Pub Date : 2025-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2025.107060
Yuyao Xie , Ning Ding , Jing Sun , Xiuli Jin , Xinhe Zhang , Ji Sun , Hongli Xu , Hao Bing , Lin Guan , Yiling Li , Ningning Wang
Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a growing health concern with limited treatment options. Here we show that oral betaine attenuates high-fat diet (HFD)–induced steatosis in mice and oleic acid–induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Betaine reduced body-weight gain, hepatic triglyceride content and Oil Red O staining, while restoring expression of miR-96-5p and lowering insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R). Gain-of-function of miR-96-5p decreased triglycerides and lipid droplets, and reporter assays confirmed direct targeting of IGF1R. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence further showed reduced IGF1R expression in HFD-fed livers treated with betaine. These findings identify a betaine–miR-96-5p–IGF1R axis that mitigates hepatic steatosis and highlight betaine as a potential therapeutic strategy for MASLD.
代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪变性肝病（MASLD）是一个日益增长的健康问题，治疗方案有限。本研究表明，口服甜菜碱可以减轻高脂肪饮食（HFD）诱导的小鼠脂肪变性和油酸诱导的HepG2细胞脂质积累。甜菜碱降低体重增加、肝脏甘油三酯含量和油红O染色，同时恢复miR-96-5p的表达，降低胰岛素样生长因子1受体（IGF1R）。miR-96-5p的功能获得降低了甘油三酯和脂滴，报告者实验证实了IGF1R的直接靶向性。免疫印迹和免疫荧光进一步显示甜菜碱处理的hfd喂养肝脏中IGF1R表达降低。这些发现确定了甜菜碱- mir -96-5p - igf1r轴可以减轻肝脂肪变性，并强调甜菜碱是MASLD的潜在治疗策略。
{"title":"Oral betaine ameliorates high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis in mice by inducing miR-96-5p targeting IGF1R","authors":"Yuyao Xie , Ning Ding , Jing Sun , Xiuli Jin , Xinhe Zhang , Ji Sun , Hongli Xu , Hao Bing , Lin Guan , Yiling Li , Ningning Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jff.2025.107060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jff.2025.107060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a growing health concern with limited treatment options. Here we show that oral betaine attenuates high-fat diet (HFD)–induced steatosis in mice and oleic acid–induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Betaine reduced body-weight gain, hepatic triglyceride content and Oil Red O staining, while restoring expression of miR-96-5p and lowering insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R). Gain-of-function of miR-96-5p decreased triglycerides and lipid droplets, and reporter assays confirmed direct targeting of IGF1R. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence further showed reduced IGF1R expression in HFD-fed livers treated with betaine. These findings identify a betaine–miR-96-5p–IGF1R axis that mitigates hepatic steatosis and highlight betaine as a potential therapeutic strategy for MASLD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Foods","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 107060"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145325611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2025.107059
Xin Meng , Yiya Zhang , Fan Wang , Rui Mao , Xin Xiao , Zhili Deng , Qian Wang , Ying Tian , Hengshan Luo , Ji Li , San Xu
Phyllanthus emblica Linn. (PE), valued for its medicinal and nutritional properties, has been traditionally used to treat age-related disorders. However, its efficacy in preventing skin aging and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In the current investigation, we evaluated the anti-aging capacity of PE through in vitro and in vivo experiments, and employed molecular docking alongside experimental validation to probe the potential mechanisms. In vitro, PE enhanced the proliferative activity of senescent human dermal fibroblasts and suppressed the expression of senescence markers induced by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. In vivo, PE treatment markedly inhibited wrinkle formation, reduced dermal thinning, and suppressed the upregulation of aging-related markers. Mechanistically, aquaporin-3 was identified as a potential target mediating the anti-aging effects of PE, with gallic acid likely being the key active component. Collectively, these findings support the potential of PE as a promising therapeutic agent for mitigating skin aging.
