Femalia Nuril Ain Sutarjo, Maryam Fathiya Rinthani, Gisela Lalita Brahmanikanya, A. Parmadiati, Desiana Radhitia, F. Mahdani
Abstract Xerostomia is a subjective sign of dry mouth t may or may not be accompanied by objective signs of hyposalivation. The condition of xerostomia has been associated with increasing age in line with the aging process, with a global prevalence of 30%. in the elderly aged 65 years and above. This can have an impact on the health and quality of life of the elderly. Also, xerostomia is the most common symptom in patients during periods of anxiety, stress, depression, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and systemic diseases, as well as in individuals who have a history of polypharmacy or who use certain drugs. This study aimed to review the most recent available evidence regarding the most common causes of xerostomia in the elderly. The PCC strategy (population, context, and concept) was used as a guide for retrieving the relevant articles for this scoping review. Two databases were systematically searched using PubMed and Scopus. The draft of the scoping review and assessment of the methodological quality of the trials was carried out following the criteria of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). A total of 12 trials were identified that met the previously defined selection and quality criteria; 9 related to medicine, and 4 included populations in which xerostomia was a systemic disease, rheumatic disease, radiation therapy to the head or neck region, nutrition, and psychological factors. The common precipitating factor of xerostomia in the elderly is medicine. Drugs that are more commonly found to cause xerostomia are gastrointestinal drugs, psychotropic drugs, and antihypertensive drugs.
{"title":"Common Precipitating Factors of Xerostomia in Elderly","authors":"Femalia Nuril Ain Sutarjo, Maryam Fathiya Rinthani, Gisela Lalita Brahmanikanya, A. Parmadiati, Desiana Radhitia, F. Mahdani","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1762916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1762916","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Xerostomia is a subjective sign of dry mouth t may or may not be accompanied by objective signs of hyposalivation. The condition of xerostomia has been associated with increasing age in line with the aging process, with a global prevalence of 30%. in the elderly aged 65 years and above. This can have an impact on the health and quality of life of the elderly. Also, xerostomia is the most common symptom in patients during periods of anxiety, stress, depression, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and systemic diseases, as well as in individuals who have a history of polypharmacy or who use certain drugs. This study aimed to review the most recent available evidence regarding the most common causes of xerostomia in the elderly. The PCC strategy (population, context, and concept) was used as a guide for retrieving the relevant articles for this scoping review. Two databases were systematically searched using PubMed and Scopus. The draft of the scoping review and assessment of the methodological quality of the trials was carried out following the criteria of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). A total of 12 trials were identified that met the previously defined selection and quality criteria; 9 related to medicine, and 4 included populations in which xerostomia was a systemic disease, rheumatic disease, radiation therapy to the head or neck region, nutrition, and psychological factors. The common precipitating factor of xerostomia in the elderly is medicine. Drugs that are more commonly found to cause xerostomia are gastrointestinal drugs, psychotropic drugs, and antihypertensive drugs.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44495704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background Burns cause the most severe injuries and are a major public health concern worldwide. It is common in third-world countries and it greatly increases mortality and illness there. Because of the long period of time spent in the hospital and the effort required to recover from a burn, it is one of the most costly injuries to treat. Objectives The aim of this study was to identify the priming factors related to burn injury among people in Bangladesh. Materials and Methods The study design was cross-sectional. Total 121 samples were selected conveniently for the study and the study was conducted in several hospital settings in Chittagong, Savar and Dhaka city like Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Enam Medical College Hospital, and Sheikh Hasina Burn Hospital. Data was collected by using a self-administered questionnaire. Statistical Analysis Descriptive and inferential statistics (chi-squared test) were used for data analysis that focused through tables. Results On average, people were 22.43 (14.399) years old. Of the total of 121 patients, 48.1% were female ( n = 58) and 52.1% were male ( n = 63). Among the participants, 56.2% ( n = 68) were hurt accidentally, 33.9% ( n = 41) were injured on the job, 2.5% ( n = 3) were harmed intentionally, and 7.4% ( n = 9) were injured while preparing food. In case of occurrence, 37.2% ( n = 45) were burned by fire, 38.8% ( n = 47) were electrical burn and 23.9% ( n = 29) were chemical or scald type burn. Conclusions Most burn injuries are accidental, such as cooking fires, hot water, electric lines, and acid throwing that are significantly considered as the priming factors of burn injury among people in Bangladesh. The lack of awareness and ignorance causes these accidents and insufficient training causes most the electrical burns.
