Results in Engineering最新文献_第6页

Enhancing the heat transfer performance on the oil groove surface of aviation friction plates using dual scale microstructures prepared by WEDM 利用电火花切割制备双尺度微结构增强航空摩擦片油槽表面的传热性能

IF 7.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.rineng.2025.108493

Zouhao Song , Jiawen Hu , Zhi Chen , Yifei Zhou , Guojun Zhang , Fenglin Han

This study proposes a new method for preparing the dual scale microstructures on the surface of oil grooves based on wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM). Firstly, a simulation model for the thermal field and wear during the engagement process of wet friction clutch is established to analyze the temperature field distribution and wear amount. The influence of the speed differences on the engagement characteristics is also explored. Secondly, the method of preparing surface dual scale microstructures based on WEDM is briefly introduced. The surface dual scale microstructure includes discharge morphology (micrometer scale, anisotropic pits and protrusions) and surface texture (submillimeter scale). The optimal process parameters for WEDM are used to achieve the large surface roughness and the high surface texture forming rate. Finally, the experimental research is conducted on the improvement of wet clutch engagement characteristics by surface dual scale microstructures. The results of the confirmatory experimental show that: during the engagement process of wet friction clutch, the relative error between the temperature measurement value and the simulation value on the friction plate is 16.1 %. The prepared surface dual scale microstructure can effectively reduce the maximum temperature on the friction plate, increase the friction torque between friction pairs by 2.03–7.02 %, and decrease the wear amount of the friction plate by 18.28–21.51 %. Therefore, the surface dual scale microstructure proposed in this study can effectively improve the engagement characteristics of the high-performance wet friction clutches, which has good the application value for practical engineering.

提出了一种基于线切割加工的油槽表面双尺度微结构制备方法。首先，建立了湿式摩擦离合器接合过程的热场和磨损仿真模型，分析了湿式摩擦离合器接合过程的温度场分布和磨损量。探讨了速度差对交战特性的影响。其次，简要介绍了基于电火花加工的表面双尺度微结构的制备方法。表面双尺度微观结构包括放电形貌（微米尺度、各向异性凹坑和突起）和表面织构（亚毫米尺度）。采用最优的电火花线切割工艺参数，可获得较大的表面粗糙度和较高的表面织构成形率。最后，对采用表面双尺度微结构改善湿式离合器接合特性进行了实验研究。验证性实验结果表明：湿式摩擦离合器在接合过程中，摩擦片上的温度测量值与仿真值的相对误差为16.1%。制备的表面双尺度微观结构可有效降低摩擦片的最高温度，使摩擦副间的摩擦力矩提高2.03 ~ 7.02%，摩擦片的磨损量降低18.28 ~ 21.51%。因此，本研究提出的表面双尺度微结构能有效改善高性能湿摩擦离合器的啮合特性，具有较好的工程实际应用价值。

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引用次数: 0

A review on MXene—Carbon, polymer, metal oxide and 2D composites for high performance supercapacitor applications mxe -碳、聚合物、金属氧化物和二维复合材料在高性能超级电容器中的应用综述

IF 7.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.rineng.2025.108720

Sudhana J , Usha Rani M

MXenes have emerged as one of the most powerful electrode materials in the family of supercapacitor electrode material due to their high conductivity, tunable surface chemistry, and layered architecture. Many reviews either focus exclusively on pure MXenes or explore only a limited subset of composite architectures, thus leaving a deficit in developing a unified understanding of these materials. This review summarizes systematically the recent advances in MXene/carbon (330–430 F.g^-1, up to 410 mF.cm^-2, 850 F.cm^-3), MXene/metal oxide(150–950 F.g^-1, 29.46–117.1 Wh.kg^-1, 29.46–117.1 Wh.kg^-1, 86.4–97.2 % - 10,000 stability), MXene/polymer(270–563.8 F.g^-1, 65.6 W.Kg^-1, 4077 Wh.Kg^-1), MXene/2D (1531.2 F.g^-1, 94.1 %-10,000 cycles) and MXene/biopolymer (286.28 F.g^-1, 98 % cycling stability). The results obtained from these composites reveal their broad capabilities and versatility towards applications in flexible electronics, portable electronics, electric vehicles, and grid-level systems. This review aims at consolidating the understanding and providing a forward-looking direction for designing next-generation MXene based supercapacitors. Furthermore, this review facilitates the rapid identification of relevant research content, elucidates the interconnections among existing studies, and highlights the challenges that must be addressed for the future development of MXene materials.

