Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696869
Ivan Buzurovic, T. Podder, Yan Yu
In contemporary brachytherapy procedure, needle placement at desired location is challenging due to a variety of reasons. We have designed a robot-assisted brachytherapy system to improve needle placement and seed delivery. In this paper, we have used neural network (NN) for predicting insertion force during prostate brachytherapy. The NN controller computes control inputs required for optimizing the robotic system. To verify efficacy of the control system we used in-vivo motion and force measurements during actual brachytherapy needle insertion while radioactive seeds were implanted in the prostate gland, as a real-time controller input signal. Both force prediction and force tracking processes are investigated. Information about insertion force values are used to adjust other insertion parameters like insertion velocity or acceleration in order to minimize the insertion force.
{"title":"Force prediction and tracking for image-guided robotic system using neural network approach","authors":"Ivan Buzurovic, T. Podder, Yan Yu","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696869","url":null,"abstract":"In contemporary brachytherapy procedure, needle placement at desired location is challenging due to a variety of reasons. We have designed a robot-assisted brachytherapy system to improve needle placement and seed delivery. In this paper, we have used neural network (NN) for predicting insertion force during prostate brachytherapy. The NN controller computes control inputs required for optimizing the robotic system. To verify efficacy of the control system we used in-vivo motion and force measurements during actual brachytherapy needle insertion while radioactive seeds were implanted in the prostate gland, as a real-time controller input signal. Both force prediction and force tracking processes are investigated. Information about insertion force values are used to adjust other insertion parameters like insertion velocity or acceleration in order to minimize the insertion force.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132700204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696899
A. Belbachir, M. Hofstatter, M. Litzenberger, P. Schon
Neuromorphic temporal contrast vision sensors are sensitive to relative intensity changes. These sensors can be exploited to detect scene dynamics and representing the resulting dynamicpsilas shapes. Moreover, these sensors are ideal for ultra-high-speed vision with low computational effort. Two aspects have been ignored within the initial conceptual design of this kind of sensors: the preservation of the high temporal resolution of the pixelspsila data and handling high peak rates. In other words, timestamping the pixelspsila data and the minimization of the data loss in case of pixel spiking at higher rate have not been intensively investigated. This work provides an on-chip solution using a synchronous Address-Event interface for maintaining the precise temporal information and reducing the data loss for high-speed applications.
{"title":"Improved dynamic shape representation using a biologically-inspired vision sensor with a synchronous arbitration","authors":"A. Belbachir, M. Hofstatter, M. Litzenberger, P. Schon","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696899","url":null,"abstract":"Neuromorphic temporal contrast vision sensors are sensitive to relative intensity changes. These sensors can be exploited to detect scene dynamics and representing the resulting dynamicpsilas shapes. Moreover, these sensors are ideal for ultra-high-speed vision with low computational effort. Two aspects have been ignored within the initial conceptual design of this kind of sensors: the preservation of the high temporal resolution of the pixelspsila data and handling high peak rates. In other words, timestamping the pixelspsila data and the minimization of the data loss in case of pixel spiking at higher rate have not been intensively investigated. This work provides an on-chip solution using a synchronous Address-Event interface for maintaining the precise temporal information and reducing the data loss for high-speed applications.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132388814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696904
F. Folowosele, R. J. Vogelstein, R. Etienne-Cummings
We present a real-time implementation of the V1 stage of the hierarchical model of object recognition in the primate visual cortex with 2400 simple cells and 80 complex cells. This emulation of the visual information processing in the primatepsilas visual cortex has the potential for ultra-fast object recognition that will outperform current, computer vision-based methods.
{"title":"Real-time silicon implementation of V1 in hierarchical visual information processing","authors":"F. Folowosele, R. J. Vogelstein, R. Etienne-Cummings","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696904","url":null,"abstract":"We present a real-time implementation of the V1 stage of the hierarchical model of object recognition in the primate visual cortex with 2400 simple cells and 80 complex cells. This emulation of the visual information processing in the primatepsilas visual cortex has the potential for ultra-fast object recognition that will outperform current, computer vision-based methods.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121195667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696886
K. M. Silay, C. Dehollain, M. Declercq
This article presents the design of the inductive links of remotely powered wireless cortical implants for minimum interference from the power link to the data link. This interference is minimized by changing the orientation of the inductors. Different orientation types are investigated and compared. Orthogonally oriented coils with high interference suppression and better reproducibility has been proposed. From the simulations, 29% power efficiency and 46 dB interference suppression is achieved for these coils. The spiral inductors are fabricated on PCBs and results of preliminary measurements are presented. Moreover, a conceptual cortical implant prototype is proposed.
