International Journal of Hydrogen Energy最新文献_第6页

Study on the influence mechanism of fin structure on the filling performance of cold adsorption hydrogen storage tank 翅片结构对冷吸附式储氢罐填充性能的影响机理研究

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.130

Jiahao Wang , Daniele Melideo , Lorenzo Ferrari , Paolo Taddei Pardelli , Umberto Desideri

Activated carbon cold adsorbed H₂ storage (CAH2) is a promising physical hydrogen storage method. However, conventional storage tanks face problems of local high heat accumulation during the cold adsorption process, leading to low hydrogen storage efficiency and capacity. This study attempts to design high thermal conductivity fins to a conventional CAH2 tank to enhance heat and mass transfer, thereby promoting the hydrogen adsorption process. An accurate mathematical model and finite element method are established to calculate the CAH2 process. The influence mechanism of different fin arrangements, fin length, fin number (spacing), and fin width on the temperature field, adsorption concentration field and storage performance are explored. The results show that adding fins can effectively promote heat transfer and suppress local high temperature and low adsorption concentration areas. When the adsorption mass reaches 0.05 kg, the storage efficiency of the three tank schemes with added fins improves by approximately 40% compared with the original tank. Although extending the fin length will enhance heat conduction, it will also suppress the heat convective transfer effect. The optimal fin length is found to be 30 mm. Increasing the number of fins (reducing spacing) can significantly decrease the areas of local high temperature and low adsorption concentration, but this beneficial effect diminished when the number of fins exceeded 14. Increasing the fin width has a weaker beneficial effect on the temperature field and adsorption concentration field, and also cause a significant reduction in the tank volume, thereby reducing the total hydrogen storage capacity. The findings of this study can provide important guidance for the application of high thermal conductivity fins in CAH2 tanks.

活性炭冷吸附氢气储存（CAH2）是一种前景广阔的物理储氢方法。然而，传统储氢罐在冷吸附过程中存在局部高热积聚的问题，导致储氢效率和容量较低。本研究尝试在传统的 CAH2 储氢罐上设计高导热翅片，以增强传热和传质，从而促进氢气吸附过程。研究建立了精确的数学模型和有限元方法来计算 CAH2 过程。探讨了不同翅片排列方式、翅片长度、翅片数量（间距）和翅片宽度对温度场、吸附浓度场和储存性能的影响机制。结果表明，增加翅片能有效促进传热，抑制局部高温和低吸附浓度区域。当吸附质量达到 0.05 千克时，添加鳍片的三种储气罐方案的储气效率比原来的储气罐提高了约 40%。虽然延长翅片长度会增强热传导，但同时也会抑制热对流传递效应。最佳翅片长度为 30 毫米。增加鳍片数量（减小间距）可显著减少局部高温和低吸附浓度区域，但当鳍片数量超过 14 片时，这种有利影响就会减弱。增加鳍片宽度对温度场和吸附浓度场的有利影响较弱，同时也会导致储氢罐容积明显减小，从而降低总的储氢能力。本研究的结果可为高导热翅片在 CAH2 储氢罐中的应用提供重要指导。

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引用次数: 0

Machine learning applications on proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers: A component-level overview 质子交换膜水电解器中的机器学习应用：组件级概述

