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Tematyka ukrainistyczna w „Poradniku Językowym” (1901–2022) 语言指南中的乌克兰语主题(1901–2022)
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.33896/porj.2023.4.5
Stanisław Dubisz
The Polish-language profile of „Poradnik Językowy” („The Linguistic Guide”) determines the fact that the studies regarding the Ukrainian language constitute a relatively small portion of the publications (66 in total). However, they have been published nearly since the initial annals and their subject matters include (in the quantitative order): 1) the presence of the Polish language in Ukraine, 2) the presence of the Ukrainian language in Ukraine, 3) the issues of the Slavic languages in general, 4) comparative (including contrastive) studies, 5) Ukrainisms present in the Polish language. The publications depict the status of the Ukrainian language in Ukraine and in contacts with the Polish language, interests of (Polish and Ukrainian) linguists in these issues, and trends in the language policies of both states.Keywords: language contacts – the Ukrainian language – the Polish language.
“Poradnik Językowy”(“语言学指南”)的波兰语简介表明,关于乌克兰语的研究只占出版物的一小部分(总共66篇)。然而,它们几乎从最初的编年史开始就出版了,它们的主题包括(按数量顺序):1)波兰语在乌克兰的存在,2)乌克兰语在乌克兰的存在,3)斯拉夫语言的一般问题,4)比较(包括对比)研究,5)波兰语中的乌克兰语。这些出版物描述了乌克兰语在乌克兰的地位和与波兰语的联系,(波兰语和乌克兰语)语言学家在这些问题上的兴趣,以及两国语言政策的趋势。关键词:语言接触-乌克兰语-波兰语。
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引用次数: 0
Polisemia czuć pozostałością synestezji? – próba wyjaśnienia wieloznaczności czasownika 多糖血症残余联觉的气味?动词歧义的解释尝试
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.33896/porj.2023.4.1
A. Piotrowska
This article attempts to explain the causes of the formation and preservation of the polysemy of the verb czuć (to feel, to smell, to taste, to see) by using the knowledge of synesthesia from various scientific disciplines. The ambiguity of the verb can be justified by the metaphorical extension of the concrete senses over abstract ones and the preservation of the remains of the original way of sensing when, at a certain stage, the received stimuli and the accompanying emotions or thoughts are not differentiated or specified. D. Buttlerowa clarifies that such a situation is a reflection of the synthetic and sensational perception of the world characterising the old ethne and every human being in infantry and early childhood. The combination of impressions coming from different senses facilitates learning, memorising and acquiring language early in life. Giving consideration to research from various disciplines of science permits the discernment of the reasonability to preserve the ambiguity of czuć and understanding of its cause rather than perceiving it as an example of denying the tendency for clarity and precision in language.Keywords: perception – polysemy – czuć – semantic archaism
本文试图运用各学科的联觉知识来解释动词“感觉”(to feel, to smell, to taste, to see)一词多义的形成和保存的原因。动词的模糊性可以通过具体感官对抽象感官的隐喻延伸和原始感知方式的保留来证明,当在某一阶段,接受的刺激和伴随的情感或思想没有被区分或指定时。D. Buttlerowa澄清说,这种情况反映了古代民族和每一个步兵和幼儿时期的人对世界的综合和感性感知。来自不同感官的印象的结合有助于在生命早期学习、记忆和习得语言。考虑到来自不同科学学科的研究,可以看出保留zuzki的模糊性和理解其原因的合理性,而不是将其视为否认语言清晰和精确趋势的一个例子。关键词:知觉-一词多义-祖克-语义古语
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引用次数: 0
Kobiety Bracławszczyzny z drugiej połowy XVI wiekui pierwszej dekady XVII wieku przez pryzmat antroponimii 从人类学的棱镜看16世纪下半叶至17世纪第一个十年的兄弟会妇女
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.33896/porj.2023.4.3
Vasyl Denysiuk, Oksana Zelinska
This article analyses the specific nature of nominations of women in official documents of the Bratslav Voivodship in the period 1566–1606. The authors attach a particular attention to extralinguistic factors that are required for the correct interpretation of using various means of anthroponymic identification of women in the analysed texts. A comparison to the results of the Ukrainian, Polish, and Belarusian onomastics provides grounds for the ascertainment of the popularity of the female name Anna and the popularisation of the name Maria in the Polish‑Lithuanian Commonwealth under the Ukrainian influence. Like in the neighbouring Polish lands, is the bi-lexical (through the first name and surname) method of anthroponymic identification of women prevalent in the Bratslav region’s documents.
