Progress in Materials Science最新文献_第7页

Tailoring interfacial chemistry of aluminum alloy anodes for high-performance aqueous aluminum-ion batteries 用于高性能铝离子电池的铝合金阳极的界面化学

IF 4 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Materials Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2025.101611

Jieming Chen , Xue Peng , Huilin Zhang , Ling Kang , Seong Chan Jun , Yusuke Yamauchi , Shude Liu

Aqueous aluminum-ion batteries (AAIBs) hold significant promise for large-scale energy storage due to the high volumetric and gravimetric capacities of metallic aluminum, as well as its abundance and environmental benignity. However, their practical implementation is hindered by the low redox potential of aluminum, parasitic hydrogen evolution, and the formation of passivation layers at the anode–electrolyte interface. Aluminum alloys have emerged as promising anode candidates, offering enhanced corrosion resistance, reduced passivation and improved interfacial stability, enabling more reversible and stable electrochemical performance. Nevertheless, alloy anodes still face suboptimal cycling stability, primarily due to large volumetric and structural changes during charge–discharge processes, which induce mechanical degradation and exacerbate interfacial side reactions. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the interfacial chemistry of aluminum alloy anodes for AAIBs. It first outlines the fundamental energy storage mechanisms and summarizes the key issues of alloy-based anodes. Afterwards, the classification and physicochemical properties of different aluminum alloys are discussed, with emphasis on interfacial characteristics and mechanistic insights into their electrochemical behavior. Critical challenges are further analyzed, and rational design strategies are proposed to enhance performance. Finally, future directions of interfacial engineering are outlined to guide the development of aluminum alloy anodes for next-generation AAIBs.

水铝离子电池（AAIBs）由于金属铝的高体积和重量容量，以及它的丰度和环境友好性，在大规模储能方面具有重要的前景。然而，铝的低氧化还原电位、寄生析氢以及阳极-电解质界面钝化层的形成阻碍了它们的实际实施。铝合金已成为极有前途的阳极候选者，具有增强的耐腐蚀性，减少钝化和改善界面稳定性，实现更可逆和稳定的电化学性能。然而，合金阳极仍然面临着次优的循环稳定性，这主要是由于在充放电过程中体积和结构发生了很大的变化，从而导致机械降解并加剧了界面副反应。本文对aaib用铝合金阳极的界面化学进行了综述。首先概述了合金基阳极的基本储能机理，总结了合金基阳极的关键问题。然后，讨论了不同铝合金的分类和物理化学性质，重点讨论了界面特征和其电化学行为的机理。进一步分析了关键挑战，并提出了合理的设计策略以提高性能。最后，展望了界面工程的发展方向，以指导下一代aaib铝合金阳极的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Emergence of deep eutectic solvents (DES): chemistry, preparation, properties, and applications in biorefineries and critical materials 深共晶溶剂（DES）的出现：化学、制备、性质及其在生物精炼厂和关键材料中的应用

IF 4 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Materials Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2025.101586

Karthik Ananth Mani , Lokesh Kumar , Nelson Barrios , Sachin Agate , Ashutosh Mittal , John Yarbrough , Hasan Jameel , Lucian Lucia , Lokendra Pal

The emergence of renewable deep eutectic solvents (DES) as clean and efficient catalysts and solvents has created new opportunities for lignocellulosic biorefineries and critical material sectors, including chemical, energy, pharmaceutical, textile, and hydrometallurgical industries. This review provides an in-depth overview of DES, covering their chemistry, classifications, preparation methods, processing characteristics, and recyclability, while highlighting their unique attributes and industry relevant applications. Emphasis is placed on the integration of DES into advanced biorefinery systems, focusing on their tunable physicochemical and thermodynamic properties for biomass pretreatment and the production of value-added products. The review explores how DES can be tuned for selective dissolution of biomass components and evaluates production and valorization of DES-derived biochemicals, with attention to lignin extraction mechanisms and conversion of biomass into bioproducts and biofuels. Beyond biorefineries, the scope extends to DES applications in electrochemical energy devices, where they serve as electrolytes, synthesis media for electrode materials, and leaching agents in battery recycling. The multifunctional roles of DES in pharmaceutical, hydrometallurgical, and textile sectors are also explored for contributions to sustainable processing. Finally, the review identifies future research directions, outlining benefits, challenges, and knowledge gaps, for continued industrial development.