由于其高导电性、可调表面化学性质和分层结构，MXenes已成为超级电容器电极材料家族中最强大的电极材料之一。许多评论要么只关注纯MXenes，要么只探索复合体系结构的有限子集，从而在开发对这些材料的统一理解方面留下了赤字。本文系统综述了MXene/碳（330-430 F.g-1，高达410 f.c m-2, 850 F.cm-3）、MXene/金属氧化物（150-950 F.g-1, 29.46-117.1 Wh）的研究进展。kg- 1,29.46 - 117.1 Wh。kg-1, 86.4 - 97.2% - 10,000稳定度)，MXene/聚合物（270-563.8 F.g-1, 65.6 W）。kg - 1,4077 Wh。MXene/2D （1531.2 F.g-1, 94.1% -10,000循环）和MXene/生物聚合物（286.28 F.g-1, 98%循环稳定性）。从这些复合材料中获得的结果表明，它们在柔性电子产品、便携式电子产品、电动汽车和电网级系统中的应用具有广泛的能力和多功能性。本文旨在为下一代基于MXene的超级电容器的设计提供前瞻性的方向。此外，本综述有助于快速识别相关研究内容，阐明现有研究之间的相互联系，并强调了MXene材料未来发展必须解决的挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Non-destructive evaluation of induced defects in aerospace-grade CFRP composites using immersion ultrasonic C-Scan 航空级CFRP复合材料诱导缺陷的浸入式超声c扫描无损评价

IF 7.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.rineng.2025.108333

Tayfun Durmaz , Aswani Kumar Bandaru , Ronan M. O’Higgins

Non-destructive inspection methods are employed to assess the quality of both metallic and non-metallic materials without causing deformation. These techniques are widely applied across various industries. Ultrasonic testing represents one of the most prevalent non-destructive inspection techniques. The calibration of fibre-reinforced polymer composites using artificial defects presents significant challenges due to the unique internal properties of each structure, such as fibre type, orientation, layup, and fibre-to-resin ratio. This study characterises immersion ultrasonic C-Scan performance using artificially induced defects in aerospace-grade carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with varying thicknesses approximately 3 and 6 mm and layup configurations. CFRP composites with [0]₄₈ and [-45/30/45/60]_3s layups were fabricated using an autoclave process. During preform preparation, six defect types were introduced by inserting materials including aluminium, release film (Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene), Teflon (two and four layers), and Guyson Honite (one and four layers). The samples were inspected using immersion ultrasonic probes at frequencies of 5 MHz, 10 MHz, and 20 MHz. Analysis of the received signals enabled classification of defects as delamination, inclusion, layer porosity, or volume porosity. The dead zone, a primary limitation in ultrasonic testing, was also investigated. Defects were positioned near the top surface within the dead zone to evaluate detection capability. All defects located in the dead zone were successfully identified, although some challenges were encountered during the process. The received signals were subsequently classified according to the type of defect.

采用无损检测方法来评定金属和非金属材料的质量，而不引起变形。这些技术广泛应用于各个行业。超声检测是目前最流行的无损检测技术之一。由于每种结构的独特内部特性（如纤维类型、取向、层叠和纤维/树脂比），使用人工缺陷对纤维增强聚合物复合材料进行校准带来了重大挑战。本研究利用航空级碳纤维增强聚合物（CFRP）复合材料的人工诱导缺陷，对其浸没式超声波c扫描性能进行了表征，CFRP复合材料的厚度约为3和6mm，分层配置也不同。采用高压灭菌工艺制备了bbb48和[-45/30/45/60]3s层序CFRP复合材料。在预制体制备过程中，通过插入铝、脱模膜（氟化乙烯丙烯）、聚四氟乙烯（两层和四层）和盖森Honite（一层和四层）等材料，引入了六种缺陷类型。在5 MHz、10 MHz和20 MHz的频率下，使用浸入式超声探头对样品进行检测。对接收到的信号进行分析，可以将缺陷分类为分层、夹杂、层孔隙或体积孔隙。死区是超声检测的主要限制，也进行了研究。缺陷被定位在靠近死区的顶部表面以评估检测能力。尽管在这个过程中遇到了一些挑战，但是所有位于死区的缺陷都被成功地识别出来了。随后根据缺陷的类型对接收到的信号进行分类。

