Garima Vats, A. DCunha, Sandeep B. Rai, U. Raghuraj
Abstract Though they are commonly known as “universal tumors,” lipomas are rarely found in the vulva. In this report, we discuss the case of a 15-year-old girl who presented with an enormous (26.5 × 21.5 × 6.5 cm) left labial swelling that had been progressively enlarging for a year and had led to extensive distortion of the vulvar anatomy. Following imaging, surgical excision with vulvar reconstruction was performed focusing on esthesis and function. Pathological examination confirmed the clinical and radiological diagnosis of a lipoma. The patient is doing clinically well at 1 year of follow-up with significant improvement in her academic performance and self-esteem.
{"title":"An Account of a Giant Adolescent Vulvar Lipoma","authors":"Garima Vats, A. DCunha, Sandeep B. Rai, U. Raghuraj","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772822","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Though they are commonly known as “universal tumors,” lipomas are rarely found in the vulva. In this report, we discuss the case of a 15-year-old girl who presented with an enormous (26.5 × 21.5 × 6.5 cm) left labial swelling that had been progressively enlarging for a year and had led to extensive distortion of the vulvar anatomy. Following imaging, surgical excision with vulvar reconstruction was performed focusing on esthesis and function. Pathological examination confirmed the clinical and radiological diagnosis of a lipoma. The patient is doing clinically well at 1 year of follow-up with significant improvement in her academic performance and self-esteem.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42160149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Objectives Antibiotic resistance can arise as a mutation to adapt to stress or be mediated by horizontal gene transfer. This study aimed at identifying the resistance determinants present in the mobile genetic elements of prophages and plasmids within multidrug-resistant (MDR) extraintestinal Escherichia coli . Materials and Methods Thirty-five anonymized MDR E. coli isolates of nonintestinal infections were confirmed for their antimicrobial resistance to six categories of antimicrobials by the disk diffusion test. Genes coding for beta-lactamases and carbapenemases in bacterial genome, plasmid, and prophage fractions were separately determined by polymerase chain reaction. Transducing ability of prophages carrying resistance genes was determined. Results Twenty-six isolates were positive for the gene bla CTX-M , nine for bla TEM , one each for bla KPC and bla VIM , thirteen for bla NDM, and seven for bla OXA . A majority of these isolates carried these determinants in plasmids and prophage fractions. Twenty-one percent of the prophage fractions (4 of 19) were able to successfully transfer resistance to sensitive isolates. Conclusions This study indicates bla CTX-M , bla TEM, and bla NDM genes that are reported most frequently in MDR isolates are more frequent in the plasmid and prophage fractions thus supporting for increased mobility.
{"title":"Prophage and Plasmid-Mediated Beta-Lactamases in Multidrug-Resistant Extraintestinal Escherichia coli","authors":"J. Raj, Akshatha Dinesh, R. Vittal, A. Rohit","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772707","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives Antibiotic resistance can arise as a mutation to adapt to stress or be mediated by horizontal gene transfer. This study aimed at identifying the resistance determinants present in the mobile genetic elements of prophages and plasmids within multidrug-resistant (MDR) extraintestinal Escherichia coli . Materials and Methods Thirty-five anonymized MDR E. coli isolates of nonintestinal infections were confirmed for their antimicrobial resistance to six categories of antimicrobials by the disk diffusion test. Genes coding for beta-lactamases and carbapenemases in bacterial genome, plasmid, and prophage fractions were separately determined by polymerase chain reaction. Transducing ability of prophages carrying resistance genes was determined. Results Twenty-six isolates were positive for the gene bla CTX-M , nine for bla TEM , one each for bla KPC and bla VIM , thirteen for bla NDM, and seven for bla OXA . A majority of these isolates carried these determinants in plasmids and prophage fractions. Twenty-one percent of the prophage fractions (4 of 19) were able to successfully transfer resistance to sensitive isolates. Conclusions This study indicates bla CTX-M , bla TEM, and bla NDM genes that are reported most frequently in MDR isolates are more frequent in the plasmid and prophage fractions thus supporting for increased mobility.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44859108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mansi Patel, Divit Shah, Sujal G Patel, S. Acharya, S. Sushanth Kumar, S. Shukla
Abstract Hypereosinophilic syndrome is a myeloproliferative disorder that is distinguished with the presence of eosinophilia, which is an absolute eosinophil level of more than 1500/µL for no less than 6 months, no recognized cause for eosinophilia, and clear organ involvement characteristics. But, in some cases where patients require therapy to decrease eosinophil counts due to severe symptoms, a lower time period of hypereosinophilic is also admissible. In this case series, we have included three cases in which first case presented with the features of diarrhea, nausea, and decreased appetite who underwent colonoscopy and was diagnosed as a case of eosinophilic colitis. The second patient was a female came with abdominal pain and burning micturition, who was having eosinophilia on blood count examination and was diagnosed as a case of eosinophilic cystitis. Third case was young female who was diagnosed as eosinophilic endocarditis on two-dimensional echocardiography having dyspnea and rash and high eosinophil count on blood smear. All the three patients were started on steroids, who recovered well with medication and were discharged for follow-up after 7 days with complete blood count.
