Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.31902//fll.40.2022.10
Ilgın Aktener, N. Kansu-Yetkiner
Sir Wyndham Henry Deedes (1883-1956) was an eminent British Army officer, civil administrator and a Turcophile, known for his literary translations from Turkish into English. This article examines his cross-cultural transfer practices, specifically his writings and interlingual literary translations by discussing his contributions to the promotion of Turkish culture in a British context. Furthermore, the study problematizes the notion of the cultural mediator and the contexts influencing and influenced by Deedes’ leading role, which caused him to act as a cultural communicative agent and an idea maker. The overall aim of this study is to contribute to the formulation of translation history through the microhistorical study of Deedes as a translation agent and the personal and social motives behind his translation decisions. It concludes that Deedes’ decisions were driven by not only his interest in Turkish culture and people, but also his position as an idea maker who found it vital to introduce the new Turkish Republic to the British audience and to promote Turco-British relations.
Wyndham Henry Deedes爵士（1883-1956）是一位杰出的英国陆军军官、民政管理者和Turcophile，以其从土耳其语到英语的文学翻译而闻名。本文通过讨论他在英国背景下对促进土耳其文化的贡献，考察了他的跨文化迁移实践，特别是他的作品和语际文学翻译。此外，本研究还对文化中介的概念以及影响和影响迪斯领导角色的语境提出了问题，迪斯领导角色使他成为文化交际的代理人和思想制造者。本研究的总体目的是通过对迪斯作为翻译代理人及其翻译决策背后的个人和社会动机的微观历史研究，为翻译史的形成做出贡献。报告得出的结论是，迪斯的决定不仅源于他对土耳其文化和人民的兴趣，还源于他作为一名思想创造者的地位，他认为向英国观众介绍新的土耳其共和国和促进土英关系至关重要。
{"title":"SIR WYNDHAM HENRY DEEDES: A PORTRAIT OF THE TRANSLATOR AS A CULTURAL AMBASSADOR","authors":"Ilgın Aktener, N. Kansu-Yetkiner","doi":"10.31902//fll.40.2022.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31902//fll.40.2022.10","url":null,"abstract":"Sir Wyndham Henry Deedes (1883-1956) was an eminent British Army officer, civil administrator and a Turcophile, known for his literary translations from Turkish into English. This article examines his cross-cultural transfer practices, specifically his writings and interlingual literary translations by discussing his contributions to the promotion of Turkish culture in a British context. Furthermore, the study problematizes the notion of the cultural mediator and the contexts influencing and influenced by Deedes’ leading role, which caused him to act as a cultural communicative agent and an idea maker. The overall aim of this study is to contribute to the formulation of translation history through the microhistorical study of Deedes as a translation agent and the personal and social motives behind his translation decisions. It concludes that Deedes’ decisions were driven by not only his interest in Turkish culture and people, but also his position as an idea maker who found it vital to introduce the new Turkish Republic to the British audience and to promote Turco-British relations.","PeriodicalId":40358,"journal":{"name":"Folia Linguistica et Litteraria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42810375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article seeks to analyze the dystopian vision in Bernard Malamud’s final novel God’s Grace (1982). An animal fable and fantasy in itself, the book centers on the last human survivor who interacts with primates, in order to create civilization anew by teaching them language, ethics, science and religion, with a major emphasis on the dualities of good and evil; reason and instinct, and their interconnectedness with free will, choice, and responsibility. The study begins with a short introduction into the history of dystopian literature, whose function is to serve, from a future perspective, as a social and political commentary about existing dark aspects, which can easily take over if not held in check. Then, the analysis probes into the dystopian features of the (covert and overt) totalitarian climate that reigns in the book, due to the human’s control of the animals through the mechanisms of language, culture, science, religion, and sexuality. The utopian society established is short-lived, as the denial of individualism inevitably brings about the primates’ rebellion and the demise of human civilization. Despite being the most pessimistic work of fiction by Malamud, the novel ends with hope, which is the case in many dystopian books.