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引用次数: 0

Harnessing metasurface solar absorbers for high-efficiency solar absorption: Review of design, mechanisms, and challenges 利用超表面太阳能吸收体实现高效太阳能吸收：设计、机制和挑战综述

IF 7.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.rineng.2026.109010

G Saranya , Muthuraja Soundrapandian , Madurakavi Karthikeyan

Metasurface solar absorbers have emerged as promising technologies for efficient solar energy harvesting, due to their ability to control light at subwavelength scales. Unlike traditional solar absorbers such as bulk semiconductors, multilayer coatings, and plasmonic materials, metasurfaces enable higher absorption efficiency, broader spectral coverage, reduced material usage, and better thermal stability. These features make them ideal for solar-thermal and photovoltaic (PV) applications. This review provides a detailed overview of recent progress in the design and development of metasurface-based solar absorbers, discusses the fundamental concepts behind metasurfaces, including their ability to manipulate electromagnetic waves through resonance and interference effects. Compared various materials such as metals, dielectrics used for metasurface fabrication with a focus on their optical and thermal properties. For high temperature applications, high melting point material like Titanium Carbide (TiC) shows tremendous thermal stability. Dielectric spacers such as Silicon dioxide (SiO₂) achieve superior absorption rates exceeding 97% due to their low-loss characteristics with enhanced plasmonic and Fabry-Perot resonances. Different metasurface configurations designed for ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), and infrared (IR) absorption are discussed, along with the mechanisms that drive their performance, such as localized resonances, hybrid modes, and multilayer interference effects. Comparative analysis is provided on key parameters such as absorption efficiency, spectral selectivity, design complexity, and environmental robustness. This work focuses specifically on metasurface absorbers that operate across a broad solar spectrum range of 200-3000 nm. By combining theoretical understanding, material selection, and design strategies, this review aims to support the development of scalable and spectrally tunable metasurface absorbers for next-generation solar energy systems.

超表面太阳能吸收器由于能够控制亚波长尺度的光，已经成为一种很有前途的高效太阳能收集技术。与传统的太阳能吸收体（如大块半导体、多层涂层和等离子体材料）不同，超表面具有更高的吸收效率、更宽的光谱覆盖范围、更少的材料使用和更好的热稳定性。这些特性使它们成为太阳能热和光伏（PV）应用的理想选择。本文详细介绍了基于超表面的太阳能吸收器的设计和开发的最新进展，讨论了超表面背后的基本概念，包括它们通过共振和干扰效应操纵电磁波的能力。比较了用于超表面制造的各种材料，如金属、电介质，重点讨论了它们的光学和热性能。对于高温应用，像碳化钛（TiC）这样的高熔点材料表现出巨大的热稳定性。介电间隔剂，如二氧化硅（sio2），由于其具有增强的等离子体和法布里-珀罗共振的低损耗特性，实现了超过97%的优越吸收率。讨论了为紫外（UV）、可见光（VIS）和红外（IR）吸收设计的不同超表面结构，以及驱动其性能的机制，如局部共振、混合模式和多层干涉效应。对吸收效率、光谱选择性、设计复杂性和环境鲁棒性等关键参数进行了比较分析。这项工作特别侧重于在200-3000 nm的宽太阳光谱范围内工作的超表面吸收器。通过结合理论认识、材料选择和设计策略，本综述旨在支持下一代太阳能系统中可扩展和光谱可调的超表面吸收器的开发。

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引用次数: 0

A comprehensive review on nanofluids applications in the machining industry: challenges in nanofluids 纳米流体在机械加工工业中的应用综述：纳米流体的挑战

