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Sputtered quaternary alloy coating of Fe4CoNiCu for solid oxide fuel cell steel interconnects application 用于固体氧化物燃料电池钢互连的 Fe4CoNiCu 溅射四元合金涂层
IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.199
Jiaxin Zhang, Shujiang Geng, Gang Chen, Fuhui Wang
A quaternary Fe4CoNiCu alloy coating is applied on SUS 430 steel substrate for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) interconnects application via magnetron sputtering technology. The oxidation behavior of the coated steels is investigated in air at 800 °C. During initial oxidation, Fe and Co in the alloy coating is oxidized preferentially, forming Fe-rich oxide. Ni is oxidized to NiO by inward diffusion of oxygen. Slight Cu diffuses to or near the surface of the oxide scale to form CuO. Some Cu reacts with Fe3O4 to form CuFeO2 inside the oxide scale. The alloy coating is thermally converted into a quaternary spinel coating of (Fe,Co,Ni,Cu)3O4 with a small quantity of CuO existing on the surface and a protective Cr2O3 layer is formed at the steel/coating interface. The (Fe,Co,Ni,Cu)3O4 spinel layer effectively inhibits the growth of Cr2O3 layer and the outward diffusion of Cr. The scale ASR is 13.08 mΩ cm2 at 800 °C after 1680 h oxidation.
通过磁控溅射技术,在用于固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)互连器件的 SUS 430 钢基板上涂覆了四价 Fe4CoNiCu 合金涂层。研究了涂层钢在 800 °C 空气中的氧化行为。在初始氧化过程中,合金涂层中的铁和钴优先被氧化,形成富含铁的氧化物。镍通过氧气的内向扩散氧化成氧化镍。少量的 Cu 扩散到氧化鳞片表面或其附近,形成 CuO。部分铜与 Fe3O4 反应,在氧化鳞片内部形成 CuFeO2。合金涂层在热作用下转化为 (Fe,Co,Ni,Cu)3O4四元尖晶石涂层,表面存在少量的 CuO,并在钢/涂层界面形成保护性 Cr2O3 层。(Fe,Co,Ni,Cu)3O4尖晶石层有效地抑制了 Cr2O3 层的生长和铬的向外扩散。在 800 °C 下氧化 1680 小时后,鳞片 ASR 为 13.08 mΩ cm2。
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引用次数: 0
Novel electrosynthesis of Co–Mn–P nanosheets as efficient, economical and stable electrode materials for hydrogen evolution reaction and urea oxidation reaction 新型电合成 Co-Mn-P 纳米片作为高效、经济、稳定的电极材料,用于氢气进化反应和尿素氧化反应
IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.150
Khursheed Muzammil , Farag M.A. Altalbawy , Dharmesh Sur , Suhas Ballal , Jacquline Tham , Ambati Vijay Kumar , Shoira Bobonazarovna Formanova , Iman Samir Alalaq , Forat H. Alsultany , Salah Hassan Zain Al-Abdeen , Marwa Alhedrawe
The electrochemical water splitting process is one of the most promising approaches for sustainable hydrogen production. Unfortunately, the slow kinetic of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the surface of the anode has prevented the highly efficient production of hydrogen. One of the useful procedures to overcome this challenge is to replace the OER process by Urea oxidation reaction (UOR). Here, Co–Mn–P nanolayer was created on the surface of CoO nanosheets by electrodeposition process and its morphology, chemical composition and electrocatalytic properties were investigated in HER and UOR processes. In optimal conditions, this electrode needed only −82 mV and 1.342 V vs RHE, for HER and UOR processes at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 respectively. In addition, this electrode demonstrated a unique activity in the two-electrode urea electrolytic cell. Significantly, a low cell voltage of 1.444 V was required at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in the urea electrolysis cell. Moreover, the studied electrode showed excellent stability in the HER and overall urea electrolysis systems. This study introduces an effective strategy for designing active and stable catalyst for energy saving hydrogen production.