可再生的深共晶溶剂（DES）作为清洁高效的催化剂和溶剂的出现，为木质纤维素生物炼制和关键材料行业，包括化学、能源、制药、纺织和湿法冶金行业创造了新的机遇。本文从DES的化学性质、分类、制备方法、加工特点、可回收性等方面对其进行了综述，重点介绍了DES的独特属性和行业应用。重点是将DES整合到先进的生物精炼系统中，重点是其可调的物理化学和热力学特性，用于生物质预处理和增值产品的生产。这篇综述探讨了如何将DES用于选择性溶解生物质成分，并评估了DES衍生生化物质的生产和增值，重点是木质素提取机制和生物质转化为生物产品和生物燃料。除生物精炼厂外，其应用范围还扩展到电化学能源设备中的DES应用，在这些设备中，DES用作电解质、电极材料的合成介质和电池回收中的浸出剂。还探讨了DES在制药、湿法冶金和纺织部门的多功能作用，以促进可持续加工。最后，该综述确定了未来的研究方向，概述了工业持续发展的好处、挑战和知识差距

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引用次数: 0

Revolutionary near-infrared phosphors with emerging structures and mechanisms driving next-generation applications 革命性的近红外荧光粉，具有新兴的结构和机制，推动下一代应用

IF 4 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Materials Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2025.101588

Kuan-Chun Chen, Shih-En Chen, Chuan-Fang Tsao, Yu-Chieh Huang, Ru-Shi Liu

Near-infrared (NIR) phosphors have emerged as critical components for next-generation optoelectronic devices, spanning biological windows NIR-I (650–950 nm), NIR-II (1000–1350 nm), and NIR-III (1500–1850 nm). This review aims to provide the evolution of NIR phosphor structures, luminescence mechanisms, and applications from fundamental crystal field theory to cutting-edge intervalence charge transfer processes. We systematically analyze activator systems including rare earth elements and transition metals, elucidating structure–property relationships through site engineering, cation substitution, and energy transfer mechanisms. Recent breakthroughs achieving high internal quantum efficiency and broadband emission demonstrate remarkable progress, especially in the NIR-II phosphor research field. Applications encompass plant growth lighting, artificial intelligence image recognition, spectroscopic analysis, and optical communication. Machine learning-accelerated discovery approaches now enable good prediction accuracy for new phosphor systems. This review provides design principles for high-performance NIR phosphors while identifying future opportunities in high-power laser diode light sources and biomedical applications, establishing a roadmap for next-generation NIR phosphor materials.

近红外（NIR）荧光粉已成为下一代光电器件的关键组件，涵盖生物窗口NIR- i(650-950 nm), NIR- ii（1000-1350 nm）和NIR- iii（1500-1850 nm）。本文综述了近红外荧光粉结构的演变、发光机制以及从基本晶体场理论到最新价间电荷转移过程的应用。我们系统地分析了包括稀土元素和过渡金属在内的激活剂体系，通过现场工程、阳离子取代和能量转移机制来阐明结构-性能关系。近年来在实现高内量子效率和宽带发射方面的突破，特别是在NIR-II荧光粉研究领域取得了显著进展。应用领域包括植物生长照明、人工智能图像识别、光谱分析和光通信。机器学习加速发现方法现在可以为新的荧光粉系统提供良好的预测精度。本综述提供了高性能近红外荧光粉的设计原则，同时确定了高功率激光二极管光源和生物医学应用的未来机会，并建立了下一代近红外荧光粉材料的路线图。

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引用次数: 0

Advances in structural engineering and electrochemical insights of MXene-based derivates for next generation micro-supercapacitor with tuneable ink, microelectrode design, and scalable manufacturing strategies 具有可调谐墨水、微电极设计和可扩展制造策略的下一代微型超级电容器的结构工程和电化学研究进展

