In heart failure, cardiac remodeling and dysfunction are driven by abnormalities of cardiomyocyte caused by excessive circulating norepinephrine (NE). This study examined resveratrol's effect on NE-exposed adult rat cardiomyocytes. NE-induced morphological changes in cardiomyocytes, that reduce viability and contractile dysfunction, an increase in the levels of an oxidative stress and decrease in the activity of the antioxidant enzyme, superoxide dismutase (SOD). Resveratrol blocked NE-induced anomalies, improving cell viability and contractile function. Our study also revealed that resveratrol-mediated cardiomyocyte protection was lost when antioxidant enzyme activity of SOD was pharmacologically blocked. In addition, the pharmacological blockade of transcription factor forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) resulted in the negation of resveratrol-facilitated beneficial effects. Resveratrol also reduced the cardiac fibroblast viability without affecting cell death. In conclusion, resveratrol protects adult rat cardiomyocytes from NE-induced abnormalities including oxidative stress partly via SOD/FOXO1.
{"title":"Resveratrol improves contractile dysfunction, cell viability and oxidative stress in adult rat cardiomyocytes exposed to norepinephrine via SOD/FOXO1","authors":"Pema Raj , Liping Yu , Huong Nguyen , Inna Rabinovich-Nikitin , Sijo Joseph Thandapilly , Jeffrey Wigle , Shelley Zieroth , Thomas Netticadan","doi":"10.1016/j.jff.2026.107174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jff.2026.107174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In heart failure, cardiac remodeling and dysfunction are driven by abnormalities of cardiomyocyte caused by excessive circulating norepinephrine (NE). This study examined resveratrol's effect on NE-exposed adult rat cardiomyocytes. NE-induced morphological changes in cardiomyocytes, that reduce viability and contractile dysfunction, an increase in the levels of an oxidative stress and decrease in the activity of the antioxidant enzyme, superoxide dismutase (SOD). Resveratrol blocked NE-induced anomalies, improving cell viability and contractile function. Our study also revealed that resveratrol-mediated cardiomyocyte protection was lost when antioxidant enzyme activity of SOD was pharmacologically blocked. In addition, the pharmacological blockade of transcription factor forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) resulted in the negation of resveratrol-facilitated beneficial effects. Resveratrol also reduced the cardiac fibroblast viability without affecting cell death. In conclusion, resveratrol protects adult rat cardiomyocytes from NE-induced abnormalities including oxidative stress partly via SOD/FOXO1.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Foods","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 107174"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2026.107204
Eman Mohammed , A. Taha , H.M. Gebreel , H.A.E. Sayed
This study evaluates the anticancer activity of the locally isolated strains Leuconostoc mesenteroides ES222 and Limosilactobacillus fermentum EM612 using a rat model of colon cancer induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH). Thirty-five male Wistar rats were allocated into five groups: control, DMH-only, and DMH with single or combined probiotic treatments (1 mL orally, weeks 13–16). Probiotic supplementation significantly reduced serum tumor markers (AFP, CEA, CA 19–9), liver and kidney function markers (ALT, AST, urea, creatinine), and colonic TNF-α and CYP2E1 expression, while enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity (CAT, SOD). Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed decreased tumor nodules, inflammation, and caspase-3 expression, with the combined treatment restoring normal mucosal architecture. Overall, L. mesenteroides ES222 and L. fermentum EM612, particularly in combination, demonstrated promising therapeutic potential against colon cancer.
{"title":"Leuconostoc mesenteroides strain ES222 and Limosilactobacillus fermentum strain EM612: A novel approach to Colon Cancer therapy in rat models","authors":"Eman Mohammed , A. Taha , H.M. Gebreel , H.A.E. Sayed","doi":"10.1016/j.jff.2026.107204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jff.2026.107204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the anticancer activity of the locally isolated strains <em>Leuconostoc mesenteroides</em> ES222 and <em>Limosilactobacillus fermentum</em> EM612 using a rat model of colon cancer induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH). Thirty-five male Wistar rats were allocated into five groups: control, DMH-only, and DMH with single or combined probiotic treatments (1 mL orally, weeks 13–16). Probiotic supplementation significantly reduced serum tumor markers (AFP, CEA, CA 19–9), liver and kidney function markers (ALT, AST, urea, creatinine), and colonic TNF-α and CYP2E1 expression, while enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity (CAT, SOD). Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed decreased tumor nodules, inflammation, and caspase-3 expression, with the combined treatment restoring normal mucosal architecture. Overall, <em>L. mesenteroides</em> ES222 and L. <em>fermentum</em> EM612, particularly in combination, demonstrated promising therapeutic potential against colon cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Foods","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 107204"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical commonly used in food containers, has been detected in human blood and atheromas. It induces oxidative stress and impairs reproductive function. Developing preventive strategies against its biological effects is therefore essential.