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.188

Abdelmola Albadwi , Saltuk Buğra Selçuklu , Mehmet Fatih Kaya

Machine Learning (ML) has emerged as a pivotal force in enhancing Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer (PEMWE) devices. These devices are critical for transforming renewable electricity into hydrogen, a key clean energy vector. Despite their prospects, the broader implementation of PEMWE is hindered by cost and efficiency barriers. PEMWEs are inherently complex, involving multi-scale processes such as electrochemical reactions, reactant transportation, and thermo-electrical interactions. This complexity has previously limited optimizations to isolated components like electrocatalysts, membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs), Bipolar plates (BPs), and Gas Diffusion Electrodes (GDEs). ML presents a revolutionary pathway to address these obstacles by enabling system-wide optimization. In this paper, we offer an in-depth review of cutting-edge ML applications for improving PEMWE performance and efficiency. ML's ability to process large datasets and identify intricate patterns accelerates the research and development of PEMWEs, thereby reducing costs and boosting efficiency. We describe a variety of algorithms, such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Deep Learning (DL), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Categorical Boosting (CatBoost), and Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), commonly used in PEMWE applications, highlighting their significance in enhancing PEMWE systems. Additionally, we explore hybrid methods that combine various ML techniques to further improve PEMWE performance and efficiency. The review provides a concise overview and forward-looking perspective on the role of ML in advancing PEMWE technology, marking a significant step towards their cost-effective and scalable deployment.

机器学习（ML）已成为提升质子交换膜水电解槽（PEMWE）设备的关键力量。这些设备对于将可再生电力转化为氢气这一关键的清洁能源载体至关重要。尽管前景广阔，但由于成本和效率方面的障碍，PEMWE 的广泛应用仍受到阻碍。PEMWE 本身非常复杂，涉及电化学反应、反应物运输和热电相互作用等多尺度过程。这种复杂性以前限制了对电催化剂、膜电极组件 (MEA)、双极板 (BP) 和气体扩散电极 (GDE) 等孤立组件的优化。ML 通过实现全系统优化，为解决这些障碍提供了一条革命性的途径。在本文中，我们将深入评述 ML 在提高 PEMWE 性能和效率方面的前沿应用。ML 处理大型数据集和识别复杂模式的能力加快了 PEMWE 的研发速度，从而降低了成本并提高了效率。我们介绍了人工神经网络 (ANN)、深度学习 (DL)、长短期记忆 (LSTM)、支持向量机 (SVM)、分类提升 (CatBoost) 和轻梯度提升机 (LightGBM) 等 PEMWE 应用中常用的各种算法，强调了它们在增强 PEMWE 系统中的重要作用。此外，我们还探讨了结合各种 ML 技术的混合方法，以进一步提高 PEMWE 的性能和效率。这篇综述以简明扼要的概述和前瞻性的视角阐述了 ML 在推动 PEMWE 技术发展中的作用，标志着 PEMWE 向着具有成本效益和可扩展的部署方向迈出了重要一步。

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引用次数: 0

Theoretical and experimental study on the effect of mechanical strain force activated polyhedron on oxygen evolution reaction performance and mechanism 机械应变力激活多面体对氧进化反应性能和机理影响的理论与实验研究

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.148

Hao Zhou , Le Chen , Guoyu Hou , Ping He , Xueyang Rui , Sorachon Yoriya , Zaiguo Fu , Peian Li , Kai Sheng , Kai Huang , Jiang Wu , Jia Lin

Developing cost-effective and high-performance electrocatalysts is crucial for overcoming the slow oxygen evolution reaction (OER) observed in the process of water splitting. Herein, an exquisite iron-cobalt bimetallic sulfide featuring exposing more crystal faces and stronger crystallinity is manipulated via a mechanical stress strategy, which may offer additional active sites for the OER process. Particularly, the prepared Fe_0.5Co_0.5/SNC exhibits notable OER activity, characterized by a low overpotential of 310 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm⁻² and a high current density of 131 mA/cm² at a voltage of 1.8 V (versus RHE). Additionally, post-stability tests analysis on the material revealed a reversible oscillation of iron and cobalt valence states between 2⁺ and 3⁺, indicating the material's sensitivity to reactive oxygen species, which enhances its OER catalytic performance. The continuous adsorption and desorption of reaction intermediates with the material's matrix perpetually trigger the activation, maintaining the catalytic activity. Theoretical calculations suggest that orbital hybridization among iron, cobalt, and sulfur, along with an appropriate d-band center, enhance the electron exchange rate, facilitating the adsorption and dissociation of intermediates on the material, thereby promoting the OER process. Our findings provide new insights for the design and production of efficient, cost-effective OER electrocatalysts, contributing to the industrialization of OER catalysts.

