Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2025.06.006
Xiaolan Fan , Xue Tian , Mingzhou Li
Global warming has intensified the threat of heat stress in pig husbandry, with the intestine emerging as a primary target of heat-induced injury. This perspective reviews recent advances in our understanding of the complex effects of heat stress on porcine intestinal health. We highlight current intervention strategies implemented in pig farming to enhance resilience against heat stress and mitigate associated intestinal damage. These strategies offer promising avenues to preserve pig health and improve productivity under rising environmental temperatures.
{"title":"Challenges of heat stress on intestinal health in pig husbandry","authors":"Xiaolan Fan , Xue Tian , Mingzhou Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2025.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2025.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global warming has intensified the threat of heat stress in pig husbandry, with the intestine emerging as a primary target of heat-induced injury. This perspective reviews recent advances in our understanding of the complex effects of heat stress on porcine intestinal health. We highlight current intervention strategies implemented in pig farming to enhance resilience against heat stress and mitigate associated intestinal damage. These strategies offer promising avenues to preserve pig health and improve productivity under rising environmental temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 6","pages":"Pages 2607-2611"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145665337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.04.007
Xuan Guo , Suying Liu , Lei Zhou , Bin Xue , Yongpeng Huang , Junwen Li , Jinyi Zhong , Chao Zhong
Chemical agents (CAs) and their analogues, as representative persistent organic pollutants, are of serious global concerns and can have devastating impacts on environments and human beings. Enzymes used for decontamination of such chemical pollutions often lack high efficacy and robustness against environmental pressures, thereby limiting their practical application in bioremediation. Here, we report living materials based on genetically engineered biofilms that exhibit remarkable enzymatic activities, superior environmental tolerance, self-regeneration, recyclable usage, and tunable functionality. We show that the designer living materials can degrade CAs and pesticides with high efficacy in an eco-friendly manner, and our systems enable actual elimination of CAs pollution in water and soil. The degradation capacity of the designer living materials can achieve more than 95% for 5 mg/ml HD, 5 mg/ml GD and 5 mg/ml VX within 60 min under laboratory conditions, and the turnover numbers of the designer living materials for HD, GD, and VX have increased by more than 1.3 times compared with free enzymes. In addition, the relative activities of the designer living materials remained almost unchanged after 5 recycles, retaining over 95% of their initial catalytic activities even after the final cycle. Combining the adhesive engineered biofilm living materials with electropositive granule media to form a bifunctional composite material, we further demonstrate coinstantaneous removal of biological and chemical pollutants in environmental water. Our work thus establishes a general approach to improve the robustness of enzymes against environmental pressures and provides a sustainable method for decontamination of chemical and biological pollutions.
{"title":"Effective disposal and remediation of chemical agents with designer living biofilm materials in soil and water","authors":"Xuan Guo , Suying Liu , Lei Zhou , Bin Xue , Yongpeng Huang , Junwen Li , Jinyi Zhong , Chao Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemical agents (CAs) and their analogues, as representative persistent organic pollutants, are of serious global concerns and can have devastating impacts on environments and human beings. Enzymes used for decontamination of such chemical pollutions often lack high efficacy and robustness against environmental pressures, thereby limiting their practical application in bioremediation. Here, we report living materials based on genetically engineered biofilms that exhibit remarkable enzymatic activities, superior environmental tolerance, self-regeneration, recyclable usage, and tunable functionality. We show that the designer living materials can degrade CAs and pesticides with high efficacy in an eco-friendly manner, and our systems enable actual elimination of CAs pollution in water and soil. The degradation capacity of the designer living materials can achieve more than 95% for 5 mg/ml HD, 5 mg/ml GD and 5 mg/ml VX within 60 min under laboratory conditions, and the turnover numbers of the designer living materials for HD, GD, and VX have increased by more than 1.3 times compared with free enzymes. In addition, the relative activities of the designer living materials remained almost unchanged after 5 recycles, retaining over 95% of their initial catalytic activities even after the final cycle. Combining the adhesive engineered biofilm living materials with electropositive granule media to form a bifunctional composite material, we further demonstrate coinstantaneous removal of biological and chemical pollutants in environmental water. Our work thus establishes a general approach to improve the robustness of enzymes against environmental pressures and provides a sustainable method for decontamination of chemical and biological pollutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 6","pages":"Pages 2571-2579"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49593086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.07.013
Yiyun Lou , Yaoqian Liu , Mingxuan Wu , Gaogan Jia , Mingyu Xia , Wenyan Li
The inner ear is one of the most complicated structures that harbor organs for the perception of sound and balance, which is deep in the temporal bone and challenging to operate. Organoids serve as promising platforms for understanding developmental processes and pathological dysfunctions and discovering therapeutic drugs and gene therapy strategies for disorders in the inner ear. To better understand the origin and application value of organoids, we reviewed the developmental history and advancement of inner ear organoid research. We summarized the cell sources of organoids and the matrices supporting their formation. The history of the research on inner ear organoids derived from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) and primary progenitor cells has been clarified in detail. We elaborated on the applications of organoids in inner ear development, hereditary deafness modeling, and hair cell (HC) regeneration strategy formulation. Finally, we mentioned limitations of the current culture methods and applications of inner ear organoids, and described several prospects for optimizing next-generation organoids of the inner ear for potential translational applications.