{"title":"Phyllanthus emblica Linn. Mitigates skin aging via targeting Aquaporin-3","authors":"Xin Meng , Yiya Zhang , Fan Wang , Rui Mao , Xin Xiao , Zhili Deng , Qian Wang , Ying Tian , Hengshan Luo , Ji Li , San Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jff.2025.107059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jff.2025.107059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Phyllanthus emblica</em> Linn. (PE), valued for its medicinal and nutritional properties, has been traditionally used to treat age-related disorders. However, its efficacy in preventing skin aging and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In the current investigation, we evaluated the anti-aging capacity of PE through in vitro and in vivo experiments, and employed molecular docking alongside experimental validation to probe the potential mechanisms. In vitro, PE enhanced the proliferative activity of senescent human dermal fibroblasts and suppressed the expression of senescence markers induced by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. In vivo, PE treatment markedly inhibited wrinkle formation, reduced dermal thinning, and suppressed the upregulation of aging-related markers. Mechanistically, aquaporin-3 was identified as a potential target mediating the anti-aging effects of PE, with gallic acid likely being the key active component. Collectively, these findings support the potential of PE as a promising therapeutic agent for mitigating skin aging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Foods","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 107059"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145325612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2025.107043
Chung-Hsiung Huang , Jia-Shan Liu , Yu-ChenS.H. Yang , Jhih-Wei Hsu , Shih-Yuan Hsu , Yang-Ching Chen
Maternal fish oil (FO) intake during pregnancy may reduce the risk of allergic rhinitis (AR) in offspring. This study integrated a human birth cohort (n = 804) and a mouse model to explore this relationship and underlying mechanisms. Maternal FO intake during pregnancy was associated with lower odds of AR symptoms (OR 0.90, 95 % CI 0.82–0.97, p = 0.01) and of physician-diagnosed AR or symptoms combined (OR 0.91, 95 % CI 0.83–0.99, p = 0.03). Gut microbiota profiling revealed increased abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli. In mice, maternal FO intake suppressed House Dust Mite (HDM)-induced nasal inflammation, reduced IgE levels, and promoted expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β. FO also reshaped gut microbial composition, suggesting an immunomodulatory role mediated via the microbiota. These findings indicate that maternal FO consumption may enhance immune tolerance and prevent early childhood AR.
母亲在怀孕期间摄入鱼油（FO）可能会降低后代患过敏性鼻炎（AR）的风险。本研究结合了人类出生队列（n = 804）和小鼠模型来探索这种关系及其潜在机制。孕妇孕期摄入FO与AR症状（OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82-0.97, p = 0.01）以及医生诊断的AR或合并症状（OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.83-0.99, p = 0.03）的几率较低相关。肠道菌群分析显示有益细菌如双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌的丰度增加。在小鼠中，母体摄入鱼油可抑制屋尘螨（HDM）引起的鼻腔炎症，降低IgE水平，促进抗炎细胞因子IL-10和TGF-β的表达。鱼油还重塑了肠道微生物组成，表明通过微生物群介导的免疫调节作用。这些发现表明，母体食用鱼油可能增强免疫耐受性并预防幼儿AR。
{"title":"Maternal Fish Oil Intake and Early Childhood Allergic Rhinitis: cohort associations supported by a mouse model","authors":"Chung-Hsiung Huang , Jia-Shan Liu , Yu-ChenS.H. Yang , Jhih-Wei Hsu , Shih-Yuan Hsu , Yang-Ching Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jff.2025.107043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jff.2025.107043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maternal fish oil (FO) intake during pregnancy may reduce the risk of allergic rhinitis (AR) in offspring. This study integrated a human birth cohort (<em>n</em> = 804) and a mouse model to explore this relationship and underlying mechanisms. Maternal FO intake during pregnancy was associated with lower odds of AR symptoms (OR 0.90, 95 % CI 0.82–0.97, <em>p</em> = 0.01) and of physician-diagnosed AR or symptoms combined (OR 0.91, 95 % CI 0.83–0.99, <em>p</em> = 0.03). Gut microbiota profiling revealed increased abundance of beneficial bacteria such as <em>Bifidobacteria</em> and <em>Lactobacilli</em>. In mice, maternal FO intake suppressed House Dust Mite (HDM)-induced nasal inflammation, reduced IgE levels, and promoted expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β. FO also reshaped gut microbial composition, suggesting an immunomodulatory role mediated via the microbiota. These findings indicate that maternal FO consumption may enhance immune tolerance and prevent early childhood AR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Foods","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 107043"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Immunosenescence, characterized by chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction, is a major contributor to age-related diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of heat-killed Lentilactobacillus kefiri YRC2606 on immunosenescence. Aged C57BL/6 mice (16–18 months old) were fed YRC2606 (5 mg/day/mouse) for 8 weeks. YRC2606 treatment significantly increased the thymus index, reduced senescence marker expression in the spleen and kidney, and decreased proinflammatory cytokine levels in serum and tissues. Furthermore, phosphorylation of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) 3, a key mediator of inflammation and senescence, was notably suppressed in the YRC2606 group. In vitro, YRC2606 suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin (IL)-6 production and STAT3 activation in spleen cells. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating that inactivated L. kefiri attenuates immunosenescence by regulating the IL-6/STAT3 pathway and alleviating thymic atrophy, highlighting its unique potential as a probiotic for age-related immune decline.
