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Nanoporous nonprecious multi-metal alloys as multisite electrocatalysts for efficient overall water splitting 纳米多孔非贵重多金属合金作为高效整体水分解的多位点电催化剂
IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.422
Lvrui Li , Haicheng Xuan , Jie Wang , Xiaohong Liang , Yuping Li , Zhida Han , Long Cheng
Developing robust nonprecious metal-based electrocatalysts toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is essential for hydrogen production via electrochemical water splitting. Herein, the NiFeCoCuTi alloy is described as a multisite electrocatalyst for highly effective hydrogen and oxygen evolution in alkaline environments. This is achieved by utilizing heterogeneous atoms on the surface that exhibit distinct adsorption behaviors for hydrogen and hydroxyl, thereby accelerating the dissociation of water and mediating the adsorption of hydrogen intermediates required for molecule formation. The monolithic nanoporous multi-metal NiFeCoCuTi alloy electrode displays remarkable alkaline HER and OER electrocatalysis, exhibiting low overpotentials of 48.7 and 264.2 mV, respectively, to deliver a current density of 10 mA cm−2. Furthermore, it demonstrates exceptional stability for over 100 h in 1 M KOH electrolyte. The exceptional qualities of nanoporous NiFeCoCuTi alloy electrodes make them a highly desirable option for utilization as the cathode and anode material in water electrolysis, which produces hydrogen. They also imply that this is the optimal platform for the development of multisite electrocatalysts.
开发出性能稳定的非贵金属基析氢反应(HER)和析氧反应(OER)电催化剂是实现电化学水裂解制氢的必要条件。在此,NiFeCoCuTi合金被描述为在碱性环境中高效析氢和析氧的多位点电催化剂。这是通过利用表面上对氢和羟基表现出不同吸附行为的异质原子来实现的,从而加速了水的解离,并介导了分子形成所需的氢中间体的吸附。单片纳米多孔多金属NiFeCoCuTi合金电极表现出良好的碱性HER和OER电催化作用,其过电位分别为48.7和264.2 mV,电流密度为10 mA cm−2。此外,它在1 M KOH电解质中表现出超过100小时的优异稳定性。纳米多孔NiFeCoCuTi合金电极的卓越品质使其成为水电解(产生氢气)中阴极和阳极材料的非常理想的选择。他们还暗示这是开发多位点电催化剂的最佳平台。
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引用次数: 0
A tri-level stochastic model for operational planning of microgrids with hydrogen refuelling station-integrated energy hubs 加氢站集成能源枢纽微电网运行规划的三层随机模型
IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.401
Ahmad Rezaee Jordehi , Seyed Amir Mansouri , Marcos Tostado-Véliz , Murodbek Safaraliev , Seyed Mehdi Hakimi , Mohammad Nasir
Energy hubs are efficient energy systems in which multiple energy carriers are converted, conditioned and stored to supply multiple forms of energy demands such as electricity, gas and heat. On the other hand, the penetration of fuel cell vehicles in transportation sector is increasing. The role of hydrogen refuelling stations is to inject hydrogen into fuel cell vehicles. A hydrogen refuelling station may absorb its required electricity from an energy hub. The operational planning of the microgrids with hydrogen refuelling station-integrated energy hubs has not been addressed before; therefore, the main goal of this research is to develop a hierarchical stochastic framework for operational planning of isolated microgrids with hydrogen refuelling station-integrated energy hubs, considering the uncertainties. In a hierarchical framework, the players are not obliged to submit their models to a central agent, so the privacy of players is preserved; moreover, it is computationally inexpensive. Mixed-integer linear programming models are used for hydrogen refuelling stations and energy hubs, while a mixed-integer quadratic programming model is used for modeling microgrid. CPLEX and GUROBI solvers are respectively used for solving the developed models. SCENRED module is used for scenario reduction. The studied microgrid is a renewable-rich 69-bus radial network. The findings approve the efficiency of the proposed methodology. The impact of batteries and wind generators on the operation of energy hubs has been evaluated.
