Manipulating neuron outgrowth and regeneration is important and attractive in the research fields of biomedical, neurological and tissue engineering. In this paper, we propose a new scheme, i.e. open-top SU-8 microfluidic channel, to generate micropatterns of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins to guide and control the neuron outgrowth in preferred directions and at designed positions by confinement in a microfluidic system. The open-top SU-8 microfluidic channel, which requires only a small volume (~0.5µl) of laminin solution to fill the two tanks and microchannel, is 20µm thick and 10µm wide. The culturing of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) was performed using injured goldfish. The experimental results verify that the open-top SU-8 microfluidic channel is not only workable but also effective for neural guidance.
{"title":"Neural Guidance by Open-Top SU-8 Microfluidic Channel","authors":"Y. Lo, Chia-Sheng Huang, W. Hsu, Chaoen Wang","doi":"10.1109/ICMENS.2004.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMENS.2004.112","url":null,"abstract":"Manipulating neuron outgrowth and regeneration is important and attractive in the research fields of biomedical, neurological and tissue engineering. In this paper, we propose a new scheme, i.e. open-top SU-8 microfluidic channel, to generate micropatterns of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins to guide and control the neuron outgrowth in preferred directions and at designed positions by confinement in a microfluidic system. The open-top SU-8 microfluidic channel, which requires only a small volume (~0.5µl) of laminin solution to fill the two tanks and microchannel, is 20µm thick and 10µm wide. The culturing of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) was performed using injured goldfish. The experimental results verify that the open-top SU-8 microfluidic channel is not only workable but also effective for neural guidance.","PeriodicalId":344661,"journal":{"name":"2004 International Conference on MEMS, NANO and Smart Systems (ICMENS'04)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115251267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Mahmoudian, M. Aagaah, G. N. Jazar, M. Mahinfalah
Micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) are microscopic mechanical systems coupled with electric or electronic circuits. MEMS have been extensively used as micro-scale high-quality oscillators, communication resonators, microphones, amplifiers and other micro-oscillators. In this investigation, mathematical model of a micro-mechanical resonator is developed subject to a full nonlinear model. The governing equation is a nonlinear parametric and hence, the stability of the system depends on the value of its parameters. The output signal of MEMS is not reliable when it is operating in a saturated or in an instable region. From a design viewpoint, a stability chart is needed to indicate the relationship between the parameters to determine when the system is stable, periodic, or unstable. Nondimensional and linearized model of the MEMS is studied and a stability diagram is developed for the system.
{"title":"Dynamics of a Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS)","authors":"N. Mahmoudian, M. Aagaah, G. N. Jazar, M. Mahinfalah","doi":"10.1109/ICMENS.2004.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMENS.2004.56","url":null,"abstract":"Micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) are microscopic mechanical systems coupled with electric or electronic circuits. MEMS have been extensively used as micro-scale high-quality oscillators, communication resonators, microphones, amplifiers and other micro-oscillators. In this investigation, mathematical model of a micro-mechanical resonator is developed subject to a full nonlinear model. The governing equation is a nonlinear parametric and hence, the stability of the system depends on the value of its parameters. The output signal of MEMS is not reliable when it is operating in a saturated or in an instable region. From a design viewpoint, a stability chart is needed to indicate the relationship between the parameters to determine when the system is stable, periodic, or unstable. Nondimensional and linearized model of the MEMS is studied and a stability diagram is developed for the system.","PeriodicalId":344661,"journal":{"name":"2004 International Conference on MEMS, NANO and Smart Systems (ICMENS'04)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115733204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The equilibrium states and their stability of micro-cantilevers used in the AFM under the noncontact and contact mode operations are studied with the energy method. The focus of the study is laid on the influence of the length of the micro-cantilever as well as its working distance from the sample surface upon the system’s equilibrium state. The findings from this study can provide useful guidance to the design of micro-cantilevers in the AFM.