IF 7.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.rineng.2026.109220

Seyed Hasan Musavi , Davood Domiri Ganji

Recent studies on developing in manufacturing processes with economic and environmental-friendly logics have shown that many researchers are inclined to replace inefficient techniques with the new and efficient ones. Meanwhile, the machining industry, with its wide range of different processes, has accounted for a large share of industrial production. Cutting fluid (CF) is an inseparable part of machining processes, which their detailed study can have comprehensive feedback, including production costs, product quality, and human and environmental health. Knowing that over 65 % of lubricants disposals return to the environment with no purification process, and increasing regulations over pollution, therefore, suitable lubricant is demanded to replace with risky and low-efficiency one. The use of nanofluids is a practical solution to problems in today's industry that has been proposed by many researchers around the world. The present study has carefully studied the impact of various nanofluids in different sectors of the machining industry. The challenges of nanofluids such as biological effects, cost of nanoparticle production, and process limitations such as nanoparticles instability, changes in properties at high temperatures, increasing viscosity and pressure drop in transmission line are among the most important factors in the advancement of nanofluids, which were reviewed in the present work. Among them and as an important issue that many researchers haven't studied very well is the instability of the nanoparticles, which leads to nanoparticles adhesion to each other and weakening of the Brownian motion. Therefore, the stability of nanoparticles in the nanofluid is greatly reduced and they deposited rapidly, which fluid environment becomes empty of nanoparticles. Surface active agents (surfactant) can be a solution to this harmful phenomenon, which in the work, it has been tried to explain this issue in detail.

最近对经济和环境友好型制造工艺的研究表明，许多研究人员倾向于用新的和高效的技术来取代低效的技术。与此同时，机械加工行业因其广泛的不同工艺，在工业生产中占有很大的份额。切削液（CF）是机械加工过程中不可分割的一部分，对其进行详细的研究可以得到全面的反馈，包括生产成本、产品质量以及人类和环境健康。由于超过65%的润滑油处理后没有经过净化处理就会返回环境，而对污染的监管也越来越多，因此需要用有风险和低效率的润滑油来替代合适的润滑油。纳米流体的使用是当今工业问题的一种实际解决方案，已被世界各地的许多研究人员提出。本研究仔细研究了各种纳米流体对机械加工行业不同部门的影响。纳米流体面临的挑战，如生物效应、纳米颗粒生产成本、工艺限制，如纳米颗粒不稳定性、高温下性能变化、粘度增加和传输线压降等，是纳米流体发展的重要因素，本文对这些问题进行了综述。其中，纳米颗粒的不稳定性导致了纳米颗粒之间的相互粘附和布朗运动的减弱，这是许多研究人员没有很好地研究的一个重要问题。因此，纳米颗粒在纳米流体中的稳定性大大降低，并迅速沉积，使纳米颗粒在流体环境中变得空无一物。表面活性剂（表面活性剂）可以解决这一有害现象，在工作中，已试图详细解释这一问题。

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引用次数: 0

Advances in amine-based absorption solvent engineering: Co-solvent strategies toward low-energy post-combustion CO₂ capture 胺基吸收溶剂工程的进展：燃烧后低能量CO₂捕获的助溶剂策略

IF 7.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.rineng.2025.108910

Seyed Ahmadreza Amirsadat , Ahmad Azari , Ali Valizadeh

The continuous rise in anthropogenic CO₂ emissions from fossil fuel combustion underscores the urgency of developing efficient carbon capture technologies. Among various methods, post-combustion CO₂ capture using amine-based solvents remains the most mature and industrially viable. However, conventional aqueous-amine systems suffer from high regeneration energy demands, solvent degradation, and operational challenges. This study systematically reviews recent advances in amine-based solvents and co-solvent formulations designed to enhance absorption efficiency and reduce energy consumption. The discussion covers (i) thermodynamic and kinetic fundamentals of amine–CO₂ interactions, (ii) the effects of co-solvent addition on viscosity, mass transfer, and thermal stability, and (iii) the influence of operating parameters on cyclic capacity and regeneration energy. Emerging classes such as water-lean, biphasic, and nanoparticle-enhanced systems are critically compared based on their absorption kinetics, desorption enthalpy, and stability under cyclic operation. Bibliometric analysis is used to map the evolution of research trends in solvent engineering. The review highlights that co-solvents such as glycols, sulfoxides, and glycol ethers can lower reboiler duty by up to 60% relative to aqueous monoethanolamine while maintaining comparable absorption performance. Remaining challenges include viscosity control, long-term solvent degradation, and scalability. Future research should focus on optimizing solvent composition, integrating process intensification techniques, and developing predictive models linking molecular structure to process performance.

