Na4MnAl(PO4)3 is attractive for sodium-ion batteries due to abundant resources, low cost, and high theoretical energy density, but its low electronic conductivity, sluggish Na+ transport, and poor rate capability limit performance. Here, an in-situ N-doped carbon coating, formed by pyrolyzing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in a PVP-assisted sol–gel process, is applied to Na4MnAl(PO4)3 to enhance electronic conductivity and hence sodium storage. The optimal N-doped carbon coated Na4MnAl(PO4)3, 5% PVP–NMAP/C, shows higher capacity, better rate capability and cyclability than the pristine carbon-coated Na4MnAl(PO4)3. These results indicate that N-doped carbon coatings effectively boost the electrochemical performance of phosphate-based cathodes with low intrinsic electronic conductivity.
{"title":"High sodium storage performance of carbon coated Na4MnAl(PO4)3 cathode material prepared by PVP-assisted sol-gel method","authors":"Honghai Zhang, Jiaxin Ou, Wenqing Xu, Ye Sun, Yuchao He, Zongyi Wen, Yachun Lu, Jianwen Yang, Quanqi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Na<sub>4</sub>MnAl(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> is attractive for sodium-ion batteries due to abundant resources, low cost, and high theoretical energy density, but its low electronic conductivity, sluggish Na<sup>+</sup> transport, and poor rate capability limit performance. Here, an in-situ N-doped carbon coating, formed by pyrolyzing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in a PVP-assisted sol–gel process, is applied to Na<sub>4</sub>MnAl(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> to enhance electronic conductivity and hence sodium storage. The optimal N-doped carbon coated Na<sub>4</sub>MnAl(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, 5% PVP–NMAP/C, shows higher capacity, better rate capability and cyclability than the pristine carbon-coated Na<sub>4</sub>MnAl(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>. These results indicate that N-doped carbon coatings effectively boost the electrochemical performance of phosphate-based cathodes with low intrinsic electronic conductivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"408 ","pages":"Article 140132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140150
U. Arellano , L.F. Chen , D. Angeles-Beltrán , S.P. Paredes-Carrera , J. Salmones , A. Manzo-Robledo , J.A. Wang
Novel hybrid biomaterials of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) immobilized on TiO2 doped with Fe ions were synthesized. Fe doping led to the bandgap value of TiO2 decreasing from 3.2 to 1.8 eV. In phenol degradation under visible light irradiation, approximately 100% phenol elimination was achieved under the optimal reaction condition (HRP/10 wt% Fe-TiO2, 30 °C, pH 7, H2O2 addition by three times). HRP/Fe-TiO2 exhibited multifunctional roles characterized by enzymatic activity resulting from HRP, photo-Fenton effect from Fe3+/Fe2+ couples, and photocatalytic activity from TiO2, making it very attractive in organic contaminants degradation.
{"title":"Synthesis of multifunctional hybrid bio-inorganic materials of horseradish peroxidase immobilized on Fe-TiO2 for phenol degradation","authors":"U. Arellano , L.F. Chen , D. Angeles-Beltrán , S.P. Paredes-Carrera , J. Salmones , A. Manzo-Robledo , J.A. Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Novel hybrid biomaterials of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) immobilized on TiO<sub>2</sub> doped with Fe ions were synthesized. Fe doping led to the bandgap value of TiO<sub>2</sub> decreasing from 3.2 to 1.8 eV. In phenol degradation under visible light irradiation, approximately 100% phenol elimination was achieved under the optimal reaction condition (HRP/10 wt% Fe-TiO<sub>2</sub>, 30 °C, pH 7, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> addition by three times). HRP/Fe-TiO<sub>2</sub> exhibited multifunctional roles characterized by enzymatic activity resulting from HRP, photo-Fenton effect from Fe<sup>3+</sup>/Fe<sup>2+</sup> couples, and photocatalytic activity from TiO<sub>2</sub>, making it very attractive in organic contaminants degradation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"408 ","pages":"Article 140150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140148
Maël Ferrand , Yves Barré , Roua Benrhouma , Guillaume Munier--Gondiant , Thomas David , Maxime Duchateau , Alban Gossard , Agnès Grandjean
This study presents a method to shape Li/Al layered double hydroxides (Li/Al LDHs) adsorbent in a mesoporous potassium-based geopolymer binder, for the selective extraction of lithium in a fixed-bed process. After synthesis, the Li/Al LDHs powder is well dispersed into the binder, favorable for lithium adsorption kinetics. Batch and column extraction experiments in a brine with high magnesium content demonstrate effective lithium extraction with high selectivity. The geopolymer matrix traps Mg2+ via cation exchange with K+ improving lithium purity in the eluate. Overall, this composite is a promising material for scalable and selective direct lithium extraction from saline effluents.
