Pub Date : 2009-11-10DOI: 10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326094
O. Keskin
This paper presents the derivation, implementation and testing of an off-axis Point Spread Function (PSF) reconstruction technique for the applied numerical model of the University of Victoria's dual Deformable Mirror (DM) Woofer-Tweeter (W/T) Adaptive Optics (AO) system. The methodology has been tested; it is based on the data saved by the AO system during the science exposure, and on the analytical expression of the anisoplanatic transfer function. This data is later used in the post-processing stage to reconstruct the off-axis PSF that degrades the AO system's performance at greater angular distances from the guide star (GS). Although the results are unique to the UVic W/T AO bench model, the proposed PSF reconstruction methodology will be applicable to other dual DM systems and to multi DM AO systems.
{"title":"Numerical evaluation of an off-axis Point Spread Function reconstruction from the Woofer/Tweeter Adaptive Optics system","authors":"O. Keskin","doi":"10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326094","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the derivation, implementation and testing of an off-axis Point Spread Function (PSF) reconstruction technique for the applied numerical model of the University of Victoria's dual Deformable Mirror (DM) Woofer-Tweeter (W/T) Adaptive Optics (AO) system. The methodology has been tested; it is based on the data saved by the AO system during the science exposure, and on the analytical expression of the anisoplanatic transfer function. This data is later used in the post-processing stage to reconstruct the off-axis PSF that degrades the AO system's performance at greater angular distances from the guide star (GS). Although the results are unique to the UVic W/T AO bench model, the proposed PSF reconstruction methodology will be applicable to other dual DM systems and to multi DM AO systems.","PeriodicalId":366216,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Symposium on Optomechatronic Technologies","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122151143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-10DOI: 10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326096
T. Wortmann
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) are commonly used technologies for high resolution surface investigations. Combined AFM and SEM studies provide a thorough view of specimen topography and material properties, due to a large number of sophisticated imaging techniques. This work aims at providing a more meaningful representation of results from combined examinations, by applying methods of image fusion and visualization. Multiple application scenarios are discussed. According to the specification of requirements, three imaging procedures are presented in detail and applied to scans from a combined AFM and SEM study.
{"title":"Fusion of AFM and SEM scans","authors":"T. Wortmann","doi":"10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326096","url":null,"abstract":"Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) are commonly used technologies for high resolution surface investigations. Combined AFM and SEM studies provide a thorough view of specimen topography and material properties, due to a large number of sophisticated imaging techniques. This work aims at providing a more meaningful representation of results from combined examinations, by applying methods of image fusion and visualization. Multiple application scenarios are discussed. According to the specification of requirements, three imaging procedures are presented in detail and applied to scans from a combined AFM and SEM study.","PeriodicalId":366216,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Symposium on Optomechatronic Technologies","volume":"361 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122166706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-10DOI: 10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326067
H. Yoon, Seonggu Kang, Hajun Song, Kyihwan Park, Hyunho Lee, Myoungsoo Han
To have higher resolution of distance in the laser scanner using the phase demodulation method, to demodulate using an intermediate frequency is advantageous. This method is called the multiple phase demodulation method. In the multiple phase demodulation method several frequencies are used for signal processing. These signals are made from the oscillator and the programmable clock source. Even though the clock source is well synchronized with the oscillator, the initial phase error problem can be occurred since the operating points of both signal sources are not exactly simultaneous. In this work, the experimental results are presented to show how the initial phase error problem is solved.
{"title":"An initial phase error elimination in a laser scanner with a multiple phase demodulation method","authors":"H. Yoon, Seonggu Kang, Hajun Song, Kyihwan Park, Hyunho Lee, Myoungsoo Han","doi":"10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326067","url":null,"abstract":"To have higher resolution of distance in the laser scanner using the phase demodulation method, to demodulate using an intermediate frequency is advantageous. This method is called the multiple phase demodulation method. In the multiple phase demodulation method several frequencies are used for signal processing. These signals are made from the oscillator and the programmable clock source. Even though the clock source is well synchronized with the oscillator, the initial phase error problem can be occurred since the operating points of both signal sources are not exactly simultaneous. In this work, the experimental results are presented to show how the initial phase error problem is solved.","PeriodicalId":366216,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Symposium on Optomechatronic Technologies","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115944698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-10DOI: 10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326095
K. Kitagawa
A new surface profiling technique is proposed, which enables us fast and robust 3D measurements with interferometric resolution and extended measurement range. It is accomplished by a newly developed multi-wavelength imaging system, which is easily and economically constructed by a commercially available RGB LED illuminator and a color camera. With this imaging system, we first developed a two-wavelength single-shot technique. Then we expanded it to three wavelengths and successfully measured a step height of 1000nm. For this purpose, we developed several algorithms including crosstalk compensation and frequency estimation. The algorithms and experimental results are presented.