本文分析了1566-1606年期间布拉迪斯拉发省官方文件中提名妇女的具体性质。作者特别注意在分析的文本中使用各种方法对妇女进行人类学鉴定所需的正确解释的语言外因素。通过对乌克兰、波兰和白俄罗斯的onomastics结果的比较,我们可以确定在受乌克兰影响的波兰立陶宛联邦中,Anna这个女性名字的流行程度和Maria这个名字的流行程度。与邻近的波兰一样,在布拉茨斯拉夫地区的文献中,普遍采用双词汇(通过名和姓)的方法对女性进行姓氏识别。
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引用次数: 0
Po Narodowym Korpusie Języka Polskiego – zmiany w słownictwie polskim ostatniej dekady na przykładzie słów kluczowych 在国家波兰语团之后——过去十年波兰语词汇的变化——以关键词为例
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.33896/porj.2023.4.2
Natalia Zawadzka-Paluektau, A. Tomaszewska, J. Wołoszyn
The paper reports on the results of an examination of changes in Polish lexis over the past decade. Two different, multi-million corpora spanning the years 2011–2022 were contrasted with a subset of the balanced National Corpus of Polish, which covers the period until 2010. To this end, keyword analysis was employed, and words that are particularly characteristic of the more recent set of texts, compared to the older corpus, were automatically extracted. This allowed us to identify the most salient lexical trends which differentiate the language of the last decade from the one recorded in the National Corpus of Polish, and which point to significant extralinguistic socio-cultural, economic, and political shifts across time.Keywords: corpus linguistics – National Corpus of Polish – language change – diachronic research – keyword analysis.
本文报告了对过去十年波兰语词汇变化的研究结果。两个不同的,跨越2011-2022年的数百万语料库与平衡的波兰语国家语料库的一个子集进行了对比,该语料库涵盖了直到2010年的时期。为此,采用了关键字分析,并自动提取了与旧语料库相比,在最新文本集中具有特别特征的单词。这使我们能够识别出最显著的词汇趋势,这些趋势将过去十年的波兰语与国家波兰语料库中记录的语言区分开来,并指出了重要的语言外社会文化,经济和政治变化。关键词:语料库语言学国家波兰语料库语言变化历时性研究关键词分析
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引用次数: 0
Kogo i jak teraz uczymy? Demografiaa glottodydaktyka polonistyczna w zbiorowości polonocentrycznej USA 我们现在在教谁,怎样教?美国以波兰为中心的社区中的波兰人
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.33896/porj.2023.3.6
Stanisław Dubisz, B. K. Jędryka
The outline of the history of creation of Polish (Polonocentric) communities in the USA evidences the process of the demographic and social transformation of the diaspora from Polish populations of settlers to Polish communities abroad to Polonocentric circles, which has a substantive influence on education of Polish communities abroad in the areas of command of Polish and knowledge of Poland. The results of the research conducted in the period 2015–2022 in the educational system for Polish communities on the East Coast of the USA permit the conclusions on the necessity to modify the teaching methods, techniques, and materials used in teaching Polish to children and youth of Polish descent.Keywords: glottodidactics – Polish as a foreign language – inherited Polish language – Polish community in the USA
美国波兰(以波洛人为中心)社区的创建历史概述证明了波兰移民人口到海外波兰社区再到以波洛人为中心的圈子的人口和社会转变过程,这对波兰语掌握和波兰知识领域的海外波兰社区教育产生了实质性影响。2015-2022年期间在美国东海岸波兰社区教育系统中进行的研究结果表明,有必要修改波兰裔儿童和青少年波兰语教学的教学方法、技术和材料。关键词:外语教学;波兰语作为外语;继承波兰语
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引用次数: 0
: #SzczepimySię przeciw #SARS-CoV-2 – wykorzystanie hasztagóww postach polskich lekarzy w okresie pandemii COVID-19 #SzczepimiSiÉ反对#SARS-CoV-2——新冠肺炎大流行期间波兰医生帖子中使用标签
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.33896/porj.2023.3.4
Karolina Brylska
This article concerns the use of hashtags in doctors’ posts in social media during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most important theoretical issues related to the notion and communicative meaning of hashtags are discussed and the results of the author’s own research are presented here. During the research, the total number of 516 hashtags used in 86 posts were recorded. This article demonstrates a catalogue of the most common hashtags and discusses the hashtag typology developed based on the aggregated collection: impressives, persuasive nominations, self-identification hashtags, proper names, thematic hashtags. It proposes also several conclusions on the manner of using social networking services by doctors.Keywords: hashtag – social media – doctor – COVID-19 – vaccination – coronavirus – post.