{"title":"Equilibrium and Stability of Micro-Cantilevers Used in Atomic Force Microscopy","authors":"J. Zu, G. Cheng, Q. Tang","doi":"10.1109/ICMENS.2004.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMENS.2004.62","url":null,"abstract":"The equilibrium states and their stability of micro-cantilevers used in the AFM under the noncontact and contact mode operations are studied with the energy method. The focus of the study is laid on the influence of the length of the micro-cantilever as well as its working distance from the sample surface upon the system’s equilibrium state. The findings from this study can provide useful guidance to the design of micro-cantilevers in the AFM.","PeriodicalId":344661,"journal":{"name":"2004 International Conference on MEMS, NANO and Smart Systems (ICMENS'04)","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115899840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The behavior of a Capacitive Micro Strain Gauge, CMSG, consisting of two parallel plates embedded in a dielectric media, is investigated analytically and numerically. Of the particular interests to this study is the application of the Capacitive Micro Strain Gauge in on-a-chip systems for biomedical and industrial health monitoring. A combination of analytical and numerical approaches is presented to extract strain components from capacitance. The studies show that capacitance is affected by the size of dielectric. It is also explored to be a function of normal components of strain while shear components have no effect on capacitance. A suitable approach is presented to shift the actual capacitance to the theoretical capacitance.
{"title":"Investigation of a 3-D Capacitor Micro Strain Gauge for Applications in Biomedical and Industrial Health Monitoring","authors":"M. Shavandi, W. Moussa","doi":"10.1109/ICMENS.2004.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMENS.2004.83","url":null,"abstract":"The behavior of a Capacitive Micro Strain Gauge, CMSG, consisting of two parallel plates embedded in a dielectric media, is investigated analytically and numerically. Of the particular interests to this study is the application of the Capacitive Micro Strain Gauge in on-a-chip systems for biomedical and industrial health monitoring. A combination of analytical and numerical approaches is presented to extract strain components from capacitance. The studies show that capacitance is affected by the size of dielectric. It is also explored to be a function of normal components of strain while shear components have no effect on capacitance. A suitable approach is presented to shift the actual capacitance to the theoretical capacitance.","PeriodicalId":344661,"journal":{"name":"2004 International Conference on MEMS, NANO and Smart Systems (ICMENS'04)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132492761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-25DOI: 10.1109/ICMENS.2004.1508902
H. Fenniri
Self-assembly and self-organization processes are the thread that connects the reductionism of chemical reactions to the complexity and emergence of a living dynamic system. Artificial self-assembly derives its principles from nature and its processes, and uses this understanding to design nanoscale devices with predefined function. However, complex forms of organized matter cannot be synthesized bond-by-bond. Rather, a new type of synthesis based on noncovalent forces is necessary to generate functional entities from the bottom up. This growing field of the chemical sciences challenges much of the basic premises of conventional Woodwardian chemistry: The conceptualization of an organized state of matter requires in-depth understanding not only of chemical reactivity but also of noncovalent forces necessary to translate chemical information into functional superstructures.
{"title":"Self-Assembled Organic Nanotubes: A Novel Platform for Drug Design and Discovery","authors":"H. Fenniri","doi":"10.1109/ICMENS.2004.1508902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMENS.2004.1508902","url":null,"abstract":"Self-assembly and self-organization processes are the thread that connects the reductionism of chemical reactions to the complexity and emergence of a living dynamic system. Artificial self-assembly derives its principles from nature and its processes, and uses this understanding to design nanoscale devices with predefined function. However, complex forms of organized matter cannot be synthesized bond-by-bond. Rather, a new type of synthesis based on noncovalent forces is necessary to generate functional entities from the bottom up. This growing field of the chemical sciences challenges much of the basic premises of conventional Woodwardian chemistry: The conceptualization of an organized state of matter requires in-depth understanding not only of chemical reactivity but also of noncovalent forces necessary to translate chemical information into functional superstructures.","PeriodicalId":344661,"journal":{"name":"2004 International Conference on MEMS, NANO and Smart Systems (ICMENS'04)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132019522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Single-chip chemical microinstruments offer many benefits over bench-top laboratory equipment. This work presents the design, implementation, and verification of a CMOS-integrated microinstrument including voltammetric sensors and electronic interface on a single silicon substrate. Both component and system design parameters are detailed. Mixed-domain models of the system which can be simulated in a standard CAD environment are generated and used for system optimization. The integrated device was implemented by post-processing sensor structures on top of AMIS-fabricated, 0.5 µm CMOS electronics. Fabrication details are discussed and experimental device characteristics including functionality and lifetime testing are presented. The completed device has an active area of 0.6mm² with sensors sites measuring 64 µm². It operates from a 3V supply and consumes 1.6mW