开发具有成本效益的高性能电催化剂对于克服水分离过程中观察到的缓慢氧进化反应（OER）至关重要。在本文中，通过机械应力策略操纵了一种精致的铁钴双金属硫化物，该硫化物具有更多的晶面和更强的结晶性，可为 OER 过程提供更多的活性位点。特别是，制备的 Fe0.5Co0.5/SNC 具有显著的 OER 活性，其特点是在电流密度为 10 mA cm-2 时过电位低至 310 mV，在电压为 1.8 V 时电流密度高达 131 mA/cm2（相对于 RHE）。此外，对该材料进行的后稳定性测试分析表明，铁和钴的价态在 2+ 和 3+ 之间发生了可逆振荡，这表明该材料对活性氧物种非常敏感，从而提高了其 OER 催化性能。反应中间产物与材料基质的不断吸附和解吸会持续引发活化，从而保持催化活性。理论计算表明，铁、钴和硫之间的轨道杂化以及适当的 d 带中心可提高电子交换率，促进中间产物在材料上的吸附和解离，从而促进 OER 过程。我们的发现为设计和生产高效、经济的 OER 电催化剂提供了新的思路，有助于 OER 催化剂的工业化生产。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring sustainable fuel alternatives: The role of NH3–H2–H2O2 blends in enhancing HCCI engine performance 探索可持续燃料替代品：NH3-H2-H2O2 混合物在提高 HCCI 发动机性能方面的作用

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.133

Mohamed I. Hassan Ali, Kabbir Ali

This study presents a comprehensive computational analysis of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines fueled by a carbon-free blend of ammonia (NH₃), hydrogen (H₂), and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). The research aims to explore the potential of this blend in enhancing combustion performance and reducing emissions, addressing the critical challenge of environmental sustainability in internal combustion engines. Through the use of detailed kinetic modeling and three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the impacts of various blend compositions on key engine performance was assessed. The kinetic model is validated with the published literature data. The findings indicate that the addition of H₂O₂ significantly improves autoignition and the combustion duration of an NH₃–H₂ blend in an HCCI engine is 17° at 515 K. However, with the addition of 40% H₂O₂, the combustion duration reduces to approximately 16°, even at lower temperatures (395 K). The introduction of 40% H₂O₂ in the NH₃–H₂ HCCI engine results in a 12.8% increase in output power and a 22.2% decrease in NO_x emissions due to the reduced operating temperature under Maximum Brake Torque (MBT) conditions. With a fuel blend of NH₃-0.7, H₂-0.2, and H₂O₂-0.1 at an inlet temperature of 450 K, the combustion duration (CD) is 22°. Increasing hydrogen to 50% and reducing the inlet temperature to about 390 K decreases the CD to 5°. This study demonstrates that the NH₃–H₂–H₂O₂ blend holds significant promise as a viable alternative to conventional fuels, potentially contributing to the advancement of zero-carbon emission combustion technologies in future transportation systems.

