International Journal of Hydrogen Energy最新文献_第4页

Swirling distributed combustion of hydrogen assisted ammonia/air mixture for mitigation of NOx emissions 氢辅助氨/空气混合物的旋涡分布燃烧，以减少氮氧化物排放

IF 8.3 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153676

Zafer Sahin , Ozan Kekul , Serhat Karyeyen , Hakan Ozcan , M. Sami Guler

In this study, Colorless Distributed Combustion (CDC) method was applied to a hydrogen-assisted ammonia/air mixture to achieve an optimized thermal field with the lowest possible NO_x emissions. In this context, the changes in the flame structures, temperature distributions and NO_x emission characteristics of the mixture were experimentally and numerically investigated under the CDC regime, and the findings were compared with those of conventional combustion conditions. In the model validation study, the performance of five different reaction mechanisms was evaluated, and the Klippenstein mechanism, integrated with the Standard k-ε turbulence model, was found to be the most accurate in predicting the thermal field and NO_x emission characteristics. The flame blow-out was observed at the 14 % O₂ concentration in the experiments. At the lowest achievable O₂ concentration (15 %), NO_x emissions were reduced by 97.05 % in comparison to the conventional combustion. However, the NH₃ slip reached 2025.26 ppm at 15 % O₂ concentration. The optimal operating conditions were obtained at 17 % O₂, yielding an 88.32 % NO_x reduction with negligible NH₃ slip. This significant NO_x reduction was achieved as the CDC technology played an essential role in mitigating the effects of the fuel-NO mechanism, which is the primary source of high NO_x emissions of the mixture. In addition, the flame luminosity and temperature decreased, thus, a more uniform temperature fields in the combustor were obtained. Consequently, the results in the present study reveal that CDC technology can be a promising alternative method for the dissemination of the NH₃-containing fuels for clean energy conversion in practical combustion systems with minimum modifications.

在本研究中，将无色分布燃烧（CDC）方法应用于氢辅助氨/空气混合物中，以获得尽可能低的NOx排放的优化热场。在此背景下，实验和数值研究了在CDC工况下混合气火焰结构、温度分布和NOx排放特性的变化，并将结果与常规燃烧条件下的结果进行了比较。在模型验证研究中，评估了5种不同反应机制的性能，发现Klippenstein机制与Standard k-ε湍流模型相结合，在预测热场和NOx排放特性方面最准确。实验中观察到氧气浓度为14%时火焰熄灭。在可达到的最低O2浓度（15%）下，与传统燃烧相比，NOx排放量减少了97.05%。而当O2浓度为15%时，NH3滑移率达到了2025.26 ppm。最佳操作条件为17% O2， NOx还原率为88.32%，NH3滑移可以忽略不计。由于CDC技术在减轻燃料- no机制的影响方面发挥了重要作用，从而实现了NOx的显著减少，而燃料- no机制是混合物高NOx排放的主要来源。此外，火焰亮度和温度降低，使燃烧室内的温度场更加均匀。因此，本研究的结果表明，CDC技术可以成为一种有希望的替代方法，用于在实际燃烧系统中传播含nh3的燃料，用于清洁能源转换，并且修改最少。

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引用次数: 0

Large eddy simulation of syngas combustion in a trapped vortex combustor 困涡燃烧室合成气燃烧的大涡模拟

IF 8.3 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153553

Ahmadreza Sharifi, Reza Sharifzadeh, Meghdad Saffaripour, Asghar Afshari

Trapped vortex combustors (TVCs) are well-suited for hydrogen-rich fuels as they stabilize combustion at high flow velocities. This study investigates syngas combustion in a third-generation TVC, focusing on the effect of H₂/CO ratio (25/75 to 95/5) on combustion efficiency, vortex dynamics, temperature distribution, and emissions. The large eddy simulation (LES) approach coupled with the partially-stirred reactor model is employed to model turbulence-chemistry interactions. A reduced chemical kinetic mechanism for syngas, with 24 reactions and 13 species, governs combustion kinetics. Results reveal the 75 % H₂/25 % CO blend achieves the highest combustion efficiency (94.7 % mass-based, 97.2 % energy-based) due to enhanced vortex stability and mixing within the cavity, while higher CO fractions degrade mixing and combustion efficiency. Emissions of NO, CO, and CO₂ rise monotonically with higher CO content in the fuel. An air inlet configuration study shows that offsetting fuel and air inlets boosts efficiency by 26 % by promoting counter-rotating vortices.