{"title":"Orally administered heat-killed Lentilactobacillus kefiri YRC2606 regulates immunosenescence in aged mice","authors":"Hiroka Sasahara , Haruka Aso , Fumie Niitsuma , Akihiro Masaki , Takayuki Arai , Shion Yamaguchi , Hyebin Jeong , Soyoka Ikeda , Hajime Tanimachi , Hikari Hayashida , Ikumi Fujioka , Kenji Uchida , Sachi Tanaka","doi":"10.1016/j.jff.2025.107053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jff.2025.107053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immunosenescence, characterized by chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction, is a major contributor to age-related diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of heat-killed <em>Lentilactobacillus kefiri</em> YRC2606 on immunosenescence. Aged C57BL/6 mice (16–18 months old) were fed YRC2606 (5 mg/day/mouse) for 8 weeks. YRC2606 treatment significantly increased the thymus index, reduced senescence marker expression in the spleen and kidney, and decreased proinflammatory cytokine levels in serum and tissues. Furthermore, phosphorylation of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) 3, a key mediator of inflammation and senescence, was notably suppressed in the YRC2606 group. <em>In vitro</em>, YRC2606 suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin (IL)-6 production and STAT3 activation in spleen cells. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating that inactivated <em>L. kefiri</em> attenuates immunosenescence by regulating the IL-6/STAT3 pathway and alleviating thymic atrophy, highlighting its unique potential as a probiotic for age-related immune decline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Foods","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 107053"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2025.107065
Yan-Ping Li , Tian Liang , Yan-Bin Hao , Jian-Lin Shen , Qi Zou , Jing Huang , Jiang-Hong Luo , Er-Sheng Gong , Xiao-Yin Wang
This study aimed at investigating the effects of lotus seedpod polysaccharide (LSP) against human gastric cancer AGS cells and N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced gastric cancer rats. Moreover, the mechanism of LSP against AGS cells was explored by transcriptome and western blot analyses. Results indicated that LSP inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of AGS cells, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, increased levels of Ca2+, ROS and TGF-β1, and decreased ΔΨm and VEGF level. Moreover, LSP changed genes of AGS cells, especially downregulated the cell cycle pathway. CDC6, FZR1, CDC20, CDC27, MAD2L1, CDK1, CCNA2, ESPL1 and BUB1B were the hub targets for this pathway. LSP upregulated the protein expressions of FZR1 and CDC20, and downregulated the residual targets. Furthermore, LSP alleviated MNNG-induced gastric cancer in rats, and increased the levels of IgA and GSH in stomach. These findings indicate LSP possessed potential anti-gastric cancer activities, which supports the potential adjuvant application of LSP.