{"title":"Inner ear organoids: Recent progress and potential applications","authors":"Yiyun Lou , Yaoqian Liu , Mingxuan Wu , Gaogan Jia , Mingyu Xia , Wenyan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.07.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.07.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The inner ear is one of the most complicated structures that harbor organs for the perception of sound and balance, which is deep in the temporal bone and challenging to operate. Organoids serve as promising platforms for understanding developmental processes and pathological dysfunctions and discovering therapeutic drugs and gene therapy strategies for disorders in the inner ear. To better understand the origin and application value of organoids, we reviewed the developmental history and advancement of inner ear organoid research. We summarized the cell sources of organoids and the matrices supporting their formation. The history of the research on inner ear organoids derived from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) and primary progenitor cells has been clarified in detail. We elaborated on the applications of organoids in inner ear development, hereditary deafness modeling, and hair cell (HC) regeneration strategy formulation. Finally, we mentioned limitations of the current culture methods and applications of inner ear organoids, and described several prospects for optimizing next-generation organoids of the inner ear for potential translational applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 6","pages":"Pages 2926-2936"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138627511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.04.020
Jinyang Jiang , Shiyu Sui , Zhiyong Liu , Fengjuan Wang , Guoqing Geng
The green and low-carbon production of cement is the essential pathway for infrastructure sustainability and the implementation of a dual-carbon strategy. To mitigate the increasingly criticized environmental impact of cement production, silicoaluminate-based cementitious materials utilizing pozzolanic waste and low-grade materials have received considerable attention in recent years. They not only reduce CO2 emissions but also decrease the reliance on nonrenewable resources, thus promoting the sustainable development of building materials. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the latest research progress on low-carbon cementitious materials based on silicoaluminate and limestone. First, an introduction to the current low-carbon cementitious materials is provided that helps address the necessity of exploring silicoaluminate-based low-carbon cementitious materials. Then, the hydration and microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, and durability characteristics of these new cementitious materials are analyzed. Furthermore, the net benefits of this low-carbon material sustainability are summarized from a life-cycle perspective. Finally, the paper suggests some directions for future research in this field.
{"title":"Research on silicoaluminate-based low-carbon cementitious material—A state-of-the-art review","authors":"Jinyang Jiang , Shiyu Sui , Zhiyong Liu , Fengjuan Wang , Guoqing Geng","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.04.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.04.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The green and low-carbon production of cement is the essential pathway for infrastructure sustainability and the implementation of a dual-carbon strategy. To mitigate the increasingly criticized environmental impact of cement production, silicoaluminate-based cementitious materials utilizing pozzolanic waste and low-grade materials have received considerable attention in recent years. They not only reduce CO<sub>2</sub> emissions but also decrease the reliance on nonrenewable resources, thus promoting the sustainable development of building materials. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the latest research progress on low-carbon cementitious materials based on silicoaluminate and limestone. First, an introduction to the current low-carbon cementitious materials is provided that helps address the necessity of exploring silicoaluminate-based low-carbon cementitious materials. Then, the hydration and microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, and durability characteristics of these new cementitious materials are analyzed. Furthermore, the net benefits of this low-carbon material sustainability are summarized from a life-cycle perspective. Finally, the paper suggests some directions for future research in this field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 6","pages":"Pages 2799-2814"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141039080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.02.007
Li-Xin Xu , Fei Wang , Yao Yao , Minjie Yao , Yakov Kuzyakov , Guang-Hui Yu , Cong-Qiang Liu