{"title":"Hypereosinophilia Syndrome: Myriad Presentation—A Case Report","authors":"Mansi Patel, Divit Shah, Sujal G Patel, S. Acharya, S. Sushanth Kumar, S. Shukla","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772743","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hypereosinophilic syndrome is a myeloproliferative disorder that is distinguished with the presence of eosinophilia, which is an absolute eosinophil level of more than 1500/µL for no less than 6 months, no recognized cause for eosinophilia, and clear organ involvement characteristics. But, in some cases where patients require therapy to decrease eosinophil counts due to severe symptoms, a lower time period of hypereosinophilic is also admissible. In this case series, we have included three cases in which first case presented with the features of diarrhea, nausea, and decreased appetite who underwent colonoscopy and was diagnosed as a case of eosinophilic colitis. The second patient was a female came with abdominal pain and burning micturition, who was having eosinophilia on blood count examination and was diagnosed as a case of eosinophilic cystitis. Third case was young female who was diagnosed as eosinophilic endocarditis on two-dimensional echocardiography having dyspnea and rash and high eosinophil count on blood smear. All the three patients were started on steroids, who recovered well with medication and were discharged for follow-up after 7 days with complete blood count.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49617978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rafdan Affan Ahmada, Deananda Setio Ramadhanti, M. Surboyo, A. Parmadiati, D. Ernawati, F. Mahdani, N. Ayuningtyas
Abstract Background Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are a group of oral lesions or conditions with a higher risk of malignant transformation. OPMD affects 4.47% of people worldwide, with predilection in males. The high tendency of frequent tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption may lead the male motorcycle community to have a higher risk for developing OPMD and malignant transformation. Objectives This article determines the level of knowledge about OPMD within a male motorcycle community. Methods This study uses a survey research design that is a questionnaire-based and descriptive study. Data were obtained using a Google Form, and IBM SPSS was used for analysis. Simple random sampling is the sampling method applied. The total knowledge score is divided into three levels, low (0–4), moderate (5–9), and high (10–15). Results The questionnaire was finished by 60 people entirely. All respondents (100%) were men, and the majority (83.00%) was aged between 20 and 21. A total of 26 respondents (43.30%) had moderate knowledge levels, followed by 21 with high knowledge levels (35.0%), and 13 with low knowledge levels (21.70%). Conclusion The majority of the male motorcycle community (43.30%) has a moderate knowledge level regarding OPMD. This study indicates the need for educational measures to improve awareness regarding OPMD in a high-risk community.