困涡燃烧器（tvc）在高流速下稳定燃烧，非常适合于富氢燃料。本研究对第三代TVC中的合成气燃烧进行了研究，重点研究了H2/CO比（25/75 ~ 95/5）对燃烧效率、涡流动力学、温度分布和排放的影响。采用大涡模拟方法和部分搅拌反应器模型对湍流-化学相互作用进行了模拟。合成气有24种反应和13种物质，燃烧动力学由简化的化学动力学机制决定。结果表明，75% h2 / 25% CO混合气的燃烧效率最高（94.7%基于质量，97.2%基于能量），因为它增强了涡流稳定性和腔内混合，而更高的CO分数降低了混合和燃烧效率。随着燃料中CO含量的增加，NO、CO和CO2的排放量单调上升。一项进气道结构研究表明，通过促进反向旋转涡流，抵消燃料和空气的进气道可以提高26%的效率。

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引用次数: 0

Coupled effects of injector diameter and hydrogen blending on combustion performance, emissions, and acoustic characteristics in an afterburner 加力燃烧室中喷油器直径和氢气混合对燃烧性能、排放和声学特性的耦合影响

IF 8.3 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153661

Altuğ Muslu, Kübra Kurtoğlu Sontay, Göktuğ Karaca, Musa Cenk Özekinci, Doğuş Özkan

Hydrogen-assisted afterburners are a promising route to decarbonize aviation propulsion, but practical implementation is limited by coupled effects of fuel reactivity and injector sizing on flameholding, emissions, and thermoacoustic response. Prior studies typically examine hydrogen addition or combustor dynamics separately, leaving the interactive influence of injector diameter and hydrogen–kerosene blending insufficiently quantified in an afterburner environment. Here, the combined effects of injector diameter (1, 2, and 4 mm) and fuel blending ratio (0–100 % H₂ by fuel fraction) on combustion performance, exhaust emissions, thrust, and acoustics are investigated numerically. Three-dimensional compressible CFD simulations were carried out in ANSYS Fluent using a non-premixed flamelet framework (with kerosene spray treated via DPM), and unsteady acoustic predictions were obtained using both DES and LES (FW–H analogy) for selected operating cases. Results show that increasing hydrogen content increases net thrust by 28.4–38.4 % and decreases SFC by 28.6–38.5 % (100 % kerosene to 100 % hydrogen), while combustion efficiency decreases by 25.3–34.8 %, indicating a clear performance–utilization trade-off. Injector diameter strongly governs flame stabilization: the 4-mm injector preserves a robust V-gutter recirculation structure across all blends, whereas the 1-mm injector destabilizes the recirculation under hydrogen-rich operation and yields unrealistically high jet momentum, indicating it is not suitable for gaseous-hydrogen use. Emissions shift consistently with fuel carbon content: CO and CO₂ decrease with hydrogen addition, while NO_x increases under hydrogen-rich conditions (e.g., ∼225 to ∼30 ppm for 1-mm from 100 % H₂ to 100 % kerosene; ∼25 to ∼15 ppm for 4-mm). Acoustically, hydrogen-rich flames exhibit broadband higher-frequency content captured more strongly by LES, whereas kerosene-rich cases are dominated by lower-frequency structures better represented by DES. Optimal blend points balancing thrust, SFC, exit temperature, and efficiency occur at 70 % kerosene (1-mm) and 60 % kerosene (2-mm and 4-mm), providing guidance for injector sizing and fuel-flexible afterburner design.