Objective
This study investigated the protective effects of Enterococcus faecalis FK-23 against BPA-induced sperm dysfunction through suppression of oxidative stress in a rat model.
Methods
Male Wistar rats were assigned to control, FK-23, BPA, and BPA + FK-23 groups (n = 3–6/group). Sperm motility was analyzed using a computer-assisted system, while reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was assessed by chemiluminescence. Oxidative stress markers, including 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE)-modified proteins, were detected by western blotting and identified by LC-MS/MS. Plasma radical-scavenging capacity was evaluated using electron spin resonance.
Results
No significant differences were observed in general health indicators such as body weight among the groups. BPA exposure decreased sperm motility and increased ROS production in a time-dependent manner. FK-23 supplementation significantly attenuated these effects, particularly after 2 weeks. FK-23 also suppressed BPA-induced accumulation of HNE-modified proteins, including mitochondrial proteins. Moreover, while BPA reduced plasma antioxidant capacity by about 50%, especially hydroxyl and methyl radical scavenging, FK-23 preserved these activities.
Conclusion
The paraprobiotic FK-23 ameliorated BPA-induced sperm dysfunction, by mitigating systemic oxidative stress. These findings indicate that FK-23 has potential as a protective dietary intervention against environmental toxicants that impair male fertility.
{"title":"Preventive effect of paraprobiotic Enterococcus faecalis FK-23 on bisphenol A-induced sperm toxicity","authors":"Yukiko Minamiyama , Shigekazu Takemura , Kanako Nakagawa , Hiroshi Ichikawa , Takeaki Ishizawa , Toshikazu Yoshikawa","doi":"10.1016/j.jff.2026.107205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jff.2026.107205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical commonly used in food containers, has been detected in human blood and atheromas. It induces oxidative stress and impairs reproductive function. Developing preventive strategies against its biological effects is therefore essential.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study investigated the protective effects of <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em> FK-23 against BPA-induced sperm dysfunction through suppression of oxidative stress in a rat model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male Wistar rats were assigned to control, FK-23, BPA, and BPA + FK-23 groups (<em>n</em> = <del>3–</del>6/group). Sperm motility was analyzed using a computer-assisted system, while reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was assessed by chemiluminescence. Oxidative stress markers, including 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE)-modified proteins, were detected by western blotting and identified by LC-MS/MS. Plasma radical-scavenging capacity was evaluated using electron spin resonance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant differences were observed in general health indicators such as body weight among the groups. BPA exposure decreased sperm motility and increased ROS production in a time-dependent manner. FK-23 supplementation significantly attenuated these effects, particularly after 2 weeks. FK-23 also suppressed BPA-induced accumulation of HNE-modified proteins, including mitochondrial proteins. Moreover, while BPA reduced plasma antioxidant capacity by about 50%, especially hydroxyl and methyl radical scavenging, FK-23 preserved these activities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The paraprobiotic FK-23 ameliorated BPA-induced sperm dysfunction, by mitigating systemic oxidative stress. These findings indicate that FK-23 has potential as a protective dietary intervention against environmental toxicants that impair male fertility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Foods","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 107205"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the neuroprotective and anti-aging effects of enzymatically degraded Ziziphus jujuba polysaccharides (dZPs) versus native ZPs in C. elegans model of Huntington's disease (HD). Results showed dZPs exhibited more significant neuroprotective and anti-aging effects compared to ZPs, including enhanced ASH neuronal survival rate, extended mean lifespan and reduced lipofuscin accumulation. Crucially, dZPs remodeled gut microbiota composition, increased beneficial short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) -producing bacteria, improved energy metabolism, and restored neurotransmitter balance, which coordinately alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction, and enhanced oxidative stress resistance via DAF-16/FOXO pathway activation (sod-3, hsp-16.2 upregulation). Our findings demonstrate that enzymatic degradation effectively unlocks the significant therapeutic potential of plant polysaccharides for age-related neurodegeneration, with the underlying mechanism likely mediated by the modulation of gut microbiota composition and metabolomic profiles.