{"title":"In vitro and in vivo anti-gastric cancer activities of polysaccharide from lotus seedpod, a food by-product","authors":"Yan-Ping Li , Tian Liang , Yan-Bin Hao , Jian-Lin Shen , Qi Zou , Jing Huang , Jiang-Hong Luo , Er-Sheng Gong , Xiao-Yin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jff.2025.107065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jff.2025.107065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed at investigating the effects of lotus seedpod polysaccharide (LSP) against human gastric cancer AGS cells and <em>N</em>-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced gastric cancer rats. Moreover, the mechanism of LSP against AGS cells was explored by transcriptome and western blot analyses. Results indicated that LSP inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of AGS cells, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, increased levels of Ca<sup>2+</sup>, ROS and TGF-β1, and decreased <em>ΔΨ</em>m and VEGF level. Moreover, LSP changed genes of AGS cells, especially downregulated the cell cycle pathway. CDC6, FZR1, CDC20, CDC27, MAD2L1, CDK1, CCNA2, ESPL1 and BUB1B were the hub targets for this pathway. LSP upregulated the protein expressions of FZR1 and CDC20, and downregulated the residual targets. Furthermore, LSP alleviated MNNG-induced gastric cancer in rats, and increased the levels of IgA and GSH in stomach. These findings indicate LSP possessed potential anti-gastric cancer activities, which supports the potential adjuvant application of LSP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Foods","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 107065"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been implicated in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) neurobehavior. This study evaluated the probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus SL42 on ASD-like behaviors in a sodium propionic acid (PPA)-induced Wistar rat model. Juvenile rats were administered PPA to induce autistic-like symptoms, then treated daily with SL42 (109 CFU/mL) (−4 to 14 days). Behavioral tests (grip strength, social interaction, open field, and Y-maze) were conducted alongside brain histology, oxidative stress biomarkers, cytokine levels, and gut microbiota composition. SL42 improved muscle strength, social preferences, and anxiety-related behaviors, while correcting impairments in spatial memory and spontaneous alternation. Probiotic administration maintained normal prefrontal cortex structure, higher antioxidant enzyme activities, and alleviated IL-6 and TNF-α levels. Moreover, SL42 influenced the gut Lactobacillus/Prevotella ratio disrupted by PPA. These results suggest that SL42 could serve as a promising microbiota-based intervention to alleviate ASD-like symptoms, supporting the role of the gut-brain axis in neurodevelopment.
{"title":"Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus SL42 ameliorates Wistar rat autistic-like behavior","authors":"Hasnia Ziar , Maman Bachir Alhousseini Issaka , Ibrahim Warak , Lamia Amtout , Kawtar Keddar , Noussaiba Belmadani , Zohra Douma-Bouthiba , Philippe Gérard","doi":"10.1016/j.jff.2025.107056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jff.2025.107056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been implicated in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) neurobehavior. This study evaluated the probiotic <em>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus</em> SL42 on ASD-like behaviors in a sodium propionic acid (PPA)-induced Wistar rat model. Juvenile rats were administered PPA to induce autistic-like symptoms, then treated daily with SL42 (10<sup>9</sup> CFU/mL) (−4 to 14 days). Behavioral tests (grip strength, social interaction, open field, and Y-maze) were conducted alongside brain histology, oxidative stress biomarkers, cytokine levels, and gut microbiota composition. SL42 improved muscle strength, social preferences, and anxiety-related behaviors, while correcting impairments in spatial memory and spontaneous alternation. Probiotic administration maintained normal prefrontal cortex structure, higher antioxidant enzyme activities, and alleviated IL-6 and TNF-α levels. Moreover, SL42 influenced the gut <em>Lactobacillus</em>/<em>Prevotella</em> ratio disrupted by PPA. These results suggest that SL42 could serve as a promising microbiota-based intervention to alleviate ASD-like symptoms, supporting the role of the gut-brain axis in neurodevelopment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Foods","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 107056"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2025.107054
Saad Bakrim , Douae Taha , Ibrahim Mssillou , Taoufiq Benali , Asaad Khalid , Raya Soltane , Lienda Bashier Eltayeb , Marius Emil Rusu , Imane Chamkhi , Kawtar El Kadri , Khang Wen Goh , Learn-Han Lee , Abdelhakim Bouyahya