化石燃料燃烧产生的人为二氧化碳排放量持续上升，凸显了开发高效碳捕获技术的紧迫性。在各种方法中，使用胺基溶剂捕获燃烧后的二氧化碳是最成熟和工业上可行的。然而，传统的水胺系统面临着高再生能源需求、溶剂降解和操作挑战。本研究系统地回顾了胺基溶剂和助溶剂配方的最新进展，旨在提高吸收效率和降低能耗。讨论内容包括(i)胺-二氧化碳相互作用的热力学和动力学基础，（ii）添加助溶剂对粘度、传质和热稳定性的影响，以及（iii）操作参数对循环容量和再生能量的影响。新兴类别，如水贫、双相和纳米颗粒增强系统，根据其吸收动力学、解吸焓和循环操作下的稳定性进行了严格的比较。文献计量分析被用来描绘溶剂工程研究趋势的演变。该综述强调，与单乙醇胺水溶液相比，乙二醇、亚砜和乙二醇醚等共溶剂可将再沸器负荷降低高达60%，同时保持相当的吸收性能。剩下的挑战包括粘度控制、长期溶剂降解和可扩展性。未来的研究应集中在优化溶剂组成、整合工艺强化技术以及建立分子结构与工艺性能之间的预测模型。

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引用次数: 0

Seasonal variation of thermal and electrical characteristics of 684 kW DC solar photovoltaic system in thailand: Statistical and performance evaluation 泰国684 kW直流太阳能光伏系统热电特性的季节变化：统计与性能评价

IF 7.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.rineng.2025.108491

Karthikeyan Velmurugan , Chattariya Sirisamphanwong , Rattaporn Ngoenmeesri , Kongrit Mansiri , Buntoon Wiengmoon , Sirinuch Chindaruksa , Sukruedee Sukchai , Phairot Phanukan , Maruphong Konyu , Chatchai Sirisamphanwong

In recent years, solar PV systems have faced challenges in identifying and understanding losses, which are often limited by descriptive performance analysis. In this study, the thermal and electrical characteristics of a 684 kWp solar PV system are investigated under tropical climatic conditions in Thailand. A statistical analysis was performed using a box plot and the Pearson correlation method. Following that, a temperature sensitivity analysis was conducted using a non-descriptive platform to evaluate the Performance Ratio (PR) and efficiency across the four seasonal categories. It was found that in 2016, the recorded summer solar irradiance was 489 W/m², 753.5 W/m², and 918 W/m² for Quartiles 1, 2, and 3, respectively, indicating that Thailand has a rich solar energy potential. Due to tropical climatic conditions, solar irradiance has a significant impact on increasing the ambient temperature, which in turn raises the operating temperature of the PV module. During the winter periods, solar irradiance showed a strong positive correlation with current and power generation, with a correlation coefficient of 0.99. However, the monsoon period had a slight variation, with a range of 0.948. Similarly, the monsoon period experienced higher inverter power conversion loss due to frequent clouds. The highest and lowest power generation periods occurred during the presummer and monsoon seasons, with ranges of 3415.14 kWh and 1574.98 kWh, respectively. The Temperature Correction Factor (TCF) indicates that the impact of thermal effects on the solar farm was high. A TCF baseline of 40 °C shows a greater efficiency enhancement; however, it indicates an adverse effect on the Performance Ratio (PR). The highest efficiency of 17.43 % was achieved during the summer period, due to the lower temperature differences between the modified baseline operating temperature and the PV module. The corresponding PR was 0.71, comparatively 0.10 lower than TCF at 10 °C. Furthermore, it is recommended to cool the PV module operating temperature by approximately 10 °C to enhance the efficiency of the solar farm.

近年来，太阳能光伏系统在识别和理解损失方面面临着挑战，这往往受到描述性性能分析的限制。在本研究中，研究了泰国热带气候条件下684 kWp太阳能光伏系统的热电特性。采用箱形图和Pearson相关法进行统计分析。随后，使用非描述性平台进行温度敏感性分析，以评估四个季节类别的性能比（PR）和效率。研究发现，2016年，四分位数1、2和3记录的夏季太阳辐照度分别为489 W/m²、753.5 W/m²和918 W/m²，表明泰国具有丰富的太阳能潜力。由于热带气候条件，太阳辐照度对提高环境温度有很大影响，从而提高光伏组件的工作温度。在冬季，太阳辐照度与电流和发电量呈较强的正相关，相关系数为0.99。季风期变化不大，变化幅度为0.948。同样，季风期由于频繁的云层，逆变器功率转换损失更高。夏季前和季风季节的发电量最高和最低，分别为3415.14 kWh和1574.98 kWh。温度校正系数（TCF）表明，热效应对太阳能发电场的影响较大。40°C的TCF基线显示出更大的效率提高；但是，它表示对性能比（PR）有不利影响。由于修改后的基线工作温度与光伏组件之间的温差较小，在夏季期间实现了17.43%的最高效率。对应的PR为0.71，比TCF在10°C时低0.10。此外，建议将光伏组件的工作温度降低约10°C，以提高太阳能发电场的效率。