氢辅助加力燃烧器是一种很有前途的航空推进脱碳途径，但实际实施受到燃料反应性和喷油器尺寸对火焰保持、排放和热声响应的耦合影响的限制。先前的研究通常单独考察氢气添加或燃烧室动力学，在加力燃烧室环境中，没有充分量化喷油器直径和氢煤油混合的相互影响。在这里，喷油器直径（1、2和4毫米）和燃料混合比（燃料分数为0 - 100% H2）对燃烧性能、排气排放、推力和声学的综合影响进行了数值研究。采用非预混火焰框架（经DPM处理煤油喷雾）在ANSYS Fluent中进行了三维可压缩CFD模拟，并对选定工况分别采用DES和LES （FW-H类比）进行了非定常声学预测。结果表明，氢含量增加，净推力增加28.4 - 38.4%，SFC降低28.6 - 38.5%（100%煤油对100%氢），燃烧效率降低25.3 - 34.8%，表明了明显的性能-利用权衡。喷射器直径对火焰稳定性有很大的影响：4毫米的喷射器在所有混合物中都保持了强大的v型槽再循环结构，而1毫米的喷射器在富氢工况下会破坏再循环的稳定性，产生不切实际的高射流动量，这表明它不适合气态氢的使用。排放随燃料碳含量的变化而变化：CO和CO2随氢的加入而减少，而NOx在富氢条件下增加（例如，从100% H2到100%煤油，1毫米为~ 225至~ 30 ppm； 4毫米为~ 25至~ 15 ppm）。声学上，富氢火焰表现出宽带高频成分，被LES捕捉得更强，而富煤油火焰则以低频结构为主，由DES更好地代表。平衡推力、SFC、出口温度和效率的最佳混合点出现在70%煤油（1毫米）和60%煤油（2毫米和4毫米）时，这为喷油器尺寸和燃料柔性加力燃烧器设计提供了指导。

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引用次数: 0

First-principles study of TM3 single-cluster catalysts for electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction 电催化氮还原TM3单簇催化剂的第一性原理研究

IF 8.3 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153680

Dayi Guo , Zongjing Lu , Denglei Gao

The electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (e-NRR) offers a promising alternative to the traditional Haber–Bosch process for environmentally friendly ammonia (NH₃) synthesis under mild conditions. However, the discovery of efficient and low-cost catalysts for e-NRR remains a significant challenge. Here, we investigated a series of trimeric transition-metal (TM) clusters (TM = V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) supported on graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN), denoted as TM₃/g-CN, as single-cluster catalysts (SCCs) for e-NRR by means of density functional theory (DFT) computations. Among the six candidates, Ni₃/g-CN and Cr₃/g-CN exhibited highly e-NRR performance, with limiting potentials of −0.50 V and −0.58 V, respectively. The results showed that the adsorption strength of ∗N₂ on the TM₃/g-CN catalysts (TM: Ni and Cr) was higher than that of ∗H and ∗H₂O, and promote its conversion to NH₃ via the enzymatic pathway., thus exhibiting good e-NRR selectivity. At the same time, the ab initio molecular dynamics simulation was performed on the Ni₃/g-CN and Cr₃/g-CN catalysts, the model structure of two candidates can remain intact under 500 K after 20 ps, which exhibit long-term stability, highlighting their potential as promising SCCs for e-NRR. This study provides theoretical insights and design guidelines for the development of high-performance electrocatalysts for NH₃ synthesis in hydrogen storage.

电催化氮还原反应（e-NRR）为传统的Haber-Bosch工艺在温和条件下合成环境友好的氨（NH3）提供了一种有前途的替代方法。然而，发现高效、低成本的e-NRR催化剂仍然是一个重大挑战。本文通过密度泛函理论（DFT）计算，研究了一系列三聚体过渡金属（TM）簇（TM = V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co和Ni）作为e-NRR的单簇催化剂（SCCs），其载体为石墨氮化碳（g-CN），记为TM3/g-CN。其中，Ni3/g-CN和Cr3/g-CN表现出较高的e-NRR性能，极限电位分别为- 0.50 V和- 0.58 V。结果表明，TM3/g-CN催化剂（TM: Ni和Cr）对∗N2的吸附强度高于对∗H和∗H2O的吸附强度，并促进其通过酶促途径转化为NH3。，因此表现出良好的e-NRR选择性。同时，对Ni3/g-CN和Cr3/g-CN催化剂进行从头算分子动力学模拟，结果表明，Ni3/g-CN和Cr3/g-CN催化剂在20ps后500 K下仍能保持完整的模型结构，具有较好的长期稳定性，显示了它们作为e-NRR催化剂的潜力。该研究为开发储氢过程中合成NH3的高性能电催化剂提供了理论见解和设计指导。

