This paper analyzes female characters in two early works by Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky– Poor Folk (1845, Bednye liudi) and The Double (1846, Dvoinik). It considers the literary methods used to represent those characters, as well as their relation to the male main character and some aspects of gender construction in these works. It is shown that the importance of female characters in these two works is directly connected with their (real or imagined) influence on the male main character. Consequently, a female character can play an important role in the novel even if she doesn’t personally appear in it. Women are fatal for both male characters, albeit for different reasons. Drawing on the research of Neuhäuser (1979), this article shows some further similarities in the basic structure of both works. They share the form of a love affair accompanied by intertextual references, as well as a narrated previous relationship of the male character, both of them serving as an additional explanation of the current love affair. The epistolary form of Poor Folk leads to self-representation being the main way of showing Varvara Dobroselova’s character, while Klara Olsuf’evna of The Double is depicted both from the perspective of the auctorial first-person narrator, as well as from Goliadkin’s perspective. The auctorial narrator of The Double ironizes not only Klara Olsuf’evna, but also other characters and social practices of the Petersburg society. The internal monologues and the free indirect speech of Goliadkin, however, show signs of a negative, even misogynistic attitude towards the character of Karolina Ivanovna and partially also to Klara Olsuf’evna. Lastly, Poor Folk introduces themes to Dostoevsky’s work, which occupy him until the end of his life and manifest themselves in their more recognizable form in his later works.
{"title":"http://www.folia.ac.me/image/38/Dora%20Kelemen.pdf","authors":"D. Kelemen","doi":"10.31902/fll.38.2021.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31902/fll.38.2021.12","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes female characters in two early works by Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky– Poor Folk (1845, Bednye liudi) and The Double (1846, Dvoinik). It considers the literary methods used to represent those characters, as well as their relation to the male main character and some aspects of gender construction in these works. It is shown that the importance of female characters in these two works is directly connected with their (real or imagined) influence on the male main character. Consequently, a female character can play an important role in the novel even if she doesn’t personally appear in it. Women are fatal for both male characters, albeit for different reasons. Drawing on the research of Neuhäuser (1979), this article shows some further similarities in the basic structure of both works. They share the form of a love affair accompanied by intertextual references, as well as a narrated previous relationship of the male character, both of them serving as an additional explanation of the current love affair. The epistolary form of Poor Folk leads to self-representation being the main way of showing Varvara Dobroselova’s character, while Klara Olsuf’evna of The Double is depicted both from the perspective of the auctorial first-person narrator, as well as from Goliadkin’s perspective. The auctorial narrator of The Double ironizes not only Klara Olsuf’evna, but also other characters and social practices of the Petersburg society. The internal monologues and the free indirect speech of Goliadkin, however, show signs of a negative, even misogynistic attitude towards the character of Karolina Ivanovna and partially also to Klara Olsuf’evna. Lastly, Poor Folk introduces themes to Dostoevsky’s work, which occupy him until the end of his life and manifest themselves in their more recognizable form in his later works.","PeriodicalId":40358,"journal":{"name":"Folia Linguistica et Litteraria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48182750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper analyzes three translations of a fragment of Ingeborg Bachmann’s libretto for Hans Werner Henze’s ballet, The Idiot. Bachmann’s libretto is based on Dostoevsky’s novel, but it also expresses crucial themes of her own poetry, which is underlined by the fact that the text was integrated into her book of poems, Invocation of the Great Bear. Following the transfer-oriented approach of the Göttingen School of translation research, first, the semantic structure of the source text is examined, after which, the target texts are analyzed with regard to significant deviations, which are then explained against the backgrounds of literary, cultural and social-political history. The fact that Bachmann’s text refers back to Dostoevsky’s novel plays a not inconsiderable role in the choice of texts to be translated.