本研究对以氨气 (NH3)、氢气 (H2) 和过氧化氢 (H2O2) 的无碳混合物为燃料的均相充量压燃 (HCCI) 发动机进行了全面的计算分析。研究旨在探索这种混合物在提高燃烧性能和减少排放方面的潜力，从而解决内燃机在环境可持续发展方面面临的严峻挑战。通过使用详细的动力学模型和三维计算流体动力学（CFD），评估了各种混合成分对发动机关键性能的影响。动力学模型与已发表的文献数据进行了验证。研究结果表明，添加 H2O2 能显著改善自燃，在 515 K 时，NH3-H2 混合物在 HCCI 发动机中的燃烧持续时间为 17°；然而，添加 40% 的 H2O2 后，即使在较低温度（395 K）下，燃烧持续时间也会缩短至约 16°。在最大制动扭矩（MBT）条件下，由于工作温度降低，NH3-H2 HCCI 发动机引入 40% H2O2 后，输出功率增加了 12.8%，氮氧化物排放量减少了 22.2%。在入口温度为 450 K 时，混合燃料为 NH3-0.7、H2-0.2 和 H2O2-0.1，燃烧持续时间 (CD) 为 22°。将氢气增加到 50%，并将入口温度降低到约 390 K 时，CD 下降到 5°。这项研究表明，NH3-H2-H2O2 混合燃料作为传统燃料的可行替代品前景广阔，有可能促进未来运输系统中零碳排放燃烧技术的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Optimal design of a hydrogen supply chain taking into account economic costs, energy consumption, and carbon emissions-A case study of Shanghai, China 考虑经济成本、能源消耗和碳排放的氢气供应链优化设计--中国上海案例研究

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.041

Yining He , Jiaxuan Liu , Xingyu Deng , Yuehua Zhang , Tao Ma

The problem of global warming is becoming more and more serious, and effective reduction of carbon dioxide emissions has become a focus of attention for countries around the world. In the field of transportation, hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks are expected to replace traditional trucks with their low carbon emissions and environmental advantages. Building a hydrogen supply chain optimization model that takes complex urban road conditions and hydrogen data into account can increase economic benefits while reducing carbon emissions. However, such models face challenges of objective optimization and lack of case data. Here, we develop a mixed-integer linear model using a bi-objective optimization approach and an extended ε-constraint approach to optimize the cost, energy consumption, and carbon emissions at different stages of the hydrogen supply chain. The model we developed further reduces the computational complexity while satisfying the 3-objective optimization. In addition, for the first time, we bring the actual data of Shanghai, China into the model to obtain the optimized hydrogen supply chain including the optimal hydrogen station construction and the optimal hydrogen transportation path. Our model provides guidance and inspiration for future hydrogen supply chain optimization in cities with complex transportation environments.

全球变暖问题日益严重，有效减少二氧化碳排放已成为世界各国关注的焦点。在交通运输领域，氢动力重型卡车以其低碳排放和环保优势有望取代传统卡车。建立氢气供应链优化模型，将复杂的城市路况和氢气数据考虑在内，可以在减少碳排放的同时提高经济效益。然而，此类模型面临着目标优化和缺乏案例数据的挑战。在此，我们使用双目标优化方法和扩展的ε约束方法开发了一个混合整数线性模型，以优化氢气供应链不同阶段的成本、能耗和碳排放。我们开发的模型在满足三目标优化的同时，进一步降低了计算复杂度。此外，我们还首次将中国上海的实际数据引入模型，从而获得优化的氢气供应链，包括最优氢站建设和最优氢气运输路径。我们的模型为未来在交通环境复杂的城市中优化氢气供应链提供了指导和启发。

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引用次数: 0

Iron-containing sulfur/nitrogen co-doped porous carbons via composite salt modification to promote the oxygen reduction catalysis 通过复合盐改性促进氧还原催化的含铁硫氮共掺多孔碳

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.151

Chenyang Shu , Xinru Xu , Jianglin Chen , Hongdian Chen , Jinyan Wu , Rong Jin , Yao Liu , Chaozhong Guo , Chuanlan Xu , Yujun Si

Carbon materials with high micropore volume and great specific surface area (SSA) are developed as catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction. Sodium lignosulfonate was used as the primary starting material for effectively doping of iron and nitrogen using ferric chloride hexahydrate and melamine, capitalizing on its robust coordination characteristics. The influences of the magnesium oxide template and composite salt etching on the pore structure and catalytic performance are comprehensively investigated. Modulation of MgO template and composite salt during high-temperature pyrolysis produces the catalyst (Fe-NS-PC) with a hierarchical porous structure and a 1699 m² g⁻¹ of specific surface area. It promotes the exposure of active sites, and mobility of reactants and products during oxygen reduction process. Thus, the Fe-NS-PC catalyst possess an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity (E_1/2 = 0.865 V vs. RHE) in alkaline medium, being similar to the Pt/C catalyst. In zinc-air battery (ZAB) testing, the specific energy density is reduced by 6% after ∼120 h of uninterrupted discharge when the negative zinc foil is substituted, demonstrating the exceptional stability. This work presents a practical guide for the subsequent modification of carbon materials using template and composite salts modification.