{"title":"Priming Factors Related to Burn Injury among People in Bangladesh","authors":"A. Khan, S. Bhuiyan, Z. Hossain","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1766126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1766126","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Burns cause the most severe injuries and are a major public health concern worldwide. It is common in third-world countries and it greatly increases mortality and illness there. Because of the long period of time spent in the hospital and the effort required to recover from a burn, it is one of the most costly injuries to treat. Objectives The aim of this study was to identify the priming factors related to burn injury among people in Bangladesh. Materials and Methods The study design was cross-sectional. Total 121 samples were selected conveniently for the study and the study was conducted in several hospital settings in Chittagong, Savar and Dhaka city like Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Enam Medical College Hospital, and Sheikh Hasina Burn Hospital. Data was collected by using a self-administered questionnaire. Statistical Analysis Descriptive and inferential statistics (chi-squared test) were used for data analysis that focused through tables. Results On average, people were 22.43 (14.399) years old. Of the total of 121 patients, 48.1% were female ( n = 58) and 52.1% were male ( n = 63). Among the participants, 56.2% ( n = 68) were hurt accidentally, 33.9% ( n = 41) were injured on the job, 2.5% ( n = 3) were harmed intentionally, and 7.4% ( n = 9) were injured while preparing food. In case of occurrence, 37.2% ( n = 45) were burned by fire, 38.8% ( n = 47) were electrical burn and 23.9% ( n = 29) were chemical or scald type burn. Conclusions Most burn injuries are accidental, such as cooking fires, hot water, electric lines, and acid throwing that are significantly considered as the priming factors of burn injury among people in Bangladesh. The lack of awareness and ignorance causes these accidents and insufficient training causes most the electrical burns.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47776034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Although implant therapy has been identified as a successful and predictable treatment for partially and completely edentulous patients, complications and failures can occur. There are two main categories of complications that occur in implant therapy: biological and technical (mechanical). Peri-implantitis is considered as a biological complication that results in bone loss around implants and may lead to implant treatment failure. Peri-implantitis has become a topic of major interest in contemporary dentistry due to its higher prevalence. Even though the main etiologic agent is bacterial biofilm, a myriad of factors influences the initiation and progression of peri-implant disease. The knowledge of the impact of peri-implantitis on the outcome of treatment with oral implants as well as the identification of risk factors associated with this inflammatory condition is essential for the development of supportive maintenance programs and the establishment of prevention protocols. Thus, this article reviews the recent evidence on the factors that may predispose implants to peri-implantitis.