{"title":"„EIN MONOLOG DES FÜRSTEN MYSCHKIN1“ (NACH FEDOR DOSTOEVSKIJS ROMAN IDIOT) VON INGEBORG BACHMANN UND SEINE ÜBERTRAGUNGEN INS RUSSISCHE: ASPEKTE DER ÜBERSETZUNGSFORSCHUNG","authors":"Andrea Meyer-Fraaz","doi":"10.31902/fll.38.2021.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31902/fll.38.2021.2","url":null,"abstract":"The paper analyzes three translations of a fragment of Ingeborg Bachmann’s libretto for Hans Werner Henze’s ballet, The Idiot. Bachmann’s libretto is based on Dostoevsky’s novel, but it also expresses crucial themes of her own poetry, which is underlined by the fact that the text was integrated into her book of poems, Invocation of the Great Bear. Following the transfer-oriented approach of the Göttingen School of translation research, first, the semantic structure of the source text is examined, after which, the target texts are analyzed with regard to significant deviations, which are then explained against the backgrounds of literary, cultural and social-political history. The fact that Bachmann’s text refers back to Dostoevsky’s novel plays a not inconsiderable role in the choice of texts to be translated.","PeriodicalId":40358,"journal":{"name":"Folia Linguistica et Litteraria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44948557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper examines the presentation of the life and works of Peter II Petrović Njegoš in Italian travelogues published on the occasion of the royal wedding which united the dynasties of Savoy and Petrović in 1896. At that time, a large quantity of travelogues about Montenegro were published in Italian, surpassing the number of those that had been published over the previous two centuries. These books offer rich material for studying the ways in which important figures in Montenegrin history and culture, such as Njegoš, were presented to an Italian readership, as well as for determining the function that these representations had. A thematic approach to these books enables an insight into the discourse that these authors adhered to in their effort to introduce the Italians to one of the famous ancestors of their future queen.
{"title":"PETAR II PETROVIĆ NJEGOŠ U PUTOPISIMA NA ITALIJANSKOM JEZIKU\u0000PETAR II PETROVIĆ NJEGOŠ IN ITALIAN TRAVELOGUES","authors":"O. Popović","doi":"10.31902/fll.37.2021.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31902/fll.37.2021.5","url":null,"abstract":"The paper examines the presentation of the life and works of Peter II Petrović Njegoš in Italian travelogues published on the occasion of the royal wedding which united the dynasties of Savoy and Petrović in 1896. At that time, a large quantity of travelogues about Montenegro were published in Italian, surpassing the number of those that had been published over the previous two centuries. These books offer rich material for studying the ways in which important figures in Montenegrin history and culture, such as Njegoš, were presented to an Italian readership, as well as for determining the function that these representations had. A thematic approach to these books enables an insight into the discourse that these authors adhered to in their effort to introduce the Italians to one of the famous ancestors of their future queen.","PeriodicalId":40358,"journal":{"name":"Folia Linguistica et Litteraria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48232054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The goal of this paper is to highlight the linguistic studies of Njegoš’s “The Mountain Wreath” that have been carried out so far, but also to generate interest in this topic among new generations and to serve as the basis for future linguistic research.
{"title":"LINGVISTIČKA PROUČAVANJA NJEGOŠEVOG „GORSKOG VIJENCA”\u0000LINGUISTIC STUDIES OF NJEGOŠ’S WORK “THE MOUNTAIN WREATH”","authors":"Miodarka Tepavčević","doi":"10.31902/fll.37.2021.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31902/fll.37.2021.9","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this paper is to highlight the linguistic studies of Njegoš’s “The Mountain Wreath” that have been carried out so far, but also to generate interest in this topic among new generations and to serve as the basis for future linguistic research.","PeriodicalId":40358,"journal":{"name":"Folia Linguistica et Litteraria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48709000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article aims at the comprehensive analysis of the phraseological level of the Njegos’ poem Stephen the Little. The idioms of the poems have been organized into eight phraseological genres, based on the author's classification already applied to the text of The Mountain Wreath. The author has illustrated each genre with the appropriate examples, as well as their syntactic, semantic, and stylistic features. The high frequency and stylistic diversity of the phraseology of the poem prove the importance of researching its phraseological units in the overall assessment of the poet's idiolect and idio style. This paper, also, highlights the importance of researching the phraseology of Njegos’ works for the study of the overall phraseology of the Serbian language in its diachrony and synchrony, bearing in mind the high share of dialectal and archaic idioms. Moreover, some attested idioms present evidence of old ethnocultural concepts that have been verbalized and preserved in the language of the era, so their reconstruction is valuable for other humanities, as well. The author emphasizes the importance of studying Njegos' phraseology in the Slavic context on the examples of the reconstruction of the meaning of certain archaic idioms.
