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1994 Proceedings. 44th Electronic Components and Technology Conference最新文献

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Mechanical and electrical evaluation of a bumped-substrate die-level burn-in carrier 凹凸基板模级烧蚀载体的机械和电气评价
Pub Date : 1994-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/ECTC.1994.367594
P. Thompson, M. Begay, S. Lindsey, D. Vanoverloop, B. Vasquez, S. Walker, B. Williams
A high-yield die supply has been identified as a key requirement for the viability of commercial multichip modules (MCM). The result of die or wafer level test and burn-in, (beyond the level of historical wafer probe), to provide dice with performance and reliability levels equivalent to single chip packaged dice is commonly called known good die (KGD). There are many proposed methods to obtain KGD, at varying levels of maturity, and with varying levels of cost, complexity, and potential impact on device performance and reliability. In this paper, we describe the mechanical and electrical evaluation of a temporary die-level burn-in carrier designed for use in providing known good dice. Three device types are used in this evaluation to explore the limitations of the carrier system under evaluation: a 1 M DRAM, a 128 k/spl times/8 SRAM, and a 56 k gate ASIC. Die size, and bond pad count, size and pitch all impact the applicability of the carrier system under evaluation. Mechanical evaluations performed to date include measurements of critical carrier features such as bump height, die alignment structure placement and bond pad damage caused by the carrier contacts. Electrical evaluations include continuity and electrical test performance at multiple temperatures.<>
高产量的模具供应已被确定为商业多芯片模块(MCM)可行性的关键要求。通过晶片级或晶片级测试和老化的结果,(超越历史晶片探测的水平),提供与单芯片封装的晶片性能和可靠性水平相当的晶片通常被称为已知好晶片(KGD)。有许多获得KGD的建议方法,它们的成熟度不同,成本、复杂性和对设备性能和可靠性的潜在影响也不同。在本文中,我们描述了一个临时模级烧蚀载体设计用于提供已知的好骰子的机械和电气评价。在本次评估中使用了三种器件类型来探索被评估载波系统的局限性:1 M DRAM, 128 k/spl times/8 SRAM和56 k栅极ASIC。模具尺寸、粘结垫数量、尺寸和间距都会影响所评估的载体系统的适用性。迄今为止进行的机械评估包括对关键载体特征的测量,如凹凸高度、模具对准结构位置和由载体接触引起的键合垫损坏。电气评估包括在多个温度下的连续性和电气测试性能。
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引用次数: 4
High reliability MCM packaging using low stress liquid type epoxy resin by printing encapsulation systems (PES) 采用低应力液体型环氧树脂印刷封装系统(PES)的高可靠性MCM封装
Pub Date : 1994-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/ECTC.1994.367638
A. Okuno, K. Nagai, N. Fujita, Y. Tsukasaki, N. Oyama, K. Nakahira, T. Hashimoto
MCM/sup L/ can expect to be the main current of semiconductor packaging technology in near future. BGA, PLCC and PGA packaging methods will expect much of this application. But the most pressing problem is warp after the packaging process. The warp after packaging needs to be below 150 /spl mu/m at BGA and 100 /spl mu/m at PLCC. We have already developed the Printing Encapsulation Systems (PES). PES is able to make low cost and mass produced semiconductor packaging. This paper describes the use of PES to make MCM/sup L/ semiconductor packaging. We have developed a low warp packaging epoxy resin using elastomer modified epoxy resin to fit BGA, PLCC and PGA. We verified the low stress epoxy resin using dynamic mechanical properties and internal stress measurements. We packaged BGA, PLCC and BGA with this low stress epoxy resin using PES, and measured the warp of each packaging. We obtained good results for the warp, demonstrating that using this low stress epoxy resin and PES, low cost and high reliability packaging of BGA, PLCC and PGA could be achieved.<>
MCM/sup /有望在不久的将来成为半导体封装技术的主流。BGA, PLCC和PGA封装方法将期望这种应用。但最紧迫的问题是包装后的翘曲。包装后的经纱在BGA需要低于150 /磅/米,在PLCC需要低于100 /磅/米。我们已经开发了打印封装系统(PES)。PES能够制造低成本和批量生产的半导体封装。本文介绍了利用PES制作MCM/sup /半导体封装的方法。我们利用弹性体改性环氧树脂开发了适合BGA、PLCC和PGA的低翘曲包装环氧树脂。我们通过动态力学性能和内应力测量验证了低应力环氧树脂。我们使用PES用这种低应力环氧树脂包装BGA, PLCC和BGA,并测量了每种包装的翘曲度。实验结果表明,采用这种低应力环氧树脂和聚醚砜,可以实现低成本、高可靠性的BGA、PLCC和PGA封装。
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引用次数: 1