{"title":"Orthogonally oriented coils for minimization of cross-coupling in cortical implants","authors":"K. M. Silay, C. Dehollain, M. Declercq","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696886","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the design of the inductive links of remotely powered wireless cortical implants for minimum interference from the power link to the data link. This interference is minimized by changing the orientation of the inductors. Different orientation types are investigated and compared. Orthogonally oriented coils with high interference suppression and better reproducibility has been proposed. From the simulations, 29% power efficiency and 46 dB interference suppression is achieved for these coils. The spiral inductors are fabricated on PCBs and results of preliminary measurements are presented. Moreover, a conceptual cortical implant prototype is proposed.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129887966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696894
P. Kassanos, A. Demosthenous, R. Bayford
Electrochemical impedance detection of biomolecules relies on the electrode system used. The architecture of the metal electrodes, on top of which the biosensing materials and consequently the target molecules are immobilized, is of particular importance. A high and uniform sensitivity of the sensor to impedance changes in regions of interest is required. In this paper, the sensitivity of tetrapolar coplanar-electrode systems is investigated as a function of electrode position, with the use of FEM modeling. The results indicate, that bringing the inner two electrodes closer to the outer two, increases positive and reduces negative sensitivity regions with zero sensitivity to impedance changes always present on the electrode surface.
{"title":"Towards an optimized design for tetrapolar affinity-based impedimetric immunosensors for lab-on-a-chip applications","authors":"P. Kassanos, A. Demosthenous, R. Bayford","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696894","url":null,"abstract":"Electrochemical impedance detection of biomolecules relies on the electrode system used. The architecture of the metal electrodes, on top of which the biosensing materials and consequently the target molecules are immobilized, is of particular importance. A high and uniform sensitivity of the sensor to impedance changes in regions of interest is required. In this paper, the sensitivity of tetrapolar coplanar-electrode systems is investigated as a function of electrode position, with the use of FEM modeling. The results indicate, that bringing the inner two electrodes closer to the outer two, increases positive and reduces negative sensitivity regions with zero sensitivity to impedance changes always present on the electrode surface.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125856792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696952
A. Eftekhar, Fahim Vohra, C. Toumazou, E. Drakakis, K. Parker
This work describes a preliminary study based on a time-frequency analysis tool, the Hilbert-Huang transform, which can be applied to the analysis of signals deemed, to some degree, nonstationary and nonlinear. Through implementation in a software programming environment and testing on a sample of patient data sets, we demonstrate the potential of this technique. Its ability to naturally decompose electrical signals of both the heart (ECG) and brain (invasive EEG) into clear frequency and amplitude variations are shown. This ability is reflected in provisional results in the detection of epileptic seizures and cardiac arrhythmias.
{"title":"Hilbert-Huang transform: Preliminary studies in epilepsy and cardiac arrhythmias","authors":"A. Eftekhar, Fahim Vohra, C. Toumazou, E. Drakakis, K. Parker","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696952","url":null,"abstract":"This work describes a preliminary study based on a time-frequency analysis tool, the Hilbert-Huang transform, which can be applied to the analysis of signals deemed, to some degree, nonstationary and nonlinear. Through implementation in a software programming environment and testing on a sample of patient data sets, we demonstrate the potential of this technique. Its ability to naturally decompose electrical signals of both the heart (ECG) and brain (invasive EEG) into clear frequency and amplitude variations are shown. This ability is reflected in provisional results in the detection of epileptic seizures and cardiac arrhythmias.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122729813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696957
S. Decker, G. Kim, M. Kim, B. Lee
Early onset scoliosis is a progressive spinal deformity that is diagnosed in patients before the age of five. Fusion surgeries are not applicable to these patients as their spine is still developing. Instead, the current treatment involves the use of ldquogrowing rods,rdquo fitted to the spine which can be extended manually by the surgeon semiannually, requiring invasive surgeries. This paper presents the development of an improved growing rod which can extend through a motorized mechanism using remote signals sent from an external transmitter. Testing via MTS machine and various apparatus, we have proved the efficacy and reliability of our growing rod in a clinical setting. This growing rod is readily compatible with existing pedicle screws and hooks used by current growing rods on the market, and provides a solution to the complications of multiple surgeries involved with the current treatment.
{"title":"Improved growing rod for early onset scoliosis","authors":"S. Decker, G. Kim, M. Kim, B. Lee","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696957","url":null,"abstract":"Early onset scoliosis is a progressive spinal deformity that is diagnosed in patients before the age of five. Fusion surgeries are not applicable to these patients as their spine is still developing. Instead, the current treatment involves the use of ldquogrowing rods,rdquo fitted to the spine which can be extended manually by the surgeon semiannually, requiring invasive surgeries. This paper presents the development of an improved growing rod which can extend through a motorized mechanism using remote signals sent from an external transmitter. Testing via MTS machine and various apparatus, we have proved the efficacy and reliability of our growing rod in a clinical setting. This growing rod is readily compatible with existing pedicle screws and hooks used by current growing rods on the market, and provides a solution to the complications of multiple surgeries involved with the current treatment.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123343511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696880
W. Galjan, D. Naydenova, J. Tomasik, D. Schroeder, W. Krautschneider
A portable battery powered 3-channel ECG-system is presented. This system can be operated up to 10 days by two standard AA batteries. It acquires 3 ECG signals with 16 bit resolution using a dedicated system on chip (SoC) with an embedded DSP for power efficient data handling. The digitized data are filtered with an 80th order FIR filter and stored on a compact flash (CF) card that can be read out using a standard PC operating system. Combining high performance analog parts for signal acquisition and a powerful DSP on a single chip opens up innovative possibilities in reduction of system size and power consumption.