{"title":"Design, Implementation, and Verification of a CMOS-Integrated Chemical Sensor System","authors":"Steven M. Martin, T. D. Strong, Richard B. Brown","doi":"10.1109/ICMENS.2004.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMENS.2004.49","url":null,"abstract":"Single-chip chemical microinstruments offer many benefits over bench-top laboratory equipment. This work presents the design, implementation, and verification of a CMOS-integrated microinstrument including voltammetric sensors and electronic interface on a single silicon substrate. Both component and system design parameters are detailed. Mixed-domain models of the system which can be simulated in a standard CAD environment are generated and used for system optimization. The integrated device was implemented by post-processing sensor structures on top of AMIS-fabricated, 0.5 µm CMOS electronics. Fabrication details are discussed and experimental device characteristics including functionality and lifetime testing are presented. The completed device has an active area of 0.6mm² with sensors sites measuring 64 µm². It operates from a 3V supply and consumes 1.6mW","PeriodicalId":344661,"journal":{"name":"2004 International Conference on MEMS, NANO and Smart Systems (ICMENS'04)","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131643720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
While novel diagnostic techniques are undoubtedly required for improved healthcare, it is unlikely that a single diagnostic tool will meet current demands for diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for a broad range of diseases. Integration of complementary tools will afford significant improvements, but it is likely that instrumental limitations will still hamper diagnostic accuracy. A combination of advanced imaging strategies and novel, disease specific molecular beacons may offer a way forward.
{"title":"Molecular Imaging: A Convergence of Technologies","authors":"M. Jackson","doi":"10.1109/ICMENS.2004.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMENS.2004.100","url":null,"abstract":"While novel diagnostic techniques are undoubtedly required for improved healthcare, it is unlikely that a single diagnostic tool will meet current demands for diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for a broad range of diseases. Integration of complementary tools will afford significant improvements, but it is likely that instrumental limitations will still hamper diagnostic accuracy. A combination of advanced imaging strategies and novel, disease specific molecular beacons may offer a way forward.","PeriodicalId":344661,"journal":{"name":"2004 International Conference on MEMS, NANO and Smart Systems (ICMENS'04)","volume":"54 24","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113933796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we studied the contact angle behaviors on heterogeneous surfaces by a mean-filed free-energy lattice Boltzmann method recently proposed [Zhang et al., Phys. Rev. E, 69, 032602, 2004]. Simulation results showed that the Cassie law was valid when the heterogeneous patterns were smaller than or of the same order to the liquid-vapor interface thickness. A droplet would move spontaneously if it experienced unbalanced Young forces on a heterogeneous surface. Such self-movements were similar to previous experimental observations. Our simulations also showed more potential of the lattice Boltzmann method in future interfacial studies.
在本文中，我们采用最近提出的平均场自由能晶格玻尔兹曼方法研究了非均质表面上的接触角行为[Zhang et al.， Phys.]。[j].电子工程学报，2004,32(2):481 - 481。仿真结果表明，当非均质模式小于液-气界面厚度或与液-气界面厚度的量级相同时，Cassie定律是有效的。如果液滴在非均匀表面上受到不平衡的杨氏力，它就会自发地运动。这种自我运动与之前的实验观察结果相似。我们的模拟也显示了晶格玻尔兹曼方法在未来界面研究中的更大潜力。
{"title":"Liquid Wettability and Micro-droplet Self-Movements on Heterogeneous Solid Surfaces","authors":"Junfeng Zhang, D. Kwok","doi":"10.1109/ICMENS.2004.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMENS.2004.90","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we studied the contact angle behaviors on heterogeneous surfaces by a mean-filed free-energy lattice Boltzmann method recently proposed [Zhang et al., Phys. Rev. E, 69, 032602, 2004]. Simulation results showed that the Cassie law was valid when the heterogeneous patterns were smaller than or of the same order to the liquid-vapor interface thickness. A droplet would move spontaneously if it experienced unbalanced Young forces on a heterogeneous surface. Such self-movements were similar to previous experimental observations. Our simulations also showed more potential of the lattice Boltzmann method in future interfacial studies.","PeriodicalId":344661,"journal":{"name":"2004 International Conference on MEMS, NANO and Smart Systems (ICMENS'04)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123881846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new method of testing the validity of the static EDL theory as applied to streaming potential was developed. By measuring the electrical potential downstream along the channel surface, one may determine the validity of the static EDL theory with the introduction of a flow field. Experimental results suggest that the direct applying of the static EDL theory to streaming potential measurement may cause great discrepancy which was usually to be ascribed to the surface conductance.