{"title":"Ziziphus jujuba polysaccharide degradation products exert neuroprotective and anti-aging effects via modulating gut microbiota and metabolomics in C. elegans","authors":"Chunling Zhou , Longyi Bian , Yintong Zhang , Xiaoyan Huang , Dongsheng Jia , Ju Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jff.2026.107213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jff.2026.107213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the neuroprotective and anti-aging effects of enzymatically degraded <em>Ziziphus jujuba</em> polysaccharides (dZPs) versus native ZPs in <em>C. elegans</em> model of Huntington's disease (HD). Results showed dZPs exhibited more significant neuroprotective and anti-aging effects compared to ZPs, including enhanced ASH neuronal survival rate, extended mean lifespan and reduced lipofuscin accumulation. Crucially, dZPs remodeled gut microbiota composition, increased beneficial short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) -producing bacteria, improved energy metabolism, and restored neurotransmitter balance, which coordinately alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction, and enhanced oxidative stress resistance via DAF-16/FOXO pathway activation (<em>sod-3</em>, <em>hsp-16.2</em> upregulation). Our findings demonstrate that enzymatic degradation effectively unlocks the significant therapeutic potential of plant polysaccharides for age-related neurodegeneration, with the underlying mechanism likely mediated by the modulation of gut microbiota composition and metabolomic profiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Foods","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 107213"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2026.107182
Tingting Tang , Liyuan Yang , Chao Wang , Haiyan Lan , Xia Tao , Tao Pang , Feng Zhang , Wansheng Chen
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a significant cardiovascular condition characterized by a complex pathological process involving increased oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Stachyose, a naturally occurring functional food additive, has the potential to provide therapeutic benefits against this pathological condition. Our study aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms by which stachyose exerts its protective effects on CHD by employing network pharmacology and transcriptomics, with validation both in vivo and in vitro. The results demonstrated that stachyose reduced hemorheological abnormalities and blood coagulation, modulated platelet activation in CHD rats, contributed to ameliorating myocardial injury, and decreased myocardial apoptosis. Notably, stachyose alleviated oxidative stress -induced injury and apoptosis in DOX-treated H9c2 cells. Integrated network pharmacology and transcriptomic analyses revealed that stachyose treated CHD by modulating the P53 and FOXO1 signaling pathways and reducing the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. Furthermore, the involvement of these pathways was confirmed using both a P53 activator and inhibitor. Our study initially showed that stachyose inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis by regulating the P53 and FOXO1 signaling pathways, suggesting that could serve as a potential therapeutic option for CHD.
{"title":"Stachyose alleviates coronary heart disease by regulating apoptosis pathways: Insights from network pharmacology, transcriptomics, and experimental validation","authors":"Tingting Tang , Liyuan Yang , Chao Wang , Haiyan Lan , Xia Tao , Tao Pang , Feng Zhang , Wansheng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jff.2026.107182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jff.2026.107182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a significant cardiovascular condition characterized by a complex pathological process involving increased oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Stachyose, a naturally occurring functional food additive, has the potential to provide therapeutic benefits against this pathological condition. Our study aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms by which stachyose exerts its protective effects on CHD by employing network pharmacology and transcriptomics, with validation both in vivo and in vitro. The results demonstrated that stachyose reduced hemorheological abnormalities and blood coagulation, modulated platelet activation in CHD rats, contributed to ameliorating myocardial injury, and decreased myocardial apoptosis. Notably, stachyose alleviated oxidative stress -induced injury and apoptosis in DOX-treated H9c2 cells. Integrated network pharmacology and transcriptomic analyses revealed that stachyose treated CHD by modulating the P53 and FOXO1 signaling pathways and reducing the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. Furthermore, the involvement of these pathways was confirmed using both a P53 activator and inhibitor. Our study initially showed that stachyose inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis by regulating the P53 and FOXO1 signaling pathways, suggesting that could serve as a potential therapeutic option for CHD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Foods","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 107182"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2026.107193
Fatma Boukid , Aline Adler , Wolfram Manuel Brück
Arabinoxylans (AX) are dietary fibers with strong prebiotic potential to modulate gut microbiota. Six samples (S1–S5 corn AX; S6 inulin as control) were assessed in a 24-h in vitro fermentation model, evaluating microbial composition and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. Distinct, structure-dependent effects were observed. High-molecular-weight AX (S1, S2) selectively enriched Faecalibacterium and sustained acetate and butyrate production throughout fermentation. Medium molecular weight AX (S3) favored Blautia and Oscillospira, with moderate SCFA accumulation. Low molecular weight AX (S4, S5) promoted Blautia, Collinsella, and Faecalibacterium, supporting gradual and sustained SCFA release. In contrast, inulin (S6) stimulated Akkermansia and Collinsella, inducing a rapid early increase in acetate and lactate followed by a decline. Overall, AX molecular weight and structure critically shape microbial responses and metabolic outputs, with high-molecular-weight AX enabling prolonged butyrogenic activity, while inulin drives fast, short-lived fermentation.
