Pub Date : 2004-12-13DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399675
C.L. Rogers, J. Harris
This paper discusses a low-power spike detection circuit, which reduces bandwidth from neural recordings by only outputting a short pulse at each neural spike time. Communication bandwidth is dramatically reduced to the number of spikes. The principal idea is to use two low pass filters, one with a higher cutoff frequency to remove high frequency noise and the other with a lower cutoff frequency to create a local average. When the difference between the signal and the local average rises above a threshold, a spike is detected. The circuit uses subthreshold CMOS to keep the power consumption low enough for integration of many channels in an implanted device. This spike detection method shows promising results towards a robust and unsupervised algorithm that is lower power and more compact than existing spike detection methods.
{"title":"A low-power analog spike detector for extracellular neural recordings","authors":"C.L. Rogers, J. Harris","doi":"10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399675","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses a low-power spike detection circuit, which reduces bandwidth from neural recordings by only outputting a short pulse at each neural spike time. Communication bandwidth is dramatically reduced to the number of spikes. The principal idea is to use two low pass filters, one with a higher cutoff frequency to remove high frequency noise and the other with a lower cutoff frequency to create a local average. When the difference between the signal and the local average rises above a threshold, a spike is detected. The circuit uses subthreshold CMOS to keep the power consumption low enough for integration of many channels in an implanted device. This spike detection method shows promising results towards a robust and unsupervised algorithm that is lower power and more compact than existing spike detection methods.","PeriodicalId":38467,"journal":{"name":"Giornale di Storia Costituzionale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80722642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-12-13DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399698
Michal Silbermintz, Amir Sahar, Itay Peled, M. Anschel, Emil Watralov, H. Miller, E. Weisberger
The paper introduces a system-on-chip (SOC) modeling methodology that enables the use of a single model for multiple purposes throughout a project's life cycle, starting from the architectural definition phase, continuing with the microarchitectural optimization and ending with the software development and optimization phase. These different purposes are served by enabling multiple approaches for modeling applications, providing capabilities for configuring and refining the hardware model and reaching a high accuracy level while maintaining a good simulation speed.
{"title":"SOC modeling methodology for architectural exploration and software development","authors":"Michal Silbermintz, Amir Sahar, Itay Peled, M. Anschel, Emil Watralov, H. Miller, E. Weisberger","doi":"10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399698","url":null,"abstract":"The paper introduces a system-on-chip (SOC) modeling methodology that enables the use of a single model for multiple purposes throughout a project's life cycle, starting from the architectural definition phase, continuing with the microarchitectural optimization and ending with the software development and optimization phase. These different purposes are served by enabling multiple approaches for modeling applications, providing capabilities for configuring and refining the hardware model and reaching a high accuracy level while maintaining a good simulation speed.","PeriodicalId":38467,"journal":{"name":"Giornale di Storia Costituzionale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82393053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-12-13DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399736
L. Sudakov-Boreysha, A. Morgenshtein, U. Dinnar, Y. Nemirovsky
This work presents the main challenges in ISFET encapsulation. It analyzes SU8 drawbacks as an encapsulant and presents a novel flip-chip bonding packaging concept.
{"title":"ISFET CMOS compatible design and encapsulation challenges","authors":"L. Sudakov-Boreysha, A. Morgenshtein, U. Dinnar, Y. Nemirovsky","doi":"10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399736","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the main challenges in ISFET encapsulation. It analyzes SU8 drawbacks as an encapsulant and presents a novel flip-chip bonding packaging concept.","PeriodicalId":38467,"journal":{"name":"Giornale di Storia Costituzionale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89535711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-12-13DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399674
V. Varshavsky, I. Levin, V. Marakhovsky, A. Ruderman, N. Kravchenko
The functional completeness of a summing amplifier with saturation in an arbitrary value multi-valued logic, proven in previous works, gives a theoretical background for analog implementation of fuzzy devices. Practical design techniques for multi-valued analog fuzzy controllers still have to be developed. Compared with the traditional approach, analog CMOS fuzzy controller implementation has the advantages of higher speed, lower power consumption, smaller die area and more. This paper introduces some special design techniques and provides design examples for an industrial fuzzy controller implementation confirmed by SPICE simulations.