开发了具有高微孔体积和大比表面积（SSA）的碳材料，作为氧还原反应的催化剂。以木质素磺酸钠为主要起始材料，利用六水氯化铁和三聚氰胺的强配位特性，有效地掺入了铁和氮。全面研究了氧化镁模板和复合盐蚀刻对孔隙结构和催化性能的影响。在高温热解过程中对氧化镁模板和复合盐进行调节，得到了具有分层多孔结构和 1699 m2 g-1 比表面积的催化剂（Fe-NS-PC）。它促进了活性位点的暴露，以及氧还原过程中反应物和产物的流动。因此，Fe-NS-PC 催化剂在碱性介质中具有与 Pt/C 催化剂相似的氧还原反应（ORR）活性（E1/2 = 0.865 V vs. RHE）。在锌-空气电池（ZAB）测试中，取代负极锌箔后，经过 ∼120 小时的不间断放电，比能量密度降低了 6%，这表明该催化剂具有卓越的稳定性。这项工作为后续使用模板和复合盐改性碳材料提供了实用指南。

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引用次数: 0

Technical and economic analysis of hydrogen production, storage and transportation by offshore wind power in different scenarios: A Guangdong case study 不同情况下海上风电制氢、储氢和运氢的技术和经济分析：广东案例研究

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.10.346

Chao Zhang, Pengfei Song, Jianguo Hou, Li Xiao, Xiukang Wang, Fan Yang, Xiulin Wang

Hydrogen production from offshore wind power is one of the ways to solve the problem of consumption. Through the comparative analysis of electrolytic, hydrogen storage and transportation technology suitable for offshore wind, taking an offshore wind farm in eastern Guangdong province of China as an example, according to four cases of high-voltage AC transmission, onshore centralized hydrogen production, offshore centralized hydrogen production + submarine hydrogen pipeline transportation, offshore centralized hydrogen production + LOHC-FPSO + ship transportation, the economy of each case is analyzed under different offshore distances and different hydrogen prices, and it is concluded that the cost of offshore wind power is very sensitive to offshore distance. In that three hydrogen production cases, under the condition that the price of hydrogen is 25 CNY/kg, when the offshore distance exceeds about 180 km, it is difficult to make profits, and it is not suitable for hydrogen production. When the offshore distance is less than 80 km, offshore wind power has more advantages in producing hydrogen on land. When the offshore distance exceeds about 80 km, case 3 is lower. When the offshore distance exceeds about 150 km, case 2 and case 3 will be superior to the case 1. When the benchmark hydrogen price is 25 CNY/kg, the economy of each case is poor.

海上风电制氢是解决消纳问题的途径之一。通过对适用于海上风电的电解、储氢和运输技术的比较分析，以我国粤东某海上风电场为例，按照高压交流输电、陆上集中制氢、海上集中制氢+海底氢气管道运输、海上集中制氢+LOHC-FPSO+船舶运输四种情况，分析了不同离岸距离和不同氢气价格下各情况的经济性，得出海上风电成本对离岸距离非常敏感的结论。在这三种制氢案例中，在氢气价格为 25 元/千克的条件下，当离岸距离超过 180 千米左右时，很难盈利，不适合制氢。当离岸距离小于 80 千米时，海上风电在陆地制氢方面更具优势。当离岸距离超过约 80 千米时，情况 3 较低。当离岸距离超过约 150 千米时，情况 2 和情况 3 将优于情况 1。当基准氢价为 25 元人民币/千克时，每种情况的经济性都较差。