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引用次数: 0

Modeling multiphase flow, geomechanical deformation and induced seismicity during underground hydrogen storage in naturally fractured reservoirs 天然裂缝性储层地下储氢过程多相流、地质力学变形和诱发地震活动性模拟

IF 8.3 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153648

Lijun Liu , Haotian Ma , Fei Chen , Qinghua Lei , Xiaoguang Wang

Large-scale underground hydrogen (H₂) storage in fractured reservoirs poses induced seismicity risks due to coupled pore pressure and stress changes. We present a fully coupled H₂-water two-phase flow-geomechanical framework with explicit faults and fractures, using a discrete fracture network and a slip-weakening friction law with healing. Applied to a multilayer reservoir under cyclic injection-storage-withdrawal, the model quantifies spatiotemporal evolution of system response and decomposes Coulomb Failure Stress changes to isolate the competing roles of pore pressure, poroelasticity, shear stress transfer, and frictional weakening. Results show that within pressurization zones, pore pressure buildup dominates reactivation, poroelastic stressing tends to counter it, and shear transfer can promote or inhibit slip. Outside pressurization zones, shear stress transfer and poroelastic stressing trigger remote slip without local pressure rise. Pressure continues to propagate during non-injection, sustaining seismic events and widening spatial extent in later cycles while magnitudes decline. These findings inform stage-aware monitoring and control strategies for subsurface hydrogen storage.

裂缝性储层中大规模地下储氢由于孔隙压力和应力的耦合变化，具有诱发地震活动的风险。我们提出了一个具有明确断层和裂缝的完全耦合的h2 -水两相流-地质力学框架，使用离散裂缝网络和带愈合的滑移减弱摩擦定律。该模型应用于某多层储层的注-储-采循环过程中，量化了系统响应的时空演化，分解了库仑破坏应力变化，分离了孔隙压力、孔隙弹性、剪切应力传递和摩擦弱化的相互竞争作用。结果表明：在加压区域内，孔隙压力积聚主导着再激活，孔弹性应力倾向于与之对抗，剪切传递对滑移有促进或抑制作用。在加压区外，剪切应力传递和孔弹性应力触发远端滑移而不引起局部压力上升。在非注入期间，压力继续传播，持续地震事件，并在随后的周期中扩大空间范围，同时震级下降。这些发现为地下储氢的阶段感知监测和控制策略提供了信息。

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引用次数: 0

Deep learning-assisted design of porosity distribution for enhanced adsorption hydrogen storage 深度学习辅助孔隙度分布设计增强吸附储氢

IF 8.3 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153757

Mingliang Li , Chuchuan Peng , Rui Long , Zhichun Liu , Wei Liu

Metal hydride adsorption offers a promising approach to efficient and safe hydrogen storage. However, the kinetics and capacity of hydrogen adsorption are often limited by poor heat and mass transfer within the porous sorbent. The spatial distribution of porosity critically influences these processes by governing local permeability and effective thermal conductivity. In the study, a deep operator network trained on numerical simulation data establishes a quantitative relationship between porosity distribution and crucial physical fields as well as performance metrics in an annular-finned reactor. Then the predictive model is coupled with particle swarm optimization to identify an optimal porosity profile that accelerates hydrogen uptake and minimizes the adsorption duration to reach 80 % of equilibrium capacity. Results demonstrate that the model achieves high prediction accuracy, with average relative root mean square errors of 0.01 %, 0.1 %, 0.3 %, and 2.7 % for temperature, pressure, reaction fraction, and adsorption duration, respectively. The optimized porosity profile exhibits a graded structure, decreasing progressively from the hydrogen inlet toward the heat exchange wall. The superior configuration enhances heat and mass transfer across the main reaction region, leading to a 12.77 % reduction in adsorption time compared to a uniform porosity bed with the same average porosity of 0.5.