{"title":"Understanding the Risk of Peri-Implantitis","authors":"Dipanjan Das, N. Shenoy, S. Shetty","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1766125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1766125","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Although implant therapy has been identified as a successful and predictable treatment for partially and completely edentulous patients, complications and failures can occur. There are two main categories of complications that occur in implant therapy: biological and technical (mechanical). Peri-implantitis is considered as a biological complication that results in bone loss around implants and may lead to implant treatment failure. Peri-implantitis has become a topic of major interest in contemporary dentistry due to its higher prevalence. Even though the main etiologic agent is bacterial biofilm, a myriad of factors influences the initiation and progression of peri-implant disease. The knowledge of the impact of peri-implantitis on the outcome of treatment with oral implants as well as the identification of risk factors associated with this inflammatory condition is essential for the development of supportive maintenance programs and the establishment of prevention protocols. Thus, this article reviews the recent evidence on the factors that may predispose implants to peri-implantitis.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45050165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Zuniga, Miguel Vida Lamegal, Danielle Bueno Rodrigues, G. L. Veiga, E. Pereira, T. Gascón, B. Alves, R. Leça, V. L. Lima, F. Fonseca
Abstract Introduction Vitamin D plays a vital role in the proper functioning of various systems of the human body. Conventionally, it is known that its deficiency can impair, among other factors, calcium homeostasis, bone metabolism, and immune system regulation. Besides having anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic properties, 25(OH)D also acts in maintaining the integrity of the human retina, favoring the idea of it being a protective factor for certain ocular diseases. Objective Therefore, the purpose of this review was to collect data from the literature which support the importance of vitamin D for ocular health. Methods Through the Scientific Electronic Library Online and the National Library of Medicine databases, a compendium was created on the subject. Results In total, 31 articles in English published between 2016 and 2020 were found. These articles were reviewed and categorized by diseases in order to study each disorder thoroughly. It is noticed that 25(OH) D is, in fact, a potential protective factor against such diseases, including diseases that affect both the surface of the cornea and the ocular tissues that have vitamin D receptors. Conclusion Vitamin D is a protective hormone in the eye, and its deficiency is related to a variety of ocular diseases. Therefore, the supplementation of 25(OH)D can be considered as a complementary treatment for patients with these diseases, since it brings relevant benefits.
{"title":"Vitamin D and its Relationship to Ocular Diseases: A Systematic Review","authors":"R. Zuniga, Miguel Vida Lamegal, Danielle Bueno Rodrigues, G. L. Veiga, E. Pereira, T. Gascón, B. Alves, R. Leça, V. L. Lima, F. Fonseca","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1762915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1762915","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Vitamin D plays a vital role in the proper functioning of various systems of the human body. Conventionally, it is known that its deficiency can impair, among other factors, calcium homeostasis, bone metabolism, and immune system regulation. Besides having anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic properties, 25(OH)D also acts in maintaining the integrity of the human retina, favoring the idea of it being a protective factor for certain ocular diseases. Objective Therefore, the purpose of this review was to collect data from the literature which support the importance of vitamin D for ocular health. Methods Through the Scientific Electronic Library Online and the National Library of Medicine databases, a compendium was created on the subject. Results In total, 31 articles in English published between 2016 and 2020 were found. These articles were reviewed and categorized by diseases in order to study each disorder thoroughly. It is noticed that 25(OH) D is, in fact, a potential protective factor against such diseases, including diseases that affect both the surface of the cornea and the ocular tissues that have vitamin D receptors. Conclusion Vitamin D is a protective hormone in the eye, and its deficiency is related to a variety of ocular diseases. Therefore, the supplementation of 25(OH)D can be considered as a complementary treatment for patients with these diseases, since it brings relevant benefits.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41936142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Dmello, S. Badiger, Sudeep Kumar, Karma Galey, Nanjesh Kumar, Neevan Dsouza
Abstract Nutritional status is one of the important factors that indicate children's proper development and growth. The geospatial analytic approach is useful in describing and analyzing the characteristics, depth, and coverage of the malnutrition burden among under-five children. This current scoping review was performed to systematically map the spatial analytical techniques and approaches applied in nutrition among under-five children. An organized online database search was conducted to identify articles published between 1995 and 2021 on under-five nutrition and spatial statistic in PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science. A total of 80 distinct articles were identified, of which 34 articles were used for the final review. A spatial statistical correlation was mainly used ( n = 15), followed by Bayesian spatial modelling ( n = 7), Global Moran's technique ( n = 9), and Getis-Ord ( n = 3). Nine studies in India concerning spatial analysis and undernutrition were conducted based on a national-level demographic health survey. There is a need for future spatial studies related to nutrition and under-five children at the sub-national level in India.
