m−2)完成4次小容量sSIT运动（10 × 4 s努力，30 s被动恢复）。我们记录了参与者的心率（HR）、正常RR间隔（RMSSD）连续差异的均方根、心率恢复（HRR）、感知运动评分（RPE）、感觉量表（FS）、意图和自我效能感在每次训练期间和之后。总体而言，无显著相关性(p >；FS与基线临床结果之间存在0.05)。无显著相关性(p >；FS与任何训练参数之间均存在0.05)。FS与运动任务自我效能感和意图之间无显著相关(p >；0.05)。回归模型显著(F3,61 = 5.57；p = 0.002)，只有三个变量显著进入生成的模型：ΔHRRend-120s end (p = 0.002；vif = 2.58；40.8%)，时间≥90% HRpeak (p = 0.001；vif = 1.26；31.6%), RMSSDend (p = 0.025；vif = 2.23；27.6%)。这些发现表明，基于hr的测量，特别是与任务内压力（时间≥90% HRpeak）和急性恢复（ΔHRRend-120s end和rmssend）相关的测量，可以预测真实sSIT期间的情感效价。

{"title":"Affective valence predictors from real-world based short sprint interval training","authors":"Stefano Benítez-Flores , Flávio A. de S. Castro , Eduardo Caldas Costa , Daniel Boullosa , Todd A. Astorino","doi":"10.1016/j.smhs.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smhs.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Affective valence is typically positive at exercise intensities below the lactate threshold, yet more aversive responses occur at supra-threshold intensities. Nevertheless, the physiological and psychological predictors of affective valence during supramaximal intensities including short sprint interval training (sSIT) have not yet been elucidated. Seventeen (7 women/10 men) moderately active young adults (age = [28.2 ± 5.6] years; <span><math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math></span>O<sub>2max</sub> [maximum oxygen consumption] = [52.9 ± 8.1] mL·kg<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>·min<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>; BMI [body mass index] = [24 ± 2] kg·m<sup>−</sup><sup>2</sup>) completed four low-volume running sSIT sessions (10 × 4 s efforts with 30 s of passive recovery). We recorded participants’ heart rate (HR), root mean square of successive differences of normal RR intervals (RMSSD), heart rate recovery (HRR), ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), feeling scale (FS), intention and self-efficacy during, and after each session. Overall, no significant correlation (<em>p</em> > 0.05) was found between FS and baseline clinical outcomes. No significant correlation (<em>p</em> > 0.05) was detected between FS and any training parameter. No significant correlations were noted between FS and exercise task self-efficacy and intentions (<em>p</em> > 0.05). The regression model was significant (<em>F</em><sub><em>3,61</em></sub> = 5.57; <em>p</em> = 0.002) and only three variables significantly entered the generated model: ΔHRR<sub>end-120s end</sub> (<em>p</em> = 0.002; <em>VIF</em> = 2.58; 40.8%), time ≥ 90% HR<sub>peak</sub> (<em>p</em> = 0.001; <em>VIF</em> = 1.26; 31.6%), and RMSSD<sub>end</sub> (<em>p</em> = 0.025; <em>VIF</em> = 2.23; 27.6%). These findings suggest that HR-based measures, particularly those related to in-task stress (time ≥ 90% HR<sub>peak</sub>) and acute recovery (ΔHRR<sub>end-120s end</sub>, and RMSSD<sub>end</sub>), may predict affective valence during real-world sSIT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33620,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine and Health Science","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 190-201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141850688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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