IF 4 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Materials Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2025.101599

Jyoti Prakash Das , Vempuluru Navakoteswara Rao , Sang-Jae Kim

MXenes, an exceptional class of materials that are present in all dimension forms, have garnered significant interest owing to their enormous potential in electrochemical energy storage. The article encompasses different synthesis techniques and their effect on the structure, electrical properties, and surface properties of MXenes. We highlighted the recent development in composition optimization, surface engineering, and structure design has achieved remarkable device performance with reported specific capacitance values ranging from 100 to 1000 mF/cm². The application of machine learning to surface feature optimization and MXene structure prediction is also mentioned. Furthermore, the MXene mechanistic insights by operando and in situ characterization techniques such as in situ Raman spectroscopy, synchrotron XRD, and XANS is discussed. These methods explored the structure evolution, oxidation state, and charge transport upon operation. In short, we envision the integration of MXene with advanced techniques of electrode preparation like inkjet printing, screen printing, and additive manufacturing. These methods provide high-resolution, tuneable, and scalable patterning of electrodes and hence establish possibilities for applications in microsupercapacitors. The purpose of this review is to give a holistic picture of the design approaches of MXene properties by synthesis and processing techniques, and to describe the scaling from laboratory-scale concepts to energy storage applications.

MXenes是一种特殊的材料，存在于所有维度形式中，由于其在电化学能量存储方面的巨大潜力而引起了极大的兴趣。本文介绍了不同的合成技术及其对MXenes结构、电学性能和表面性能的影响。我们强调了最近在成分优化，表面工程和结构设计方面的发展，已经取得了显着的器件性能，报道的比电容值从100到1000 mF/cm2不等。介绍了机器学习在表面特征优化和MXene结构预测中的应用。此外，还讨论了operando的有效性和原位表征技术，如原位拉曼光谱、同步加速器XRD和XANS。这些方法探索了结构演化、氧化态和运行过程中的电荷输运。简而言之，我们设想将MXene与喷墨印刷、丝网印刷和增材制造等先进电极制备技术相结合。这些方法提供了高分辨率、可调谐和可扩展的电极图案，因此为微型超级电容器的应用奠定了可能性。本文综述了MXene性能的合成和加工技术的整体设计方法，并描述了从实验室规模的概念到储能应用的扩展。

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引用次数: 0

Printing 3D metallic structures through reduction processes: principle, approaches, and applications 通过还原过程打印3D金属结构：原理，方法和应用

IF 4 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Materials Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2025.101610

Guo Liang Goh , Samuel Zhuo Han Lee , Daniel Jee Seng Goh , Guo Dong Goh, Ernest Cheah, Wai Yee Yeong

3D printing holds significant promise for the fabrication of functional metal structures in various applications. This is made possible due to the unique properties of metals such as electrical conductivity, electrochemical activity, and catalytic behavior. However, existing methods are hampered by critical limitations. Traditional approaches often require high-temperature sintering and yield conductivities inferior to those of bulk metals. Similarly, existing direct writing techniques face challenges in achieving both fine feature control and high throughput, while mainstream metal 3D printing operates at resolutions too coarse for delicate electronics and metallic micro-/nanostructures. This review addresses these gaps by exploring reduction-based 3D printing strategies, where metal-containing precursors are directly transformed into conductive metals via reduction processes. By systematically examining five cutting-edge approaches, namely reactive ink printing, electroless plating of 3D printed structures, metal precursor printing followed by thermal reduction, in situ photoreduction-based laser fabrication, and electrochemical printing, this work elucidates the underlying reduction mechanisms, energetic considerations, and material behaviours that allows for the fabrication of metallic structures with either enhanced resolution, reduced thermal budget, or both. By unifying insights across these methods, the review outlines a roadmap for overcoming current limitations and advancing integration, resolution, and scalability in future applications of 3D-printed metallic materials.