{"title":"THE DYSTOPIAN VISION IN BERNARD MALAMUD’S NOVEL GOD’S GRACE","authors":"Shpëtim Madani, Zylfi Shehu","doi":"10.31902/fll.40.2022.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31902/fll.40.2022.4","url":null,"abstract":"This article seeks to analyze the dystopian vision in Bernard Malamud’s final novel God’s Grace (1982). An animal fable and fantasy in itself, the book centers on the last human survivor who interacts with primates, in order to create civilization anew by teaching them language, ethics, science and religion, with a major emphasis on the dualities of good and evil; reason and instinct, and their interconnectedness with free will, choice, and responsibility. The study begins with a short introduction into the history of dystopian literature, whose function is to serve, from a future perspective, as a social and political commentary about existing dark aspects, which can easily take over if not held in check. Then, the analysis probes into the dystopian features of the (covert and overt) totalitarian climate that reigns in the book, due to the human’s control of the animals through the mechanisms of language, culture, science, religion, and sexuality. The utopian society established is short-lived, as the denial of individualism inevitably brings about the primates’ rebellion and the demise of human civilization. Despite being the most pessimistic work of fiction by Malamud, the novel ends with hope, which is the case in many dystopian books.","PeriodicalId":40358,"journal":{"name":"Folia Linguistica et Litteraria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49208992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper provides a comparison of two languages that are very distinct in grammar and pronunciation, respectively German and Albanian. Since research opportunities in comparative linguistics are infinite, this paper focuses on interrogative sentences and their sentence types. Through a detailed analysis of sentence examples of the grammar used in Albanian and German, we examine the similarities and differences related to different forms of interrogative sentences. As a framework for the classification of interrogative sentences in both languages, we have distinguished sentences into general interrogative sentences and complementary ones. In the end, the knowledge gained is summerised in a general overview. The aim of this work is to compare two languages that are very different in grammar, style and pronunciation, German and Albanian. Since the field of possible investigations in comparative linguistics is endless, the present work focuses on interrogative sentences and their respective linguistic forms. Through the detailed analysis of sentence examples, which are taken from common German and Albanian grammars, the similarities and differences in interrogative sentences are shown. The distinction between yes/no questions and questions that require a supplement serves as a regulatory framework. At the end of the work, the knowledge gained is summarized in an overview.
{"title":"THE FORMAL AND SEMANTIC PROPERTIES OF INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES IN ALBANIAN AND GERMAN USAGE","authors":"Ilir Krusha, Franz Schörkhuber","doi":"10.31902/fll.40.2022.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31902/fll.40.2022.15","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a comparison of two languages that are very distinct in grammar and pronunciation, respectively German and Albanian. Since research opportunities in comparative linguistics are infinite, this paper focuses on interrogative sentences and their sentence types. Through a detailed analysis of sentence examples of the grammar used in Albanian and German, we examine the similarities and differences related to different forms of interrogative sentences. As a framework for the classification of interrogative sentences in both languages, we have distinguished sentences into general interrogative sentences and complementary ones. In the end, the knowledge gained is summerised in a general overview. The aim of this work is to compare two languages that are very different in grammar, style and pronunciation, German and Albanian. Since the field of possible investigations in comparative linguistics is endless, the present work focuses on interrogative sentences and their respective linguistic forms. Through the detailed analysis of sentence examples, which are taken from common German and Albanian grammars, the similarities and differences in interrogative sentences are shown. The distinction between yes/no questions and questions that require a supplement serves as a regulatory framework. At the end of the work, the knowledge gained is summarized in an overview.","PeriodicalId":40358,"journal":{"name":"Folia Linguistica et Litteraria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46059465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To write an article on Seamus Heaney (1939-2014) might be a venture, given the many contributions to this field. Seamus Heaney's poetic career (1966-2010) went in search of answers to questions that were raised out of a preoccupation with the notion of selfhood. On the other hand, in the early modern period, certain thinkers associated with para-scientific literature confidently proclaim a vulnerable theory of selfhood which raises questions about the authenticity of the western traditional and classical understandings of the self. This study argues that Heaney's approach to poetry constructs a theory of the self which can be read as a revision of the illegitimate conception of humanity proposed in the twentieth century, one which has a continuing effect on contemporary thought, and makes the common-sense experience of the reality we live in both more widely understood and acknowledged.