{"title":"The Validity of Static EDL Theory as Applied to Streaming Potential of Pressure-Driven Flow in Parallel-Plate Microchannels","authors":"Fuzhi Lu, D. Kwok","doi":"10.1109/ICMENS.2004.144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMENS.2004.144","url":null,"abstract":"A new method of testing the validity of the static EDL theory as applied to streaming potential was developed. By measuring the electrical potential downstream along the channel surface, one may determine the validity of the static EDL theory with the introduction of a flow field. Experimental results suggest that the direct applying of the static EDL theory to streaming potential measurement may cause great discrepancy which was usually to be ascribed to the surface conductance.","PeriodicalId":344661,"journal":{"name":"2004 International Conference on MEMS, NANO and Smart Systems (ICMENS'04)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122787168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Pope, C. Alain, A. Bergeron, H. Jerominek, O. Saint-Pé, I. Zayer, J. Bézy
An infrared imaging array based on micromachined bolometric detectors is under development. The array is designed to meet the requirements of satellite-based infrared imaging and detection applications, including cloud and earth surface temperature monitoring and forest fire monitoring. Its design makes it also suitable for terrestrial spectrometric and moderate speed imaging applications. The array consists of three parallel lines of 512 pixels on a 39 µm pitch. Each pixel includes both active and reference detectors to reduce pixel to pixel offset variation, eliminate common mode bias noise, and provide increased immunity to die temperature drift. The thin films making up the active detector structure are designed to provide high and uniform infrared absorption between 8.3 and 13 µm. The pixels are fabricated monolithically over a custom CMOS readout integrated circuit (ROIC) using a surface micromachined post-processing approach. The advanced ROIC integrates the signals of all pixels in parallel using switched capacitor correlated double sampling integrators and performs on-chip analog to digital conversion. Despite the small pixel size the projected thermal resolution over the 8-12 µm spectral band for f/1 optics is below 50 mK. In this paper we will describe the detector array design and present preliminary test results.
{"title":"Microbolometer Detector Array for Satellite-Based Thermal Infrared Imaging","authors":"T. Pope, C. Alain, A. Bergeron, H. Jerominek, O. Saint-Pé, I. Zayer, J. Bézy","doi":"10.1109/ICMENS.2004.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMENS.2004.94","url":null,"abstract":"An infrared imaging array based on micromachined bolometric detectors is under development. The array is designed to meet the requirements of satellite-based infrared imaging and detection applications, including cloud and earth surface temperature monitoring and forest fire monitoring. Its design makes it also suitable for terrestrial spectrometric and moderate speed imaging applications. The array consists of three parallel lines of 512 pixels on a 39 µm pitch. Each pixel includes both active and reference detectors to reduce pixel to pixel offset variation, eliminate common mode bias noise, and provide increased immunity to die temperature drift. The thin films making up the active detector structure are designed to provide high and uniform infrared absorption between 8.3 and 13 µm. The pixels are fabricated monolithically over a custom CMOS readout integrated circuit (ROIC) using a surface micromachined post-processing approach. The advanced ROIC integrates the signals of all pixels in parallel using switched capacitor correlated double sampling integrators and performs on-chip analog to digital conversion. Despite the small pixel size the projected thermal resolution over the 8-12 µm spectral band for f/1 optics is below 50 mK. In this paper we will describe the detector array design and present preliminary test results.","PeriodicalId":344661,"journal":{"name":"2004 International Conference on MEMS, NANO and Smart Systems (ICMENS'04)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125268076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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