{"title":"Geospatial Analysis of Malnutrition among Under-Five Children: A Scoping Review","authors":"M. Dmello, S. Badiger, Sudeep Kumar, Karma Galey, Nanjesh Kumar, Neevan Dsouza","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1762579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1762579","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nutritional status is one of the important factors that indicate children's proper development and growth. The geospatial analytic approach is useful in describing and analyzing the characteristics, depth, and coverage of the malnutrition burden among under-five children. This current scoping review was performed to systematically map the spatial analytical techniques and approaches applied in nutrition among under-five children. An organized online database search was conducted to identify articles published between 1995 and 2021 on under-five nutrition and spatial statistic in PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science. A total of 80 distinct articles were identified, of which 34 articles were used for the final review. A spatial statistical correlation was mainly used ( n = 15), followed by Bayesian spatial modelling ( n = 7), Global Moran's technique ( n = 9), and Getis-Ord ( n = 3). Nine studies in India concerning spatial analysis and undernutrition were conducted based on a national-level demographic health survey. There is a need for future spatial studies related to nutrition and under-five children at the sub-national level in India.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":"13 1","pages":"459 - 468"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45790594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Study Design The current study used a phenomenological qualitative design to investigate leadership competencies and mentoring needs of physical and occupational therapy leaders. Objectives The purpose of the study was to evaluate leadership competencies of physical and occupational therapy leaders based on years of leadership experience and determine their mentoring needs for developing leadership competencies. Background Personnel shortages are a major issue in health care, and health care organizations should focus on professional development of health care leaders for better staff retention. Methods and Measures Nonprobability convenience sampling was used to recruit physical and occupational therapists currently working as therapy leaders in the United States. A self-developed, two-part structured interview guide was created and contained three demographic questions regarding leadership and four open-ended questions. Before the interview, participants reviewed the National Center for Healthcare Leadership Health Leadership Competency Model 3.0, which discusses seven domains of leadership competency, and the interview guide. Interviews took ∼30 to 45 minutes and were conducted using Zoom. NVivo software was used to code interviews for themes, and identified themes were grouped into five categories of years of leadership experience. Results Twenty-five physical and occupational therapists participated in the study. Participants in all five experience categories identified collaboration and communication as leadership competencies they possessed. Other identified competencies were analytical thinking, team leadership, accountability, and professional and social responsibility. Human resource management, financial skills, and relationship and network development were identified as mentoring needs for developing leadership competencies by participants in all categories. Information technology management and self-confidence were also identified. Conclusions By determining the current leadership competencies and mentoring needs, the results of the current study may be useful for establishing leaders who can address personnel shortages in health care.
{"title":"Exploring Leadership Competencies and Mentoring Needs of Physical and Occupational Therapy Leaders in the United States","authors":"Mica Rutschke, John Fick","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1764356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1764356","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study Design The current study used a phenomenological qualitative design to investigate leadership competencies and mentoring needs of physical and occupational therapy leaders. Objectives The purpose of the study was to evaluate leadership competencies of physical and occupational therapy leaders based on years of leadership experience and determine their mentoring needs for developing leadership competencies. Background Personnel shortages are a major issue in health care, and health care organizations should focus on professional development of health care leaders for better staff retention. Methods and Measures Nonprobability convenience sampling was used to recruit physical and occupational therapists currently working as therapy leaders in the United States. A self-developed, two-part structured interview guide was created and contained three demographic questions regarding leadership and four open-ended questions. Before the interview, participants reviewed the National Center for Healthcare Leadership Health Leadership Competency Model 3.0, which discusses seven domains of leadership competency, and the interview guide. Interviews took ∼30 to 45 