In recent years, as innovative research continues to highlight the health benefits of plants, there is now a growing global interest in using medicinal plants as alternatives to conventional drugs, especially in response to the widespread prevalence of chronic inflammation, the limitations of current treatment options, and the emerging issue of antibiotic resistance. Traditional Mediterranean medicine has long relied on rosemary, a medicinal plant and culinary spice, for centuries to treat a variety of illnesses. In this context, rosmanol, a phenolic diterpene lactone commonly found in various plants belonging to the Lamiaceae and Fabaceae families, has garnered attention from researchers due to its intriguing potential. Rosmanol has demonstrated significant pharmacological properties, including antidiabetic, anticancer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, antinociceptive, neuroprotective, anti-allergic, and immunomodulatory activities, as indicated by several in silico, in vivo, and in vitro studies. It exhibits diverse anticancer effects by inducing cell cycle arrest, enhancing apoptosis and autophagy, and obstructing the signal transduction pathways that lead to tumor cell death. Moreover, regarding its antidiabetic activity, rosmanol could delay the availability of glucose in the bloodstream by blocking the key enzymes responsible for this action. Additionally, rosmanol exerts an anti-inflammatory action by suppressing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). It also possesses antibacterial activity, acting on the bacterial membrane to impair electron transport and fatty acid production. Other findings showed that rosmanol presented a more effective antioxidant potential compared to synthetic antioxidants. Concerning its anti-viral properties, rosmanol demonstrated significant binding affinities for the major protease and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) and has been shown to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 protease. With its ability to improve immune system function, rosmanol could be a promising drug for suppressing the main NF-κB pathway linked to allergic asthma. This bioactive molecule has proved beneficial in reducing anxiety, improving memory, and promoting neuroprotection. Therefore, the purpose of this first in-depth review, to the best of our knowledge, is to address the research gaps regarding rosmanol, focusing on its natural origins, extraction methods, biological potential, and specific mechanisms of action. By overcoming these major issues, this investigation will contribute to advancing our current scientific insight into rosmanol.
{"title":"Rosmanol: a natural bioactive compound unveiling multifaceted nutritional, pharmacological, and health advantages","authors":"Saad Bakrim , Douae Taha , Ibrahim Mssillou , Taoufiq Benali , Asaad Khalid , Raya Soltane , Lienda Bashier Eltayeb , Marius Emil Rusu , Imane Chamkhi , Kawtar El Kadri , Khang Wen Goh , Learn-Han Lee , Abdelhakim Bouyahya","doi":"10.1016/j.jff.2025.107054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jff.2025.107054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, as innovative research continues to highlight the health benefits of plants, there is now a growing global interest in using medicinal plants as alternatives to conventional drugs, especially in response to the widespread prevalence of chronic inflammation, the limitations of current treatment options, and the emerging issue of antibiotic resistance. Traditional Mediterranean medicine has long relied on rosemary, a medicinal plant and culinary spice, for centuries to treat a variety of illnesses. In this context, rosmanol, a phenolic diterpene lactone commonly found in various plants belonging to the Lamiaceae and Fabaceae families, has garnered attention from researchers due to its intriguing potential. Rosmanol has demonstrated significant pharmacological properties, including antidiabetic, anticancer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, antinociceptive, neuroprotective, anti-allergic, and immunomodulatory activities, as indicated by several <em>in silico</em>, <em>in vivo</em>, and <em>in vitro</em> studies. It exhibits diverse anticancer effects by inducing cell cycle arrest, enhancing apoptosis and autophagy, and obstructing the signal transduction pathways that lead to tumor cell death. Moreover, regarding its antidiabetic activity, rosmanol could delay the availability of glucose in the bloodstream by blocking the key enzymes responsible for this action. Additionally, rosmanol exerts an anti-inflammatory action by suppressing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). It also possesses antibacterial activity, acting on the bacterial membrane to impair electron transport and fatty acid production. Other findings showed that rosmanol presented a more effective antioxidant potential compared to synthetic antioxidants. Concerning its anti-viral properties, rosmanol demonstrated significant binding affinities for the major protease and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) and has been shown to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 protease. With its ability to improve immune system function, rosmanol could be a promising drug for suppressing the main NF-κB pathway linked to allergic asthma. This bioactive molecule has proved beneficial in reducing anxiety, improving memory, and promoting neuroprotection. Therefore, the purpose of this first in-depth review, to the best of our knowledge, is to address the research gaps regarding rosmanol, focusing on its natural origins, extraction methods, biological potential, and specific mechanisms of action. By overcoming these major issues, this investigation will contribute to advancing our current scientific insight into rosmanol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Foods","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 107054"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2025.107041