电化学水分裂过程是最有希望实现可持续制氢的方法之一。遗憾的是,阳极表面缓慢的氧进化反应(OER)动力学阻碍了高效制氢。克服这一难题的有效方法之一是用尿素氧化反应(UOR)取代 OER 过程。本文通过电沉积工艺在 CoO 纳米片表面生成了 Co-Mn-P 纳米层,并研究了其在 HER 和 UOR 过程中的形态、化学成分和电催化性能。在最佳条件下,当电流密度为 10 mA cm-2 时,该电极在 HER 和 UOR 过程中的相对于 RHE 的电压分别仅为 -82 mV 和 1.342 V。此外,这种电极在双电极尿素电解池中也表现出独特的活性。值得注意的是,在尿素电解池中,电流密度为 10 mA cm-2 时需要 1.444 V 的低电池电压。此外,所研究的电极在 HER 和整个尿素电解系统中都表现出卓越的稳定性。这项研究为设计活性稳定的节能制氢催化剂提供了一种有效的策略。
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引用次数: 0
Techno-economic analysis of hydrogen production from waste plastics and storage plant in the context of Japan 日本废塑料制氢及储氢装置的技术经济分析
IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.134
Bishwash Paneru , Biplov Paneru , Sanjog Chhetri Sapkota , Dhiraj Kumar Mandal , Prem Giri
This study addresses Japan's pressing issue of plastic waste by proposing a conversion process to produce hydrogen from non-biodegradable plastics. Utilizing DWSIM software for plastic-to-hydrogen conversion and Aspen Plus for hydrogen compression, which can be stored in a Type IV cylinder, the analysis shows that a plant can generate 1,449,792 kg/year of hydrogen from various plastics, including PET, PVC, PE, PP, and PS. Operating at 600 °C and 1 bar, the facility processes 100 kg/h of plastic to yield 7.098 kg/h of hydrogen. The project's capital expenditure (CAPEX) is 143.5 million Japanese Yen, with an operational expenditure (OPEX) of 29.7 million JPY/year. The Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH) varies, with estimates of 8.874–19.82 USD/kg based on construction timelines, and sensitivity analysis and uncertainty analysis are performed to estimate the effect of various parameters on LCOH. This process holds potential for advancing sustainable development in Japan and globally, addressing both waste management and clean energy production.
本研究针对日本亟待解决的塑料垃圾问题,提出了一种利用不可降解塑料生产氢气的转化工艺。利用 DWSIM 软件进行塑料制氢转换,利用 Aspen Plus 进行氢气压缩(氢气可储存在 IV 型气瓶中),分析表明,一个工厂每年可从各种塑料(包括 PET、PVC、PE、PP 和 PS)中产生 1,449,792 公斤氢气。设备在 600 °C 和 1 bar 的条件下运行,每小时处理 100 公斤塑料,每小时产生 7.098 公斤氢气。该项目的资本支出(CAPEX)为 1.435 亿日元,运营支出(OPEX)为 2970 万日元/年。氢气的平准化成本(LCOH)不尽相同,根据建设时间表估算为 8.874-19.82 美元/千克,并进行了敏感性分析和不确定性分析,以估算各种参数对 LCOH 的影响。该工艺具有推动日本和全球可持续发展的潜力,可同时解决废物管理和清洁能源生产问题。
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引用次数: 0
Developing Schottky high-controductivity Ti3C2TX MXene/Ni2P/NF heterojunction with modulating surface electron density to boost hydrogen evolution reaction 开发具有调节表面电子密度的肖特基高导电率 Ti3C2TX MXene/Ni2P/NF 异质结,促进氢气进化反应
IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.039
Fangfang Liu , Shan Ji , Xinyu Liu , Zihao Li , Jimei Song , Hao Li , Hui Wang
Nickel-based transition metal electrocatalysts for water electrolysis are promising alternatives to precious metal based electrocatalysts, due to their high activity, low cost, and relatively high stability, offering broad prospects for application in hydrogen production via water electrolysis. Modifying nickel-based transition metal electrocatalysts with phosphorus elements and Schottky heterojunction interfaces can influence the electronic state of the metal, thus enhance the electrocatalytic performance of the catalyst. In this study, a phosphor modified nickel-based electrocatalyst, i.e. MXene/Ni2P/NF electrode material was obtained by assembling Ni2P nanosheets on a nickel foam (NF) substrate and then depositing MXene nanosheets onto the surface of Ni2P/NF via electrophoretic deposition. Water droplets can wet the interior of the electrode material within 150 ms (below the detection limit), demonstrating excellent hydrophilicity, which facilitates the wettability of the electrolyte and the adsorption/desorption of reaction intermediates. Electrochemical tests revealed that the MXene/Ni2P/NF electrode exhibits an overpotential of only 94 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, with a Tafel slope of 83.7 mV dec−1, in the hydrogen evolution reaction. The overpotential remains virtually unchanged after a 24-h stability test.