minutes and were conducted using Zoom. NVivo software was used to code interviews for themes, and identified themes were grouped into five categories of years of leadership experience. Results Twenty-five physical and occupational therapists participated in the study. Participants in all five experience categories identified collaboration and communication as leadership competencies they possessed. Other identified competencies were analytical thinking, team leadership, accountability, and professional and social responsibility. Human resource management, financial skills, and relationship and network development were identified as mentoring needs for developing leadership competencies by participants in all categories. Information technology management and self-confidence were also identified. Conclusions By determining the current leadership competencies and mentoring needs, the results of the current study may be useful for establishing leaders who can address personnel shortages in health care.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46158579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background and Objectives The status of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and K i -67 expression in core needle biopsy and excision specimens has concurrent results, but many show discordance. However, only a few studies on the subject are available in India. Therefore, this study aims to compare the ER and K i -67 expression status in core needle biopsy and excision specimens of breast carcinoma. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional analytical study, 50 breast carcinoma cases were histopathologically examined for ER and K i -67 expression in both core needle biopsy and excision specimen. The interpreter was blinded for the evaluation of ER and K i -67 expression index and the data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 27. Results The average age of the participants was 50 years and breast lump was the most common presenting complaint in all the cases. The concordance rate of histological typing between core needle biopsy and excision specimens was 96%, and the majority were invasive ductal carcinoma (60%) and not otherwise specified (48%) having Nottingham histologic grade 3 (46%). The concordance rate between core needle biopsy and excision specimen for ER and K i -67 expression was 86% ( n = 43) and 54% ( n = 27), respectively. Most of the cases were found to be luminal A type (38%). Additionally, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of ER between core needle biopsy and excision specimen were 78.79, 100, 100, and 70.83%, respectively; however, these were 44, 64, 55, and 53.33%, respectively, for K i -67. Conclusion Although the concordance of the ER status between core needle biopsy and excision specimen was substantial, the discordance rate of K i -67 was found to be high. Hence, relying solely on core needle biopsy for critical decision-making is inadvisable; however, core needle biopsy can be used as an initial procedure to examine histology and receptor status, Therefore, it is better to reconsider performing immunohistochemistry for the excision specimen, more importantly in ER-negative cases, to benefit the patient with targeted therapy.
{"title":"Comparison of Estrogen Receptor Status and K i -67 Index in Core Needle Biopsy and Resected Specimen of Breast Carcinoma","authors":"Geoffrey Sundar E., K. Hl, J. K., C. Rao, A. K.","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1762580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1762580","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background and Objectives The status of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and K i -67 expression in core needle biopsy and excision specimens has concurrent results, but many show discordance. However, only a few studies on the subject are available in India. Therefore, this study aims to compare the ER and K i -67 expression status in core needle biopsy and excision specimens of breast carcinoma. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional analytical study, 50 breast carcinoma cases were histopathologically examined for ER and K i -67 expression in both core needle biopsy and excision specimen. The interpreter was blinded for the evaluation of ER and K i -67 expression index and the data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 27. Results The average age of the participants was 50 years and breast lump was the most common presenting complaint in all the cases. The concordance rate of histological typing between core needle biopsy and excision specimens was 96%, and the majority were invasive ductal carcinoma (60%) and not otherwise specified (48%) having Nottingham histologic grade 3 (46%). The concordance rate between core needle biopsy and excision specimen for ER and K i -67 expression was 86% ( n = 43) and 54% ( n = 27), respectively. Most of the cases were found to be luminal A type (38%). Additionally, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of ER between core needle biopsy and excision specimen were 78.79, 100, 100, and 70.83%, respectively; however, these were 44, 64, 55, and 53.33%, respectively, for K i -67. Conclusion Although the concordance of the ER status between core needle biopsy and excision specimen was substantial, the discordance rate of K i -67 was found to be high. Hence, relying solely on core needle biopsy for critical decision-making is inadvisable; however, core needle biopsy can be used as an initial procedure to examine histology and receptor status, Therefore, it is better to reconsider performing immunohistochemistry for the excision specimen, more importantly in ER-negative cases, to benefit the patient with targeted therapy.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":"13 1","pages":"575 - 580"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44658658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Walkyria Villegas Magalhães, Kemily Loren Barros Chucata, N. A. Dsouki, R. Nucci, A. G. B. Veloso, F. A. Fonseca, L. Maifrino