The impact of driver impedance upon transmission line impedance 驱动器阻抗对传输线阻抗的影响
Pub Date : 1994-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/ECTC.1994.367599
R. E. Canright
The principle feature of robust design for quality is parameter design: selecting the design parameters to minimize quality loss. The tolerance in interconnection characteristic impedance (Zo) can impact the cost of a printed circuit board (PCB), multichip module (MCM), or hybrid if the tolerance is too small and the cost of the interconnect has to absorb rejected parts. This paper extends a theory of controlled impedance design that is compatible with the principles of robust design for quality. Practical applications and broad implications of this theory are demonstrated. The results are pertinent to both designers and fabricators of interconnections for high speed digital systems. Designers of digital output drivers will see the effect of driver impedance upon transmission line impedance.<>
质量稳健设计的主要特征是参数设计:选择设计参数以使质量损失最小化。如果互连特性阻抗(Zo)的公差太小,并且互连的成本必须吸收不合格部件,则会影响印刷电路板(PCB),多芯片模块(MCM)或混合电路的成本。本文扩展了一种与质量稳健设计原则相兼容的可控阻抗设计理论。论证了该理论的实际应用和广泛含义。研究结果对高速数字系统互连的设计者和制造者都有参考价值。数字输出驱动器的设计者将会看到驱动器阻抗对传输线阻抗的影响。
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引用次数: 1
Application of CFD Technology to electronic thermal management CFD技术在电子热管理中的应用
Pub Date : 1994-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/ECTC.1994.367557
T. Lee, B. Chambers, M. Mahalingam
Application of a Computational Fluids Dynamics (CFD) tool to the thermal modeling of free convection cooled handheld/portable products and component level products is assessed. The results of two case studies are reviewed. The first case focuses on a sealed, system level enclosure typical of portable consumer products; while the second case looks at a component level analysis of a sealed multichip module (MCM) package possessing an internal cavity. Temperatures predicted by the simulations are compared to available experimental data as a means of assessing the software's ability to adequately solve the coupled fluid dynamics/heat transfer problem. All simulation results were within 10% of experimental results for these two cases, indicating the software is readily capable of providing good thermal performance predictions.<>
评估了计算流体动力学(CFD)工具在自由对流冷却手持/便携式产品和组件级产品的热建模中的应用。本文回顾了两个案例研究的结果。第一个案例侧重于便携式消费产品典型的密封系统级外壳;而第二种情况则着眼于具有内部腔的密封多芯片模块(MCM)封装的组件级分析。将模拟预测的温度与现有的实验数据进行比较,作为评估软件充分解决流体动力学/传热耦合问题的能力的一种手段。在这两种情况下,所有模拟结果与实验结果的误差都在10%以内,表明该软件很容易提供良好的热性能预测
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引用次数: 49
Development of a plastic encapsulated multichip technology for high volume, low cost commercial electronics 开发一种塑料封装的多芯片技术,用于大批量、低成本的商用电子产品
Pub Date : 1994-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/ECTC.1994.367578
R. Fillion, R. Wojnarowski, T. B. Gorcyzca, E. Wildi, H. Cole
Non-military/non-computer electronics industry segments such as PCs, workstations, portable electronics, automotive, medical, automated test equipment and high end consumer, are evolving to higher complexity and higher performance circuits and components. At the same time, many of these industry segments are being driven to shrink size, weigh and power dissipation. Standard low cost packaging approaches such as thru-hole PCB and chip and wire hybrids, can no longer efficiently interconnect these more complex circuits. These industry segments are being forced to turn to new higher performance packaging approaches such as SMT, MCM and COB. This paper describes the development of an innovative embedded chip MCM technology that eliminates high cost structures, materials and processes in current thin film MCM technologies. A plastic encapsulated multichip technology has been developed in which an epoxy encapsulant is molded around bare die to form the MCM substrate. This new MCM process readily scales-up to high volume production and is inherently high yielding, while maintaining all of the performance advantages of the GE developed overlay HDI process. This paper describes the thermal, mechanical and chemical stability issues that drove this development, the process used to fabricate the modules and the cost and yield advantages associated with this structure.<>
