Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies最新文献

{"title":"Negotiating for Modern Education: The Politics behind the Curriculum and Admissions Reforms at the Tongwen Guan","authors":"Fei Chen","doi":"10.21866/ESJEAS.2017.17.1.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21866/ESJEAS.2017.17.1.003","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:In 1862 the Qing government established the Tongwen Guan 同文館 (School of Combined Learning), a foreign language school in Beijing. This well-financed school adopted a series of admissions reforms to recruit intellectually promising students. It also developed a comprehensive curriculum, which included language study and modern science. Despite these efforts, it failed to supply specialists in either foreign affairs or science and engineering for China's modernization. Scholarship has attributed the failure of the school to the hostility of Chinese literati toward the West and their contempt for science and technology, but an in-depth discussion of the structure and actual operation of the school is lacking, meaning that other possible causes for its failure have not been adequately investigated. This article therefore takes an institutionalist view to uncover the internal factors leading to the school's failure and argues that the promising effect of the educational reforms was largely constrained by the school's institutional weakness.","PeriodicalId":41529,"journal":{"name":"Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies","volume":"17 1","pages":"41 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44877443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translation's Forgotten History: Russian Literature, Japanese Mediation, and the Formation of Modern Korean Literature by Heekyoung Cho (review)","authors":"Dafna Zur","doi":"10.21866/ESJEAS.2017.17.1.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21866/ESJEAS.2017.17.1.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41529,"journal":{"name":"Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies","volume":"17 1","pages":"110 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44453207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Dynamics of Elite Domination in Early Modern Korea","authors":"Javier Cha","doi":"10.21866/ESJEAS.2017.17.1.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21866/ESJEAS.2017.17.1.005","url":null,"abstract":"One of the major themes in the history of early modern Korea are the ways sajok 士族 aristocrats responded to the peculiar lack of de jure protection of social status (Deuchler 2015a, 397). In Chosŏn (1392–1910), aristocratic status depended on the prestige attached to service in yangban officialdom—that is, the civil and military branches of the central bureaucracy. For an aristocratic house to be recognized as such, at least one male heir had to pass the competitive high-level civil or military examinations and be appointed to one of the eighteen ranks of yangban offices. Before the late sixteenth century, a relatively open regime allowed some upward mobility and the flow of provincials into the capital. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, however, local sajok aristocrats faced severely limited access to central yangban offices and thus devised alternative strategies of status retention. They created associations and rosters that excluded outsiders, for example, and promoted ideological and cultural activities that distinguished the local sajok from the common folk. Martina Deuchler’s Under the Ancestors’ Eyes: Kinship, Status, and Locality in Premodern Korea examines this historical process in relation to the persistence of what she calls “kinship ideology” in premodern Korea. To an extent, this book continues to explore the societal impact of what she refers to interchangeably as “Confucian,” “patrilineal descent,” and “agnatic” ideology in her 1992 work The Confucian Transformation of Korea: A Study of Society and Ideology. The notion of “kinship ideology” is an extension of this perspective. Deuchler holds that the Korean reading of Confucian philosophy and ritual canon—putatively stricter and more literal than the Chinese reading—provided sajok aristocrats with a powerful means of defending the local and regional status quo. The ideological restructuring of sajok households according to the principles of patrilineal organization allocated extra material resources to the main heir for ritual obligations, abolished uxorilocal marriage, and excluded women from inheritance, among other changes. Such cultural practices added another layer of social distinction at a time when the sajok Javier CHA Leiden University The Dynamics of Elite Domination in Early Modern Korea (Review Essay)","PeriodicalId":41529,"journal":{"name":"Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies","volume":"17 1","pages":"109 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44661804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Discursive Ethnography and the Re-Narration of Chinese Heritage: Stories about the Yueju Opera Performance at the Heavenly Queen Palace of Quzhou","authors":"Song Hou, Huimei Liu, Zongjie Wu","doi":"10.21866/ESJEAS.2016.16.2.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21866/ESJEAS.2016.16.2.