3D打印在各种应用中为功能性金属结构的制造提供了巨大的希望。这是由于金属的独特性质，如导电性，电化学活性和催化行为。然而，现有的方法受到关键限制的阻碍。传统的方法通常需要高温烧结，并且屈服电导率低于大块金属。同样，现有的直接书写技术在实现精细特征控制和高吞吐量方面面临挑战，而主流金属3D打印的分辨率对于精密电子和金属微/纳米结构来说过于粗糙。本综述通过探索基于还原的3D打印策略来解决这些差距，其中含金属前体通过还原过程直接转化为导电金属。通过系统地研究五种前沿方法，即反应性油墨印刷、3D打印结构的化学镀、金属前驱体打印后的热还原、基于光还原的激光制造和电化学打印，本工作阐明了潜在的还原机制、能量考虑和材料行为，这些方法允许以提高分辨率、减少热预算或两者兼而有之的方式制造金属结构。通过统一这些方法的见解，该综述概述了克服当前限制的路线图，并在3d打印金属材料的未来应用中推进集成、分辨率和可扩展性

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引用次数: 0

Alkali-resistant nanofiltration membranes: materials, mechanisms, applications, and perspectives 耐碱纳滤膜：材料、机理、应用及展望

IF 4 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Materials Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2025.101589

Zai-Xu Nan , Jiang-Shan Xing , Xue-Li Cao , Shi-Peng Sun , Weihong Xing

Industrial alkaline solutions, characterized by complex compositions and large treatment volumes, pose significant challenges for purification and resource recovery. Nanofiltration (NF) offers an effective and economically advantageous for separating and purifying alkaline solutions. However, the polyamide layer of traditional NF membranes is susceptible to nucleophilic attack by OH^– ions in alkaline environments, causing performance degradation over time. Recent advancements in alkali-resistant NF membranes have demonstrated stable separation under such harsh conditions. Despite this progress, comprehensive analyses addressing monomer selection, design principles, preparation methods, process coupling, economic evaluation, and application requirements remain insufficiently addressed, creating confusion in membrane design, selection, and application. This paper provides a thorough overview of the materials and performance of current alkali-resistant NF membranes, delving into the underlying mechanisms of alkali resistance. Additionally, it summarizes the preparation techniques and industrial applications of these membranes, while also highlighting the broader application requirements. Finally, the paper outlines the challenges and future research directions of material upgrading and process optimization for alkali-resistant NF membranes. The goal is to provide valuable insights to guide further advancements in this field, paving the way for more efficient and durable membrane technologies for separation, purification and resource recovery of alkaline solutions.

工业碱性溶液组成复杂，处理量大，对其净化和资源回收提出了重大挑战。纳滤技术为分离和净化碱性溶液提供了一种既有效又经济的方法。然而，传统NF膜的聚酰胺层在碱性环境中容易受到OH -离子的亲核攻击，导致性能随着时间的推移而下降。耐碱滤膜的最新进展已经证明在这种恶劣条件下可以稳定分离。尽管取得了这些进展，但对单体选择、设计原则、制备方法、工艺耦合、经济评价和应用要求的综合分析仍然不够充分，这在膜的设计、选择和应用中造成了混乱。本文全面综述了目前耐碱纳滤膜的材料和性能，深入探讨了耐碱的潜在机制。此外，综述了这些膜的制备技术和工业应用，同时强调了更广泛的应用需求。最后，概述了耐碱纳滤膜在材料升级和工艺优化方面面临的挑战和未来的研究方向。目的是提供有价值的见解，以指导该领域的进一步发展，为更有效和耐用的膜技术的分离，净化和碱性溶液的资源回收铺平道路。

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引用次数: 0

Osmium-based materials: emerging properties for biomedical applications 锇基材料：生物医学应用的新特性

IF 4 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Materials Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2025.101615

Shaobin He , Long Ma , Ruofei Zhang , Huanran Shen , Wei Chen , Kelong Fan

Osmium (Os), with its unique isotopic system, holds a pivotal role in unraveling the origins of the solar system and the processes of planetary formation. Although discovered in the 19th century, Os remained primarily overlooked for many years. With the advancement of scientific research, Os-based materials have emerged as players, particularly in biomedical applications, attracting growing attention for their potential in cancer therapy, bioimaging, biosensing, etc. This review explores the synthesis, characterization, properties, toxicity, and enzyme-like activity of Os-based materials, highlighting their diverse biomedical applications. Notably, the rapid evolution of nanotechnology has catalyzed the development of nanozymes—nanomaterials that mimic natural enzyme activities—ushering in the rise of Os-based nanozymes. Moving forward, future research will focus on refining the synthesis processes of Os-based materials, improving their biocompatibility, and addressing safety concerns in complex pathological environments, unlocking even more tremendous potential in biomedical applications. More significantly, Os-based materials may also play a key role in interstellar exploration, offering crucial support in catalytic reactions and life support systems.