用于水电解的镍基过渡金属电催化剂具有活性高、成本低和相对较高的稳定性等优点,是贵金属电催化剂的理想替代品,在水电解制氢领域具有广阔的应用前景。用磷元素和肖特基异质结界面修饰镍基过渡金属电催化剂可以影响金属的电子状态,从而提高催化剂的电催化性能。本研究通过在泡沫镍(NF)基底上组装 Ni2P 纳米片,然后通过电泳沉积将 MXene 纳米片沉积到 Ni2P/NF 表面,得到了磷修饰的镍基电催化剂,即 MXene/Ni2P/NF 电极材料。水滴可在 150 毫秒内润湿电极材料内部(低于检测限),显示出极佳的亲水性,这有利于电解质的润湿性和反应中间产物的吸附/解吸。电化学测试表明,在氢进化反应中,MXene/Ni2P/NF 电极在电流密度为 10 mA cm-2 时的过电位仅为 94 mV,塔菲尔斜率为 83.7 mV dec-1。经过 24 小时的稳定性测试后,过电位几乎保持不变。
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引用次数: 0
Cost-effectiveness and reliability evaluation of hydrogen storage-based hybrid energy systems for unreliable grid 针对不可靠电网的储氢混合能源系统的成本效益和可靠性评估
IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.119
Akmal Irham , M.A. Hannan , Safwan A. Rahman , Pin Jern Ker , Richard TK. Wong , M.F. Roslan , R.A. Begum , Gilsoo Jang
A critical issue regarding the unreliable electricity supply in regions experiencing frequent grid outages poses significant economic and social challenges. Despite the integration of renewable energy sources like photovoltaic (PV) systems, the intermittent nature and low reliability of these resources necessitate additional energy storage solutions. The study investigates the effectiveness of various power system configurations, including PV only, PV/BES, and PV/BES/H2 systems. Using HOMER software, the study delves into investigating the impact of different outage parameters, specifically focusing on the outage durations and frequencies to the reliability and cost-effectiveness of these systems. The study analyzes how these outage parameters influence the loss of power supply probability (LPSP) and the cost of energy (COE). Three cases were being investigated in this study, which are Case 1: Varying mean outage duration (MOD) with fixed outage frequency (OF), Case 2: Varying OF with MOD and Case 3: Varying both the MOD and OF. The inclusion of H2 storage significantly reduced the LPSP in Case 1, from a range of 0.882%–2.79% in the PV/BES system to a much lower range of 0.15%–0.392%. In Case 2, the PV/BES/H2 system also markedly improved reliability, lowering the LPSP from 0.0751% to 1.28% in the PV/BES system to just 0.0279%–0.189%. The results of Case 3 demonstrate that OF has a greater impact on system reliability, as evidenced by a significantly larger rate of change in LPSP when varying OF with constant MOD compared to varying MOD with constant OF. Therefore, the inclusion of energy storage significantly enhances reliability, with the PV/BES/H2 system showing the lowest LPSP values in both cases. However, COE for the PV/BES/H2 system was higher in both cases, ranging from 0.22 to 0.326 $/kWh, compared to 0.101 to 0.156 $/kWh for the PV/BES system. This highlights the need for advancements in H2 storage technology to reduce cost. These findings underscore the critical importance of accurately sizing components to ensure a reliable and economical power supply in regions with unstable grids.