金属氢化物吸附是一种高效、安全的储氢方法。然而，氢吸附的动力学和容量往往受到多孔吸附剂内部传热传质不良的限制。孔隙度的空间分布通过控制局部渗透率和有效导热系数对这些过程产生关键影响。在该研究中，通过数值模拟数据训练的深度操作员网络建立了环翅片反应器中孔隙度分布与关键物理场以及性能指标之间的定量关系。然后，将预测模型与粒子群优化相结合，确定最佳孔隙率剖面，从而加速氢的吸收，并将吸附时间缩短至达到平衡容量的80%。结果表明，该模型具有较高的预测精度，温度、压力、反应分数和吸附时间的平均相对均方根误差分别为0.01%、0.1%、0.3%和2.7%。优化后的孔隙率分布呈梯度结构，从氢气入口向换热壁方向逐渐减小。优越的结构增强了主反应区域的传热传质，与平均孔隙度为0.5的均匀孔隙度床相比，吸附时间减少了12.77%。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation of NOx formation and emission control for rich-quenching-lean combustion strategy burning ammonia 燃烧氨的富淬贫燃烧策略NOx生成及排放控制研究

IF 8.3 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153664

Zongming Yu , Hongjuan He , Yue Wang , Chunjie Liu , Yimin Huang

This study investigated the rich-quenching-lean (RQL) strategy’s combustion process, focusing on fuel-bound nitrogen migration. A chemical reactor network model with ammonia reaction kinetics was utilized to predict chemical behavior. The ammonia is primarily converted to N₂ in the rich zone within a sufficient residence time. The theoretical analysis and numerical results show that the flow affects ammonia consumption in the rich zone. Amid turbulence, the ammonia residual decreases linearly with increasing residence time. In a plug flow, the unburned ammonia concentration decreases exponentially along the axial coordinate. A numerical experiment was conducted over a large parameter space to explore the RQL combustion strategy’s limits on NOx emissions performance, showing that the rich zone equivalence and ammonia cracking ratios govern the minimum achievable NOx emissions. Moreover, the minimum simulated NOx emissions (35.9 ppm@15%O

_{2}

) exceeds the regulatory limits, indicating that the RQL strategy alone cannot achieve compliance-grade emissions control when burning ammonia.

本文研究了富淬贫（RQL）策略的燃烧过程，重点研究了燃料结合态氮的迁移。利用氨反应动力学的化学反应器网络模型对化学行为进行了预测。在富区里，氨在足够的停留时间内主要转化为N2。理论分析和数值结果表明，流动对富区氨耗有影响。在湍流中，氨残留量随停留时间的增加而线性减少。在塞流中，未燃氨浓度沿轴向坐标呈指数递减。通过大参数空间的数值实验，探讨了RQL燃烧策略对NOx排放性能的限制，结果表明，富区当量和氨裂解比控制了可实现的最小NOx排放。此外，最小模拟NOx排放量（35.9 ppm@15%O2）超过了法规限值，表明仅靠RQL策略无法实现燃烧氨时的合规级排放控制。

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引用次数: 0

Dry reforming of methane: thermodynamic, kinetic and catalyst coking investigations 甲烷干重整：热力学、动力学和催化剂焦化研究

IF 8.3 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153769

Robert Cherbański , Stanisław Murgrabia , Tomasz Kotkowski , Valentin L'hospital , Eugeniusz Molga , Andrzej Stankiewicz