能源枢纽是一种高效的能源系统,其中多种能源载体经过转换、调节和储存,以满足电力、天然气和热能等多种形式的能源需求。另一方面,燃料电池汽车在交通运输领域的渗透率正在增加。加氢站的作用是向燃料电池汽车注入氢气。氢燃料补给站可以从能源中心吸收所需的电力。具有加氢站集成能源枢纽的微电网的运行规划以前没有得到解决;因此,本研究的主要目标是在考虑不确定性的情况下,为具有加氢站集成能源枢纽的孤立微电网的运行规划开发一个分层随机框架。在等级框架中,玩家没有义务将他们的模型提交给中央代理,因此玩家的隐私得到了保护;此外,它在计算上很便宜。加氢站和能源枢纽采用混合整数线性规划模型,微电网采用混合整数二次规划模型。分别使用CPLEX和GUROBI求解器对所建立的模型进行求解。SCENRED模块用于场景还原。所研究的微电网是一个可再生能源丰富的69总线径向网络。调查结果证实了所建议的方法的效率。已经评估了电池和风力发电机对能源中心运行的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of biochar prepared at different pyrolysis temperatures on the methane production and microbial community structure of food waste anaerobic digestion 不同热解温度制备的生物炭对食物垃圾厌氧消化产甲烷和微生物群落结构的影响
IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.335
Jiakang Li , Chunsheng Qiu , Nannan Liu , Xu Chen , Yaping Zhang , Chenchen Wang , Li Qi , Shaopo Wang
Biochars were prepared through the pyrolysis of sawdust at 300 °C, 500 °C, and 700 °C, respectively, under oxygen-limited conditions. The basic physicochemical properties of biochars were explored by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), surface area and porosity analyzer (BET), and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The effects of biochar addition on the methane yield and microbial community structure of anaerobic digestion of food waste were also investigated. SEM images showed that biochar had a honeycomb-like pore structure, EDS analysis showed that the C content in the biochar tended to increase, and the O contents tended to decrease with the increasing temperature. The specific surface area of biochars increased from 1.2014 m2/g (300 °C) to 326.8435 m2/g (700 °C). FTIR analysis showed that the number of different surface functional groups decreased with the increasing temperature. The addition of biochar could increase the cumulative methane volume by 11.63%–25.18%. High-throughput sequencing results showed that biochar addition could increase the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Spirochaetota, which were associated with the degradation of refractory organic matters. Meanwhile, biochar addition could enrich the relative abundance of methanogens participating in direct electron transfer (Methanosaeta and Methanosarcina), and methanogens producing methane through multiple pathways (Methanobacterium and Methanosarcina). The addition of biochar derived at 700 °C significantly increased the relative abundance of Methanobacterium and Methanosarcina from 1.96% and 0.70% (control group) to 32.68% and 64.69%, respectively and improved methane production by transforming acetoclastic/hydrogenotrophic methanogenic pathways to more metabolically diverse methanogenic pathways.
在限氧条件下,分别在300℃、500℃和700℃条件下热解木屑制备生物炭。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、比表面积和孔隙度分析仪(BET)和傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)对生物炭的基本理化性质进行了研究。研究了添加生物炭对食物垃圾厌氧消化甲烷产量和微生物群落结构的影响。SEM图像显示,生物炭具有蜂窝状孔隙结构,EDS分析显示,随着温度的升高,生物炭中C含量有升高的趋势,O含量有降低的趋势。生物炭的比表面积从1.2014 m2/g(300℃)增加到326.8435 m2/g(700℃)。FTIR分析表明,随着温度的升高,不同表面官能团的数量减少。添加生物炭可使累积甲烷体积增加11.63% ~ 25.18%。高通量测序结果显示,添加生物炭可增加与难降解有机物降解相关的Bacteroidetes、Chloroflexi、Firmicutes、Proteobacteria和Spirochaetota的相对丰度。同时,添加生物炭可以增加参与直接电子转移的产甲烷菌(Methanosaeta和Methanosarcina)和多途径产甲烷菌(Methanobacterium和Methanosarcina)的相对丰度。在700℃条件下添加生物炭可显著提高甲烷菌群和甲烷菌群的相对丰度,分别从1.96%和0.70%(对照组)提高到32.68%和64.69%,并通过将丙酮裂解/氢营养产甲烷途径转化为代谢更多样化的产甲烷途径来提高甲烷产量。
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引用次数: 0
Advancing hydrogen storage: Development and verification of a high-pressure permeation test setup for polymeric barrier materials 推进储氢:聚合物阻隔材料高压渗透测试装置的开发和验证
IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.215
Thomas Hafner , Johannes Macher , Stefan Brandstätter , Alexander Trattner
Polymers are essential materials for high-pressure hydrogen systems, especially in type IV and V hydrogen storage tanks. Extreme operating conditions, with pressures up to 875 bar and temperatures from −40 °C to 85 °C pose serious challenges for these polymeric materials. In particular, the permeation of hydrogen through such materials, a key property for these applications, is strongly influenced by these environmental conditions. A new permeation test setup for pressures up to 1000 bar and a temperature range of 0–85 °C was developed to characterize the hydrogen permeation properties of polymer materials and to evaluate their suitability for storage applications. The reproducibility of the permeation coefficients obtained with the permeation test setup was verified within this work, by repeated tests with pressures of up to 800 bar on high-density polyethylene. In addition, calculations of statistical deviation and error propagation were performed to further validate the performance of the test setup.