在电网频繁停电的地区,电力供应不可靠是一个关键问题,对经济和社会构成重大挑战。尽管整合了光伏(PV)系统等可再生能源,但由于这些资源的间歇性和低可靠性,需要额外的储能解决方案。本研究调查了各种电力系统配置的有效性,包括仅光伏系统、光伏/BES 系统和光伏/BES/H2 系统。利用 HOMER 软件,该研究深入探讨了不同停电参数的影响,特别是停电持续时间和频率对这些系统可靠性和成本效益的影响。研究分析了这些停电参数如何影响供电损失概率(LPSP)和能源成本(COE)。本研究调查了三种情况,分别是情况 1:平均停电时间(MOD)不同,停电频率(OF)固定;情况 2:停电时间(MOD)不同,停电频率(OF)固定;情况 3:停电时间(MOD)和停电频率(OF)均不同。在情况 1 中,加入 H2 存储后,LPSP 明显降低,从 PV/BES 系统的 0.882%-2.79% 降至更低的 0.15%-0.392% 之间。在案例 2 中,PV/BES/H2 系统也显著提高了可靠性,将 LPSP 从 PV/BES 系统的 0.0751% 到 1.28% 降低到仅 0.0279%-0.189%。案例 3 的结果表明,OF 对系统可靠性的影响更大,这表现在:在 MOD 不变的情况下改变 OF,LPSP 的变化率明显大于在 OF 不变的情况下改变 MOD。因此,加入储能可显著提高可靠性,在两种情况下,光伏/BES/H2 系统的 LPSP 值都最低。然而,两种情况下 PV/BES/H2 系统的 COE 都较高,从 0.22 到 0.326 美元/千瓦时不等,而 PV/BES 系统的 COE 为 0.101 到 0.156 美元/千瓦时。这突出表明,需要改进 H2 存储技术以降低成本。这些发现突出表明,在电网不稳定的地区,为确保可靠、经济的电力供应,准确确定组件的大小至关重要。
{"title":"Cost-effectiveness and reliability evaluation of hydrogen storage-based hybrid energy systems for unreliable grid","authors":"Akmal Irham ,&nbsp;M.A. Hannan ,&nbsp;Safwan A. Rahman ,&nbsp;Pin Jern Ker ,&nbsp;Richard TK. Wong ,&nbsp;M.F. Roslan ,&nbsp;R.A. Begum ,&nbsp;Gilsoo Jang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A critical issue regarding the unreliable electricity supply in regions experiencing frequent grid outages poses significant economic and social challenges. Despite the integration of renewable energy sources like photovoltaic (PV) systems, the intermittent nature and low reliability of these resources necessitate additional energy storage solutions. The study investigates the effectiveness of various power system configurations, including PV only, PV/BES, and PV/BES/H<sub>2</sub> systems. Using HOMER software, the study delves into investigating the impact of different outage parameters, specifically focusing on the outage durations and frequencies to the reliability and cost-effectiveness of these systems. The study analyzes how these outage parameters influence the loss of power supply probability (LPSP) and the cost of energy (COE). Three cases were being investigated in this study, which are Case 1: Varying mean outage duration (MOD) with fixed outage frequency (OF), Case 2: Varying OF with MOD and Case 3: Varying both the MOD and OF. The inclusion of H<sub>2</sub> storage significantly reduced the LPSP in Case 1, from a range of 0.882%–2.79% in the PV/BES system to a much lower range of 0.15%–0.392%. In Case 2, the PV/BES/H<sub>2</sub> system also markedly improved reliability, lowering the LPSP from 0.0751% to 1.28% in the PV/BES system to just 0.0279%–0.189%. The results of Case 3 demonstrate that OF has a greater impact on system reliability, as evidenced by a significantly larger rate of change in LPSP when varying OF with constant MOD compared to varying MOD with constant OF. Therefore, the inclusion of energy storage significantly enhances reliability, with the PV/BES/H<sub>2</sub> system showing the lowest LPSP values in both cases. However, COE for the PV/BES/H<sub>2</sub> system was higher in both cases, ranging from 0.22 to 0.326 $/kWh, compared to 0.101 to 0.156 $/kWh for the PV/BES system. This highlights the need for advancements in H<sub>2</sub> storage technology to reduce cost. These findings underscore the critical importance of accurately sizing components to ensure a reliable and economical power supply in regions with unstable grids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 1314-1328"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interfacial charge engineering of Cu-BTC derived octahedron-like CuS–C@SnO2 p-n heterojunction for boosting energy storage performance Cu-BTC 衍生的八面体类 CuS-C@SnO2 p-n 异质结的界面电荷工程,用于提高储能性能
IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.226
Yanan Chen, Yuanbo Zhao, Yanan Liu, Hongna Xing, Xiuhong Zhu, Juan Feng, Yan Zong, Chunyan Liao, Xinghua Li, Xinliang Zheng
Constructing unique interfaces is a reliable strategy for improving charge transfer kinetics of electrode materials and thus enhances their energy storage. Therefore, in this work, by using an ortho-octahedral Cu-BTC (Tricopper; benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate) to derive CuS and further anchoring SnO2 nanoparticles on its surface, a CuS–C@SnO2 p-n heterojunction with an octahedron-like structure is constructed. Benefiting from the joint influence of the novel structure and built-in electric field produced by the CuS–C@SnO2 p-n heterojunction, the CuS–C@SnO2 electrode shows a specific capacitance of 589.25 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and an excellent rate capacity of 81.4% at 10 A g−1. Particularly, the packaged CuS–C@SnO2//AC asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) represents a high energy density of 50.79 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 800.01 W kg−1 and an outstanding capacitance retention of 86.7% after 10000 cycles. In addition, by using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we further confirm that CuS–C@SnO2 p-n heterojunction has a satisfactory adsorption capacity for OH and an accelerated transfer for free electrons by the electron rearrangements at the interface, which are beneficial for CuS–C@SnO2 to enhance its storage capacity. This work provides an effective strategy for designing efficient energy storage devices.