{"title":"ФРАЗЕОЛОШКИ ЖАНРОВИ У ШЋЕПАНУ МАЛОМ (У ПОРЕЂЕЊУ СА ГОРСКИМ ВИЈЕНЦЕМ)\u0000PHRASEOLOGICAL GENRES IN STEPHEN THE LITTLE (COMPARED TO THE MOUNTAIN WREATH)","authors":"Ana Pejanović","doi":"10.31902/fll.37.2021.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31902/fll.37.2021.7","url":null,"abstract":"The article aims at the comprehensive analysis of the phraseological level of the Njegos’ poem Stephen the Little. The idioms of the poems have been organized into eight phraseological genres, based on the author's classification already applied to the text of The Mountain Wreath. The author has illustrated each genre with the appropriate examples, as well as their syntactic, semantic, and stylistic features. The high frequency and stylistic diversity of the phraseology of the poem prove the importance of researching its phraseological units in the overall assessment of the poet's idiolect and idio style. This paper, also, highlights the importance of researching the phraseology of Njegos’ works for the study of the overall phraseology of the Serbian language in its diachrony and synchrony, bearing in mind the high share of dialectal and archaic idioms. Moreover, some attested idioms present evidence of old ethnocultural concepts that have been verbalized and preserved in the language of the era, so their reconstruction is valuable for other humanities, as well. The author emphasizes the importance of studying Njegos' phraseology in the Slavic context on the examples of the reconstruction of the meaning of certain archaic idioms.","PeriodicalId":40358,"journal":{"name":"Folia Linguistica et Litteraria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44601628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although travelogue is a marginalized literary genre, its role in imagological research is enormous and it cannot be disputed that as a media for studying relations between cultures, it mediated vast knowledge and information that was often taken as the only authoritative one. German travel writings of the 19th century about Montenegro were very scarce until Petar II Petrović Njegoš came to power, and with the change of government in Montenegro, the attitude of foreigners towards it also changed, so travel writers from Germany headed to this South Slavic country. Translations played a great role in arousing the interest of German writers, especially the translation of Karadžić's work "Montenegro and Montenegrins", but also the visit of the Saxon King Frederick Augustus II. The time of Njegoš's rule can be considered the blooming of German travel literature about Montenegro and the time when closer ties were established between these two cultures, which will affect the situation after Njegoš's death, when the most important travel writers of the 19th century came to Montenegro from the German-speaking area. In the German travelogues of Njegoš's time, the writers dealt with numerous topics that clearly reflected the image of the other and not all had the same approach and view of certain phenomena in Montenegrin society. However, the personality of the Montenegrin ruler united them and they all wrote hymns about Njegoš, without exception. He was the personification of kindness and hospitality, erudition and wisdom, masculine beauty and prudence in the German travelogues of his time, he was a reformer and an enlightener, and in every respect he was a symbol of progress.