{"title":"Analysis on the Knowledge about Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders of a Male Motorcycle Community in Indonesia","authors":"Rafdan Affan Ahmada, Deananda Setio Ramadhanti, M. Surboyo, A. Parmadiati, D. Ernawati, F. Mahdani, N. Ayuningtyas","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772681","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are a group of oral lesions or conditions with a higher risk of malignant transformation. OPMD affects 4.47% of people worldwide, with predilection in males. The high tendency of frequent tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption may lead the male motorcycle community to have a higher risk for developing OPMD and malignant transformation. Objectives This article determines the level of knowledge about OPMD within a male motorcycle community. Methods This study uses a survey research design that is a questionnaire-based and descriptive study. Data were obtained using a Google Form, and IBM SPSS was used for analysis. Simple random sampling is the sampling method applied. The total knowledge score is divided into three levels, low (0–4), moderate (5–9), and high (10–15). Results The questionnaire was finished by 60 people entirely. All respondents (100%) were men, and the majority (83.00%) was aged between 20 and 21. A total of 26 respondents (43.30%) had moderate knowledge levels, followed by 21 with high knowledge levels (35.0%), and 13 with low knowledge levels (21.70%). Conclusion The majority of the male motorcycle community (43.30%) has a moderate knowledge level regarding OPMD. This study indicates the need for educational measures to improve awareness regarding OPMD in a high-risk community.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44258768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Introduction One of the most important aspects of happiness is one's health. Increased industrialization in developing nations has contributed to a change in disease patterns away from infectious illness as the major cause of morbidity and mortality toward chronic diseases such as heart disease and trauma. Most emergency circumstances need immediate medical attention before a person is taken to the hospital; therefore, public awareness and training programs can aid in providing efficient basic life support care and services. Only a few works of literature on basic life support and prehospital emergency care in an Indian context are available and are usually studied among school teachers. However, no comparable research including allied health experts such as speech and hearing professionals has yet been published in the literature. Aim The present study aimed at exploring the awareness of speech and hearing professionals regarding basic life support in an Indian context. Methods The questionnaire consisted of two sections where section A comprised 6 questions related to demographic details and participant's experience, and section B composed of 17 questions related to knowledge of normal bodily physiology, medical emergencies, and first aid and related aspects. A cross-sectional exploratory study design was conducted on 250 participants. Out of 250 responses, 42 of them were incomplete and so were removed from the study. Therefore, a total of 208 complete responses received from the participants in the age range of 22 to 60 years from across 23 states and 1 union territory of India were included in the study. Results The result revealed a low percentage of speech and hearing professionals with an adequate understanding of basic life support. The majority of them were found to have insufficient knowledge of normal bodily physiology, medical emergencies, and first aid and related aspects. Discussion Being the first of its kind, the present study revealed limited awareness about basic life support among professionals, and therefore, the need to improvise the knowledge of basic life support and prehospital emergency care. This may be achieved by introducing training programs of various natures and dimensions to speech and hearing professionals.
{"title":"Awareness of Basic Life Support among Speech and Hearing Professionals","authors":"A. Suman, A. Neupane, Arpita Singha Chowdhury","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772199","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction One of the most important aspects of happiness is one's health. Increased industrialization in developing nations has contributed to a change in disease patterns away from infectious illness as the major cause of morbidity and mortality toward chronic diseases such as heart disease and trauma. Most emergency circumstances need immediate medical attention before a person is taken to the hospital; therefore, public awareness and training programs can aid in providing efficient basic life support care and services. Only a few works of literature on basic life support and prehospital emergency care in an Indian context are available and are usually studied among school teachers. However, no comparable research including allied health experts such as speech and hearing professionals has yet been published in the literature. Aim The present study aimed at exploring the awareness of speech and hearing professionals regarding basic life support in an Indian context. Methods The questionnaire consisted of two sections where section A comprised 6 questions related to demographic details and participant's experience, and section B composed of 17 questions related to knowledge of normal bodily physiology, medical emergencies, and first aid and related aspects. A cross-sectional exploratory study design was conducted on 250 participants. Out of 250 responses, 42 of them were incomplete and so were removed from the study. Therefore, a total of 208 complete responses received from the participants in the age range of 22 to 60 years from across 23 states and 1 union territory of India were included in the study. Results The result revealed a low percentage of speech and hearing professionals with an adequate understanding of basic life support. The majority of them were found to have insufficient knowledge of normal bodily physiology, medical emergencies, and first aid and related aspects. Discussion Being the first of its kind, the present study revealed limited awareness about basic life support among professionals, and therefore, the need to improvise the knowledge of basic life support and prehospital emergency care. This may be achieved by introducing training programs of various natures and dimensions to speech and hearing professionals.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47546138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background The most common surgical approach in neurosurgery to diagnose and treat tumors and aneurysms is the transylvian-pterional approach. The classification of Sylvian fissure (SF) was proposed based on pure anatomical observations by Yasargil. The SF is the most identifiable feature of the superolateral brain surface, which divides the parietal and frontal lobes from the temporal lobe which lies below. Aim The aim was to identify the anatomical variations in SF (bilaterally) in the normal population and to identify its morphological asymmetry. Setting and Design This was a retrospective, observational descriptive record-based study which was done to identify the anatomical variations and morphological asymmetry in SF (bilaterally) in the normal healthy population using a 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. Materials and Methods The SF was classified into five types. The categorization of the SF was done by MRI, either using T1-weighted images in three planes. Statistical Analysis Percentage and frequency using SPSS 23.0. Results In this study, we found that type 4 was most common in the general population of 100 patients. We found type 1 was most common in age groups above 50 up to 60 years of age. Types 2 and 4 SF were found in all age groups. Bilateral presentation of the SF can be considered as symmetric in 85% of the general population and asymmetric in 15% of the population considered in this study. Conclusion Classification of the SF types on MRI was shown to be reliable and practicable. Sound knowledge of SF anatomy before neurosurgery can help reduce procedure-related morbidity, ischemic lesions, or edema.