This study investigates the performance of dry reforming of methane (DRM) using a novel bifunctional Fe/C catalyst within the framework of sustainable hydrogen and syngas production. DRM offers the dual benefit of converting two major greenhouse gases, CH₄ and CO₂, into an equimolar mixture of H₂ and CO, suitable for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and clean fuel production. Despite its potential, DRM is challenged by high endothermicity, catalyst coking leading to catalyst deactivation. This work combines thermodynamic and kinetic analyses to evaluate catalyst performance and process optimization. Gibbs free energy minimization was employed to determine equilibrium limits on conversion, product distribution, and carbon formation, highlighting the critical roles of temperature, pressure, and feed composition. Experimental studies using thermogravimetric analysis coupled with gas chromatography assessed kinetic behaviour, H₂ and CO formation rates, and catalyst coking. The Fe/C catalyst demonstrated significantly lower activation energies, superior CH₄ and CO₂ conversions, and improved H₂ and CO yields compared to the majority of catalysts. Catalyst coking was systematically studied, showing dependence on reactant partial pressures and temperature, with results aligning with thermodynamic predictions.

本文研究了一种新型双功能Fe/C催化剂在可持续制氢和合成气框架下甲烷干重整（DRM）的性能。DRM提供了双重好处，将两种主要的温室气体CH4和CO2转化为H2和CO的等摩尔混合物，适用于费托合成和清洁燃料生产。尽管具有潜力，但DRM受到高吸热性的挑战，催化剂焦化导致催化剂失活。这项工作结合了热力学和动力学分析来评估催化剂的性能和工艺优化。Gibbs自由能最小化被用来确定转化、产物分布和碳形成的平衡极限，强调了温度、压力和进料组成的关键作用。实验研究使用热重分析和气相色谱法评估动力学行为、H2和CO生成速率以及催化剂焦化。与大多数催化剂相比，Fe/C催化剂的活化能显著降低，CH4和CO2转化率显著提高，H2和CO产量显著提高。对催化剂焦化进行了系统的研究，结果表明焦化与反应物分压和温度有关，结果与热力学预测一致。

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引用次数: 0

Performance assessment of a solar-geothermal based Organic Rankine Cycle system producing green hydrogen 基于太阳能-地热的有机朗肯循环系统生产绿色氢的性能评估

IF 8.3 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153726

Yagmur Nalbant Atak

This study presents a comprehensive thermodynamic (energy and exergy) analysis of a solar–geothermal-based Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system integrated with a proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer for green hydrogen production. The system simultaneously harnesses the continuous heat of a geothermal source and the intermittent solar thermal input to ensure stable hydrogen generation. The effects of key operating parameters (solar radiation intensity, production well temperature, inlet temperature of the PTSC fluid, and ORC and PTSC working fluid types were investigated. The results reveal that higher solar radiation intensities significantly enhance both power generation and hydrogen yield, increasing the hydrogen production rate from 22.9 to 24.3 kg/h and the net electrical output from 4.17 to 4.41 MW. Similarly, increasing the geothermal well temperature from 400 K to 600 K significantly enhances hydrogen production, rising from 15.9 to 45.5 kg/h, and increases the net power output by approximately 185 %. However, the exergy efficiency decreases slightly from 0.26 to 0.17 due to increased irreversibilities at higher temperatures. The optimal working pair was determined to be R134a for the ORC and Therminol VP1 for the PTSC, achieving an electrical efficiency of 9.27 %, exergy efficiency of 25.13 %, and hydrogen production rate of 29.02 kg/h. In addition, the exergy analysis showed that the PTSC (∼35 %) and condenser (∼24.6 %) are the dominant sources of irreversibility. Finally, the Taguchi optimization identified the optimal configuration (Gb = 3.50 × 10⁻⁴ MW/m², T_a = 500 K, T₁₁ = 600 K, and ORC fluid = R134a) yielding the highest overall efficiency and robust performance under variable operating conditions.