非军事/非计算机电子工业领域,如个人电脑、工作站、便携式电子产品、汽车、医疗、自动化测试设备和高端消费者,正在向更高复杂性和更高性能的电路和组件发展。与此同时,这些行业的许多细分市场正被推动缩小尺寸、重量和功耗。标准的低成本封装方法,如通孔PCB和芯片和电线混合,不能再有效地互连这些更复杂的电路。这些行业部门正被迫转向新的高性能封装方法,如SMT, MCM和COB。本文描述了一种创新的嵌入式芯片MCM技术的发展,该技术消除了当前薄膜MCM技术中高成本的结构、材料和工艺。提出了一种塑料封装多芯片技术,该技术在裸模周围模压环氧封装剂形成MCM基板。这种新的MCM工艺很容易扩大到大批量生产,并且具有固有的高产量,同时保持了GE开发的覆盖HDI工艺的所有性能优势。本文描述了推动这一发展的热、机械和化学稳定性问题,用于制造模块的工艺以及与该结构相关的成本和产量优势
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引用次数: 32
Electrical failure of multilayer ceramic capacitors caused by high temperature and high humidity environment 高温高湿环境下多层陶瓷电容器的电气故障
Pub Date : 1994-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/ECTC.1994.367529
F. Yeung, Y. Chan
In this paper, the electrical behavior of multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCs) in strict dynamic high temperature-humidity-DC bias voltage (THB) conditions were studied and the failure model of MLCs under such conditions was proposed. It was found, if the environmental temperature and humidity rose too fast and the temperature of a MLC was lower than the dew point temperature of surrounding moist air, dewdrops would condense on the MLC surface. When DC voltage was applied, metallic ions from end terminations of the MLC would migrate along the condensed water film on the MLC surface and made a permanent short-circuiting path between two terminations. Silver and tin migrations were found by EDX detection in our experiment. It was also found that the applied DC electrical loading level had a strong influence on the fail rate of MLCs. The recovery rate of MLCs after the dynamic THB process decreased with applied DC voltage increasing. To reduce the effect of dewdrops of moist air on the reliability of MLCs, the method and speed of temperature and humidity rise are discussed.<>
本文研究了多层陶瓷电容器(MLCs)在严格的动态高温-湿-直流偏置电压(THB)条件下的电学行为,并提出了多层陶瓷电容器在这种条件下的失效模型。研究发现,如果环境温度和湿度上升过快,且MLC的温度低于周围潮湿空气的露点温度,则MLC表面会凝结露珠。当施加直流电压时,来自MLC末端的金属离子会沿着MLC表面的冷凝水膜迁移,并在两个末端之间形成永久短路路径。在我们的实验中,用EDX检测发现银和锡的迁移。研究还发现,施加的直流电负荷水平对mlc的故障率有很大的影响。动态THB处理后的MLCs回收率随外加直流电压的升高而降低。为了降低湿空气露珠对mlc可靠性的影响,讨论了温湿上升的方法和速度。
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引用次数: 13
An interface for numerical analysis of convective heat transfer from printed circuit boards 印刷电路板对流换热的数值分析界面
Pub Date : 1994-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/ECTC.1994.367602
Y. Ma
A geometrically-based user interface has been developed as a preprocessor for a numerical model of convective heat transfer from printed circuit boards (PCB). The physical problem is specified in a natural way as a collection of the control parameters and the objects that exist within the computational domain. Complicated configurations of discrete electronic components on a circuit board is represented by several simple physical objects with specified boundary conditions and heat-generating status. No reference to node or element number is needed and the input order of the objects can be arbitrary. The preprocessor program automatically sorts the coordinates of each object, subdivides the computational domain, eliminates the redundant coordinates and generates an object grid system that is consistent with the physical configurations of PCBs. This three dimensional geometrically-based object grid system is integrated to the main analysis codes for solving flow and temperature distribution. The geometrically-based model specification provides the hooks for a graphical user interface (GUI) which could be added later.<>
本文开发了一种基于几何的用户界面,作为印刷电路板(PCB)对流传热数值模型的预处理器。物理问题以一种自然的方式被指定为存在于计算域中的控制参数和对象的集合。电路板上分立电子元件的复杂结构由几个具有特定边界条件和发热状态的简单物理对象来表示。不需要引用节点号或元素号,对象的输入顺序可以是任意的。预处理器程序自动对每个对象的坐标进行排序,对计算域进行细分,剔除冗余坐标,生成与pcb物理结构一致的对象网格系统。该三维几何目标网格系统集成到主要的分析代码中,用于求解流动和温度分布。基于几何的模型规范为图形用户界面(GUI)提供了挂钩,可以稍后添加。