Monica Cazzaniga , Darja Flegar , Kardokh Kaka Bra , Miguel Villoria Recio , Cara Hueston , Marcus J. Claesson , Cormac G.M. Gahan
Chitosan is a dietary polymer with known metabolic and immunomodulatory properties. We investigated the impact of chitosan on Listeria monocytogenes pathogenesis using in vitro assays and a high-fat diet (HFD) murine infection model. In vitro, chitosan downregulated L.monocytogenes virulence gene expression without affecting bacterial growth or macrophage immune responses. In vivo, chitosan reduced HFD-induced weight gain, enhanced expression of Il-10, and altered gut microbiota composition, impacting Clostridium, Bifidobacterium, and Faecalibaculum species prior to infection. However, chitosan did not alter progression of L.monocytogenes infection or prevent pathogen-driven microbiota disruption, which included reduction in overall diversity and increases in Escherichia, Enterococcus, and Phocaeicola. While dietary chitosan modulated host weight gain, immunity and microbiota composition, it did not enhance resistance to infection in this model. These findings provide insights into the role of chitosan as a potential dietary modulator in the context of host–pathogen–microbiota interactions and support further investigation.
{"title":"Impact of dietary chitosan on host immune response and gut microbiome composition in a Listeria monocytogenes high-fat diet murine infection model","authors":"Monica Cazzaniga , Darja Flegar , Kardokh Kaka Bra , Miguel Villoria Recio , Cara Hueston , Marcus J. Claesson , Cormac G.M. Gahan","doi":"10.1016/j.jff.2025.107041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jff.2025.107041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chitosan is a dietary polymer with known metabolic and immunomodulatory properties. We investigated the impact of chitosan on <em>Listeria monocytogenes</em> pathogenesis using <em>in vitro</em> assays and a high-fat diet (HFD) murine infection model. <em>In vitro</em>, chitosan downregulated <em>L.</em> <em>monocytogenes</em> virulence gene expression without affecting bacterial growth or macrophage immune responses. <em>In vivo</em>, chitosan reduced HFD-induced weight gain, enhanced expression of <em>Il-10</em>, and altered gut microbiota composition, impacting <em>Clostridium</em>, <em>Bifidobacterium</em>, and <em>Faecalibaculum</em> species prior to infection. However, chitosan did not alter progression of <em>L.</em> <em>monocytogenes</em> infection or prevent pathogen-driven microbiota disruption, which included reduction in overall diversity and increases in <em>Escherichia</em>, <em>Enterococcus</em>, and <em>Phocaeicola</em>. While dietary chitosan modulated host weight gain, immunity and microbiota composition, it did not enhance resistance to infection in this model. These findings provide insights into the role of chitosan as a potential dietary modulator in the context of host–pathogen–microbiota interactions and support further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Foods","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 107041"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2025.107052
Ying Chen , Shuhui Hu , Yanjun Guo , Yan Wang , Lei Chen , Xin He , Yajie Yu , Andong Ji , Shengjie Pei , Kelei Li , Xiaofei Guo , Duo Li
Hyperuricemia, a metabolic disorder caused by excessive uric acid accumulation, is a major risk factor for gout and related kidney damage. Current pharmacological treatments often have side effects, emphasizing the need for safer alternatives. This study investigated the preventive and therapeutic potential of apple polyphenols (AP) in hyperuricemia management, as well as the underlying mechanisms. A cross-sectional analysis of 15,121 Chinese undergraduates revealed that apple consumption was inversely associated with hyperuricemia risk (OR = 0.86; 95 % CI: 0.73–0.99; P = 0.028). A hyperuricemia mouse model was established by potassium oxonate and adenine for 21 days, and AP treatment significantly reduced serum uric acid levels by inhibiting both the activity and expression of xanthine oxidase, and by downregulating renal uric acid transporters URAT1 and GLUT9. Histopathological analysis indicated that AP alleviated kidney and liver damage caused by hyperuricemia. These findings highlight the dual regulatory effect of AP on uric acid synthesis and excretion, providing new insights into its potential as a natural dietary intervention for hyperuricemia management.