聚合物是高压氢气系统,特别是IV型和V型储氢罐的必备材料。极端的工作条件,压力高达875 bar,温度从- 40°C到85°C,对这些聚合物材料构成了严峻的挑战。特别是,氢通过这些材料的渗透,这是这些应用的关键特性,受到这些环境条件的强烈影响。开发了一种新的渗透测试装置,可在压力高达1000 bar,温度范围为0-85°C的情况下测试聚合物材料的氢渗透特性,并评估其存储应用的适用性。在这项工作中,通过对高密度聚乙烯进行高达800 bar压力的重复测试,验证了通过渗透测试装置获得的渗透系数的重复性。此外,还进行了统计偏差和误差传播的计算,以进一步验证测试装置的性能。
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引用次数: 0
Size-dependent nanoconfinement effects in magnesium hydride 氢化镁中尺寸依赖的纳米约束效应
IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.233
Lijun Fang , ChenKai Liu , Yonghong Feng , Zefan Gao , Shilong Chen , Mingye Huang , Han Ge , Linbin Huang , Zhengyang Gao , Weijie Yang
Nanoconfinement effect is crucial to improve the dehydrogenation kinetics of MgH2. However, the underlying micro-mechanism for nanoconfinement effect of carbon-based carrier on MgH2 nanoparticles is still ambiguous, hindering the design of carbon-based nanoconfined MgH2 nanoparticles. To address this dilemma, we applied density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the interaction between carbon-based carrier and MgH2 nanoparticles. To analyze this issue, we designed various systems of carbon nanotubes nanoconfined MgH2 nanoparticles, with the range of particle size/pore size ratio from 0.3 to 0.8. The interaction strength between carbon-based carrier and MgH2 nanoparticles gradually increases with the increase of particle size/pore size ratio, and the dehydrogenation temperature decreases with the increase of particle size/pore size ratio. The electron of carbon-based carrier will transfer to MgH2 nanoparticles, leading to the weakening of Mg–H bonds. The weakened Mg–H bonds corresponding to lower dehydrogenation barrier, which is consistent with the phenomenon that the dehydrogenation temperature is inversely proportional to particle size/pore size ratio in calculations and experiments. This work not only elucidates the size-dependent nanoconfinement effects on MgH2 from a microscopic perspective, but also provides the theoretical basis for the design and development of carbon-based nanoconfined MgH2 nanoparticles.