{"title":"Fuzzy decision diagram realization by analog CMOS summing amplifiers","authors":"V. Varshavsky, I. Levin, V. Marakhovsky, A. Ruderman, N. Kravchenko","doi":"10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399674","url":null,"abstract":"The functional completeness of a summing amplifier with saturation in an arbitrary value multi-valued logic, proven in previous works, gives a theoretical background for analog implementation of fuzzy devices. Practical design techniques for multi-valued analog fuzzy controllers still have to be developed. Compared with the traditional approach, analog CMOS fuzzy controller implementation has the advantages of higher speed, lower power consumption, smaller die area and more. This paper introduces some special design techniques and provides design examples for an industrial fuzzy controller implementation confirmed by SPICE simulations.","PeriodicalId":38467,"journal":{"name":"Giornale di Storia Costituzionale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77495498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-12-13DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399626
L. Hernández, P. Rombouts, E. Prefasi, S. Patón, Mario Garcia, C. Lopez
This work presents a prototype low pass continuous time sigma delta modulator which uses transmission lines in its loop filter rather than capacitive integrators. As has been shown in prior theoretical work, such a structure allows us to desensitize the modulator against clock jitter and excess loop delay. The prototype single-bit modulator was designed for an oversampling ratio of 128. Clocked at 53.7 MHz it achieves a peak SNR of 67 dB. In an experiment with an excessive clock jitter of 1% of the clock period, the SNDR is degraded by only 5dB compared to the case without jitter. This is 15dB better than an equivalent modulator with capacitive integrators.
{"title":"A jitter insensitive continuous-time /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulator using transmission lines","authors":"L. Hernández, P. Rombouts, E. Prefasi, S. Patón, Mario Garcia, C. Lopez","doi":"10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399626","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a prototype low pass continuous time sigma delta modulator which uses transmission lines in its loop filter rather than capacitive integrators. As has been shown in prior theoretical work, such a structure allows us to desensitize the modulator against clock jitter and excess loop delay. The prototype single-bit modulator was designed for an oversampling ratio of 128. Clocked at 53.7 MHz it achieves a peak SNR of 67 dB. In an experiment with an excessive clock jitter of 1% of the clock period, the SNDR is degraded by only 5dB compared to the case without jitter. This is 15dB better than an equivalent modulator with capacitive integrators.","PeriodicalId":38467,"journal":{"name":"Giornale di Storia Costituzionale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79942561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-12-13DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399724
A. Telli, S. Demir, M. Askar
Inductors are essential elements for RF design. For RFIC design, bondwires, planar solenoidal and planar spiral inductors are available. Due to some limitations of bondwires and planar solenoidal inductors, planar spiral inductors are the most popular ones. Designers try to get accurate lumped element models for planar spiral inductors in order to be able to simulate the circuit performance correctly before the integrated circuit is manufactured. Planar spiral inductor measurement methods are discussed, and the comparison between lumped element model simulation results and experimental measurement results are given. The results of this study show that it is possible to model planar spiral inductors with lumped element circuit models, parameters of which can be calculated by basic, but accurate, expressions.
{"title":"Practical performance of planar spiral inductors","authors":"A. Telli, S. Demir, M. Askar","doi":"10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399724","url":null,"abstract":"Inductors are essential elements for RF design. For RFIC design, bondwires, planar solenoidal and planar spiral inductors are available. Due to some limitations of bondwires and planar solenoidal inductors, planar spiral inductors are the most popular ones. Designers try to get accurate lumped element models for planar spiral inductors in order to be able to simulate the circuit performance correctly before the integrated circuit is manufactured. Planar spiral inductor measurement methods are discussed, and the comparison between lumped element model simulation results and experimental measurement results are given. The results of this study show that it is possible to model planar spiral inductors with lumped element circuit models, parameters of which can be calculated by basic, but accurate, expressions.","PeriodicalId":38467,"journal":{"name":"Giornale di Storia Costituzionale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87285668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-12-13DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399714
A. Cavalcanti, Lior Rosen, L. Kretly, M. Rosenfeld, S. Einav
Ongoing developments in molecular fabrication, computation, sensors and motors will enable the manufacturing of nanorobots - nanoscale biomolecular machine systems. The present work constitutes a novel simulation approach, intended to be a platform for the design and research of nanorobot control. The simulation approach involves a combined and multi-scale view of the scenario. Fluid dynamics numerical simulation is used to construct the nanorobotic environment, and an additional simulation models nanorobot sensing, control and behavior. We discuss some of the most promising possibilities for nanorobotics applications in biomedical problems, paying a special attention to a stenosed coronary artery case.
{"title":"Nanorobotic challenges in biomedical applications, design and control","authors":"A. Cavalcanti, Lior Rosen, L. Kretly, M. Rosenfeld, S. Einav","doi":"10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399714","url":null,"abstract":"Ongoing developments in molecular fabrication, computation, sensors and motors will enable the manufacturing of nanorobots - nanoscale biomolecular machine systems. The present work constitutes a novel simulation approach, intended to be a platform for the design and research of nanorobot control. The simulation approach involves a combined and multi-scale view of the scenario. Fluid dynamics numerical simulation is used to construct the nanorobotic environment, and an additional simulation models nanorobot sensing, control and behavior. We discuss some of the most promising possibilities for nanorobotics applications in biomedical problems, paying a special attention to a stenosed coronary artery case.","PeriodicalId":38467,"journal":{"name":"Giornale di Storia Costituzionale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88990465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-12-13DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399613
A. Yahalom, Y. Pinhasi
The growing demand for broadband wireless communication links and the lack of wide frequency bands within the conventional spectrum causes us to seek bandwidth in the higher microwave and millimeter-wave spectrum at extremely high frequencies (EHF) above 30 GHz. One of the principal challenges in realizing modern wireless communication links in the EHF band are phenomena occurring during electromagnetic wave propagation through the atmosphere and in the linear systems of the receiver. A space-frequency approach for analyzing wireless communication channels operating in the EHF band is presented. The signal analysis is studied in the frequency domain, enabling consideration of ultra wide band modulated signals. The theory is employed for the analysis of a communication channel operating at EHF that utilizes pulse amplitude modulated signals.