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引用次数: 0

High-performance overall water electrolysis enabled by a one-step fabricated bifunctional Pt/NiFe LDH catalyst on iron nickel foam 在铁镍泡沫上一步制备双功能 Pt/NiFe LDH 催化剂，实现高性能整体电解水

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.10.407

Changhui Liang , Yuxin Zhang , Jun Shen , Xiaoqiang Zhang , Huixiang Li , Songhai Xie , Yongxin Li , Z. Conrad Zhang

The development of bifunctional electrocatalysts with high efficiency for overall water splitting is still a challenging task. In this work, we introduce a novel one-step synthesis method for Pt/NiFe layered double hydroxide (LDH) on an iron-nickel foam (INF) substrate under mild conditions. This method eliminates the need for additional Ni or Fe ions and facilitates in-situ etching and growth processes under mild conditions, resulting in a higher active surface area, well-dispersed low-loading Pt nanoparticles, and a self-supported electrode without binders. These features collectively enhance electron transfer and catalytic activity for both HER and OER. The Pt/NiFe LDH/INF exhibits remarkable water splitting performance, requiring a cell voltage of only 1.44 V at10 mA cm⁻² when used as both anode and cathode. Additionally, it remains stable at 20 mA cm⁻² for at least 16 h. The exceptional water splitting activity of Pt/NiFe LDH/INF in alkaline solution can be attributed to the synergistic effects of Pt and NiFe LDH, which improve the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction efficiencies. The results provide valuable insights into designing bifunctional electrocatalysts with low Pt loading for optimal water splitting performance at low operating cost.

开发具有高效率的整体水分离双功能电催化剂仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务。在这项工作中，我们介绍了一种在温和条件下在铁镍泡沫（INF）基底上一步合成 Pt/NiFe 层状双氢氧化物（LDH）的新方法。这种方法不需要额外的镍或铁离子，并能在温和的条件下促进原位刻蚀和生长过程，从而获得更高的活性表面积、分散良好的低负载铂纳米粒子以及无粘合剂的自支撑电极。这些特点共同增强了 HER 和 OER 的电子传递和催化活性。铂/镍铁合金 LDH/INF 具有显著的水分离性能，在同时用作阳极和阴极时，10 mA cm-2 的电池电压仅为 1.44 V。铂/镍铁合金 LDH/INF 在碱性溶液中的优异水分离活性可归因于铂和镍铁合金 LDH 的协同作用，它们提高了氢进化反应和氧进化反应的效率。这些结果为设计低铂负载的双功能电催化剂提供了宝贵的见解，从而以较低的运行成本获得最佳的水分离性能。

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引用次数: 0

Fabrication of superhydrophobic TiN-coated SS304 flow field plates via femtosecond laser processing for fuel cell applications 通过飞秒激光加工制造用于燃料电池的超疏水 TiN 涂层 SS304 流场板

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.165

Nitika Devi , Chan-Ray Su , Amornchai Arpornwichanop , Yong-Song Chen

Fuel cell systems are potential power sources for transportation applications due to their high energy efficiency, rapid start-up, and low emissions. The bipolar plates, which constitute the major volume of the fuel cell stack, are usually made of graphite. However, the brittle nature of graphite plates makes them unable to resist shock or vibration; as a result, metallic plates are considered as bipolar plates in fuel cell stacks due to their resistance to impact, strength, and cost-effective manufacturing. However, surface corrosion and hydrophobicity are significant challenges that need to be overcome in the fuel cell working environment. In this study, the resistance of SS304 plates to the electrochemical environment is enhanced by coating them with TiN, while the hydrophobic surface of the stainless steel is induced using femtosecond lasers and vacuum treatments. The effects of treatment conditions on surface morphology, contact angle, interfacial resistance, and fuel cell performance are investigated. Results show that linearly polarized lasers with scanning speeds of 20 mm s⁻¹ and 80 mm s⁻¹ are the optimum treatments for SS304 and TiN-coated SS304 plates, respectively. The TiN coating greatly improves the performance of SS304 flow field plates, with a maximum power density of 0.9 W cm⁻² compared to 0.44 W cm⁻² without the coating. Fuel cells consisting of laser-processed TiN-coated SS304 flow field plates can also operate durably with hydrogen and oxygen at the anode and cathode, respectively.