锇（Os）以其独特的同位素系统，在揭示太阳系的起源和行星形成过程中起着关键作用。虽然在19世纪被发现，但多年来一直被忽视。随着科学研究的进步，os基材料已经崭露头角，特别是在生物医学应用中，其在癌症治疗、生物成像、生物传感等方面的潜力越来越受到关注。本文综述了锇基材料的合成、表征、性质、毒性和酶样活性，重点介绍了它们在生物医学上的广泛应用。值得注意的是，纳米技术的快速发展促进了纳米酶的发展——模仿天然酶活性的纳米材料——引领了基于os的纳米酶的兴起。展望未来，未来的研究将集中在完善os基材料的合成工艺，提高其生物相容性，解决复杂病理环境下的安全性问题，从而在生物医学应用中释放出更巨大的潜力。更重要的是，os基材料也可能在星际探索中发挥关键作用，为催化反应和生命维持系统提供关键支持。

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引用次数: 0

An overview of HR-EBSD techniques for mapping local stress and dislocations in crystalline materials at sub-micron resolution 在亚微米分辨率下绘制晶体材料局部应力和位错的HR-EBSD技术综述

IF 4 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Materials Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2025.101585

Timothy J. Ruggles , William G. Gilliland , David T. Fullwood , Josh Kacher

High resolution electron backscatter diffraction (HR-EBSD) is a technique used to map elastic strain, crystallographic orientation and dislocation density in a scanning electron microscope. This review covers the background and mathematics of this technique, contextualizing it within the broader landscape of EBSD techniques and other materials characterization methods. Several case studies are presented showing the application of HR-EBSD to the study of plasticity in metals, failure analysis in microelectronics and defect quantification in thin films. This is intended to be a comprehensive resource for researchers developing this technique as well as an introduction to those wishing to apply it.

高分辨率电子背散射衍射（HR-EBSD）是一种在扫描电子显微镜下绘制弹性应变、晶体取向和位错密度的技术。这篇综述涵盖了该技术的背景和数学，将其置于更广泛的EBSD技术和其他材料表征方法的背景下。几个案例研究展示了HR-EBSD在金属塑性研究、微电子失效分析和薄膜缺陷量化方面的应用。这是一个全面的资源，为研究人员开发这种技术，以及介绍那些希望应用它。

引用次数: 0

Topological-defect carbon for energy conversion applications 用于能量转换应用的拓扑缺陷碳

IF 4 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Materials Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2025.101618

Lei Gong , Jiawei Zhu , Shichun Mu

Defective carbon-based materials (DCMs) have recently been considered as one of the most promising alternatives to precious metal catalysts owing to abundance, high conductivity and tunable molecular structures. The presence of topological defects as non-hexagonal rings (e.g., pentagons, heptagons, octagons) in carbon materials would affect the catalytic activity, however, the in-depth understanding of the fundamental relationship between topological defects and catalytic properties is still in its infancy. In addition, the facile synthesis strategy, exploitation and application of topological-defect carbon are still a big challenge. To this end, in this review, four main aspects including synthetic strategies, recognition, catalytic applications, and activity origin of topological-defect carbon are analyzed. The catalytic mechanism of intrinsic topological defects is revealed from theoretical and experimental perspectives. Moreover, the functional role of topological defects beyond intrinsic catalysis is further explored, highlighting their potential as anchoring sites and electronic modulators for metal single atoms or clusters, which synergistically enhance catalytic performance. Finally, the key problem faced by topological defects of carbon-based materials is discussed and the countermeasure is proposed. Undoubtedly, this systematical review will promote the understanding of the carbon-based defect and further stimulate its application as sustainable nonprecious metal catalysts in energy conversion and beyond.