{"title":"NJEGOŠ U NJEMAČKIM PUTOPISIMA SVOGA DOBA\u0000NJEGOŠ IN GERMAN TRAVELOGUES OF HIS TIME","authors":"Ana Minić","doi":"10.31902/fll.37.2021.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31902/fll.37.2021.6","url":null,"abstract":"Although travelogue is a marginalized literary genre, its role in imagological research is enormous and it cannot be disputed that as a media for studying relations between cultures, it mediated vast knowledge and information that was often taken as the only authoritative one. German travel writings of the 19th century about Montenegro were very scarce until Petar II Petrović Njegoš came to power, and with the change of government in Montenegro, the attitude of foreigners towards it also changed, so travel writers from Germany headed to this South Slavic country. Translations played a great role in arousing the interest of German writers, especially the translation of Karadžić's work \"Montenegro and Montenegrins\", but also the visit of the Saxon King Frederick Augustus II. The time of Njegoš's rule can be considered the blooming of German travel literature about Montenegro and the time when closer ties were established between these two cultures, which will affect the situation after Njegoš's death, when the most important travel writers of the 19th century came to Montenegro from the German-speaking area. In the German travelogues of Njegoš's time, the writers dealt with numerous topics that clearly reflected the image of the other and not all had the same approach and view of certain phenomena in Montenegrin society. However, the personality of the Montenegrin ruler united them and they all wrote hymns about Njegoš, without exception. He was the personification of kindness and hospitality, erudition and wisdom, masculine beauty and prudence in the German travelogues of his time, he was a reformer and an enlightener, and in every respect he was a symbol of progress.","PeriodicalId":40358,"journal":{"name":"Folia Linguistica et Litteraria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45123749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One hundred and seventy years after the death of Petar II Petrovic Njegos, and one hundred and ninety years since he was elected as the head of the Montenegrin state, and, therefore, since the establishment of the Montenegrin Senate, are all the reasons and an important occasion for returning to the written material of the Montenegrin Senate in this paper. The paper is part of a broader linguistic analysis of the documentation of the central and highest state authority in 19th -century Montenegro. It represents an orthographic analysis of the original documents of the Montenegrin Senate (formed at the beginning of the rule of Njegos – 1831) – both as the addresser and the addressee. Specifically, we followed the written reflection of consonant contacts at the morpheme boundaries within words, as well as consonant contacts at the junctions of individual words. Given the number of correspondents of the epistolary communication of the Montenegrin Senate, our analysis reveals the segments of collective orthographic practice from that period in Montenegro. The conclusions about the collective orthographic practice of one period are based on the process of monitoring the spelling procedures of individuals of different literacy levels. In spite of their limitations and, therefore, the limitations of the analysis, it provided the material that helped us discern a collective orthographic trait – a considerable inconsistency in the orthography of consonant groups at the morpheme boundaries within words and relative stability in their orthography at the junction of individual words: in the orthography of consonant groups at the morpheme boundaries within words, two ways of writing are dominant – morphological and phonological, while in the orthography of consonant groups at the junctions of separate words, the morphological principle is mostly established. The same type of orthographic instability was mainly characteristic of the literary expression of the 19th century. This is observable in the comparison of the recorded situation with the data about the orthography of Njegos and with the data on the orthographic procedures of other writers of the time in Montenegro.