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引用次数: 0

Recent progress on machine learning techniques for flow field optimization toward performance and commercial scale proton exchange membrane fuel cell: A systematic review 机器学习技术在质子交换膜燃料电池性能和商业规模流场优化方面的最新进展

IF 7.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.rineng.2026.109519

Arby Pratama Putra Rosmin , Mas Irfan Purbawanto Hidayat , Azzah Dyah Pramata

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) are promising technologies for sustainable energy conversion. One of the important factors governing its performance is the design of the flow field within bipolar plate, which plays a key role in ensuring efficient reactant distribution and water management in the membrane electrode assembly. This paper provides a systematic review of recent advancements in surrogate modelling and machine learning (ML)-based optimization techniques as applied to the design of flow fields in PEMFC. The review encompasses various flow field configurations, including both 2D and 3D designs that incorporate baffles, traps, and bio-inspired structures. The modelling and optimization strategies, either single- or multi-objective, are identified and examined, enabling clearer evaluation of each contribution and limitation. The predictive accuracies are reported. The principal factors affecting the performance of surrogate models are nonlinearity degree in the input–output relationships, dataset size, number and quality of input parameters, model architecture, training strategies, and hyperparameter tuning. While neural networks (NN), response surface methodology (RSM), support vector machines (SVM), Kriging models, and deep neural networks (DNN) are commonly utilized surrogate models, the NNs outperform other ML models. The other models, however, show more flexibility with limited datasets. In addition, genetic algorithm (GA) and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) are respectively the single- and multi-objective algorithms most frequently integrated with the surrogate models. The use of ML techniques leads to efficient approach greatly enhancing PEMFC flow field optimization and hold a promising solution toward performance and commercial scale PEMFC.

质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）是一种很有前途的可持续能源转换技术。控制其性能的重要因素之一是双极板内流场的设计，它对确保膜电极组件中有效的反应物分布和水管理起着关键作用。本文系统回顾了代理模型和基于机器学习（ML）的优化技术在PEMFC流场设计中的最新进展。该综述涵盖了各种流场配置，包括2D和3D设计，包括挡板、陷阱和仿生结构。无论是单目标还是多目标的建模和优化策略，都被确定和检查，从而能够更清楚地评估每个贡献和限制。报告了预测精度。影响代理模型性能的主要因素是输入输出关系的非线性程度、数据集大小、输入参数的数量和质量、模型架构、训练策略和超参数调优。虽然神经网络（NN）、响应面方法学（RSM）、支持向量机（SVM）、Kriging模型和深度神经网络（DNN）是常用的替代模型，但NN的性能优于其他ML模型。然而，其他模型在有限的数据集上显示出更大的灵活性。此外，遗传算法（GA）和非支配排序遗传算法II （NSGA-II）分别是最常与代理模型集成的单目标算法和多目标算法。机器学习技术的使用可以有效地增强PEMFC流场优化，并为性能和商业规模的PEMFC提供了一个有前途的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

From oil displacement to safe storage: Impacts of impurity gases in CO2 geological utilization 从驱油到安全储存：二氧化碳地质利用中杂质气体的影响

IF 7.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.rineng.2026.109958

Yutong Yan , Hongwei Yu , Yu Zhang , Mingyuan Wang , Wenfeng Lv , Shumin Ni , Jiangfei Wei , Weifeng Lyu