本文关注2019冠状病毒病大流行期间医生在社交媒体上发帖时使用标签的情况。讨论了与话题标签的概念和交际意义相关的最重要的理论问题,并介绍了作者自己的研究结果。在研究过程中,记录了86篇帖子中使用的516个标签的总数。本文展示了最常见的标签目录,并讨论了基于聚合集合开发的标签类型:令人印象深刻的、有说服力的提名、自我识别的标签、专有名称、主题标签。它还就医生使用社交网络服务的方式提出了一些结论。关键词:标签-社交媒体-医生- COVID-19 -疫苗-冠状病毒-帖子
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引用次数: 0
Zmiany w polskim modelu grzeczności na przykładzie językowych sposobów zwracania się firm do klientów w mediach społecznościowych 波兰礼貌模式的变化——以社交媒体中向客户称呼公司的语言方式为例
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.33896/porj.2023.3.5
Anna Dąbkowska
This article discusses the changes occurring in the traditional model of Polish politeness. The changes were discussed based on three issues concerned with linguistic politeness of enterprises having their business profiles in social media: politeness relationships with their customers, spelling of forms of address, their formal language forms. The descriptive approach was applied to that end. It boils down to indicating changes in linguistic politeness behaviours observed in the analysed media compared to traditional patterns. The material basis comprises 1,290 posts published in the period 2014–2022 on Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. The reasonability of such research is attested to by the noticeably growing impact exerted by social media on Polish language users, which will result in a transformation of the Polish politeness model.Keywords: Polish politeness model – linguistic politeness – language in social media – forms of address.
本文讨论了波兰传统礼貌模式发生的变化。这些变化是基于在社交媒体上有商业档案的企业的语言礼貌的三个问题来讨论的:与客户的礼貌关系,称呼形式的拼写,正式的语言形式。为此目的采用了描述性方法。它可以归结为与传统模式相比,在分析的媒体中观察到的语言礼貌行为的变化。物质基础包括2014-2022年期间在Facebook、Instagram和Twitter上发布的1290条帖子。社交媒体对波兰语用户的影响越来越大,这将导致波兰语礼貌模式的转变,这也证明了这一研究的合理性。关键词:波兰礼貌模式-语言礼貌-社交媒体语言-称呼形式
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引用次数: 0
W poczuciu obywatelskiego obowiązku. Rzecz o gramatyce Antoniego Morzyckiego 公民责任感。Antoni Morzycki的语法
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.33896/porj.2023.3.7
Wanda Decyk-Zięba
A study titled Rys grammatyki języka polskiego (Outline of the Polish grammar) was published in 1857. Antoni Morzycki, the author of the grammar book, was not a philologist by education, he wrote his study out of a sense of civic duty. He founded his concept on the dogma of the speech originating from the Word, as John the Evangelist wrote: “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.” The man received the Word as a gft from God. The author divides grammar into three sections: phonetics and phonology, the science of the word and clause, and spelling. He adopted parallelism of parts of speech and clause as one of the rules organising the grammatical description. The book evoked an intense reaction of his contemporaries.Keywords: grammar books – Polish language – 19th century – terminology
1857年发表了一项名为《波兰语法大纲》的研究。这本语法书的作者Antoni Morzycki在教育方面不是一位语文学家,他写这本书是出于公民责任感。正如福音派约翰所写的那样,他将自己的概念建立在源自话语的言论教条之上:“最初是话语,话语与上帝同在,话语就是上帝。”这个人从上帝那里得到了话语。作者将语法分为三个部分:语音和音韵学,单词和从句的科学,以及拼写。他采用词性和从句的平行性作为组织语法描述的规则之一。这本书引起了同时代人的强烈反响。关键词:语法书-波兰语-19世纪-术语
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引用次数: 0
Pragmatyczne uwarunkowania zmian w komunikacji reklamowej na podstawie wybranych przykładów 从实例看广告传播变化的语用条件