纳米约束效应是改善MgH2脱氢动力学的关键。然而,碳基载体对MgH2纳米颗粒的纳米约束作用的微观机制仍然不明确,这阻碍了碳基纳米限制MgH2纳米颗粒的设计。为了解决这一难题,我们应用密度泛函理论(DFT)计算来研究碳基载体与MgH2纳米颗粒之间的相互作用。为了分析这一问题,我们设计了多种碳纳米管纳米限制MgH2纳米颗粒体系,粒径/孔径比范围为0.3 ~ 0.8。碳基载体与MgH2纳米颗粒的相互作用强度随着粒径/孔径比的增大而逐渐增大,脱氢温度随着粒径/孔径比的增大而降低。碳基载体的电子会转移到MgH2纳米粒子上,导致Mg-H键的减弱。Mg-H键越弱,脱氢势垒越低,这与计算和实验中脱氢温度与粒径/孔径比成反比的现象一致。本研究不仅从微观角度阐明了纳米限制对MgH2的影响,而且为碳基纳米限制MgH2纳米颗粒的设计和开发提供了理论依据。
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引用次数: 0
Topology optimization of microreactors for hydrogen production by ammonia catalytic decomposition 氨催化分解制氢微反应器的拓扑优化
IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.369
Chao Guo, Li Chen, Wenquan Tao
Microreactor is a promising technique for producing hydrogen by ammonia catalytic decomposition. In this study, a topology optimization (TO) model is developed to optimize the distribution of porous catalysts in microreactors to improve the conversion from ammonia (NH3) to hydrogen (H₂), which considers the fully coupled processes of flow, heat transfer, mass transport and reaction with variable physical properties. Dual objectives of reducing the flow resistance and decreasing the average temperature of the microreactor are employed for the TO model to generate innovative structures. The effects of different weight coefficients, input heat, volume fractions of the catalyst, and microreactor sizes on TO structures are explored. As validated by three-dimensional (3D) simulations, the TO microreactor can obtain lower pressure drop, lower average temperature, and higher NH3 conversion compared to traditional microreactors. At a weight coefficient of 0.95 and a catalyst volume fraction of 0.6, the optimized microreactor shows a 5.78% increase in NH3 conversion, an 18.05% decrease in pressure drop, and a 4.26% decrease in average temperature compared to the traditional straight-channel microreactor. Finally, it is interesting to find that all TO structures generated are characterized by the gradually decreased size of the catalyst block along the flow direction which allows more NH3 to be decomposed at higher temperature regions with higher reaction rates, leading to higher conversion. The present study provides valuable insights for the design of next generation microreactors with enhanced performance.
微反应器是一种很有前途的氨催化分解制氢技术。为了优化多孔催化剂在微反应器中的分布,提高氨(NH3)到氢(H 2)的转化率,本研究建立了一种拓扑优化(TO)模型,该模型考虑了流动、传热、传质和变物性反应的全耦合过程。TO模型采用降低流动阻力和降低微反应器平均温度的双重目标来生成创新结构。探讨了不同重量系数、输入热量、催化剂体积分数和微反应器尺寸对TO结构的影响。三维仿真结果表明,与传统微反应器相比,TO微反应器具有更低的压降、更低的平均温度和更高的NH3转化率。在质量系数为0.95、催化剂体积分数为0.6的条件下,优化后的反应器NH3转化率比传统直通道反应器提高了5.78%,压降降低了18.05%,平均温度降低了4.26%。最后,有趣的是,所有生成的to结构都表现为催化剂链段尺寸沿流动方向逐渐减小,这使得更多的NH3在更高的温度区域以更高的反应速率分解,从而导致更高的转化率。本研究为下一代高性能微反应器的设计提供了有价值的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Strategies for optimizing sunlight conversion in semiconductor photocatalysts: A review of experimental and theoretical insights 优化半导体光催化剂中太阳光转换的策略:实验和理论综述
IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.388
Irshad Ahmad , Mohammed Qasem Alfaifi , Samia Ben Ahmed , Marwan M. Abduljawad , Yasser A. Alassmy , Sultan A. Alshuhri , Tensangmu Lama Tamang
Photocatalysis via sunlight conversion holds an enormous potential for tackling universal energy demand and environmental pollution. However, the inadequate conversion of irradiated sunlight severely limits the efficiency of semiconductor photocatalysts, where usually responsible factors, including light absorption, separation of photo-generated electron-hole pairs, and interfacial charge kinetics do not contribute efficiently. Herein, the recent advances in the most versatile and emerging design strategies as viable routes to overcome inadequate sunlight conversion efficiency in photocatalytic applications are discussed. This review first introduces various design strategies to expand the spectral response of photocatalysts, which extend light harvesting toward a large fraction of the solar spectrum, and dictate how photons' high potential is utilized to generate electron-hole pairs. We then discuss efficient strategies to obtain high separation of electron-hole pairs, and—when compared to high recombination loss of charge carriers—increased lifetime plays a pivotal role in promoting sunlight conversion. Furthermore, to elucidate the relationship between charge kinetics and sunlight conversion, the next section includes an in-depth discussion of various strategies, which clarify that charge migration and subsequent utilization can be enhanced by manipulating charge kinetics. Novel insights into the future views, which illustrate how high-performance photocatalysts require enhanced sunlight conversion, are also discussed. This review offers guidance toward emerging photocatalytic strategies for improved sunlight conversion.