构建独特的界面是改善电极材料电荷转移动力学从而提高其能量储存的可靠策略。因此,在这项工作中,通过使用正八面体 Cu-BTC(三铜;苯-1,3,5-三羧酸盐)衍生出 CuS,并进一步在其表面锚定 SnO2 纳米粒子,构建了具有八面体状结构的 CuS-C@SnO2 p-n 异质结。得益于新型结构和 CuS-C@SnO2 p-n 异质结产生的内置电场的共同影响,CuS-C@SnO2 电极在 1 A g-1 时的比电容为 589.25 F g-1,在 10 A g-1 时的速率容量为 81.4%。特别是,封装后的 CuS-C@SnO2/AC 不对称超级电容器(ASC)在功率密度为 800.01 W kg-1 时具有 50.79 Wh kg-1 的高能量密度,并且在 10000 次循环后具有 86.7% 的出色电容保持率。此外,通过使用密度泛函理论(DFT)计算,我们进一步证实了 CuS-C@SnO2 p-n 异质结对 OH- 具有令人满意的吸附能力,并通过界面上的电子重排加速了自由电子的转移,这有利于 CuS-C@SnO2 提高其存储容量。这项工作为设计高效储能器件提供了一种有效的策略。
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引用次数: 0
Feasibility studies of green hydrogen production using photovoltaic systems in Iran's southern coastal regions 伊朗南部沿海地区利用光伏系统生产绿色氢气的可行性研究
IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.160
Hossein Gharibvand , G.B. Gharehpetian , A. Anvari-Moghaddam
This study investigates the production of green hydrogen in the southern coastal cities of Iran, leveraging local advantages. These include the high potential for photovoltaic generation, the need for desalination power plants, and access to the sea and ports, all of which make the southern coasts of Iran favorable for green hydrogen production. However, the approach presented in this paper can also be applied to similar regions.
Initially, the optimal size of the electrolyzer for maximum hydrogen production at each location is determined. To compare the potential of these locations, the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) are calculated, and the effects of variables such as the discount rate and water price on these costs are analyzed. Unlike many existing studies, this research accurately models the impact of temperature on the techno-economic outputs of the photovoltaic power plant and electrolyzer and compares it to a scenario where the temperature effect is not considered. Additionally, the study examines the minimum power required for the electrolyzer to operate efficiently, avoiding low-efficiency operations.
The results indicate that ignoring the temperature effect leads to an overestimation of electrolyzer power and hydrogen production. The discount rate significantly impacts LCOE and LCOH, while the cost of water for hydrogen production has a negligible effect on LCOH. This is due to the higher influence of energy costs and electrolyzer investment on LCOH.