燃料电池系统具有能效高、启动快、排放低等优点，是交通运输领域的潜在动力源。构成燃料电池堆主要部分的双极板通常由石墨制成。然而，石墨板的脆性使其无法抗冲击或振动；因此，金属板因其抗冲击性、强度和制造成本效益而被视为燃料电池堆中的双极板。然而，表面腐蚀和疏水性是燃料电池工作环境中需要克服的重大挑战。在本研究中，通过在 SS304 钢板上镀 TiN，增强了其对电化学环境的耐受性，同时利用飞秒激光和真空处理诱导不锈钢表面疏水。研究了处理条件对表面形态、接触角、界面电阻和燃料电池性能的影响。结果表明，扫描速度分别为 20 mm s-1 和 80 mm s-1 的线性偏振激光器是 SS304 板和 TiN 涂层 SS304 板的最佳处理方法。TiN 涂层大大提高了 SS304 流场板的性能，其最大功率密度为 0.9 W cm-2，而无涂层的功率密度为 0.44 W cm-2。由激光加工的 TiN 涂层 SS304 流场板组成的燃料电池也能分别在阳极和阴极使用氢气和氧气持久运行。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of impurities in hydrate formation in H2 pipelines 杂质对 H2 管道中水合物形成的影响

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.030

Abbas Rajaei, Nejat Rahmanian

The production of hydrogen as an alternative fuel for combating climate change has been promoted recently during the current energy transition. However, hydrogen, whether blue or green, brown, etc, often involves impurities, potentially leading to gas hydrate formation in transmission pipelines. This study investigates the impact of common impurities, such as CH₄, C₂H₆, C₃H₈, and CO₂, on gas hydrate formation in hydrogen-rich pipelines, crucial for ensuring safe operations. Gas hydrates, notorious for causing high risks of blockages in oil and gas pipelines, pose higher risks in hydrogen pipelines, potentially leading to downtime and economic losses. This work predicts hydrate formation under varying conditions using two different simulation software Aspen HYSYS (v.14) and HydraFlash (v.3.5.8). Results reveal that H₂S, C₃H₈, and C₂H₆ notably influence hydrate phase curves, respectively, shifting them to higher temperatures. Notably, Aspen HYSYS exhibits stronger correlations with experimental data for multicomponent systems with high hydrogen concentrations. This study underscores the importance of understanding hydrate formation risks in hydrogen pipelines and provides valuable insights for their safe operation and maintenance.

最近，在当前的能源转型过程中，氢的生产作为应对气候变化的替代燃料得到了推广。然而，氢气（无论是蓝色还是绿色、棕色等）往往含有杂质，有可能在输气管道中形成气体水合物。本研究调查了 CH4、C2H6、C3H8 和 CO2 等常见杂质对富氢管道中气体水合物形成的影响，这对确保安全运行至关重要。气体水合物因在石油和天然气管道中造成堵塞的高风险而臭名昭著，在氢气管道中构成的风险更高，可能导致停机和经济损失。这项研究使用两种不同的模拟软件 Aspen HYSYS (v.14) 和 HydraFlash (v.3.5.8) 预测了不同条件下水合物的形成。结果显示，H2S、C3H8 和 C2H6 分别对水合物相曲线产生显著影响，使其向更高温度移动。值得注意的是，对于氢浓度较高的多组分系统，Aspen HYSYS 与实验数据的相关性更强。这项研究强调了了解氢气管道中水合物形成风险的重要性，并为管道的安全运行和维护提供了宝贵的见解。

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