{"title":"Shaping layered double hydroxides in geopolymer for selective lithium extraction in fixed-bed process","authors":"Maël Ferrand , Yves Barré , Roua Benrhouma , Guillaume Munier--Gondiant , Thomas David , Maxime Duchateau , Alban Gossard , Agnès Grandjean","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a method to shape Li/Al layered double hydroxides (Li/Al LDHs) adsorbent in a mesoporous potassium-based geopolymer binder, for the selective extraction of lithium in a fixed-bed process. After synthesis, the Li/Al LDHs powder is well dispersed into the binder, favorable for lithium adsorption kinetics. Batch and column extraction experiments in a brine with high magnesium content demonstrate effective lithium extraction with high selectivity. The geopolymer matrix traps Mg<sup>2+</sup> via cation exchange with K<sup>+</sup> improving lithium purity in the eluate. Overall, this composite is a promising material for scalable and selective direct lithium extraction from saline effluents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"408 ","pages":"Article 140148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Composite adsorptive fibers were fabricated by incorporating mordenite, zeolite A3, zeolite A4, and activated alumina into a polyethersulfone (PES) matrix using phase inversion. A 30 wt% PES solution in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was loaded with 60 wt% inorganic fillers relative to PES. The resulting porous fibers exhibited enhanced surface area (up to 39.46 m2/g) and strong ion-selective adsorption toward cobalt and tungsten ions. Batch tests showed that zeolite A3 and A4 achieved the highest cobalt removal at a dosage of 5 g, while activated alumina exhibited maximum tungsten uptake at 15 g (50 mL wastewater, pH 8, 25 °C). Continuous-flow column tests using a 30-cm packed bed confirmed consistent selectivity, with zeolite A3 and A4 removing up to 96–97% of cobalt and activated alumina removing 63% of tungsten after 180 h. These results demonstrate that PES composite fibers offer a robust and scalable platform for selective heavy-metal separation from real industrial wastewater.
将丝光沸石、沸石A3、沸石A4和活性氧化铝加入聚醚砜（PES）基体中，采用相转化法制备了复合吸附纤维。在n -甲基-2-吡咯烷酮（NMP）中加入60 wt%无机填料。所得到的多孔纤维表现出增强的表面积（高达39.46 m2/g）和对钴和钨离子的强离子选择性吸附。批量试验表明，沸石A3和A4在投加量为5 g时钴去除率最高，而活性氧化铝在投加量为15 g （50 mL废水，pH为8,25°C）时钨吸收率最高。使用30厘米填充床的连续流柱测试证实了一致的选择性，沸石A3和A4在180小时后去除高达96-97%的钴，活性氧化铝去除63%的钨。这些结果表明，PES复合纤维为从实际工业废水中选择性分离重金属提供了一个强大且可扩展的平台。
{"title":"Selective cobalt and tungsten removal from industrial polishing wastewater using zeolite- and alumina-based polyethersulfone composite fibers","authors":"Yuanbing Zhou , Zhiqing Zhou , Shuangquan Liao , Sujitra Onutai","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Composite adsorptive fibers were fabricated by incorporating mordenite, zeolite A3, zeolite A4, and activated alumina into a polyethersulfone (PES) matrix using phase inversion. A 30 wt% PES solution in <em>N</em>-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was loaded with 60 wt% inorganic fillers relative to PES. The resulting porous fibers exhibited enhanced surface area (up to 39.46 m<sup>2</sup>/g) and strong ion-selective adsorption toward cobalt and tungsten ions. Batch tests showed that zeolite A3 and A4 achieved the highest cobalt removal at a dosage of 5 g, while activated alumina exhibited maximum tungsten uptake at 15 g (50 mL wastewater, pH 8, 25 °C). Continuous-flow column tests using a 30-cm packed bed confirmed consistent selectivity, with zeolite A3 and A4 removing up to 96–97% of cobalt and activated alumina removing 63% of tungsten after 180 h. These results demonstrate that PES composite fibers offer a robust and scalable platform for selective heavy-metal separation from real industrial wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"408 ","pages":"Article 140147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A novel thermo/pH dual-responsive injectable hydrogel (CS-PNI-Van) based on chitosan, N-isopropylacrylamide, and vanillin was developed to preserve the integrity of mare's milk-derived peptides (MNDT) during delivery. The system was characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, XRD, SEM, and rheological measurements. MNDT was encapsulated to form a drug-loaded hydrogel (CS-PNI-Van@MNDT), and its release profile, biocompatibility, and biological activity were evaluated. The hydrogel exhibited a reversible sol-gel transition at 32.5 °C and sustained MNDT release for 120 h at pH 5.0, with a cumulative release of 80.49% ± 1.00%. It demonstrates excellent biocompatibility, maintaining L929 cell viability above 90%. Furthermore, CS-PNI-Van@MNDT enhanced the bioactivity of MNDT against A549 cells, supporting its feasibility for the local delivery of small-molecule peptides.