Petar II Petrovic Njegos去世一百七十年后，以及他被选为黑山国家元首一百九十年后（因此，自黑山参议院成立以来），都是本文回到黑山参议院书面材料的原因和重要场合。这篇论文是对19世纪黑山中央和最高国家权力机构的文献进行更广泛的语言学分析的一部分。它代表了对黑山参议院（形成于Njegos统治之初——1831年）原始文件的正字法分析——作为发件人和收件人。具体来说，我们遵循了单词内语素边界处辅音接触的书面反映，以及单个单词连接处的辅音接触。考虑到黑山参议院书信通信的通讯员数量，我们的分析揭示了黑山那个时期集体正字法实践的片段。关于一个时期集体拼写练习的结论是基于对不同识字水平的个人拼写过程的监测。尽管它们的局限性以及因此分析的局限性，它提供的材料帮助我们辨别出一种集体的拼写特征&单词内词素边界的辅音组的拼写相当不一致，而单个单词连接处的辅音组拼写相对稳定：，两种书写方式占主导地位&词形和音韵，而在单独单词连接处的辅音组的拼写中，词形原则大多得到了确立。同样类型的正字法不稳定性是19世纪文学表达的主要特征。通过将记录的情况与Njegos正字法的数据以及黑山当时其他作家的正字法数据进行比较，可以看出这一点。
{"title":"О НЕКИМ ОРТОГРАФСКИМ ОДЛИКАМА ПИСАНЕ ГРАЂЕ ИЗ 19. ВИЈЕКА (ИЛУСТРАЦИЈЕ И КОМЕНТАРИ) / ON SOME ORTHOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WRITTEN MATERIAL FROM THE 19TH CENTURY (ILLUSTRATIONS AND COMMENTS)","authors":"Sanja Šubarić","doi":"10.31902/fll.37.2021.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31902/fll.37.2021.8","url":null,"abstract":"One hundred and seventy years after the death of Petar II Petrovic Njegos, and one hundred and ninety years since he was elected as the head of the Montenegrin state, and, therefore, since the establishment of the Montenegrin Senate, are all the reasons and an important occasion for returning to the written material of the Montenegrin Senate in this paper. The paper is part of a broader linguistic analysis of the documentation of the central and highest state authority in 19th -century Montenegro. It represents an orthographic analysis of the original documents of the Montenegrin Senate (formed at the beginning of the rule of Njegos – 1831) – both as the addresser and the addressee. Specifically, we followed the written reflection of consonant contacts at the morpheme boundaries within words, as well as consonant contacts at the junctions of individual words. Given the number of correspondents of the epistolary communication of the Montenegrin Senate, our analysis reveals the segments of collective orthographic practice from that period in Montenegro. The conclusions about the collective orthographic practice of one period are based on the process of monitoring the spelling procedures of individuals of different literacy levels. In spite of their limitations and, therefore, the limitations of the analysis, it provided the material that helped us discern a collective orthographic trait – a considerable inconsistency in the orthography of consonant groups at the morpheme boundaries within words and relative stability in their orthography at the junction of individual words: in the orthography of consonant groups at the morpheme boundaries within words, two ways of writing are dominant – morphological and phonological, while in the orthography of consonant groups at the junctions of separate words, the morphological principle is mostly established. The same type of orthographic instability was mainly characteristic of the literary expression of the 19th century. This is observable in the comparison of the recorded situation with the data about the orthography of Njegos and with the data on the orthographic procedures of other writers of the time in Montenegro.","PeriodicalId":40358,"journal":{"name":"Folia Linguistica et Litteraria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44218275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article discusses the circumstances in which Niccolò Tommaseo, an Italian writer of Dalmatian origin, included three poems from the Montenegrin literary periodical Grlica (1835-1839) in his collection of Italian translations of “Illyrian” folk poetry (Canti illirici, 1842), published in Venice. In this regard, the research pointed to the mediating role of the German romantic poet Heinrich Stieglitz, author of a travel book about Montenegro (Ein Besuch auf Montenegro, 1841). In the autumn of 1839, Stieglitz visited the Montenegrin Metropolitan and poet Peter II Petrović Njegoš in Cetinje, wherefrom he presumably brought copies of this first Montenegrin periodical to Venice. Also discussed is the possible influence that Tommasseo’s activities on collecting South Slavic folk poetry in Dalmatia had on the creation of the anthology of epic poems Serbian Mirror, which Njegoš composed after his first meeting with Tommaseo in January 1844.