Paddy fields, as the largest anthropogenic wetlands on Earth, face a high risk of micronutrient loss through surface runoff and leaching due to their frequent irrigation-drainage cycles, as well as removal with crop harvest. While micronutrient’s losses largely impede biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in soils, agricultural practices and mechanisms that retain micronutrients and thus increase BNF in paddy soils remain underexplored. Here we showed that the long-term (40 years) application of fertilizers increased the contents of microbial necromass in paddy soils by 20%–43% compared to the unfertilized control. In particular, long-term organic fertilizations increased poorly crystalline minerals through intensifying mineral weathering, which further contributed to the increased stable carbon burials in paddy soils. Synchrotron radiation based spectromicroscopy analysis provided direct evidence demonstrating a differential control of hydroxyl functional groups from mineral surfaces on C functional groups at the submicron scale in paddy soils. Notably, microbial necromass and short-range ordered minerals had a strong correlation with the content and bioavailability of micronutrients in paddy soils, indicating their key roles in the retention of micronutrients. Metagenomic sequencing analysis further indicated that the content and bioavailability of micronutrients were strongly correlated with the abundance of the key N-fixing genera (i.e., Azospirillum and Bradyrhizobium). Unexpectedly, structural equation modeling (SEM) identified that microbial necromass exerted the strongest control on N-fixing genera, highlighting an underappreciated role of microbial necromass as a reservoir of micronutrients. Based on micronutrient's bioavailability and metagenomic sequencing, we conclude that micronutrients are the key factor for BNF in paddy soils, offering significant implications for managing BNF in paddy soils.
{"title":"Key role of microbial necromass and iron minerals in retaining micronutrients and facilitating biological nitrogen fixation in paddy soils","authors":"Li-Xin Xu , Fei Wang , Yao Yao , Minjie Yao , Yakov Kuzyakov , Guang-Hui Yu , Cong-Qiang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paddy fields, as the largest anthropogenic wetlands on Earth, face a high risk of micronutrient loss through surface runoff and leaching due to their frequent irrigation-drainage cycles, as well as removal with crop harvest. While micronutrient’s losses largely impede biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in soils, agricultural practices and mechanisms that retain micronutrients and thus increase BNF in paddy soils remain underexplored. Here we showed that the long-term (40 years) application of fertilizers increased the contents of microbial necromass in paddy soils by 20%–43% compared to the unfertilized control. In particular, long-term organic fertilizations increased poorly crystalline minerals through intensifying mineral weathering, which further contributed to the increased stable carbon burials in paddy soils. Synchrotron radiation based spectromicroscopy analysis provided direct evidence demonstrating a differential control of hydroxyl functional groups from mineral surfaces on C functional groups at the submicron scale in paddy soils. Notably, microbial necromass and short-range ordered minerals had a strong correlation with the content and bioavailability of micronutrients in paddy soils, indicating their key roles in the retention of micronutrients. Metagenomic sequencing analysis further indicated that the content and bioavailability of micronutrients were strongly correlated with the abundance of the key N-fixing genera (i.e., Azospirillum and Bradyrhizobium). Unexpectedly, structural equation modeling (SEM) identified that microbial necromass exerted the strongest control on N-fixing genera, highlighting an underappreciated role of microbial necromass as a reservoir of micronutrients. Based on micronutrient's bioavailability and metagenomic sequencing, we conclude that micronutrients are the key factor for BNF in paddy soils, offering significant implications for managing BNF in paddy soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 6","pages":"Pages 2612-2621"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140088034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.02.008
Na Chu , Xiaobing Wu , Ziyue Zhao , Xue Zheng , Yilin Lu , Ying Pu , Yue Wang , Jiayi Cai , Lixia Zhang , Xiaohong He , Daping Li , Raymond Jianxiong Zeng , Yangyang Yu , Yong Jiang
The demand for converting CO2 into fuels or chemicals is on the rise to achieve a carbon-efficient circular economy. Biohybrid CO2 electrolysis shows potential for increasing production rates and diversifying product spectra by combining electrocatalysts and microbial catalysts. However, it is important to note that utilizing a shared catholyte for biohybrid CO2 electrolysis has not demonstrated significant performance improvements to date. In this study, we developed a biohybrid CO2 electrolysis system utilizing a solid electrolyte operating in an external mode. The produced formic acid was extracted and used as an intermediate for microbial conversion. Impressively, the solid-electrolyte CO2 electrolysers obtained a remarkable total Faradic efficiency of 81.4% for formic acid production. In-situ mechanism studies unveiled metallic tin as the probable real active site, prompting further exploration of strategies to boost the activity and stability of electrocatalysts. In the bioconversion step, we achieved a noteworthy 8-day duration for generating bioelectricity, nearly 100% electron recovery for biomethane production, and 90.8% for acetate generation. Additionally, when ethanol was co-fed, a C6 specificity of 41.1% was observed for the generation of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs). This study presents groundbreaking experimental data that demonstrates the numerous advantages of utilizing hybrid systems as advanced synthesis techniques.