{"title":"Analysis of linear system response to wide band signals with applications to filters","authors":"A. Yahalom, Y. Pinhasi","doi":"10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399613","url":null,"abstract":"The growing demand for broadband wireless communication links and the lack of wide frequency bands within the conventional spectrum causes us to seek bandwidth in the higher microwave and millimeter-wave spectrum at extremely high frequencies (EHF) above 30 GHz. One of the principal challenges in realizing modern wireless communication links in the EHF band are phenomena occurring during electromagnetic wave propagation through the atmosphere and in the linear systems of the receiver. A space-frequency approach for analyzing wireless communication channels operating in the EHF band is presented. The signal analysis is studied in the frequency domain, enabling consideration of ultra wide band modulated signals. The theory is employed for the analysis of a communication channel operating at EHF that utilizes pulse amplitude modulated signals.","PeriodicalId":38467,"journal":{"name":"Giornale di Storia Costituzionale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86171501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-12-13DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399677
O. Tsakiridis, E. Zervas, D. Syvridis, M. Tsilis, T. Stonham
A differential bipolar chaotic Colpitts oscillator is presented. Compared to the classical Colpitts oscillator, the differential chaos Colpitts oscillator (DCCO) produces anti-phase dual output chaotic carriers and the circuit is insensitive to any extra parasitic components. Pspice simulations performed up to 1 GHz, demonstrate the effectiveness of DCCO.
{"title":"Design of a differential chaotic Colpitts oscillator","authors":"O. Tsakiridis, E. Zervas, D. Syvridis, M. Tsilis, T. Stonham","doi":"10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399677","url":null,"abstract":"A differential bipolar chaotic Colpitts oscillator is presented. Compared to the classical Colpitts oscillator, the differential chaos Colpitts oscillator (DCCO) produces anti-phase dual output chaotic carriers and the circuit is insensitive to any extra parasitic components. Pspice simulations performed up to 1 GHz, demonstrate the effectiveness of DCCO.","PeriodicalId":38467,"journal":{"name":"Giornale di Storia Costituzionale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81850393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-12-13DOI: 10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399692
S. Greenberg, Nir Feldblum, Gal Melamed
Reed-Solomon (RS) codes are error-correcting codes used in many of today's communication systems. RS encoding and decoding are typically implemented using dedicated hardware elements used in ADSL modems and digital TV. In this paper we propose using software in lieu of a hardware-based RS de-coder. This is accomplished using the Berlekamp-Massey algorithm, implemented on a programmable DSP. This software-based RS decoder using Berlekamp-Massey is implemented on Motorola's MSC8101 StarCore DSP. In order to evaluate the algorithm we use the following criteria: computation cost; cycle count, critical paths in the decoding scheme, and error location in the codeword. Furthermore, we examine the effect of changing the RS code's k, t parameters and its primitive polynomial in real-time implementation. The Berlekamp-Massey algorithm operates over finite field arithmetic, whose steps, as applied on the StarCore DSP, are discussed in detail and specifically evaluated using the assembly code for the syndrome search. We conclude that the Berlekamp-Massey algorithm, used for RS decoding, should be implemented using long codewords.
{"title":"Implementation of the Berlekamp-Massey algorithm using a DSP","authors":"S. Greenberg, Nir Feldblum, Gal Melamed","doi":"10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS.2004.1399692","url":null,"abstract":"Reed-Solomon (RS) codes are error-correcting codes used in many of today's communication systems. RS encoding and decoding are typically implemented using dedicated hardware elements used in ADSL modems and digital TV. In this paper we propose using software in lieu of a hardware-based RS de-coder. This is accomplished using the Berlekamp-Massey algorithm, implemented on a programmable DSP. This software-based RS decoder using Berlekamp-Massey is implemented on Motorola's MSC8101 StarCore DSP. In order to evaluate the algorithm we use the following criteria: computation cost; cycle count, critical paths in the decoding scheme, and error location in the codeword. Furthermore, we examine the effect of changing the RS code's k, t parameters and its primitive polynomial in real-time implementation. The Berlekamp-Massey algorithm operates over finite field arithmetic, whose steps, as applied on the StarCore DSP, are discussed in detail and specifically evaluated using the assembly code for the syndrome search. We conclude that the Berlekamp-Massey algorithm, used for RS decoding, should be implemented using long codewords.","PeriodicalId":38467,"journal":{"name":"Giornale di Storia Costituzionale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90677328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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