{"title":"Analysis of the Anatomical Variations in Sylvian Fissure Using MRI","authors":"Kevin N. Aranha, Mahesh Mijar, Malathi Bhat","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772198","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background The most common surgical approach in neurosurgery to diagnose and treat tumors and aneurysms is the transylvian-pterional approach. The classification of Sylvian fissure (SF) was proposed based on pure anatomical observations by Yasargil. The SF is the most identifiable feature of the superolateral brain surface, which divides the parietal and frontal lobes from the temporal lobe which lies below. Aim The aim was to identify the anatomical variations in SF (bilaterally) in the normal population and to identify its morphological asymmetry. Setting and Design This was a retrospective, observational descriptive record-based study which was done to identify the anatomical variations and morphological asymmetry in SF (bilaterally) in the normal healthy population using a 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. Materials and Methods The SF was classified into five types. The categorization of the SF was done by MRI, either using T1-weighted images in three planes. Statistical Analysis Percentage and frequency using SPSS 23.0. Results In this study, we found that type 4 was most common in the general population of 100 patients. We found type 1 was most common in age groups above 50 up to 60 years of age. Types 2 and 4 SF were found in all age groups. Bilateral presentation of the SF can be considered as symmetric in 85% of the general population and asymmetric in 15% of the population considered in this study. Conclusion Classification of the SF types on MRI was shown to be reliable and practicable. Sound knowledge of SF anatomy before neurosurgery can help reduce procedure-related morbidity, ischemic lesions, or edema.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46049605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Introduction This article reviews the literature on the role of genetic markers in the initiation and progression of dental caries and provides a modern understanding of the disease etiology. Dental caries is a complex, chronic, multifactorial disease which is influenced by genetic, environmental, and social factors. Identification of genetic risk factors will help screen and identify susceptible patients to better understand the contribution of genes in caries etiopathogenesis to formulate various diagnostic and novel therapeutic approaches in the management of the disease. Materials and Methods Innovations and ideas were retrieved based on the literature in journals and textbooks indexed in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science database. The theories obtained are then summarized into a continuous series; thus, readers can more easily understand the ideas and innovations offered. Results Through interactions of the involved gene products, genetic markers have been constructed and provide us with insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying caries. There can also be gene–gene interactions or gene–environment interactions that create epigenetic effects that all possibly contribute to caries risk and resistance. A variety of caries markers have been identified, including genes affecting salivary flow rates and composition, tooth formation genes, as well as immune genes. Conclusion Information derived from various diverse studies will provide new tools to target individuals and/or populations for a more efficient and effective implementation of new preventive measures and diagnostic and novel therapeutic approaches in the management of dental caries.
摘要简介 本文综述了遗传标记在龋齿发生和发展中的作用的文献，并提供了对疾病病因的现代理解。龋齿是一种复杂、慢性、多因素的疾病，受遗传、环境和社会因素的影响。遗传风险因素的识别将有助于筛选和识别易感患者，更好地了解基因在龋齿发病中的作用，从而制定各种诊断和新的治疗方法来治疗该疾病。材料和方法 创新和想法是根据PubMed、Google Scholar、Scopus和Web of Science数据库中索引的期刊和教科书中的文献检索的。然后将所获得的理论总结为一个连续的系列；因此，读者可以更容易地理解所提供的思想和创新。结果通过相关基因产物的相互作用，构建了遗传标记，为我们深入了解龋齿的分子机制提供了依据。也可能存在基因-基因相互作用或基因-环境相互作用，产生表观遗传效应，所有这些都可能导致龋齿风险和耐药性。已经鉴定出多种龋齿标志物，包括影响唾液流速和成分的基因、牙齿形成基因以及免疫基因。结论 来自各种不同研究的信息将为针对个人和/或人群提供新的工具，以便在龋齿管理中更有效地实施新的预防措施以及诊断和治疗方法。
{"title":"Role of Genetic Markers in Dental Caries: A Literature Review","authors":"Disha Sharma, S. Bhandary","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1771387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1771387","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction This article reviews the literature on the role of genetic markers in the initiation and progression of dental caries and provides a modern understanding of the disease etiology. Dental caries is a complex, chronic, multifactorial disease which is influenced by genetic, environmental, and social factors. Identification of genetic risk factors will help screen and identify susceptible patients to better understand the contribution of genes in caries etiopathogenesis to formulate various diagnostic and novel therapeutic approaches in the management of the disease. Materials and Methods Innovations and ideas were retrieved based on the literature in journals and textbooks indexed in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science database. The theories obtained are then summarized into a continuous series; thus, readers can more easily understand the ideas and innovations offered. Results Through interactions of the involved gene products, genetic markers have been constructed and provide us with insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying caries. There can also be gene–gene interactions or gene–environment interactions that create epigenetic effects that all possibly contribute to caries risk and resistance. A variety of caries markers have been identified, including genes affecting salivary flow rates and composition, tooth formation genes, as well as immune genes. Conclusion Information derived from various diverse studies will provide new tools to target individuals and/or populations for a more efficient and effective implementation of new preventive measures and diagnostic and novel therapeutic approaches in the management of dental caries.