通过太阳光转换的光催化在解决普遍的能源需求和环境污染方面具有巨大的潜力。然而,照射阳光的转换不足严重限制了半导体光催化剂的效率,其中通常负责的因素,包括光吸收,光产生的电子-空穴对的分离,以及界面电荷动力学不能有效地发挥作用。本文讨论了在光催化应用中,最通用的和新兴的设计策略的最新进展,作为克服不充分的阳光转换效率的可行途径。本文首先介绍了扩大光催化剂光谱响应的各种设计策略,这些设计策略将光收集扩展到太阳光谱的很大一部分,并规定了如何利用光子的高势来产生电子-空穴对。然后,我们讨论了获得电子-空穴对高分离的有效策略,并且-与电荷载流子的高复合损失相比-增加寿命在促进阳光转换中起着关键作用。此外,为了阐明电荷动力学和阳光转换之间的关系,下一节将深入讨论各种策略,阐明可以通过操纵电荷动力学来增强电荷迁移和随后的利用。对未来观点的新见解,说明了高性能光催化剂如何需要增强阳光转换,也进行了讨论。这一综述为新兴的光催化策略提供了指导,以改善阳光转换。
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引用次数: 0
Novel technologies for optimization of hydroelectric power plants with hydrogen energy storage system 水力发电厂储氢系统优化新技术
IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.307
YuV. Kazantsev, D.V. D.V. Kornilovich, A.I. Khalyasmaa, A.A. Arhipov, A.V. Miklukhin, L. Yu Sergievichev, M.V. Tsuran
An analytical equation for limiting the minimum reactive power of a salient-pole generator according to the condition of ensuring static stability for a given safety factor, current active power and voltage is obtained. Overall, group reactive power controllers have proven to be a highly effective solution for controlling reactive power in power systems. They offer several advantages over traditional individual controllers, including increased system stability, reduced losses, and reduced costs. When designing and deploying these controllers, it is important to consider factors such as system topology, load characteristics, and more. Overall, group reactive power controllers represent a promising technology for improving the efficiency and reliability of power systems, and further research and development in this area is needed.
在给定的安全系数、电流有功功率和电压条件下,给出了保证静稳定性的凸极发电机最小无功功率的解析方程。总体而言,群无功控制器已被证明是控制电力系统无功功率的一种非常有效的解决方案。与传统的单个控制器相比,它们有几个优点,包括提高系统稳定性、减少损耗和降低成本。在设计和部署这些控制器时,重要的是要考虑系统拓扑、负载特性等因素。总体而言,群无功控制器是一种很有前途的技术,可以提高电力系统的效率和可靠性,需要进一步的研究和开发。
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引用次数: 0
3 nm-sized porous graphene-based anion exchange membranes for efficient and stable water electrolysis 3纳米多孔石墨烯基阴离子交换膜用于高效稳定的水电解
IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.299
Xiang Liu , Ailing Zhang , Hao Yu , Liang Chen , Lei Zhang , Yong Zhao , Jialu Li , Weiqi Zhang , Zhiting Zhou , Yongyan Zhou , Yuanyuan Wang , Jian Zhen Ou
Alkaline water electrolysis is one of the primary drivers of hydrogen energy development, and anion exchange membranes (AEMs) play a dual role in ensuring both conductivity and safety. However, traditional polymer AEMs have a wide pore size distribution and poor chemical stability, making it difficult to achieve a long-term balance between conductivity and safety of the water electrolysis system. Here, we select inorganic two-dimensional multilayer graphene oxide (GO) membranes as AEMs, using carboxylated wrinkled graphene (WG) and ethylenediamine (EDA) to create a cation-modified porous EDA-WG/GO (E-W/G) composite membrane with a 3 nm pore size. The enlarged channel size and enhanced hydrophilicity improve OH permeability compared to the pristine GO membrane, while the strengthened hydration layer acts as a barrier to hydrophobic gases for O2/H2 separation. The results show that the prepared E-W/G membrane exhibits superior current density (600 mA cm−2) and gas impermeability (gas purity 99.99%) compared to the commercial Fumasep FAA-3-50 membrane (590 mA cm−2 and 99.81%, respectively). Furthermore, after continuous testing for 168 h in high-temperature and alkaline environments, the E-W/G membrane maintained conductivity comparable to its initial state and showed enhanced gas impermeability. Our strategy provides new insights into the design of high-performance AEMs and is expected to contribute to the advancement of the hydrogen energy industry.