本文讨论了Niccolò Tommaseo，一位意大利达尔马提亚裔作家，将黑山文学期刊Grlica(1835-1839)中的三首诗收录在他在威尼斯出版的“伊利里亚”民间诗歌意大利语翻译集(Canti illiici, 1842)中的情况。在这方面，研究指出了德国浪漫主义诗人Heinrich Stieglitz的中介作用，他是一本关于黑山的旅行书的作者(Ein Besuch auf Montenegro, 1841)。1839年秋，斯蒂格利茨在采蒂涅拜访了黑山大都会和诗人彼得二世·彼得罗维奇·恩杰戈斯，大概就是从那里他把黑山的第一本期刊带到了威尼斯。还讨论了托马塞奥在达尔马提亚收集南斯拉夫民间诗歌的活动对史诗选集《塞尔维亚镜》创作的可能影响，这是恩杰戈斯在1844年1月与托马塞奥第一次见面后创作的。
{"title":"CRNOGORSKE PJESME U TOMAZEOVIM PJESMAMA ILIRSKIM\u0000MONTENEGRIN POEMS IN TOMMASEO’S ILLYRIAN POEMS","authors":"Vesna Kilibarda","doi":"10.31902/fll.37.2021.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31902/fll.37.2021.2","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the circumstances in which Niccolò Tommaseo, an Italian writer of Dalmatian origin, included three poems from the Montenegrin literary periodical Grlica (1835-1839) in his collection of Italian translations of “Illyrian” folk poetry (Canti illirici, 1842), published in Venice. In this regard, the research pointed to the mediating role of the German romantic poet Heinrich Stieglitz, author of a travel book about Montenegro (Ein Besuch auf Montenegro, 1841). In the autumn of 1839, Stieglitz visited the Montenegrin Metropolitan and poet Peter II Petrović Njegoš in Cetinje, wherefrom he presumably brought copies of this first Montenegrin periodical to Venice. Also discussed is the possible influence that Tommasseo’s activities on collecting South Slavic folk poetry in Dalmatia had on the creation of the anthology of epic poems Serbian Mirror, which Njegoš composed after his first meeting with Tommaseo in January 1844.","PeriodicalId":40358,"journal":{"name":"Folia Linguistica et Litteraria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46922019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Science has not yet written the last word when it comes to the complexity of the work and personality of Peter II Petrovic Njegos. His existence marked a short segment of Montenegrin history (1813-1851), but he established himself as an inviolable beacon of Montenegrin and South Slavic cultural heritage. The cultural-memorial reflection of Njegoš's oeuvre must include considerations at various levels. It embraces the role that his texts and political activity play in the formation of the national tradition, the relation of fictional discourse to the national past, the relation of the literary text to the cultural constructions of national identity, consideration of the representational role of the literary text as a constitutive part of the culture as a whole, problems of critical and historical literary canonization, etc. On the one hand, interpretation of Njegoš's legacy allows us to get a complete picture of the peculiarities of his poetic code. On the other hand, it enables us to see his work as a cultural-memory matrix without which it is impossible to imagine the coordinates of Montenegrin cultural identity. Within such research, the uniqueness of what was said gains its entire meaning through a network of attitudes towards language, tradition, ideology. On the intersections of these networks are projected many symbols fused into a matrix of timeless paradigms, i.e., all ethical, aesthetic, poetic categories and identity patterns contained in the whole of Njegoš's legacy. Although each of Njegoš's texts represents an ideologically and thematically independent semantic whole, by carefully reading his entire legacy, we come across intersection points, which opens the possibility of chaining the meaning and expanding the reference planes of the semantic constituents of the text.