{"title":"Modulation of the human gut microbiota by corn arabinoxylans: insights from in vitro batch culture fermentation","authors":"Fatma Boukid , Aline Adler , Wolfram Manuel Brück","doi":"10.1016/j.jff.2026.107193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jff.2026.107193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Arabinoxylans (AX) are dietary fibers with strong prebiotic potential to modulate gut microbiota. Six samples (S1–S5 corn AX; S6 inulin as control) were assessed in a 24-h in vitro fermentation model, evaluating microbial composition and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. Distinct, structure-dependent effects were observed. High-molecular-weight AX (S1, S2) selectively enriched <em>Faecalibacterium</em> and sustained acetate and butyrate production throughout fermentation. Medium molecular weight AX (S3) favored <em>Blautia</em> and <em>Oscillospira</em>, with moderate SCFA accumulation. Low molecular weight AX (S4, S5) promoted <em>Blautia</em>, <em>Collinsella</em>, and <em>Faecalibacterium</em>, supporting gradual and sustained SCFA release. In contrast, inulin (S6) stimulated <em>Akkermansia</em> and <em>Collinsella</em>, inducing a rapid early increase in acetate and lactate followed by a decline. Overall, AX molecular weight and structure critically shape microbial responses and metabolic outputs, with high-molecular-weight AX enabling prolonged butyrogenic activity, while inulin drives fast, short-lived fermentation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Foods","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 107193"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2026.107207
Saurabh Sharma, Alka Mehta
Seaweeds, a form of marine macroalgae, possess a lengthy history of application in both edible and traditional medical treatment of a range of diseases. They are notable for their rich nutritional profile, including a range of phytochemicals that act as antioxidants, minerals, vitamins, vital amino acids, as well as dietary fibers. Potential bioactive compounds obtained from seaweed, including fucoidan, sulfated polysaccharides, polyphenols, sterols, fucoxanthin, even omega-3 fatty acid, have been attracting a lot of interest. These bioactive compounds help to lowering low-density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, risk of atherosclerosis, hypertension, prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Based on recent data from 2019, 523 million people were affected globally by CVD, and this caused 18.6 million fatalities. This number is predicted to increase 24 million by 2030 worldwide. In this review, epidemiological studies supporting the cardiovascular benefits of seaweed consumption are discussed, alongside the challenges and considerations for their incorporation into functional foods and nutraceuticals. Overall, this review emphasizes the significant potential of seaweeds as sustainable sources of functional ingredients for cardiovascular health promotion and identifies key areas for future research.
{"title":"Seaweed-derived bioactives and nutrition: Emerging functional strategies for cardiovascular disease prevention","authors":"Saurabh Sharma, Alka Mehta","doi":"10.1016/j.jff.2026.107207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jff.2026.107207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seaweeds, a form of marine macroalgae, possess a lengthy history of application in both edible and traditional medical treatment of a range of diseases. They are notable for their rich nutritional profile, including a range of phytochemicals that act as antioxidants, minerals, vitamins, vital amino acids, as well as dietary fibers. Potential bioactive compounds obtained from seaweed, including fucoidan, sulfated polysaccharides, polyphenols, sterols, fucoxanthin, even omega-3 fatty acid, have been attracting a lot of interest. These bioactive compounds help to lowering low-density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, risk of atherosclerosis, hypertension, prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Based on recent data from 2019, 523 million people were affected globally by CVD, and this caused 18.6 million fatalities. This number is predicted to increase 24 million by 2030 worldwide. In this review, epidemiological studies supporting the cardiovascular benefits of seaweed consumption are discussed, alongside the challenges and considerations for their incorporation into functional foods and nutraceuticals. Overall, this review emphasizes the significant potential of seaweeds as sustainable sources of functional ingredients for cardiovascular health promotion and identifies key areas for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Foods","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 107207"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2026.107217
Dan Zhang , Xueli Xia , Haisheng Wu , Wenxin Wang , Kai Yin , Shengjun Wang
Ketogenic diets, which are characterized by high fat, moderate protein, and very low carbohydrate intake, have attracted increasing interest because of their potential functional relevance to metabolic and neuroimmune regulation. Available evidence suggests that ketogenic diets may modulate inflammatory and immune-related pathways and alter the composition of the gut microbiota. In individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus, ketogenic dietary approaches have been associated with glycaemic stability, body weight regulation, and potential effects on mood- and cognition-related outcomes. In patients with multiple sclerosis, ketogenic diets may be associated with changes in sleep quality, gut microbial fermentation, muscle-related outcomes, and neuroprotective processes. Evidence from small and observational studies suggests potential associations between ketogenic dietary approaches and quality-of-life– related outcomes in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and multiple sclerosis; however, the current findings remain preliminary and are insufficient to establish efficacy and safety.