缺陷碳基材料（dcm）由于其丰富、高导电性和可调的分子结构，近年来被认为是贵金属催化剂最有前途的替代品之一。碳材料中存在非六角形环（如五角形、七角形、八角形）等拓扑缺陷会影响催化活性，但对拓扑缺陷与催化性能的基本关系的深入了解尚处于起步阶段。此外，拓扑缺陷碳的简易合成策略、开发和应用仍然是一个很大的挑战。为此，本文从拓扑缺陷碳的合成策略、识别、催化应用和活性来源四个方面进行了综述。从理论和实验两方面揭示了本征拓扑缺陷的催化机理。此外，进一步探讨了拓扑缺陷在内在催化之外的功能作用，强调了它们作为金属单原子或簇的锚定位点和电子调节剂的潜力，从而协同提高了催化性能。最后，讨论了碳基材料拓扑缺陷面临的关键问题，并提出了相应的对策。毫无疑问，这一系统综述将促进对碳基缺陷的认识，并进一步促进其作为可持续的非贵金属催化剂在能源转化等领域的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Adaptable conductive hydrogel-enabled soft electronics 适应性导电性水凝胶软电子器件

IF 4 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Materials Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2025.101590

Yi Liu , Rawan Omar , Gang Li , Pengcheng Zhou , Yujie Zhang , Wenqing Yan , Hossam Haick , Chuan Fei Guo , Takao Someya , Yan Wang

This review provides a concise exploration of the rapidly evolving field of adaptable conductive hydrogel-enabled soft electronics for extreme environments. Hydrogels, recognized for their water-rich network structure and remarkable biocompatibility, hold immense promise for soft electronics due to their excellent flexibility, permeability, biocompatibility, and tunable mechanical and electrical properties. However, when exposed to extreme environments, the significant aqueous content of hydrogels brings about inherent challenges such as icing, water loss, swelling, low adhesion, corrosion, weak mechanical properties, and physical damage, which can severely impair the performance and reliability of hydrogel-enabled soft electronics. This review thoroughly explores the remarkable properties of adaptable conductive hydrogel-enabled soft electronics, such as anti-freezing, anti-drying, anti-swelling, bioadhesive, self-healing, anti-corrosive, stretchable and other desirable characteristics. It then highlights their applications in soft electronics under extreme conditions such as temperature, humidity, harsh solutions, high adhesiveness, physical damage, and mechanical deformations. Despite considerable progress, challenges remain in adaptable conductive hydrogel-enabled soft electronics, particularly in enhancing function and electronics integration, as well as developing effective recycling and degradation mechanisms. This comprehensive overview provides a roadmap for researchers and innovators in this field, offering valuable insights into current advancements and future prospects.

这篇综述提供了一个简明的探索快速发展的领域适应性导电水凝胶使软电子极端环境。水凝胶以其富水的网络结构和卓越的生物相容性而闻名，由于其优异的柔韧性、渗透性、生物相容性和可调的机械和电气性能，在软电子领域具有巨大的前景。然而，当暴露在极端环境中时，水凝胶的大量含水含量会带来固有的挑战，如结冰、失水、膨胀、低粘附、腐蚀、弱机械性能和物理损坏，这些都会严重损害水凝胶软电子设备的性能和可靠性。本文综述了自适应导电水凝胶软电子器件的优异性能，如抗冻、抗干燥、抗膨胀、生物粘接、自愈、抗腐蚀、可拉伸等特性。然后重点介绍了它们在极端条件下的软电子产品中的应用，如温度，湿度，苛刻的解决方案，高粘性，物理损伤和机械变形。尽管取得了相当大的进展，但在适应性导电水凝胶软电子方面仍然存在挑战，特别是在增强功能和电子集成以及开发有效的回收和降解机制方面。这一全面的概述为该领域的研究人员和创新者提供了路线图，提供了对当前进展和未来前景的宝贵见解。

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引用次数: 0