{"title":"\"SEAMUS HEANEY'S POETRY AND THE MODERN SELF: A CONSCIOUSNESS RISING ON BEHALF OF UNPOPULAR IDEAS\"","authors":"Sanaz Bayat","doi":"10.31902/fll.40.2022.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31902/fll.40.2022.5","url":null,"abstract":"To write an article on Seamus Heaney (1939-2014) might be a venture, given the many contributions to this field. Seamus Heaney's poetic career (1966-2010) went in search of answers to questions that were raised out of a preoccupation with the notion of selfhood. On the other hand, in the early modern period, certain thinkers associated with para-scientific literature confidently proclaim a vulnerable theory of selfhood which raises questions about the authenticity of the western traditional and classical understandings of the self. This study argues that Heaney's approach to poetry constructs a theory of the self which can be read as a revision of the illegitimate conception of humanity proposed in the twentieth century, one which has a continuing effect on contemporary thought, and makes the common-sense experience of the reality we live in both more widely understood and acknowledged.","PeriodicalId":40358,"journal":{"name":"Folia Linguistica et Litteraria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48516680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Times of crisis seem to stimulate the word formation potential of languages as shown in past research e.g. Trümmerfrau, Kristallnacht, Anschluss, hamstern in World War II. The present study, based on language change during the Covid19 pandemic, contributes to previous studies in this domain, whereby the behavior of mankind in times of crisis is proven to be universal over the centuries. The neologisms (completely new words, new meanings of already existing words) analysed in this paper, are terms for person/group reference reflecting a specific behaviour brought on during the COVID-19 crisis. Most of these neologisms, primarily consisting of a wider range of compounds, may pass the test of usage and be included permanently into the German lexicon. Other types of neologisms may only be used occasionally. Also, it might be worth mentioning that the inclusion of certain excerpts in the German lexicon has been verified by Duden online.
{"title":"VERBALIZATION OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC-RELATED CONCEPTS: NEOLOGISM POTENTIAL OF THE GERMAN LANGUAGE","authors":"S. Simoska","doi":"10.31902/fll.40.2022.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31902/fll.40.2022.14","url":null,"abstract":"Times of crisis seem to stimulate the word formation potential of languages as shown in past research e.g. Trümmerfrau, Kristallnacht, Anschluss, hamstern in World War II. The present study, based on language change during the Covid19 pandemic, contributes to previous studies in this domain, whereby the behavior of mankind in times of crisis is proven to be universal over the centuries. The neologisms (completely new words, new meanings of already existing words) analysed in this paper, are terms for person/group reference reflecting a specific behaviour brought on during the COVID-19 crisis. Most of these neologisms, primarily consisting of a wider range of compounds, may pass the test of usage and be included permanently into the German lexicon. Other types of neologisms may only be used occasionally. Also, it might be worth mentioning that the inclusion of certain excerpts in the German lexicon has been verified by Duden online.","PeriodicalId":40358,"journal":{"name":"Folia Linguistica et Litteraria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43765743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article focuses on Katherine Anne Porter’s semiautobiographical modernist novella Pale Horse, Pale Rider, a rare example of literature with a direct reference to the Spanish flu pandemic during the World War I. The article first provides a brief overview of critical approaches to the novella, situating it in the literary plague canon, then focuses on the war and the pandemic as the external factors that are not shown only to change the face of the society, but also to deeply affect people’s minds. As the main protagonist Miranda falls ill with the influenza and enters a strenuous combat with the disease, the reader gains access to her subconscious through a series of dreams and deliriums that Miranda experiences during her illness. These will be analysed using Bion’s theory of dreams to show that they present Miranda’s affective response to the external reality as well as her capacity to digest the previously indigested emotions.