{"title":"Multi-wavelength single-shot interferometry","authors":"K. Kitagawa","doi":"10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326095","url":null,"abstract":"A new surface profiling technique is proposed, which enables us fast and robust 3D measurements with interferometric resolution and extended measurement range. It is accomplished by a newly developed multi-wavelength imaging system, which is easily and economically constructed by a commercially available RGB LED illuminator and a color camera. With this imaging system, we first developed a two-wavelength single-shot technique. Then we expanded it to three wavelengths and successfully measured a step height of 1000nm. For this purpose, we developed several algorithms including crosstalk compensation and frequency estimation. The algorithms and experimental results are presented.","PeriodicalId":366216,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Symposium on Optomechatronic Technologies","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132778825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-10DOI: 10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326165
Y. Otani, Naoya Yoshizawa, Y. Mizutani
Recently, crystal growth in the microgravity is attracting attention because it has possibility to produce uniform crystal. The purpose of our study is to manipulate a particle with micrometer of diameter and to produce crystal coincidentally by Paul trapping. Cylindrical electrodes were prepared for Paul trapping and electrospray ionization was brought in to charge particles. A micro particle of solid, liquid and solution have simple harmonic motion behavior. An electrical charge of trapped particles is derived from analyzing a motion of vibration particles using high-speed camera. After liquid particle is trapped, then it starts to be vaporized. To control position of the particle, it is applied voltage. Finally it is succeed to produce the crystal.
{"title":"Paul trapping for micro-particles and its application for crystal growth","authors":"Y. Otani, Naoya Yoshizawa, Y. Mizutani","doi":"10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326165","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, crystal growth in the microgravity is attracting attention because it has possibility to produce uniform crystal. The purpose of our study is to manipulate a particle with micrometer of diameter and to produce crystal coincidentally by Paul trapping. Cylindrical electrodes were prepared for Paul trapping and electrospray ionization was brought in to charge particles. A micro particle of solid, liquid and solution have simple harmonic motion behavior. An electrical charge of trapped particles is derived from analyzing a motion of vibration particles using high-speed camera. After liquid particle is trapped, then it starts to be vaporized. To control position of the particle, it is applied voltage. Finally it is succeed to produce the crystal.","PeriodicalId":366216,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Symposium on Optomechatronic Technologies","volume":"946 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133323065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-10DOI: 10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326111
M. S. Muller, T. Buck, A. Koch
We present the design process of a fiber Bragg grating based fiber-optic single-axis acceleration sensor with minimized crosstalk. Crosscoupling of non-directional accelerations is minimized by introducing a unique double-membrane fixture of the sensor's mass of inertia leading to an almost diagonal form of the sensors stiffness-matrix. The sensor's resonance frequency, the sensor's sensitivity towards the stiffness of the spring-mass system and the mass of inertia are calculated from an analytical model and are verified by FEM simulation of the sensor. A singleaxis sensor design yielding a resonance frequency of 6.0 kHz with a sensitivity of Δλ = 1 pm/g at a non resonant acceleration is proposed.
{"title":"Fiber Bragg grating-based acceleration sensor","authors":"M. S. Muller, T. Buck, A. Koch","doi":"10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326111","url":null,"abstract":"We present the design process of a fiber Bragg grating based fiber-optic single-axis acceleration sensor with minimized crosstalk. Crosscoupling of non-directional accelerations is minimized by introducing a unique double-membrane fixture of the sensor's mass of inertia leading to an almost diagonal form of the sensors stiffness-matrix. The sensor's resonance frequency, the sensor's sensitivity towards the stiffness of the spring-mass system and the mass of inertia are calculated from an analytical model and are verified by FEM simulation of the sensor. A singleaxis sensor design yielding a resonance frequency of 6.0 kHz with a sensitivity of Δλ = 1 pm/g at a non resonant acceleration is proposed.","PeriodicalId":366216,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Symposium on Optomechatronic Technologies","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130332887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-10DOI: 10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326154
Y. Morimoto, M. Fujigaki, A. Masaya
The authors previously proposed a shape measurement method using pixel-by-pixel calibration tables produced with multiple reference planes. In this method, all the relationships between the phase of the projected grating and the spatial coordinates can be obtained for each pixel. This method is called ‘whole-space tabulation method’. This method excludes a lens distortion and intensity errors of the projected grating in measurement results theoretically. Tabulation makes a high-speed and accurate shape measurement possible. The principle of the shape measurement using the whole-space tabulation method and some results of shape measurements using this method are shown.
{"title":"Shape measurement by grating projection and whole-space tabulation method","authors":"Y. Morimoto, M. Fujigaki, A. Masaya","doi":"10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326154","url":null,"abstract":"The authors previously proposed a shape measurement method using pixel-by-pixel calibration tables produced with multiple reference planes. In this method, all the relationships between the phase of the projected grating and the spatial coordinates can be obtained for each pixel. This method is called ‘whole-space tabulation method’. This method excludes a lens distortion and intensity errors of the projected grating in measurement results theoretically. Tabulation makes a high-speed and accurate shape measurement possible. The principle of the shape measurement using the whole-space tabulation method and some results of shape measurements using this method are shown.","PeriodicalId":366216,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Symposium on Optomechatronic Technologies","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121758329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-10DOI: 10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326048
C. Pérez, L. Castillo
Face detection and recognition depend strongly on illumination conditions. In this paper, we present improvements in the illumination compensation method called Self Quotient Image (SQI) applied to face recognition. Using genetic algorithms (GA) we select parameters of the SQI method to improve face recognition. The parameters optimized by the GA were: the fraction of the mean value within the region for the SQI, selection of Arctangent, Sigmoid, Hyperbolic Tangent or Minimum functions, and the values for the weights of each filter are selected within the range 0 and 1. We compare results of our proposed method to those with no illumination compensation and to those previously published for SQI method. We use four internationally available face databases: Yale B, CMU PIE, AR, Color FERET (grayscaled), where the first two contain face images with significant changes in illumination conditions, and the third one contains face images with slight changes in illumination conditions. Our method performs better than SQI in images with non-homogeneous illumination.