{"title":"Biohybrid CO2 electrolysis under external mode: Using pure formic acid extracted from CO2 electroreduction for diverse microbial conversion","authors":"Na Chu , Xiaobing Wu , Ziyue Zhao , Xue Zheng , Yilin Lu , Ying Pu , Yue Wang , Jiayi Cai , Lixia Zhang , Xiaohong He , Daping Li , Raymond Jianxiong Zeng , Yangyang Yu , Yong Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The demand for converting CO<sub>2</sub> into fuels or chemicals is on the rise to achieve a carbon-efficient circular economy. Biohybrid CO<sub>2</sub> electrolysis shows potential for increasing production rates and diversifying product spectra by combining electrocatalysts and microbial catalysts. However, it is important to note that utilizing a shared catholyte for biohybrid CO<sub>2</sub> electrolysis has not demonstrated significant performance improvements to date. In this study, we developed a biohybrid CO<sub>2</sub> electrolysis system utilizing a solid electrolyte operating in an external mode. The produced formic acid was extracted and used as an intermediate for microbial conversion. Impressively, the solid-electrolyte CO<sub>2</sub> electrolysers obtained a remarkable total Faradic efficiency of 81.4% for formic acid production. <em>In-situ</em> mechanism studies unveiled metallic tin as the probable real active site, prompting further exploration of strategies to boost the activity and stability of electrocatalysts. In the bioconversion step, we achieved a noteworthy 8-day duration for generating bioelectricity, nearly 100% electron recovery for biomethane production, and 90.8% for acetate generation. Additionally, when ethanol was co-fed, a C<sub>6</sub> specificity of 41.1% was observed for the generation of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs). This study presents groundbreaking experimental data that demonstrates the numerous advantages of utilizing hybrid systems as advanced synthesis techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 6","pages":"Pages 2597-2606"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140091403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.05.001
Tingting Wu , Yuanzhi Li , Marc W. Cadotte , Oscar Godoy , Chengjin Chu
The relative competitive ability of native and alien species, which consists of competitive effect (CE) and response (CR), has often been invoked as a key determinant of invasion success. Previous studies have reported that an alien species with a high CE and/or a low CR would successfully invade a native species. However, no studies have yet empirically examined the hypothesis or tested the consistency of invasion outcomes predicted by the CE-CR framework and modern species coexistence theory (MCT). To fill this research gap, we conducted a pairwise competition experiment between five alien and five native species, quantified CE and CR based on their biomass in the absence and presence of one competitor, and predicted invasion outcomes based on both CE-CR and MCT frameworks. We have demonstrated theoretically that the CE and CR frequently measured in previous work are only approximations of interspecific competitive coefficients, and thus could not completely predict the invasion outcomes. As we expected, the invasion outcomes predicted by the CE-CR framework were partially consistent with the predictions by the MCT framework. Specifically, aliens with low CR and high CE tended to exclude natives, while aliens with high CR and low CE tended to be excluded by natives according to MCT. In contrast, pairs of stable coexistence and priority effects did not conform to the theoretical expectation. Despite the theoretical defects of the CE-CR framework, it can provide some useful value in predicting the invasion outcomes, especially when intrinsic growth rate and intraspecific competition coefficients are not available. Our study is the first to compare invasion outcomes separately derived from qualitative (the CE-CR framework) and quantitative (the MCT framework) methods. We recommend that future research should adopt quantitative approaches such as MCT as far as possible, to more comprehensively understand and predict the biotic outcomes of interacting species.