{"title":"TORTURED CITY TORTURED MIND: THE CONTINUOUS INTERPLAY OF INDIVIDUAL (SUB)CONSCIOUSNESS AND EXTERNAL EVENTS IN K. A. PORTER’S PALE HORSE, PALE RIDER","authors":"Olivera Kusovac, Tjaša Mohar","doi":"10.31902/fll.40.2022.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31902/fll.40.2022.8","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on Katherine Anne Porter’s semiautobiographical modernist novella Pale Horse, Pale Rider, a rare example of literature with a direct reference to the Spanish flu pandemic during the World War I. The article first provides a brief overview of critical approaches to the novella, situating it in the literary plague canon, then focuses on the war and the pandemic as the external factors that are not shown only to change the face of the society, but also to deeply affect people’s minds. As the main protagonist Miranda falls ill with the influenza and enters a strenuous combat with the disease, the reader gains access to her subconscious through a series of dreams and deliriums that Miranda experiences during her illness. These will be analysed using Bion’s theory of dreams to show that they present Miranda’s affective response to the external reality as well as her capacity to digest the previously indigested emotions.","PeriodicalId":40358,"journal":{"name":"Folia Linguistica et Litteraria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48968765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article studies interesting print advertisements, i.e., those with intriguing pictures, which are viewed here as types of multimodal discourse with an implicit transfer of meaning. It proposes that the advertisements have a unique surface structure, involving concise verbal and unexpected visual elements in interaction, which at the cognitive level prompt multimodal metaphors and metonymies used for inferring meaning. The aims are 1) to show that the intended meaning mainly stems from the interaction of two modes, i.e., language and picture, 2) to specify the dominating types of verbo-visual interaction, and 3) to point to the use of multimodal metaphor and metonymy as the main cognitive structures underlying the carefully designed structure of creative advertisements. Five common types of verbo-visual interaction are identified, whereby surface, i.e., verbo-visual and cognitive dimensions in creating meaning are unified. The specified types of verbal and visual elements in interaction are based on the notion of the level of verbal figurativeness and the visual creative continuum, rather than the notion of rhetorical figures. The article detects the typical functions of multimodal metaphor and metonymy and particularly stresses the role of multimodal metonymy in interaction with multimodal metaphor and the RESULT FOR ACTION multimodal metonymy. It is proposed that the picture acts as an attention-grabber, but that meaning inference results from the interaction of the language and the picture, i.e., multimodality.
{"title":"LANGUAGE-PICTURE INTERACTION IN ADVERTISEMENTS: A MULTIMODAL APPROACH","authors":"Sonja Filipović Kovačević Filipović Kovačević","doi":"10.31902/fll.40.2022.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31902/fll.40.2022.12","url":null,"abstract":"This article studies interesting print advertisements, i.e., those with intriguing pictures, which are viewed here as types of multimodal discourse with an implicit transfer of meaning. It proposes that the advertisements have a unique surface structure, involving concise verbal and unexpected visual elements in interaction, which at the cognitive level prompt multimodal metaphors and metonymies used for inferring meaning. The aims are 1) to show that the intended meaning mainly stems from the interaction of two modes, i.e., language and picture, 2) to specify the dominating types of verbo-visual interaction, and 3) to point to the use of multimodal metaphor and metonymy as the main cognitive structures underlying the carefully designed structure of creative advertisements. Five common types of verbo-visual interaction are identified, whereby surface, i.e., verbo-visual and cognitive dimensions in creating meaning are unified. The specified types of verbal and visual elements in interaction are based on the notion of the level of verbal figurativeness and the visual creative continuum, rather than the notion of rhetorical figures. The article detects the typical functions of multimodal metaphor and metonymy and particularly stresses the role of multimodal metonymy in interaction with multimodal metaphor and the RESULT FOR ACTION multimodal metonymy. It is proposed that the picture acts as an attention-grabber, but that meaning inference results from the interaction of the language and the picture, i.e., multimodality.","PeriodicalId":40358,"journal":{"name":"Folia Linguistica et Litteraria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45752417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Even for those who do not work directly in the field of languages, the Council of Europe and its language policies have had a significant and wide-ranging influence on the lives of millions of Europeans since the end of the Second World War. In her first monograph, Les langues en débat dans une Europe en projet [Language debates in the making of Europe], the sociolinguist Zorana Sokolovska, assistant professor at the University of Fribourg in Switzerland, delves into the relevant supranational debates and discussions that have shaped the Council of Europe and its language policies between 1949 and 2008. In addition to using sociolinguistic approaches, Sokolovska also integrates insights from anthropology and discourse analysis to highlight the fundamental role that the Council of Europe has played in creating and promoting a common European identity through the prisms of language and plurilingualism. Separated into six chapters, together with an introduction and conclusion, the book is based on the author’s doctoral thesis, which received the 2017 dissertation prize awarded by the European Parliamentary Association.