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41529,"journal":{"name":"Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies","volume":"16 1","pages":"197-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68654880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Practice and Recording of Censorship in Colonial Korea: A Critical Review of the Chosǒn Publication Monthly Police Report","authors":"이민주, Keunsik Jung","doi":"10.21866/ESJEAS.2016.16.2.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21866/ESJEAS.2016.16.2.005","url":null,"abstract":"Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.16 No.2 © 2016 Academy of East Asian Studies. 223-242 DOI: 10.21866/esjeas.2016.16.2.005 email of the authors: minju77@hotmail.com, ksjung@snu.ac.kr 223 Introduction Recent years have witnessed increasing scholarly attention to the topic of media censorship in colonial Korea (1910-1945). Whereas earlier research focused primarily on newspapers, these studies have extended to magazines, books, films, music, and other media, and have produced diverse findings on themes such as the colonial censorship system, anti-censorship, and the practical operation of censorship during this period. Current research has focused on the recently discovered text of the colonial Police Bureau’s Chosŏn Publication Monthly Police Report (朝鮮出版警察月報, hereafter the Monthly Report) (Chŏng and Ch’oe 2006). Such studies have yielded detailed statistical analyses of its data and sparked lively debate over its accuracy and scope. Much of the existing work on the Monthly Report does not explicitly question whether its records are accurate and comprehensive. However, the Monthly Report’s official stature does not necessarily guarantee that it fully reflects the actual practice of censorship in the period it covers. If the Monthly Report Recent studies on media censorship in colonial Korea have converged on the newly discovered Chosŏn Publication Monthly Police Report, published from 1928 to 1938 by the colonial government’s censorship bureau. These new studies do not explicitly problematize the issue of whether the Monthly Report is an accurate and comprehensive record of censorship activity or not. However, the record’s official stature does not necessarily guarantee accurate representation of the actual practice of censorship in that period. We found that the numbers of seized or erased articles recorded in the Monthly Report do not correspond with the numbers of articles actually expunged from newspaper pages. This study begins by problematizing the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the Monthly Report censorship records. In addition, it undertakes a comparative analysis of the Monthly Report and contemporary newspapers, employing both record-centric and page-centric approaches. This research also examines how the presence of censorship traces served as tangible evidence of colonial power.","PeriodicalId":41529,"journal":{"name":"Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies","volume":"16 1","pages":"223-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68654919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Sage Returns: Confucian Revival in Contemporary China","authors":"Tze-ki Hon","doi":"10.21866/esjeas.2016.16.2.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21866/esjeas.2016.16.2.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41529,"journal":{"name":"Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies","volume":"115 1","pages":"243-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68654964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theorizing “Person” in Confucian Ethics: A Good Place to Start","authors":"R. Ames","doi":"10.21866/ESJEAS.2016.16.2.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21866/ESJEAS.2016.16.2.001","url":null,"abstract":"email of the author: rtames@hawaii.edu 141 Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.16 No.2 © 2016 Academy of East Asian Studies. 141-162 DOI: 10.21866/esjeas.2016.16.2.001 The Problem: “It’s a Poor Sort of Memory that only Works Backwards” G. W. F. Hegel in the introduction to his Encyclopaedia Logic famously observes that one of the most difficult problems in any philosophical investigation is the question of where to begin. In this essay I will argue that the appropriateness of categorizing Confucian ethics as either role ethics or virtue ethics turns largely on the conception of “person” that is presupposed within the interpretive context of classical Chinese philosophy. If our goal is to take the Confucian tradition on its own terms and to let it speak with its own voice without overwriting it with our own cultural importances, we must begin by first self-consciously and critically theorizing the Confucian conception of person as the starting point of Confucian ethics. The problem of using Western categories to theorize Confucian philosophy is an old and persistent story. Kwong-loi Shun has recently made much of this asymmetry in how we make our cultural comparisons (2009, 470): [T]here is a trend in comparative studies to approach Chinese thought from a Western philosophical perspective, by reference to frameworks, concepts, or issues found in Western philosophical discussions. This trend is seen not only in works published in the English language, but also in those published in Chinese. Conversely, in the contemporary Roger T. AMES Berggruen