{"title":"Illumination compensation for face recognition by genetic optimization of the Self-Quotient Image method","authors":"C. Pérez, L. Castillo","doi":"10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326048","url":null,"abstract":"Face detection and recognition depend strongly on illumination conditions. In this paper, we present improvements in the illumination compensation method called Self Quotient Image (SQI) applied to face recognition. Using genetic algorithms (GA) we select parameters of the SQI method to improve face recognition. The parameters optimized by the GA were: the fraction of the mean value within the region for the SQI, selection of Arctangent, Sigmoid, Hyperbolic Tangent or Minimum functions, and the values for the weights of each filter are selected within the range 0 and 1. We compare results of our proposed method to those with no illumination compensation and to those previously published for SQI method. We use four internationally available face databases: Yale B, CMU PIE, AR, Color FERET (grayscaled), where the first two contain face images with significant changes in illumination conditions, and the third one contains face images with slight changes in illumination conditions. Our method performs better than SQI in images with non-homogeneous illumination.","PeriodicalId":366216,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Symposium on Optomechatronic Technologies","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128799595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-10DOI: 10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326137
Franz M. Weinert, D. Braun
Optical techniques are very versatile in manipulating matter from far away. We like to show how light can be used to move fluids in an unstructured environment. Precise methods to control properties of fluids, like flow fields or the concentration of solutes would be a powerful tool for the controlled manipulation and investigation of chemical, biological and even cellular processes. A prominent technical example for a fluidic system is the so-called Lab-on-a-chip technology. These microchips miniaturize chemical or biological analyses down to a few millimeters to obtain fast results with only little amount of substrates. A major advantage is the possibility to perform multi parallel analyses. But controlling fluids at these small scales is a difficult task. Fluid flow is laminar and the implementation of valves, mixing fluids and driving the flow require complex chip designs and need many connections to external macroscopic pumps. In this paper, we will present a new approach to drive and control fluid flow in such small systems. Instead of applying pressure from outside in order to generate the flow, it is locally induced by a focused laser. This method allows to control fluid flows in closed compartments like vesicles or living cells. The fluid flows transport solved particles together with the surrounding liquid.
{"title":"Light driven Microfluidics","authors":"Franz M. Weinert, D. Braun","doi":"10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326137","url":null,"abstract":"Optical techniques are very versatile in manipulating matter from far away. We like to show how light can be used to move fluids in an unstructured environment. Precise methods to control properties of fluids, like flow fields or the concentration of solutes would be a powerful tool for the controlled manipulation and investigation of chemical, biological and even cellular processes. A prominent technical example for a fluidic system is the so-called Lab-on-a-chip technology. These microchips miniaturize chemical or biological analyses down to a few millimeters to obtain fast results with only little amount of substrates. A major advantage is the possibility to perform multi parallel analyses. But controlling fluids at these small scales is a difficult task. Fluid flow is laminar and the implementation of valves, mixing fluids and driving the flow require complex chip designs and need many connections to external macroscopic pumps. In this paper, we will present a new approach to drive and control fluid flow in such small systems. Instead of applying pressure from outside in order to generate the flow, it is locally induced by a focused laser. This method allows to control fluid flows in closed compartments like vesicles or living cells. The fluid flows transport solved particles together with the surrounding liquid.","PeriodicalId":366216,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Symposium on Optomechatronic Technologies","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114903109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-10DOI: 10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326145
D. Mcgloin, M. Guillon, D. Rudd, D. Burnham, M. Summers, J. Firmin, J. Butler, J. Wills, L. Mitchem, H. Meresman, J. Reid, A. Sheridan
This paper details progress towards the possibility of creating integrated optical devices capable of manipulating and analyzing airborne particles in the form of aerosols. We also describe work designed to look at the possibility of controlling optical cavities created using liquid aerosols using light.
{"title":"Towards airborne optofluidics","authors":"D. Mcgloin, M. Guillon, D. Rudd, D. Burnham, M. Summers, J. Firmin, J. Butler, J. Wills, L. Mitchem, H. Meresman, J. Reid, A. Sheridan","doi":"10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISOT.2009.5326145","url":null,"abstract":"This paper details progress towards the possibility of creating integrated optical devices capable of manipulating and analyzing airborne particles in the form of aerosols. We also describe work designed to look at the possibility of controlling optical cavities created using liquid aerosols using light.","PeriodicalId":366216,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Symposium on Optomechatronic Technologies","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133923463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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