Abstract Introduction Menopausal women have an increase deposition of body fat and changes in the lipid profile, being especially susceptible to cardiovascular diseases, and type 2 diabetes. However, physical activity can mitigate this situation. Thus, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of moderate aerobic exercise on visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of female LDL-receptor knockout ovariectomized mice. Methods We used 48 animals, divided into six groups ( n = 8/per group): sedentary control (SC), sedentary ovariectomized control (SCO), trained ovariectomized control (TCO), sedentary non-ovariectomized LDL-receptor knockout (KS), sedentary ovariectomized LDL-receptor knockout (KOS), and trained LDL-receptor knockout ovariectomized (KOT). We analyzed the VAT through morphometric and stereological parameters in hematoxylin and eosin stained sections. Additionally, we evaluated biochemical parameters as glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol. Finally, immunohistochemical techniques for matrix remodeling, inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress were evaluated. Results We observed that menopause is related to increased visceral adiposity, inflammation, oxidative stress, macrophages activity, serum levels of glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol. However, exercise was effective in reducing these parameters, as well as being associated with increased vascularization of VAT and interstitial volume density. Conclusions Moderate exercise is a key factor in mitigating the effects of dyslipidemia in estrogen deprivation. However, further studies are needed to corroborate with our findings.
{"title":"Aerobic Exercise Modulates Visceral Adipose Tissue of Estrogen Deprived Rats in an Experimental Model of Dyslipidemia","authors":"Walkyria Villegas Magalhães, Kemily Loren Barros Chucata, N. A. Dsouki, R. Nucci, A. G. B. Veloso, F. A. Fonseca, L. Maifrino","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1762581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1762581","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Menopausal women have an increase deposition of body fat and changes in the lipid profile, being especially susceptible to cardiovascular diseases, and type 2 diabetes. However, physical activity can mitigate this situation. Thus, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of moderate aerobic exercise on visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of female LDL-receptor knockout ovariectomized mice. Methods We used 48 animals, divided into six groups ( n = 8/per group): sedentary control (SC), sedentary ovariectomized control (SCO), trained ovariectomized control (TCO), sedentary non-ovariectomized LDL-receptor knockout (KS), sedentary ovariectomized LDL-receptor knockout (KOS), and trained LDL-receptor knockout ovariectomized (KOT). We analyzed the VAT through morphometric and stereological parameters in hematoxylin and eosin stained sections. Additionally, we evaluated biochemical parameters as glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol. Finally, immunohistochemical techniques for matrix remodeling, inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress were evaluated. Results We observed that menopause is related to increased visceral adiposity, inflammation, oxidative stress, macrophages activity, serum levels of glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol. However, exercise was effective in reducing these parameters, as well as being associated with increased vascularization of VAT and interstitial volume density. Conclusions Moderate exercise is a key factor in mitigating the effects of dyslipidemia in estrogen deprivation. However, further studies are needed to corroborate with our findings.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41665796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Intracholecystic papillary neoplasm of the gallbladder is a rare and relatively new entity in the fifth edition of the World Health Organization classification of tumors of the digestive system. It mainly occurs in elderly women. It is an exophytic, granular, and friable mass seen in gallbladder mucosa, often mistaken clinically as sludge. We report a middle-aged female with abdominal pain and a vague mass in the right hypochondrium. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis showed a heterogeneously enhancing lesion in the gallbladder lumen extending from the fundus to the neck, causing an irregular luminal obstruction. Histopathological examination of the cholecystectomy specimen showed features of intracholecystic papillary neoplasm of biliary and oncocytic type with low-grade dysplasia.