{"title":"A portable SoC-based ECG-system for 24h x 7d operating time","authors":"W. Galjan, D. Naydenova, J. Tomasik, D. Schroeder, W. Krautschneider","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696880","url":null,"abstract":"A portable battery powered 3-channel ECG-system is presented. This system can be operated up to 10 days by two standard AA batteries. It acquires 3 ECG signals with 16 bit resolution using a dedicated system on chip (SoC) with an embedded DSP for power efficient data handling. The digitized data are filtered with an 80th order FIR filter and stored on a compact flash (CF) card that can be read out using a standard PC operating system. Combining high performance analog parts for signal acquisition and a powerful DSP on a single chip opens up innovative possibilities in reduction of system size and power consumption.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131129280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696866
Thanut Tosanguan, Robert J. Dickinson, E. Drakakis
Heart disease remains the leading cause of fatalities in the western world. To address this many long-term systems have been developed including heart sound monitors or phonocardiograms (PCG). In daily life ambient acoustic noise interferes with the heart sound signal. This noise must be suppressed to allow effective monitoring of heart function. This paper proposes a new 2-channel signal processing technique, termed interference suppression via spectral comparison (ISSC) which is based on the 1-channel spectral subtraction algorithm, and aims at improving the quality of the recorded heart sound or PCG data. The proposed technique provides the best overall quality improvement when applied to six different heart sounds when compared to other noise cancellation algorithms namely: simple subtraction, adaptive least mean squares (LMS) and recursive least squares (RLS) filter and wavelet thresholding.
{"title":"Modified spectral subtraction for de-noising heart sounds: Interference Suppression via Spectral Comparison","authors":"Thanut Tosanguan, Robert J. Dickinson, E. Drakakis","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696866","url":null,"abstract":"Heart disease remains the leading cause of fatalities in the western world. To address this many long-term systems have been developed including heart sound monitors or phonocardiograms (PCG). In daily life ambient acoustic noise interferes with the heart sound signal. This noise must be suppressed to allow effective monitoring of heart function. This paper proposes a new 2-channel signal processing technique, termed interference suppression via spectral comparison (ISSC) which is based on the 1-channel spectral subtraction algorithm, and aims at improving the quality of the recorded heart sound or PCG data. The proposed technique provides the best overall quality improvement when applied to six different heart sounds when compared to other noise cancellation algorithms namely: simple subtraction, adaptive least mean squares (LMS) and recursive least squares (RLS) filter and wavelet thresholding.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131605466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696951
Chulgyu Song, Keo-Sik Kim, Y. An, Jeong-Hwan Seo
A conventional method for measuring abdominal pressure involves the use of a fluid-filled rectal catheter. However, this method has some drawbacks, so it is limited to ambulatory urodynamics monitoring study. In this study, we proposed a novel method for estimating abdominal pressure in non invasive manner by changes in bio-impedance and electromyographic (EMG) signals. As a preliminary, we compared the bio-impedance changes and EMG activity during daily events, such as cough, sneeze and lumbar movement, while the abdominal pressure increased. The correlation coefficients between changes in bio-impedance and EMG signals, according to increases in abdominal contractions, were 0.72, 0.96, 0.90, 0.84 and 0.78 for the weak, strong, stronger, vigorous and maximal contraction, respectively. Also, daily activities such as coughing, sneezing and conversation, were sensitively monitored by measuring the change in amplitude of the bio-impedance signals, whilst EMG signals could not be used to detect these activities; therefore, the bio-impedance method is a more useful means of non-invasively measuring the changes in the abdominal pressure for urodynamics monitoring.
{"title":"Comparison of bio-impedance changes and EMG activity during daily events","authors":"Chulgyu Song, Keo-Sik Kim, Y. An, Jeong-Hwan Seo","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2008.4696951","url":null,"abstract":"A conventional method for measuring abdominal pressure involves the use of a fluid-filled rectal catheter. However, this method has some drawbacks, so it is limited to ambulatory urodynamics monitoring study. In this study, we proposed a novel method for estimating abdominal pressure in non invasive manner by changes in bio-impedance and electromyographic (EMG) signals. As a preliminary, we compared the bio-impedance changes and EMG activity during daily events, such as cough, sneeze and lumbar movement, while the abdominal pressure increased. The correlation coefficients between changes in bio-impedance and EMG signals, according to increases in abdominal contractions, were 0.72, 0.96, 0.90, 0.84 and 0.78 for the weak, strong, stronger, vigorous and maximal contraction, respectively. Also, daily activities such as coughing, sneezing and conversation, were sensitively monitored by measuring the change in amplitude of the bio-impedance signals, whilst EMG signals could not be used to detect these activities; therefore, the bio-impedance method is a more useful means of non-invasively measuring the changes in the abdominal pressure for urodynamics monitoring.","PeriodicalId":415200,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"2011 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131687079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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