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引用次数: 1
LDH (laser/detector/hologram) unit for thin optical pick-up head of CD player 用于CD播放机薄光学拾取头的LDH(激光/探测器/全息图)装置
Pub Date : 1994-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/ECTC.1994.367566
A. Yoshikawa, H. Nakanishi, K. Itoh, T. Yamazaki, T. Komino, T. Musha
The LDH unit with the size of 4.8/spl times/8.2/spl times/4.3 mm for a thin optical pickup head of a CD player has been successfully developed. The technology to make the LDH unit thin and small is based upon (1) the most efficient optical combination of the low operation current laser diode with the 45/spl deg/ built-in micro-mirror which is formed on the Si photodetector substrate, (2) the thin plastic-molded flat package with good thermal dissipation, and (3) the plastic-molded holographic optical element (HOE) as a cap. The pick-up head using the LDH unit has shown good optical performance sufficient for the application to CD players.<>
成功研制了CD唱机薄光学拾取头尺寸为4.8/spl倍/8.2/spl倍/4.3 mm的LDH单元。使LDH单元薄而小的技术是基于(1)低工作电流激光二极管与在Si光电探测器衬底上形成的45/spl度/内置微镜的最有效光学组合,(2)具有良好散热的薄塑料模压平面封装,(3)塑料成型全息光学元件(HOE)作为盖子。使用LDH单元的拾取头显示出良好的光学性能,足以应用于CD播放机。
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引用次数: 11
Intra-system interconnects for digital communications 用于数字通信的系统内互连
Pub Date : 1994-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/ECTC.1994.367532
A. Deutsch, G. Arjavalingam, C. Surovic, A. P. Lanzetta, K. Fogel, F. Doany, M. Ritter
The electrical performance of three types of cables, namely coaxial, shielded ribbon and flexible-film is characterized for interconnection applications inside high-speed digital systems. Measurements are made of the cable attenuation signal propagation integrity, bit-error rate, connector discontinuities and crosstalk. The electrical parameters obtained experimentally are used in simulations to predict the bandwidth and range of useful lengths for these cables. The paper highlights the performance-limiting factors such as connector and via discontinuities, and printed-circuit-board wiring losses and the practical density and extendibility limitations are discussed.<>
同轴电缆、屏蔽带电缆和柔性薄膜电缆三种电缆的电气性能是高速数字系统内部互连应用的特点。测量了电缆衰减、信号传播完整性、误码率、连接器不连续和串扰。将实验得到的电学参数用于仿真,以预测这些电缆的带宽和有效长度范围。本文重点讨论了连接器和通孔不连续性等性能限制因素,以及印刷电路板的布线损耗、实际密度和可扩展性限制。
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引用次数: 1
Simultaneous switching noise: influence of plane-plane and plane-signal trace coupling 同时开关噪声:平面-平面及平面-信号走线耦合的影响
Pub Date : 1994-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/ECTC.1994.367513
A. Vaidyanath, B. Thoroddsen, J. Prince, A. Cangellaris
The paper presents an aspect of Simultaneous Switching Noise (SSN) for CMOS drivers in packages with power distribution planes. The analysis takes into account the interactions between power distribution planes and signal traces. Coupling between these have a significant effect on the noise and must be taken into account. A model for the interaction between the signal conductors and the current paths in the power distribution planes is presented. The presence of the signal conductors is seen to have a significant impact on the SSN. The magnitude of the noise is strongly dependent on the relative positions of the signal conductors and the power and ground plane pin connections. Power and ground planes sufficiently close to each other also have significant mutual inductive coupling. This coupling will cause noise to be observed in both distribution planes, even though switching current flows in only one plane. This effect is explained.<>
本文介绍了带配电面封装CMOS驱动器的同步开关噪声(SSN)问题。该分析考虑了配电平面和信号走线之间的相互作用。它们之间的耦合对噪声有重要影响,必须加以考虑。提出了信号导体与配电平面内电流路径相互作用的模型。信号导体的存在被认为对SSN有重大影响。噪声的大小很大程度上取决于信号导体的相对位置以及电源和地平面引脚连接。电源和地平面彼此足够接近也有显著的相互感应耦合。即使开关电流只流过一个平面,这种耦合也会在两个分配平面中观察到噪声。这个效应是可以解释的
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引用次数: 31
期刊
1994 Proceedings. 44th Electronic Components and Technology Conference
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