{"title":"Chitosan-based thermo/pH dual-responsive injectable hydrogels loaded with mare's milk-derived peptides: Preparation, characterization, and anti-lung Cancer activity","authors":"Nayilan Zainidin , Chao Yin , Zhiwei Xu , Rui Zhang , Naizire Paerhati , Gulibahar Kawul , Xueshan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel thermo/pH dual-responsive injectable hydrogel (CS-PNI-Van) based on chitosan, N-isopropylacrylamide, and vanillin was developed to preserve the integrity of mare's milk-derived peptides (MNDT) during delivery. The system was characterized by FT-IR, <sup>1</sup>H NMR, XRD, SEM, and rheological measurements. MNDT was encapsulated to form a drug-loaded hydrogel (CS-PNI-Van@MNDT), and its release profile, biocompatibility, and biological activity were evaluated. The hydrogel exhibited a reversible sol-gel transition at 32.5 °C and sustained MNDT release for 120 h at pH 5.0, with a cumulative release of 80.49% ± 1.00%. It demonstrates excellent biocompatibility, maintaining L929 cell viability above 90%. Furthermore, CS-PNI-Van@MNDT enhanced the bioactivity of MNDT against A549 cells, supporting its feasibility for the local delivery of small-molecule peptides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"408 ","pages":"Article 140130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A combined electrospinning-solvothermal method was employed to fabricate BiOBr/BiFeO₃ nanofibers (BOB/BFO NFs) heterojunction. The composite exhibited significantly enhanced photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (Rh B) under visible light irradiation compared to individual BFO NFs and BOB. This enhancement is attributed to the effective separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs at the heterojunction interface. The BOB/BFO NFs also demonstrated excellent magnetic separability due to the ferromagnetic properties of the BFO NFs, enabling facile recovery and reuse. Radical trapping experiments confirmed that •OH and h+ are the primary active species in the photocatalytic process. This work presents a promising strategy for designing efficient, magnetically separable, and stable photocatalysts for environmental remediation.
{"title":"Magnetic BiOBr/BiFeO₃ heterojunction nanofibers with enhanced photocatalytic activity","authors":"Rui Xia , Xiangsheng Dan , Qimin Chen , Lili Zhang , Renqing Guo , Yong Wang , Ngie Hing Wong , Jaka Sunarso , Xiao Dong , Fuqiang Guo , Xinyuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A combined electrospinning-solvothermal method was employed to fabricate BiOBr/BiFeO₃ nanofibers (BOB/BFO NFs) heterojunction. The composite exhibited significantly enhanced photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (Rh B) under visible light irradiation compared to individual BFO NFs and BOB. This enhancement is attributed to the effective separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs at the heterojunction interface. The BOB/BFO NFs also demonstrated excellent magnetic separability due to the ferromagnetic properties of the BFO NFs, enabling facile recovery and reuse. Radical trapping experiments confirmed that •OH and h<sup>+</sup> are the primary active species in the photocatalytic process. This work presents a promising strategy for designing efficient, magnetically separable, and stable photocatalysts for environmental remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"408 ","pages":"Article 140149"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nickel-rich layered-type cathode materials are promising ones due to their high energy density and capacity. To overcome the structural instability of these materials during extended cycling, Al3+ ions were introduced during the precursor synthesis to achieve a stable and uniform elemental distribution in the final active material. The obtained material LiNi0.86Co0.08Mn0.05Al0.009O2 demonstrated remarkable performance (205 and 151 mA∙h∙g−1 at 0.1C and 2C) and excellent cyclic stability, retaining 83% of its initial capacity after 100 cycles at 1C. The enhanced performance is associated with the effective enhancement of lithium-ion intercalation/deintercalation kinetics, facilitated by the expansion of interlayer distances induced by Al3+ doping. Thus, precursor doping is simple and effective route to enhance the functional properties of the cathode materials.