{"title":"Intracholecystic Papillary Neoplasm of Gallbladder in a Middle-Aged Woman—A Rare Entity","authors":"S. Bhat, Sreelakshmi Abhiram, S. Teerthanath","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1766124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1766124","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Intracholecystic papillary neoplasm of the gallbladder is a rare and relatively new entity in the fifth edition of the World Health Organization classification of tumors of the digestive system. It mainly occurs in elderly women. It is an exophytic, granular, and friable mass seen in gallbladder mucosa, often mistaken clinically as sludge. We report a middle-aged female with abdominal pain and a vague mass in the right hypochondrium. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis showed a heterogeneously enhancing lesion in the gallbladder lumen extending from the fundus to the neck, causing an irregular luminal obstruction. Histopathological examination of the cholecystectomy specimen showed features of intracholecystic papillary neoplasm of biliary and oncocytic type with low-grade dysplasia.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42618328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Kanmodi, B. Amoo, J. Nwafor, L. Nnyanzi, M. Ogbeide, A. Hundeji, C. Adetunji
Abstract Objectives To investigate the knowledge and practices of registered nurses in Nigeria concerning oral hygiene, cariogenic diets, and dental check-ups through a pilot study. Methods This study was an online survey of 129 registered nurses in Nigeria. Data were collected via the WhatsApp social media using an electronic questionnaire (Google form). Data analysis was done using the SPSS version 26 software (IBM Corp, New York, USA). Results The response and completeness rates of this pilot study were 41.7% (129/311) and 96.9% 9125/129), respectively. The majority (62.2%) of the respondents were females. The majority (89.1%) had average/above average score on basic oral health knowledge; however, there was no significant relationship between their level of basic oral health knowledge and their sociodemographic characteristics ( p > 0.05). The majority (66.7%) of the respondents brushed twice daily, 86.8% used a fluoridated toothpaste, and 60.5% changed their toothbrush every 3 months. Furthermore, more than half (55.8%) consumed sugary snack/drink on daily basis, while 55.0% rinsed their mouth with water immediately after taking sugary snack, and only 55.8% did floss their teeth. Among those who flossed their teeth, only 37.5% did it once daily. It is also striking that 26.4% of the respondents had never visited a dentist for a dental check-up. Conclusion Study findings showed a high level of basic oral health knowledge and a lower level of appropriate oral self-care practices among nurses in Nigeria. However, there is a need for a nationally representative study of nurses in Nigeria to further establish these findings.
{"title":"Knowledge and Practices Regarding Oral Hygiene, Cariogenic Diet Intake, and Dental Check-Ups Among Registered Nurses in Nigeria: A Pilot Study","authors":"K. Kanmodi, B. Amoo, J. Nwafor, L. Nnyanzi, M. Ogbeide, A. Hundeji, C. Adetunji","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1760439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1760439","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives To investigate the knowledge and practices of registered nurses in Nigeria concerning oral hygiene, cariogenic diets, and dental check-ups through a pilot study. Methods This study was an online survey of 129 registered nurses in Nigeria. Data were collected via the WhatsApp social media using an electronic questionnaire (Google form). Data analysis was done using the SPSS version 26 software (IBM Corp, New York, USA). Results The response and completeness rates of this pilot study were 41.7% (129/311) and 96.9% 9125/129), respectively. The majority (62.2%) of the respondents were females. The majority (89.1%) had average/above average score on basic oral health knowledge; however, there was no significant relationship between their level of basic oral health knowledge and their sociodemographic characteristics ( p > 0.05). The majority (66.7%) of the respondents brushed twice daily, 86.8% used a fluoridated toothpaste, and 60.5% changed their toothbrush every 3 months. Furthermore, more than half (55.8%) consumed sugary snack/drink on daily basis, while 55.0% rinsed their mouth with water immediately after taking sugary snack, and only 55.8% did floss their teeth. Among those who flossed their teeth, only 37.5% did it once daily. It is also striking that 26.4% of the respondents had never visited a dentist for a dental check-up. Conclusion Study findings showed a high level of basic oral health knowledge and a lower level of appropriate oral self-care practices among nurses in Nigeria. However, there is a need for a nationally representative study of nurses in Nigeria to further establish these findings.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":"13 1","pages":"543 - 550"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45920915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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