碱水电解是氢能发展的主要驱动力之一,而阴离子交换膜(AEMs)在确保电导率和安全性方面发挥着双重作用。然而,传统聚合物AEMs的孔径分布较宽,化学稳定性较差,难以实现水电解系统导电性与安全性的长期平衡。本文选择无机二维多层氧化石墨烯(GO)膜作为AEMs,采用羧化皱化石墨烯(WG)和乙二胺(EDA)制备了孔径为3nm的阳离子修饰多孔EDA-WG/GO (E-W/G)复合膜。与原始氧化石墨烯膜相比,增大的通道尺寸和增强的亲水性提高了OH -渗透性,而强化的水合层作为疏水气体的屏障,用于O2/H2分离。结果表明,制备的E-W/G膜具有良好的电流密度(600 mA cm−2)和气体不透气性(气体纯度99.99%),优于工业famasep fa -3-50膜(分别为590 mA cm−2和99.81%)。此外,在高温和碱性环境中连续测试168 h后,E-W/G膜保持了与初始状态相当的导电性,并表现出增强的抗气体渗透性。我们的战略为高性能AEMs的设计提供了新的见解,并有望为氢能产业的发展做出贡献。
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引用次数: 0
New insights of the imprint at the catalyst-layer/ microporous-layer interface in PEMFC after heavy duty operation of commercial vehicles 商用车重载运行后PEMFC催化剂层/微孔层界面印记的新见解
IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.10.266
Jialun Kang, Yingjian Zhou, Benhu Chen, Weibo Zheng, Bing Li, Cunman Zhang, Pingwen Ming
Structural degradation and property decay of membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) are primary causes for the stack performance and lifetime degradation. This study particularly investigates the structural damage and properties evolution of the catalyst-layer/microporous-layer (CL/MPL) interface in the MEA by conducting real-vehicle heavy-duty operational durability test and interfacial structure characterization. This research presents the first report and revelation of the causes and effects of CL/MPL interface imprints, and provides targeted advice for relieving MEA interfacial degradation. Results indicate that excessive assembly stress and stress variation during operation of stack causing the detachment of MPL materials at the region below the bipolar plate ridges is the essential cause of the imprints. The average surface contact angles of the aged CLs generally increase and the imprinted region exhibit stronger hydrophobicity than non-imprinted region due to the attachment of MPL materials. While the opposite is observed in MPL. Carbon corrosion induce structural degradation of the CL/MPL interface, leading to significant loss of carbon support and hydrophobic agent. The surface of aged CL become rougher and the pore size become more larger compared to the fresh CL. The formation of the interface imprint makes the contact between CL and MPL at the imprint region tighter, which reduces the interface resistance and inhibits the increase in ohmic polarization.
膜电极组件(MEAs)的结构退化和性能衰减是导致堆性能和寿命退化的主要原因。本研究通过实车重型操作耐久性试验和界面结构表征,重点研究了MEA中催化剂层/微孔层(CL/MPL)界面的结构损伤和性能演变。本研究首次报道并揭示了CL/MPL界面印记的原因和影响,并为缓解MEA界面退化提供了有针对性的建议。结果表明,叠层运行过程中过大的组装应力和应力变化导致MPL材料在双极板脊下区域的脱离是造成压痕的根本原因。老化CLs的平均表面接触角普遍增大,印迹区由于MPL材料的附着而表现出比非印迹区更强的疏水性。而MPL则相反。碳腐蚀导致CL/MPL界面结构退化,导致碳载体和疏水剂的大量损失。陈化后的CL表面比新鲜CL更粗糙,孔径也更大。界面压印的形成使压印区CL和MPL之间的接触更加紧密,降低了界面电阻,抑制了欧姆极化的增加。
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引用次数: 0
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