{"title":"Al3+ doping during coprecipitation as effective route for improving the electrochemical performance of Ni-rich layered-type cathodes","authors":"M.A. Kamenskii , I.N. Kosykh , A.A. Korzhakov , V.V. Pakalnis , L.V. Mashyanova","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nickel-rich layered-type cathode materials are promising ones due to their high energy density and capacity. To overcome the structural instability of these materials during extended cycling, Al<sup>3+</sup> ions were introduced during the precursor synthesis to achieve a stable and uniform elemental distribution in the final active material. The obtained material LiNi<sub>0.86</sub>Co<sub>0.08</sub>Mn<sub>0.05</sub>Al<sub>0.009</sub>O<sub>2</sub> demonstrated remarkable performance (205 and 151 mA∙h∙g<sup>−1</sup> at 0.1C and 2C) and excellent cyclic stability, retaining 83% of its initial capacity after 100 cycles at 1C. The enhanced performance is associated with the effective enhancement of lithium-ion intercalation/deintercalation kinetics, facilitated by the expansion of interlayer distances induced by Al<sup>3+</sup> doping. Thus, precursor doping is simple and effective route to enhance the functional properties of the cathode materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"408 ","pages":"Article 140136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140135
Jian Liu , Shuo Zhang , Feiyue Hu , Zhouquan Wang , Longzhu Cai , Peigen Zhang , ZhengMing Sun
Impedance mismatch and single-mode attenuation often constrain the performance of microwave absorbers. Here, controlled Zn volatilization during thermal treatment of carbon nanofibers (CNF) composites induces a transition from Ni3ZnC0.7@CNF to Ni@CNF, concurrently generating dense heterointerfaces. At the optimal state (NZC-600), two-dimensional Ni3ZnC0.7 coupled with one-dimensional CNF to construct a three-dimensional multiscale network. This architecture integrates moderate permittivity, weak ferromagnetism, and heterointerface abundance, enabling complementary attenuation pathways with excellent impedance matching. Consequently, the composite achieves a minimum reflection loss of −59.9 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 8.68 GHz. These results significantly expand the application potential of Group VIII transition metal carbides in microwave absorption.
{"title":"Zn-volatilization-driven phase evolution to Ni3ZnC0.7@CNF multiscale heterostructures for ultrawideband and strong microwave absorption","authors":"Jian Liu , Shuo Zhang , Feiyue Hu , Zhouquan Wang , Longzhu Cai , Peigen Zhang , ZhengMing Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Impedance mismatch and single-mode attenuation often constrain the performance of microwave absorbers. Here, controlled Zn volatilization during thermal treatment of carbon nanofibers (CNF) composites induces a transition from Ni<sub>3</sub>ZnC<sub>0.7</sub>@CNF to Ni@CNF, concurrently generating dense heterointerfaces. At the optimal state (NZC-600), two-dimensional Ni<sub>3</sub>ZnC<sub>0.7</sub> coupled with one-dimensional CNF to construct a three-dimensional multiscale network. This architecture integrates moderate permittivity, weak ferromagnetism, and heterointerface abundance, enabling complementary attenuation pathways with excellent impedance matching. Consequently, the composite achieves a minimum reflection loss of −59.9 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 8.68 GHz. These results significantly expand the application potential of Group VIII transition metal carbides in microwave absorption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"408 ","pages":"Article 140135"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140134
Yu Wang, Zhiqun Xu, Bo Hou
This work presents an integrated laboratory module for junior college student chemistry education that distinctively combines the synthesis, optical characterization, and device application of lead-free cesium copper halide perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs). Designed as a coherent 4-h session, the module enables students to perform room-temperature colloidal synthesis and investigate the composition-tunable photoluminescence (PL) of the NCs, which spans from blue to orange (451–551 nm) with a representative PLQYs of 56% for Cs3Cu2Cl5. By directly correlating experimental results, including absorption/emission spectra, large Stokes shifts (about 210 nm), and wide FWHM (74–93 nm), the module reinforces fundamental spectroscopic concepts while introducing hotspot such as perovskite crystal structures. The learning cycle is completed by fabricating a white LED, providing a direct link from nanomaterial synthesis to a modern optoelectronic application. This novel approach emphasizing safer, lead-free perovskites, effectively bridges theoretical concepts with contemporary nanomaterials research, significantly enhancing student engagement and conceptual understanding.