The ubiquitous presence of impurity gases in industrially captured CO₂ streams poses critical challenges to the efficiency and safety of the entire CO₂-enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and geological storage chain, representing a core scientific issue urgently requiring resolution for the large-scale application of Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS). This review, for the first time, systematically integrates the dual perspectives of “EOR-Storage” to comprehensively analyze the mechanisms of impurity effects. Key findings indicate that: in the EOR stage, impurities influence the minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) through thermodynamic, mass transfer, and phase behavior pathways, with their effects nonlinearly modulated by concentration, temperature, crude oil properties, and synergistic/antagonistic interactions among impurities; in the geological storage stage, impurities trigger multi-scale differentiated effects: acidic impurities dominate the pathway and efficiency of mineral trapping through strong acidification-dissolution and competitive precipitation, while non-condensable impurities significantly affect the capacity and kinetics of structural and dissolution trapping by altering density and buoyancy. Reservoir type and depth differentially modulate these responses. This review further analyzes the economic-safety tension between the industry's preference for high purity and the utilization of low-cost, impure carbon sources, and points out that future research must focus on developing reservoir-customized methods for assessing impurity tolerance, adaptive quality control technologies, and full-chain techno-economic analysis tools. This review provides crucial theoretical support and decision-making references for optimizing the injection design of impurity-containing CO₂ streams and balancing the safety and economics of CCUS projects.

工业捕集二氧化碳流中普遍存在的杂质气体对整个二氧化碳提高采收率（EOR）和地质封存链的效率和安全性构成了严峻挑战，是碳捕集、利用和封存（CCUS）大规模应用迫切需要解决的核心科学问题。本文首次系统地整合了“EOR-Storage”的双重视角，全面分析了杂质效应的机理。主要研究结果表明：在提高采收率阶段，杂质通过热力学、传质和相行为途径影响最小混相压力（MMP），其影响受浓度、温度、原油性质和杂质之间的协同/拮抗相互作用的非线性调节；在地质储集阶段，杂质引发多尺度分化效应：酸性杂质通过强酸化-溶解和竞争性沉淀主导矿物捕获途径和效率，而非凝聚性杂质通过改变密度和浮力显著影响结构和溶解捕获的能力和动力学。储层类型和深度对这些响应有不同的调节作用。本文进一步分析了行业对高纯度的偏好与低成本、不纯碳源的利用之间的经济-安全紧张关系，并指出未来的研究必须侧重于开发油藏定制的杂质容错评估方法、自适应质量控制技术和全链技术-经济分析工具。本文为优化含杂质CO2流的注入设计，平衡CCUS项目的安全性和经济性提供了重要的理论支持和决策参考。

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引用次数: 0

A review of damage mechanisms, prediction methods, and risk management strategies for urban underground steel pipelines 城市地下钢管线损伤机理、预测方法及风险管理策略综述

IF 7.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.rineng.2026.109701

Jiayi Li, Fanyu Zeng, Jingsi Xie, Tiantian Zhang, Dongliang Han, Yufei Tan

As global climate change intensifies and urban pipeline service lifespans extend, ensuring the safety and resilience of subsurface pipeline infrastructure is critical for sustainable development. This review examines typical damage mechanisms at the micro-material, macro-structural, and system levels, and highlights recent advances in predictive methods for steel pipeline failures. Special emphasis is placed on integrating multi-algorithm strategies with physics-informed and data-driven models to improve prediction accuracy and enhance disaster response capabilities. Risk management is emphasized as a core component of resilience governance, and current prevention and control strategies are discussed. Furthermore, the study identifies major challenges to resilient steel pipeline management and proposes strategic pathways involving four key stakeholders: government, industry, academia, and the public. This review provides theoretical insights and practical references for enhancing operational resilience and pre-incident protection of urban pipeline networks under complex and evolving environmental conditions.

随着全球气候变化加剧和城市管道服务寿命延长，确保地下管道基础设施的安全性和弹性对可持续发展至关重要。本文综述了微观材料、宏观结构和系统层面的典型损伤机制，并重点介绍了钢管道故障预测方法的最新进展。特别强调将多算法策略与物理信息和数据驱动模型相结合，以提高预测准确性和增强灾害响应能力。强调风险管理是弹性治理的核心组成部分，并讨论了当前的预防和控制策略。此外，该研究还确定了弹性钢管道管理面临的主要挑战，并提出了涉及四个关键利益相关者的战略途径：政府、行业、学术界和公众。本文为在复杂多变的环境条件下提高城市管网的运行弹性和事前防护能力提供了理论见解和实践参考。

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引用次数: 0