本研究调查了伊朗南部沿海城市利用当地优势生产绿色氢气的情况。这些优势包括光伏发电的巨大潜力、对海水淡化发电厂的需求以及通向海洋和港口的通道,所有这些都使伊朗南部沿海地区有利于绿色氢气的生产。不过,本文介绍的方法也可适用于类似地区。首先,确定电解槽的最佳尺寸,以便在每个地点最大限度地生产氢气。为了比较这些地点的潜力,计算了平准化能源成本(LCOE)和平准化氢成本(LCOH),并分析了贴现率和水价等变量对这些成本的影响。与许多现有研究不同的是,本研究准确地模拟了温度对光伏电站和电解槽技术经济产出的影响,并与不考虑温度影响的情况进行了比较。研究结果表明,忽略温度效应会导致高估电解槽的功率和氢气产量。贴现率对 LCOE 和 LCOH 有很大影响,而制氢用水的成本对 LCOH 的影响可以忽略不计。这是因为能源成本和电解槽投资对 LCOH 的影响更大。
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引用次数: 0
Transforming by-products into renewable energy: Biochemical analysis of anaerobic digestion of biowastes for bioreactors optimization supporting the low-carbon agroindustry 将副产品转化为可再生能源:生物废料厌氧消化的生化分析,优化生物反应器,支持低碳农业产业
IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.099
Grzegorz Przybyla , Willian Cezar Nadaleti , Jeferson Peres Gomes , Maele Costa dos Santos , Eduarda Gomes de Souza
With the expansion in agro-industrial operations there is an urgent need to solve the challenge of dealing with the products waste. Today, an overwhelming portion of this waste ends up in industrial waste disposal sites. Wherefore, anaerobic co-digestion (ACoD) emerges as an effective technique for waste treatment, being environmentally and economically viable, since a microbial community converts by-products into renewable energy in the form of biogas, with high levels of hydrogen and other gases. ACoD has proven effective in the management of organic waste from agro-industry. However, mastering the biochemistry of the process, especially when varying the mixtures of waste used, is essential for controlling biological reactors and optimizing energy production. Even though separate studies have evaluated the anaerobic digestion of rice parboiling effluent and peach processing residue, co-digestion of both are scarcely investigated. The knowledge and mastery of the process parameters using this mixture are essential to ensure effective operational control of anaerobic reactors with maximum energy generation. Therefore, this research evaluated the biogas production from ACoD of rice parboiling effluent and waste of peaches processing. The experiment followed a batch regime based on a 22-factorial arrangement. The factors used were the peach percentage in the substrate (P), which varied from 2.5 to 5%, and the substrate-inoculum ratio (S/I), which was alternated between 1.5 and 2.5 gCOD/gVSS. The average Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal efficiency of the reactors was 82.1% and, after the digestion process, the pH of the reactors remained neutral, showing that anaerobic digestion is a suitable method for treating the assessed wastes. In the analyzed proportions, the higher the peach percentage in the substrate, the lower the total methane production, whereas the S/I demonstrated the opposite effect. Reactors III (S/I = 2.5 and P = 2.5%), presented the most durable and the highest production, being the best combination of the factorial studied. Finally, it can be said that for the state of Rio Grande do Sul, the largest rice and peach producer in Brazil, ACoD of the wastes assessed in this research represents a significantly relevant option, enabling the development of the circular economy, the industrial symbiosis, and the sustainable production in the State.
随着农用工业业务的扩大,迫切需要解决处理产品废物的难题。如今,这些废物中的绝大部分都进入了工业废物处理场。因此,厌氧协同消化(ACoD)成为一种有效的废物处理技术,在环境和经济上都是可行的,因为微生物群落可将副产品转化为沼气形式的可再生能源,其中含有大量氢气和其他气体。事实证明,沼气发酵工艺在管理农用工业有机废物方面非常有效。然而,掌握这一过程的生物化学原理,尤其是在改变所使用的废物混合物时,对于控制生物反应器和优化能源生产至关重要。尽管已有研究分别评估了水稻沸腾废水和桃子加工残渣的厌氧消化,但对这两种废水的共消化研究却很少。了解和掌握使用这种混合物的工艺参数对于确保有效控制厌氧反应器的运行并产生最大能量至关重要。因此,本研究评估了水稻沸腾废水和桃子加工废料 ACoD 产生沼气的情况。实验采用了基于 22 个因子排列的间歇式方法。使用的因子是基质中桃子的比例(P),从 2.5%到 5%不等;基质-接种物比(S/I),在 1.5 和 2.5 gCOD/gVSS 之间交替变化。反应器的平均化学需氧量(COD)去除率为 82.1%,消化过程结束后,反应器的 pH 值保持中性,这表明厌氧消化是处理所评估废物的合适方法。在所分析的比例中,基质中桃的比例越高,甲烷总产量就越低,而 S/I 则显示出相反的效果。反应器 III(S/I = 2.5 和 P = 2.5%)最经久耐用,产量最高,是所研究因子的最佳组合。最后,可以说,对于巴西最大的水稻和桃子生产国南里奥格兰德州来说,本研究中评估的废料 ACoD 是一个非常有意义的选择,有助于该州发展循环经济、工业共生和可持续生产。
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引用次数: 0
Energy management and distribution of fuel cell hybrid power system based on efficient and stable movement of mobile robot 基于移动机器人高效稳定运动的燃料电池混合动力系统的能量管理与分配
IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.161
Xueqin Lü , Xinrui Zhai , Yangyang Zhang , Chuanmin Zhu , Shenchen Qian
In response to the limitation of cable power supply on the movement range of mobile welding robots and the difficulty in achieving automatic welding of large equipment, a fuel cell hybrid power system is applied to the electric drive system of welding robots. State machines are used to determine the energy distribution state of hybrid power systems, while fuzzy algorithms are used to control the energy distribution of hybrid power in some states. In order to reduce the fluctuation of fuel cell power output and improve the economy of the energy supply system, a guidance head optimization algorithm is adopted to adjust the fuzzy membership function. Taking hydrogen consumption and fuel cell power output fluctuations as optimization objectives, and the SoC and fuzzy load deviation adjustment function of lithium-ion batteries as input variables, optimize the output power distribution of fuel cells and lithium-ion batteries. Compared with the optimization results of traditional guidance head optimization algorithms, particle swarm optimization algorithms, and fuzzy algorithms, the improved guidance head optimization algorithm can converge with fewer iterations while satisfying the dynamic response of robots, and can effectively improve the output power characteristics of fuel cells. Therefore, the control strategy studied in this article can effectively improve the output power characteristics of fuel cells, reduce output current ripple, and shorten response time. At the same time, it reduces the equivalent hydrogen consumption of the hybrid system and improves fuel economy.