{"title":"A new approach to attract students in fluorescence spectroscopy: From synthesis to application for cu-based perovskite experiment","authors":"Yu Wang, Zhiqun Xu, Bo Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents an integrated laboratory module for junior college student chemistry education that distinctively combines the synthesis, optical characterization, and device application of lead-free cesium copper halide perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs). Designed as a coherent 4-h session, the module enables students to perform room-temperature colloidal synthesis and investigate the composition-tunable photoluminescence (PL) of the NCs, which spans from blue to orange (451–551 nm) with a representative PLQYs of 56% for Cs<sub>3</sub>Cu<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>5</sub>. By directly correlating experimental results, including absorption/emission spectra, large Stokes shifts (about 210 nm), and wide FWHM (74–93 nm), the module reinforces fundamental spectroscopic concepts while introducing hotspot such as perovskite crystal structures. The learning cycle is completed by fabricating a white LED, providing a direct link from nanomaterial synthesis to a modern optoelectronic application. This novel approach emphasizing safer, lead-free perovskites, effectively bridges theoretical concepts with contemporary nanomaterials research, significantly enhancing student engagement and conceptual understanding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"408 ","pages":"Article 140134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140145
Shoichi Kikuchi , Shinnosuke Baba , Ryosuke Kubo , Mie Ota Kawabata , Hiroshi Fujiwara , Kei Ameyama
A harmonic structure (HS), which is defined as a coarse-grained morphology surrounded by a network of fine grains, can improve both the strength and ductility of various metals, including high-entropy alloys. The present study investigated the influence of a HS, which was fabricated by spark plasma sintering, on near-threshold fatigue crack propagation in a high-entropy CrMnFeCoNi alloy. Stress intensity factor (K) decreasing tests were conducted with a force ratio of 0.1 at room temperature in air. The threshold stress intensity factor range (ΔKth) for the HS material was slightly higher than those for its homogeneous counterparts. Microstructures near the crack profiles were analyzed using electron backscatter diffraction to elucidate the mechanism of fatigue crack propagation in the HS material. A fatigue crack was arrested within the coarse-grained region of the HS. Thus, the ΔKth for CrMnFeCoNi alloys with a HS was governed by the coarse-grained structure and can be quantitatively predicted based on the coarse grain size in the HS. Consequently, the results indicate that a HS enhances both strength and ductility without reducing the ΔKth for CrMnFeCoNi alloys.
{"title":"Near-threshold fatigue crack propagation in a high-entropy CrMnFeCoNi alloy featuring a bimodal harmonic structure","authors":"Shoichi Kikuchi , Shinnosuke Baba , Ryosuke Kubo , Mie Ota Kawabata , Hiroshi Fujiwara , Kei Ameyama","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2026.140145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A harmonic structure (HS), which is defined as a coarse-grained morphology surrounded by a network of fine grains, can improve both the strength and ductility of various metals, including high-entropy alloys. The present study investigated the influence of a HS, which was fabricated by spark plasma sintering, on near-threshold fatigue crack propagation in a high-entropy CrMnFeCoNi alloy. Stress intensity factor (<em>K</em>) decreasing tests were conducted with a force ratio of 0.1 at room temperature in air. The threshold stress intensity factor range (Δ<em>K</em><sub>th</sub>) for the HS material was slightly higher than those for its homogeneous counterparts. Microstructures near the crack profiles were analyzed using electron backscatter diffraction to elucidate the mechanism of fatigue crack propagation in the HS material. A fatigue crack was arrested within the coarse-grained region of the HS. Thus, the Δ<em>K</em><sub>th</sub> for CrMnFeCoNi alloys with a HS was governed by the coarse-grained structure and can be quantitatively predicted based on the coarse grain size in the HS. Consequently, the results indicate that a HS enhances both strength and ductility without reducing the Δ<em>K</em><sub>th</sub> for CrMnFeCoNi alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"408 ","pages":"Article 140145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号