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48495466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic was causing an unfavorable effect on the education and mental health of students. Much information about this virus is available, but its effect on mental health has been overlooked during this pandemic. Also, disruption in the academic year had led to more of virtual learning. The pros and cons of virtual learning need to be assessed, there is a need to evaluate whether there has been a shift in approach toward dental practice. So in our survey, we evaluated the mental health, efficiency of virtual learning, and attitude toward future dental practices among dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the mental health, efficiency of virtual learning, and attitude toward future dental practices among dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods In this study, we included 87 final-year dental undergraduate students from A B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences (ABSMIDS). The study was conducted through online questionnaire using google link. Results In our survey, we found that many of the student's mental health was affected as they experienced certain level of depression, isolation, and mood swings, which affected their sleeping pattern. So we can consider counseling sessions for the students. We also found that virtual learning is a convenient alternative, but it also has some drawbacks as it caused physical discomforts like eye strain, back pain, etc. The students' responses were overwhelmingly positive with regard to future dental practices, but they felt there is a need to treat patients with protective equipment and guidance. Conclusions Our study showed that this pandemic had hampered the mental health status of students in some ways. Also, it showed that virtual learning is helpful and is a convenient alternative, but it has some drawbacks as it causes physical discomforts. The students' responses were overwhelmingly positive with regard to future dental practices, but they need to treat patients with protective equipment. The Covid pandemic waves had made it difficult to control the situation, which resulted in extended periods of lockdown. Hence, these factors should be considered for the benefit of students in order to manage any future outbreaks in a better way.
{"title":"Reality Faced by Dental Students during COVID-19 Pandemic Situation","authors":"T. Bhosale, Roshni Mathew, A. Hegde","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770961","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic was causing an unfavorable effect on the education and mental health of students. Much information about this virus is available, but its effect on mental health has been overlooked during this pandemic. Also, disruption in the academic year had led to more of virtual learning. The pros and cons of virtual learning need to be assessed, there is a need to evaluate whether there has been a shift in approach toward dental practice. So in our survey, we evaluated the mental health, efficiency of virtual learning, and attitude toward future dental practices among dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the mental health, efficiency of virtual learning, and attitude toward future dental practices among dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods In this study, we included 87 final-year dental undergraduate students from A B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences (ABSMIDS). The study was conducted through online questionnaire using google link. Results In our survey, we found that many of the student's mental health was affected as they experienced certain level of depression, isolation, and mood swings, which affected their sleeping pattern. So we can consider counseling sessions for the students. We also found that virtual learning is a convenient alternative, but it also has some drawbacks as it caused physical discomforts like eye strain, back pain, etc. The students' responses were overwhelmingly positive with regard to future dental practices, but they felt there is a need to treat patients with protective equipment and guidance. Conclusions Our study showed that this pandemic had hampered the mental health status of students in some ways. Also, it showed that virtual learning is helpful and is a convenient alternative, but it has some drawbacks as it causes physical discomforts. The students' responses were overwhelmingly positive with regard to future dental practices, but they need to treat patients with protective equipment. The Covid pandemic waves had made it difficult to control the situation, which resulted in extended periods of lockdown. Hence, these factors should be considered for the benefit of students in order to manage any future outbreaks in a better way.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46901411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sujatha R. Kannappan, Tirikhumla Chang, Jeevitha Alva
Abstract Background Modern advanced technologies in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) have created more noise sources of varying frequencies and intensities, increasing the risk of hearing loss in infants. This study aimed to determine the effect of earmuffs on neonatal behavior. Materials and Methods This study was conducted in the 13-bed level III-A NICU of a 1,000-bed tertiary care teaching hospital. Preexperimental, one-group pretest, posttest design was adopted in the study. Twenty-seven neonates were selected using nonprobability and purposive sampling techniques. The noise level was checked using a dosimeter (sound level meter SL-4030), the baseline variables were collected, and earmuffs were applied to the neonates for 2 hours in the morning and 2 hours in the evening for 3 consecutive days. An observational checklist was used to assess neonatal behavior. Results The mean age in days was 2.19 ± 0.96, the mean weight in kilograms was 2.92 ± 0.43, and the mean gestational week was 37.56 ± 1.50. The mean sound level in the NICU was 56.7 + 14, which was higher than the NICU's recommended noise level. The most noise-generating events and equipment found in NICU were human-made noise and ventilator bubbling sounds. There was a significant difference in the mean behavioral score among neonates using earmuffs, as the “ p -value was < 0.05.” However, there was no association between pretest neonatal behavior with baseline data ( p > 0.05). Conclusions This study revealed that wearing earmuffs had a beneficial impact on enhancing newborn behavior.