本研究对太阳能-地热有机朗肯循环（ORC）系统进行了全面的热力学（能量和火用）分析，该系统集成了质子交换膜（PEM）电解槽，用于绿色制氢。该系统同时利用地热资源的连续热量和间歇性的太阳能热输入，以确保稳定的氢气生成。考察了关键操作参数（太阳辐射强度、生产井温度、PTSC流体入口温度、ORC和PTSC工作流体类型）的影响。结果表明，较高的太阳辐射强度显著提高了发电效率和产氢率，使产氢率从22.9 kg/h提高到24.3 kg/h，净发电量从4.17 MW提高到4.41 MW。同样，将地热井温度从400 K提高到600 K，可以显著提高氢气产量，从15.9 kg/h增加到45.5 kg/h，并增加净发电量约185%。然而，由于高温下不可逆性的增加，火用效率从0.26略微下降到0.17。ORC的最佳工作对为R134a， PTSC的最佳工作对为Therminol VP1，电效率为9.27%，火用效率为25.13%，产氢率为29.02 kg/h。此外，火用分析表明，PTSC（~ 35%）和冷凝器（~ 24.6%）是不可逆性的主要来源。最后，Taguchi优化确定了最优配置（Gb = 3.50 × 10−4 MW/m2, Ta = 500 K, T11 = 600 K， ORC流体= R134a），在可变操作条件下获得最高的整体效率和稳健性能。

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引用次数: 0

Acoustic emission characteristics of salt cavern hydrogen storage reservoir perimeter rock under gas loading 气载作用下盐穴储氢库周缘岩石声发射特征

IF 8.3 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153720

Jing Li , Wenbo Guo , Tongtao Wang , Tao He , Dongzhou Xie , Youqiang Liao , Chufan Liu , Tianfu Yang

The surrounding rock of underground hydrogen storage salt caverns is subjected to cyclic gas loading within a stress range during actual operation. To investigate the impact of cyclic gas pressure on the stability of the surrounding rock in salt cavern gas storage, this study systematically analysed the microcrack evolution mechanisms in the surrounding rock under constant and cyclic gas pressure conditions using a large-scale, cavity-bearing salt rock physical model test, combined with real-time acoustic emission (AE) monitoring technology. The experiment simulated the actual working conditions of the salt cavern gas storage, using axial stress of 36.5 MPa and confining pressure of 34.5 MPa, and simulated the cyclic injection and extraction process with a cyclic gas pressure (15–25 MPa). The results indicate that, compared to constant gas pressure, the proportion of tensile cracks significantly increases under cyclic gas pressure, suggesting that cyclic pressure shifts the crack propagation from a shear-dominated to a tensile-dominated. Cyclic gas pressure results in an increase in AE counts, with the peak frequency distribution widening to 400–500 kHz, and the median amplitude increasing from 51 dB to 54 dB, reflecting greater energy release and damage accumulation. The AE b-value decreases to 1.45 during the cyclic phase (compared to 2.06 during the constant pressure phase), and its decreasing trend is negatively correlated with the crack propagation rate. During the cyclic gas pressure loading phase, both axial and radial strain magnitudes are higher than those under constant gas pressure loading, with strain fluctuations being highly synchronised with the pressure cycle. This study reveals the mechanism by which cyclic gas pressure exacerbates surrounding rock damage, providing experimental evidence for the safe design and optimisation of injection and extraction strategies in salt cavern gas storage.

地下储氢盐穴在实际运行过程中，围岩在一定应力范围内承受循环气体载荷。为研究循环气体压力对盐穴储气库围岩稳定性的影响，采用大型含空腔盐岩物理模型试验，结合实时声发射（AE）监测技术，系统分析了恒定和循环气体压力条件下围岩微裂纹演化机制。实验模拟了盐穴储气库的实际工况，采用轴向应力为36.5 MPa，围压为34.5 MPa，模拟了循环气体压力（15 ~ 25 MPa）下的循环注抽过程。结果表明：与恒定气体压力相比，循环气体压力下拉伸裂纹的比例显著增加，表明循环压力使裂纹的扩展方式由剪切为主转变为拉伸为主；循环气体压力导致声发射次数增加，峰值频率分布扩大到400 ~ 500 kHz，中位振幅从51 dB增加到54 dB，反映出更大的能量释放和损伤积累。循环阶段声发射b值降至1.45（恒压阶段为2.06），其减小趋势与裂纹扩展速率呈负相关。在气体压力循环加载阶段，轴向应变和径向应变均高于恒定气体压力加载阶段，应变波动与压力循环高度同步。该研究揭示了循环气体压力加剧围岩损伤的机理，为盐穴储气库注采策略的安全设计与优化提供了实验依据。

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