{"title":"NJEGOŠOLOGIJA – NEPROLAZNI IZAZOVI NOVIH TUMAČENJA\u0000NJEGOSHOLOGY - AN IMPERISHABLE CHALLENGE OF NEW INTERPRETATIONS","authors":"Vesna Vukićević-Janković","doi":"10.31902/fll.37.2021.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31902/fll.37.2021.3","url":null,"abstract":"Science has not yet written the last word when it comes to the complexity of the work and personality of Peter II Petrovic Njegos. His existence marked a short segment of Montenegrin history (1813-1851), but he established himself as an inviolable beacon of Montenegrin and South Slavic cultural heritage. The cultural-memorial reflection of Njegoš's oeuvre must include considerations at various levels. It embraces the role that his texts and political activity play in the formation of the national tradition, the relation of fictional discourse to the national past, the relation of the literary text to the cultural constructions of national identity, consideration of the representational role of the literary text as a constitutive part of the culture as a whole, problems of critical and historical literary canonization, etc. On the one hand, interpretation of Njegoš's legacy allows us to get a complete picture of the peculiarities of his poetic code. On the other hand, it enables us to see his work as a cultural-memory matrix without which it is impossible to imagine the coordinates of Montenegrin cultural identity. Within such research, the uniqueness of what was said gains its entire meaning through a network of attitudes towards language, tradition, ideology. On the intersections of these networks are projected many symbols fused into a matrix of timeless paradigms, i.e., all ethical, aesthetic, poetic categories and identity patterns contained in the whole of Njegoš's legacy. Although each of Njegoš's texts represents an ideologically and thematically independent semantic whole, by carefully reading his entire legacy, we come across intersection points, which opens the possibility of chaining the meaning and expanding the reference planes of the semantic constituents of the text.","PeriodicalId":40358,"journal":{"name":"Folia Linguistica et Litteraria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49166606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For many researchers who deal with the domain of literary and theoretical thought the lyrical component of Njegoš's literary work The Mountain Wreath is interesting for a number of reasons. Naimely, the epoch of Romanticism created the predomination of lyric poetry as a type of poetry which became a concept and a criterion of one's creative endeavor. However, it was in the period of Romanticism that Njegoš decided to create a dramatic epic, but with recognisable lyrical qualities. The elements of lyrisation are highly pointed out in the literary work and have the purposeful function – to highlight the emotionality of certain individuals, the members of heroic community, to represent the relation toward a woman and her presentation as well as her beauty as a specific cultural layer but also to contribute to the comprehension of folkloristic features through the prism which is more subtle than epic and more poetically concrete than dramatic. Therefore, the lyrical places in The Mountain Wreath present broader, typological and cultural spread given throughout the scenes of the ''kolo'', descriptions of the beauty of woman, the dream of Vuk Mandušić but also through the lyrical and sacral, sometimes even humoristic (depending on the purpose and aim) relation towards weapons, beliefs, poems, ''gusle'', other cultures, jokes, dreams and future.
{"title":"LIRSKA PARADIGMA NJEGOŠEVOG DJELA GORSKI VIJENAC\u0000THE LYRICAL PARADIGM OF NJEGOŠ'S LITERARY WORK THE MOUNTAIN WREATH","authors":"Olga Vojičić-Komatina","doi":"10.31902/fll.37.2021.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31902/fll.37.2021.4","url":null,"abstract":"For many researchers who deal with the domain of literary and theoretical thought the lyrical component of Njegoš's literary work The Mountain Wreath is interesting for a number of reasons. Naimely, the epoch of Romanticism created the predomination of lyric poetry as a type of poetry which became a concept and a criterion of one's creative endeavor. However, it was in the period of Romanticism that Njegoš decided to create a dramatic epic, but with recognisable lyrical qualities. The elements of lyrisation are highly pointed out in the literary work and have the purposeful function – to highlight the emotionality of certain individuals, the members of heroic community, to represent the relation toward a woman and her presentation as well as her beauty as a specific cultural layer but also to contribute to the comprehension of folkloristic features through the prism which is more subtle than epic and more poetically concrete than dramatic. Therefore, the lyrical places in The Mountain Wreath present broader, typological and cultural spread given throughout the scenes of the ''kolo'', descriptions of the beauty of woman, the dream of Vuk Mandušić but also through the lyrical and sacral, sometimes even humoristic (depending on the purpose and aim) relation towards weapons, beliefs, poems, ''gusle'', other cultures, jokes, dreams and future.","PeriodicalId":40358,"journal":{"name":"Folia Linguistica et Litteraria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46168020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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