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.33896/porj.2023.3.2
Anna Ryłko-Kurpiewska
This article presents an array of changes undergone by advertising communication over years under the influence of the knowledge of the structure of persuasive messages, attentional mechanisms, and learning theory. What turned out to be characteristic was that the devices applied in messages point to the constituƟ on of a certain grammar of persuasion subordinated to impression-based rules of reception, which is related to the use of signs that are perceptible for the recipient and oriented towards the intended reconstruction of a message. The conclusions presented in the text arise from the comparative analysis of 278 TV commercials broadcast in Public Television in 2007 and 2022. The collected material is presented against analyses of selected press advertisements of the 1930s. The sampling was purposeful and resulted from an attempt to analyse the phenomenon and its specific nature. The research method was an analysis of the persuasive potential of a message for the purpose of assessing the effectiveness of its impact on the recipient. The research tools employed were open networking systems and IT tools enabling textual data analysis.Keywords: advertising – communication – persuasive potential – recipient engagement – advertising memory
本文介绍了多年来在说服性信息结构、注意机制和学习理论的影响下,广告传播所经历的一系列变化。其特点是,信息中使用的设备指向constituƟ某种说服语法的基础,该语法服从于基于印象的接受规则,这与接受者可感知的符号的使用有关,并以信息的预期重建为导向。本文的结论来自于对2007年和2022年公共电视台播出的278条电视广告的对比分析。所收集的材料是根据对20世纪30年代选定的新闻广告的分析提出的。抽样是有目的的,是为了分析这种现象及其具体性质。研究方法是分析信息的说服力潜力,以评估其对接收者的影响的有效性。使用的研究工具是开放的网络系统和IT工具,可以进行文本数据分析。关键词:广告-传播-说服潜力-受众参与-广告记忆
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引用次数: 0
Z historii komunikacji społecznej. Funkcje sygnalizacyjne dzwonu, trąby i bębna w świetle leksyki dawnej polszczyzny 来自社会交往史。从旧波兰的词汇学看钟、小号和鼓的信号功能
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.33896/porj.2023.3.3
A. Janowska
This ar ticle is dedicated to sound signalling in the history as one of the ways of non-verbal communication of a community. Due to the extensiveness of the subject matter, the author significantly narrowed down the analysis. She based her description on word formation issues rather than phraseological units, metaphorisations. She endeavoured to demonstrate that the point of view is also important in descriptions of phenomena bordering on language and culture. Her interests include word-formation nests of three instrument names: a bell, a trumpet, and a drum. The analysis concentrated on three fundamental functions of the enumerated instruments, functions displayed by word-formation devices: announcing, publicising information; summoning, gathering, calling people; excluding from the community.The material was collected from old and historical dictionaries, their corpora and fi les.Keywords: word-formation – social communication – sound signalling – history of language – historical lexis.
这篇文章致力于声音信号在历史上作为一个社区的非语言交流方式之一。由于主题的广泛性,作者大大缩小了分析范围。她的描述基于构词法问题,而不是措辞单位或隐喻。她努力证明,在描述语言和文化的现象时,观点也很重要。她的兴趣包括三种乐器名称的构词巢:钟、小号和鼓。分析了所列举的构词器的三个基本功能,即构词器所表现出的功能:宣布、公布信息;召唤,聚集,召唤人;排除在社区之外。这些材料是从古老的和历史的词典、它们的语料库和文件中收集的。关键词:构词法-社会交际-声音信号-语言史-历史词汇。
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引用次数: 0
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