{"title":"Can competitive effects and responses of alien and native species predict invasion outcomes?","authors":"Tingting Wu , Yuanzhi Li , Marc W. Cadotte , Oscar Godoy , Chengjin Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The relative competitive ability of native and alien species, which consists of competitive effect (CE) and response (CR), has often been invoked as a key determinant of invasion success. Previous studies have reported that an alien species with a high CE and/or a low CR would successfully invade a native species. However, no studies have yet empirically examined the hypothesis or tested the consistency of invasion outcomes predicted by the CE-CR framework and modern species coexistence theory (MCT). To fill this research gap, we conducted a pairwise competition experiment between five alien and five native species, quantified CE and CR based on their biomass in the absence and presence of <em>one</em> competitor, and predicted invasion outcomes based on both CE-CR and MCT frameworks. We have demonstrated theoretically that the CE and CR frequently measured in previous work are only approximations of interspecific competitive coefficients, and thus could not completely predict the invasion outcomes. As we expected, the invasion outcomes predicted by the CE-CR framework were partially consistent with the predictions by the MCT framework. Specifically, aliens with low CR and high CE tended to exclude natives, while aliens with high CR and low CE tended to be excluded by natives according to MCT. In contrast, pairs of stable coexistence and priority effects did not conform to the theoretical expectation. Despite the theoretical defects of the CE-CR framework, it can provide some useful value in predicting the invasion outcomes, especially when intrinsic growth rate and intraspecific competition coefficients are not available. Our study is the first to compare invasion outcomes separately derived from qualitative (the CE-CR framework) and quantitative (the MCT framework) methods. We recommend that future research should adopt quantitative approaches such as MCT as far as possible, to more comprehensively understand and predict the biotic outcomes of interacting species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 6","pages":"Pages 2671-2677"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141025721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.07.006
Muqing Si , Wei Lu , Tao Chen
Fluorescent polymeric hydrogels (FPHs) are rising stars of luminescent materials because of their considerable prospects in a wide range of advancing domains. However, challenges exist in broadening their color tunability, which is the key to developing multicolor FPHs (MFPHs) for actual applications in cutting-edge frontiers. In this perspective, we summarize the state-of-the-art strategies for fabricating MFPHs and discuss the remaining challenges.
{"title":"Multicolor management of smart fluorescent polymeric hydrogels","authors":"Muqing Si , Wei Lu , Tao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fluorescent polymeric hydrogels (FPHs) are rising stars of luminescent materials because of their considerable prospects in a wide range of advancing domains. However, challenges exist in broadening their color tunability, which is the key to developing multicolor FPHs (MFPHs) for actual applications in cutting-edge frontiers. In this perspective, we summarize the state-of-the-art strategies for fabricating MFPHs and discuss the remaining challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 6","pages":"Pages 2832-2837"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145665392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.05.009
Can Gao , Zhagen Miao , Wallace W.H. Wong , Trevor A. Smith , Shih-Chun Lo , Wenping Hu , Ebinazar B. Namdas , Huanli Dong
Organic optoelectronics have received tremendous attentions in the past few decades, which are benefitting from the rapid development of organic semiconductors and their unique merits such as flexible design, low-cost production, and rich optoelectronic properties. Triplet excitons with two parallel electronic spins generated in the organic optoelectronic devices have significant effects on the device performance. In this review, a timely summary and brief discussion of the management and utilization of the triplet excitons in organic optoelectronic devices are given. We firstly summarized the studies and applications of triplet excitons in optical-to-electrical and electrical-to-optical devices, including solar cells, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic light-emitting transistors (OLETs). Particularly, the pioneering advances of triplet management in OLETs are reviewed for the first time. Additionally, two possible strategies for breaking the theoretical limit of internal quantum efficiency (IQE) in electroluminescent devices by fully taking the advantages of triplet excitons are proposed. Finally, the challenges and perspective of existing issues in this field for further improving the performance of optoelectronic devices and other related research directions are also provided.
{"title":"Management and utilization of triplet excitons in organic optoelectronic devices","authors":"Can Gao , Zhagen Miao , Wallace W.H. Wong , Trevor A. Smith , Shih-Chun Lo , Wenping Hu , Ebinazar B. Namdas , Huanli Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organic optoelectronics have received tremendous attentions in the past few decades, which are benefitting from the rapid development of organic semiconductors and their unique merits such as flexible design, low-cost production, and rich optoelectronic properties. Triplet excitons with two parallel electronic spins generated in the organic optoelectronic devices have significant effects on the device performance. In this review, a timely summary and brief discussion of the management and utilization of the triplet excitons in organic optoelectronic devices are given. We firstly summarized the studies and applications of triplet excitons in optical-to-electrical and electrical-to-optical devices, including solar cells, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic light-emitting transistors (OLETs). Particularly, the pioneering advances of triplet management in OLETs are reviewed for the first time. Additionally, two possible strategies for breaking the theoretical limit of internal quantum efficiency (IQE) in electroluminescent devices by fully taking the advantages of triplet excitons are proposed. Finally, the challenges and perspective of existing issues in this field for further improving the performance of optoelectronic devices and other related research directions are also provided.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 6","pages":"Pages 2862-2879"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145665434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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