{"title":"The potential application of a ketogenic diet in type 1 diabetes mellitus and multiple sclerosis","authors":"Dan Zhang , Xueli Xia , Haisheng Wu , Wenxin Wang , Kai Yin , Shengjun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jff.2026.107217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jff.2026.107217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ketogenic diets, which are characterized by high fat, moderate protein, and very low carbohydrate intake, have attracted increasing interest because of their potential functional relevance to metabolic and neuroimmune regulation. Available evidence suggests that ketogenic diets may modulate inflammatory and immune-related pathways and alter the composition of the gut microbiota. In individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus, ketogenic dietary approaches have been associated with glycaemic stability, body weight regulation, and potential effects on mood- and cognition-related outcomes. In patients with multiple sclerosis, ketogenic diets may be associated with changes in sleep quality, gut microbial fermentation, muscle-related outcomes, and neuroprotective processes. Evidence from small and observational studies suggests potential associations between ketogenic dietary approaches and quality-of-life– related outcomes in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and multiple sclerosis; however, the current findings remain preliminary and are insufficient to establish efficacy and safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Foods","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 107217"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2026.107216
Chushan Chen , Juntao Xie , Junjie Li , Guiqi Zhou , Xin Yu , Pinghua Sun , Haibo Zhou , Rui Xu , Huiqin Lu , Rufeng Luo , Junxia Zheng
Natural polysaccharides show considerable promise in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Mesona chinensis Benth polysaccharides (MP), traditionally consumed in East Asia for their metabolic benefits, exhibit anti-diabetic potential, although their mechanisms of action remain incompletely defined. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of MP and elucidated the underlying mechanisms, with a focus on the intestinal–metabolic axis in a T2DM mouse model. The chemical composition of MP was first characterized, followed by evaluation of its in vivo efficacy in modulating pancreatic β-cell function, systemic oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and gut microbiota composition. MP was found to consist predominantly of galactose (31.3%) and galacturonic acid (32.6%). In T2DM mice, MP treatment effectively alleviated pancreatic β-cell damage, reduced oxidative stress, and suppressed inflammatory responses. Moreover, MP markedly reshaped the gut microbiota, notably increasing the abundance of Dorea and Bifidobacterium, and regulated associated lipid and energy metabolic pathways. Collectively, these results demonstrate that MP exerts pronounced anti-diabetic effects by restoring host metabolic homeostasis through coordinated modulation of the gut–metabolic axis. These findings support the potential application of MP as a functional food ingredient for the prevention and management of T2DM.
{"title":"Mesona chinensis Benth polysaccharides alleviate type 2 diabetes mellitus in mice through gut microbiota and metabolic modulation","authors":"Chushan Chen , Juntao Xie , Junjie Li , Guiqi Zhou , Xin Yu , Pinghua Sun , Haibo Zhou , Rui Xu , Huiqin Lu , Rufeng Luo , Junxia Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jff.2026.107216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jff.2026.107216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural polysaccharides show considerable promise in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). <em>Mesona chinensis</em> Benth polysaccharides (MP), traditionally consumed in East Asia for their metabolic benefits, exhibit anti-diabetic potential, although their mechanisms of action remain incompletely defined. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of MP and elucidated the underlying mechanisms, with a focus on the intestinal–metabolic axis in a T2DM mouse model. The chemical composition of MP was first characterized, followed by evaluation of its in vivo efficacy in modulating pancreatic β-cell function, systemic oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and gut microbiota composition. MP was found to consist predominantly of galactose (31.3%) and galacturonic acid (32.6%). In T2DM mice, MP treatment effectively alleviated pancreatic β-cell damage, reduced oxidative stress, and suppressed inflammatory responses. Moreover, MP markedly reshaped the gut microbiota, notably increasing the abundance of <em>Dorea</em> and <em>Bifidobacterium</em>, and regulated associated lipid and energy metabolic pathways. Collectively, these results demonstrate that MP exerts pronounced anti-diabetic effects by restoring host metabolic homeostasis through coordinated modulation of the gut–metabolic axis. These findings support the potential application of MP as a functional food ingredient for the prevention and management of T2DM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Foods","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 107216"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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