{"title":"ZORANA SOKOLOVSKA: LES LANGUES EN DÉBAT DANS UNE EUROPE EN PROJET","authors":"Antony Hoyte-West","doi":"10.31902/fll.40.2022.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31902/fll.40.2022.21","url":null,"abstract":"Even for those who do not work directly in the field of languages, the Council of Europe and its language policies have had a significant and wide-ranging influence on the lives of millions of Europeans since the end of the Second World War. In her first monograph, Les langues en débat dans une Europe en projet [Language debates in the making of Europe], the sociolinguist Zorana Sokolovska, assistant professor at the University of Fribourg in Switzerland, delves into the relevant supranational debates and discussions that have shaped the Council of Europe and its language policies between 1949 and 2008. In addition to using sociolinguistic approaches, Sokolovska also integrates insights from anthropology and discourse analysis to highlight the fundamental role that the Council of Europe has played in creating and promoting a common European identity through the prisms of language and plurilingualism. Separated into six chapters, together with an introduction and conclusion, the book is based on the author’s doctoral thesis, which received the 2017 dissertation prize awarded by the European Parliamentary Association.","PeriodicalId":40358,"journal":{"name":"Folia Linguistica et Litteraria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45807507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, foreign language textbooks are interpreted from a social constructivist perspective, as sociocultural products that contain not only specific subject knowledge, but also social norms, cultural values and ideologies (Curdt-Christiansen 2). From the point of view of critical discourse analysis ideology is a construct based upon assumptions and beliefs that reinforce, reproduce and legitimate asymmetrical power relations between different social groups. In line with this, we employ CDA to examine the presence of patriarchal ideologies in the depiction of the private sphere in a corpus composed of five textbooks of Italian as a Foreign Language and four textbooks of Serbian as a Foreign Language. Since the issue of patriarchal legacy in FL textbooks in previous research is primarily addressed in relation to English FL textbooks, one of the objectives of the present study is to shed a light on Italian FL textbooks that are insufficiently explored, and to compare them to Serbian FL textbooks, that are especially relevant as they were until now never approached from the perspective of gender. All the textbooks are employed in the specific educational context of foreign language teaching and learning in the post-secondary education in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The importance of the critical analysis of FL textbooks is emphasized because foreign language acquisition includes not only the development of communicative competence in the target language, but also represents a complex process of acculturation, during which students learn and incorporate the cultural values and customs of other countries. In this vein, we argue that FL textbooks used in class should not contain outdated gender stereotypes that convey the message that Italy and Serbia are places where patriarchal cultural values and inequalities are commonly accepted as undisputed societal norms; instead, it is argued that textbooks should promote a more emancipatory discourse and support the transformation of traditional gender roles that has occurred in the past decades in both Serbian and Italian society.