针对电缆供电对移动焊接机器人移动范围的限制和大型设备难以实现自动焊接的问题,将燃料电池混合动力系统应用于焊接机器人的电力驱动系统。利用状态机确定混合动力系统的能量分配状态,同时利用模糊算法控制混合动力在某些状态下的能量分配。为了减少燃料电池功率输出的波动,提高能源供应系统的经济性,采用了导向头优化算法来调整模糊成员函数。以氢耗和燃料电池功率输出波动为优化目标,以锂离子电池的 SoC 和模糊负载偏差调整函数为输入变量,优化燃料电池和锂离子电池的输出功率分布。与传统的导引头优化算法、粒子群优化算法和模糊算法的优化结果相比,改进后的导引头优化算法在满足机器人动态响应的前提下,能以较少的迭代次数收敛,并能有效改善燃料电池的输出功率特性。因此,本文研究的控制策略能有效改善燃料电池的输出功率特性,降低输出电流纹波,缩短响应时间。同时,还能降低混合动力系统的等效氢耗,提高燃油经济性。
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引用次数: 0
Analytical study of bioclogging effects in underground hydrogen storage 地下储氢中生物积液效应的分析研究
IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.043
Siqin Yu , Shaowen Mao , Mohamed Mehana
Underground hydrogen storage (UHS) in porous formations is emerging as a promising solution to global decarbonization. While much knowledge from geologic carbon sequestration is transferable, a critical technical challenge unique to UHS is the active interaction between hydrogen and microbes. In this study, we develop an analytical framework to quantify the bioclogging effect in saline aquifers at the reservoir scale. Our objective is to understand how bioclogging will impact UHS operations and explore potential mitigation strategies. To achieve this, we extend the Buckley–Leverett solution to construct the solution, which is computationally efficient by preserving the analytical nature. Our findings reveal that near-well permeability impairment could be up to twice as severe as previously estimated, emphasizing the advantages of deeper formations with higher temperatures, where microbial activity is reduced. Furthermore, we observed an increase in hydrogen recovery and a progressive advancement of the gas plume front position across storage cycles. These insights not only contribute to designing operational conditions but also suggest effective mitigation strategies for maximizing hydrogen storage efficiency.
多孔地层中的地下氢储存(UHS)正在成为全球脱碳的一种有前途的解决方案。虽然地质碳封存方面的许多知识都可以借鉴,但氢与微生物之间的积极互动是地下储氢所特有的一项关键技术挑战。在本研究中,我们开发了一个分析框架,用于在储层尺度上量化含盐含水层中的生物积液效应。我们的目标是了解生物积水将如何影响超高压制氢系统的运行,并探索潜在的缓解策略。为此,我们扩展了 Buckley-Leverett 解法来构建解决方案,通过保留分析性质来提高计算效率。我们的研究结果表明,近井渗透率受损的严重程度可能是之前估计的两倍,这就强调了温度较高的深层地层的优势,因为在那里微生物的活动会减少。此外,我们还观察到氢气回收率的提高,以及气体羽流前沿位置在整个存储周期中的逐步推进。这些见解不仅有助于设计运行条件,还提出了有效的缓解策略,以最大限度地提高氢气存储效率。
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引用次数: 0
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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
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