{"title":"Apple polyphenols alleviate hyperuricemia by inhibiting xanthine oxidase and promoting uric acid excretion","authors":"Ying Chen , Shuhui Hu , Yanjun Guo , Yan Wang , Lei Chen , Xin He , Yajie Yu , Andong Ji , Shengjie Pei , Kelei Li , Xiaofei Guo , Duo Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jff.2025.107052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jff.2025.107052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hyperuricemia, a metabolic disorder caused by excessive uric acid accumulation, is a major risk factor for gout and related kidney damage. Current pharmacological treatments often have side effects, emphasizing the need for safer alternatives. This study investigated the preventive and therapeutic potential of apple polyphenols (AP) in hyperuricemia management, as well as the underlying mechanisms. A cross-sectional analysis of 15,121 Chinese undergraduates revealed that apple consumption was inversely associated with hyperuricemia risk (OR = 0.86; 95 % CI: 0.73–0.99; <em>P</em> = 0.028). A hyperuricemia mouse model was established by potassium oxonate and adenine for 21 days, and AP treatment significantly reduced serum uric acid levels by inhibiting both the activity and expression of xanthine oxidase, and by downregulating renal uric acid transporters URAT1 and GLUT9. Histopathological analysis indicated that AP alleviated kidney and liver damage caused by hyperuricemia. These findings highlight the dual regulatory effect of AP on uric acid synthesis and excretion, providing new insights into its potential as a natural dietary intervention for hyperuricemia management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Foods","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 107052"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cyclocarya paliurus beverage (CPB), a traditional functional beverage widely consumed in China, has demonstrated hypoglycemic properties in folk medicine. However, its bioactive constituents and pharmacological mechanisms remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to systematically investigate the antidiabetic effects of CPB and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. The extraction process of CPB was optimized using Response Surface Methodology. Thirty-five compounds in CPB were identified by UPLC-Orbitrip-MS/MS way, and network pharmacology analysis revealed 84 potential therapeutic targets associated with T2DM. Six major bioactive compounds were quantitatively analyzed by HPLC method, and their potential targets were predicted via molecular docking. In vivo studies demonstrated that CPB treatment significantly manifested in reducing fasting blood glucose levels, improving serum lipid profiles (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C), and alleviating liver, kidney and pancreatic damage in T2DM mice. These research findings collectively suggested that CPB exerts therapeutic effects against T2DM, likely through a multi-component, multi-target mechanism.
{"title":"Cyclocarya paliurus functional beverage: process investigation, component analysis and hypoglycemic activity research","authors":"Qin Huang, Yong Yang, Tingsi Guo, Qiqi Hu, Feibing Huang, Kang Zhou, Yasi Deng, Wei Wang, Yuqing Jian","doi":"10.1016/j.jff.2025.107049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jff.2025.107049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Cyclocarya paliurus</em> beverage (CPB), a traditional functional beverage widely consumed in China, has demonstrated hypoglycemic properties in folk medicine. However, its bioactive constituents and pharmacological mechanisms remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to systematically investigate the antidiabetic effects of CPB and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. The extraction process of CPB was optimized using Response Surface Methodology. Thirty-five compounds in CPB were identified by UPLC-Orbitrip-MS/MS way, and network pharmacology analysis revealed 84 potential therapeutic targets associated with T2DM. Six major bioactive compounds were quantitatively analyzed by HPLC method, and their potential targets were predicted via molecular docking. In vivo studies demonstrated that CPB treatment significantly manifested in reducing fasting blood glucose levels, improving serum lipid profiles (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C), and alleviating liver, kidney and pancreatic damage in T2DM mice. These research findings collectively suggested that CPB exerts therapeutic effects against T2DM, likely through a multi-component, multi-target mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Foods","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 107049"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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