{"title":"Will Earmuffs Improve Neonate Behavior in The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit?","authors":"Sujatha R. Kannappan, Tirikhumla Chang, Jeevitha Alva","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1771401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1771401","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Modern advanced technologies in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) have created more noise sources of varying frequencies and intensities, increasing the risk of hearing loss in infants. This study aimed to determine the effect of earmuffs on neonatal behavior. Materials and Methods This study was conducted in the 13-bed level III-A NICU of a 1,000-bed tertiary care teaching hospital. Preexperimental, one-group pretest, posttest design was adopted in the study. Twenty-seven neonates were selected using nonprobability and purposive sampling techniques. The noise level was checked using a dosimeter (sound level meter SL-4030), the baseline variables were collected, and earmuffs were applied to the neonates for 2 hours in the morning and 2 hours in the evening for 3 consecutive days. An observational checklist was used to assess neonatal behavior. Results The mean age in days was 2.19 ± 0.96, the mean weight in kilograms was 2.92 ± 0.43, and the mean gestational week was 37.56 ± 1.50. The mean sound level in the NICU was 56.7 + 14, which was higher than the NICU's recommended noise level. The most noise-generating events and equipment found in NICU were human-made noise and ventilator bubbling sounds. There was a significant difference in the mean behavioral score among neonates using earmuffs, as the “ p -value was < 0.05.” However, there was no association between pretest neonatal behavior with baseline data ( p > 0.05). Conclusions This study revealed that wearing earmuffs had a beneficial impact on enhancing newborn behavior.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43641351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background Adolescent mental well-being is a concern for health care specialists as the prevalence of mental health issues appears to peak in this age group. Aim Our aim was to determine the level of mental well-being among adolescents. Methods The study was conducted using the descriptive survey approach among 720 adolescents of 16 to 17 years. Baseline proforma and the Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale were the tools used to collect the data. Results Almost three-fourth of adolescents had good mental well-being, whereas 2.08% experienced poor mental well-being. The chi-square test showed a significant association between mental well-being and selected demographic variables such as stream under study ( p = 0.001), type of family ( p = 0.006), area of residence ( p = 0.001), educational status of the father ( p = 0.011), and occupational status of the father ( p = 0.001). Conclusion Appropriate interventions by health care professionals are needed to focus on submerged risky behaviors and obstacles to promote mental well-being among adolescents.
{"title":"Mental Well-being Among Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Survey","authors":"Lavina Rodrigues, A. Safeekh, Jacintha Veigas","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1771384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1771384","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Adolescent mental well-being is a concern for health care specialists as the prevalence of mental health issues appears to peak in this age group. Aim Our aim was to determine the level of mental well-being among adolescents. Methods The study was conducted using the descriptive survey approach among 720 adolescents of 16 to 17 years. Baseline proforma and the Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale were the tools used to collect the data. Results Almost three-fourth of adolescents had good mental well-being, whereas 2.08% experienced poor mental well-being. The chi-square test showed a significant association between mental well-being and selected demographic variables such as stream under study ( p = 0.001), type of family ( p = 0.006), area of residence ( p = 0.001), educational status of the father ( p = 0.011), and occupational status of the father ( p = 0.001). Conclusion Appropriate interventions by health care professionals are needed to focus on submerged risky behaviors and obstacles to promote mental well-being among adolescents.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57981458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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