{"title":"THE (DE)CONSTRUCTION OF PATRIARCHAL VALUES IN TEXTBOOKS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ITALIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE AND SERBIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEXTBOOKS","authors":"Nataša D. Vučenović","doi":"10.31902/fll.40.2022.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31902/fll.40.2022.19","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, foreign language textbooks are interpreted from a social constructivist perspective, as sociocultural products that contain not only specific subject knowledge, but also social norms, cultural values and ideologies (Curdt-Christiansen 2). From the point of view of critical discourse analysis ideology is a construct based upon assumptions and beliefs that reinforce, reproduce and legitimate asymmetrical power relations between different social groups. In line with this, we employ CDA to examine the presence of patriarchal ideologies in the depiction of the private sphere in a corpus composed of five textbooks of Italian as a Foreign Language and four textbooks of Serbian as a Foreign Language. Since the issue of patriarchal legacy in FL textbooks in previous research is primarily addressed in relation to English FL textbooks, one of the objectives of the present study is to shed a light on Italian FL textbooks that are insufficiently explored, and to compare them to Serbian FL textbooks, that are especially relevant as they were until now never approached from the perspective of gender. All the textbooks are employed in the specific educational context of foreign language teaching and learning in the post-secondary education in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The importance of the critical analysis of FL textbooks is emphasized because foreign language acquisition includes not only the development of communicative competence in the target language, but also represents a complex process of acculturation, during which students learn and incorporate the cultural values and customs of other countries. In this vein, we argue that FL textbooks used in class should not contain outdated gender stereotypes that convey the message that Italy and Serbia are places where patriarchal cultural values and inequalities are commonly accepted as undisputed societal norms; instead, it is argued that textbooks should promote a more emancipatory discourse and support the transformation of traditional gender roles that has occurred in the past decades in both Serbian and Italian society.","PeriodicalId":40358,"journal":{"name":"Folia Linguistica et Litteraria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41690418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Modernist writers such as Katherine Anne Porter were preoccupied with primitivism as opposed to the technological achievements of contemporary society. The deep fascination of the modernists with primitivist tendencies relies mainly on the relationship between art and everyday life, as well as on their desire to escape modern civilization and become one with nature. Aesthetic primitivism based on the artistic expression of the Mexican Indians captured Porter’s attention during her literary career. This article explores the idea of primitivism and civilization in the short stories “María Concepción” and “Virgin Violeta” by Porter. It also traces the influence of Mexico on both the author’s artistic development and her comprehension of the concepts of the primitive and the modern. Focusing on two protagonists, María Concepción and Violeta, as the characters who approach the old and the new in different ways, the article argues that the effects that modern civilization exerts on the human mind can be dramatic. Both heroines seek refuge from the problems in their innermost selves, but only María Concepción embraces primitivism as a way of life. Porter’s emphasis on primitivism can be interpreted as either a means of self-distancing from the prescribed standards of behavior or of following natural instincts.
{"title":"THE CONFLICT BETWEEN PRIMITIVISM AND CIVILIZATION IN KATHERINE ANNE PORTER’S CHARACTERS MARÍA CONCEPCIÓN AND VIOLETA","authors":"Dijana Mirković","doi":"10.31902/fll.40.2022.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31902/fll.40.2022.6","url":null,"abstract":"Modernist writers such as Katherine Anne Porter were preoccupied with primitivism as opposed to the technological achievements of contemporary society. The deep fascination of the modernists with primitivist tendencies relies mainly on the relationship between art and everyday life, as well as on their desire to escape modern civilization and become one with nature. Aesthetic primitivism based on the artistic expression of the Mexican Indians captured Porter’s attention during her literary career. This article explores the idea of primitivism and civilization in the short stories “María Concepción” and “Virgin Violeta” by Porter. It also traces the influence of Mexico on both the author’s artistic development and her comprehension of the concepts of the primitive and the modern. Focusing on two protagonists, María Concepción and Violeta, as the characters who approach the old and the new in different ways, the article argues that the effects that modern civilization exerts on the human mind can be dramatic. Both heroines seek refuge from the problems in their innermost selves, but only María Concepción embraces primitivism as a way of life. Porter’s emphasis on primitivism can be interpreted as either a means of self-distancing from the prescribed standards of behavior or of following natural instincts.","PeriodicalId":40358,"journal":{"name":"Folia Linguistica et Litteraria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46157966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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