Fellow, Peking University In the introduction of Chinese philosophy and culture into the Western academy, we have tended to theorize and conceptualize this antique tradition by appealing to familiar categories. Confucian role ethics is an attempt to articulate a sui generis moral philosophy that allows this tradition to have its own voice. This holistic philosophy is grounded in the primacy of relationality, and is a challenge to a foundational liberal individualism that has defined persons as discrete, autonomous, rational, free, and often self-interested agents. Confucian role ethics begins from a relationally constituted conception of person, takes family roles and relations as the entry point for developing moral competence, invokes moral imagination and the growth in relations that it can inspire as the substance of human morality, and entails a human-centered, a-theistic religiousness that stands in sharp contrast to the Abrahamic religions.","PeriodicalId":41529,"journal":{"name":"Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies","volume":"16 1","pages":"141-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68655103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Sacrifices of Youth: Historical Feature Films on South Korea’s Longue Durée","authors":"Kyung Moon Hwang","doi":"10.21866/ESJEAS.2016.16.2.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21866/ESJEAS.2016.16.2.003","url":null,"abstract":"Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.16 No.2 © 2016 Academy of East Asian Studies. 179-196 DOI: 10.21866/esjeas.2016.16.2.003 email of the author: khwang3@gmail.com 179 Feature films set in the past seem to have hit a peak recently in South Korean cinema, if judged by the box office. The two most popular releases on record are historical films appearing in the past few years (“The Admiral” and “Ode to My Father”), and despite the consistent lament by social and cultural elders of the citizenry’s lack of historical understanding, the popularity of historical films undoubtedly reflects the appeal of national history, at least among the movie-going public. But this is not a new phenomenon, as some of the best films in the very sophisticated South Korean film industry over the past two decades not only have been set in the past, but have provided definitive commentaries on the past and its connection to the present. And while not all of these movies hit box office gold, they have offered powerful reflections and interpretations of, and perhaps even interventions in, contentious debates surrounding the country’s turbulent history, which have reflected major political and social divisions as well. In this paper I wish to demonstrate how these historical films comment on meta-narratives of South Korea’s past. I find that, on the whole, these films have featured young main characters as symbols and vehicles of major historical This paper demonstrates how some South Korean historical films over the past two decades comment on critical meta-narratives of the country’s past, and in turn reflect the powerful presence of this history in South Korea today. Due to the directors’ age as well as to the relaxing of film censorship in the 1990s, among other factors, these films have generally represented the liberal historical views that came to prevail in South Korea following democratization in the late 1980s. But the filmic expressions of this general understanding emphasize a variety of driving forces and elements in the nation’s modern history. Beginning with an analysis of the recent hit, “Ode to My Father,” this study examines approximately a dozen films as they illuminate three major historical themes: South Korea’s turbulent origins; life under the rule of Park Chung Hee; and the struggle to overcome the burdens of the past. It finds that, on the whole, these films have featured young protagonists as symbols and vehicles of crucial historical moments, which results in a somewhat unbalanced, but nevertheless diverse range of historical perspectives.","PeriodicalId":41529,"journal":{"name":"Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies","volume":"16 1","pages":"179-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68654820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Tang-Dynasty Manual of Governance and the East Asian Vernaculars","authors":"P. Kornicki","doi":"10.21866/ESJEAS.2016.16.2.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21866/ESJEAS.2016.16.2.002","url":null,"abstract":"For most parts of East Asia except Tibet, the earliest encounters with texts were with those from China, the only society with a writing system and a textual tradition they had so far come into contact with. By the end of the Tang dynasty we can be sure that huge quantities of texts in the form of paper manuscripts had reached China’s neighbours, but the only hard evidence of the enormous scale of this flow of texts comes from Japan, in the form of the Catalogue of Books Extant in Japan ( Nihonkoku genzai shomokuroku 日本國見在書目録 ), which was compiled in the 890s by Fujiwara no Sukeyo 藤原佐世 (847-898). The Catalogue lists a bewildering variety of texts that had reached Japan, many of them now lost. And yet it does not list some texts known to be in Japan by that time, such as Buddhist scriptures and commentaries and medical texts. For medical and scientific texts, an edict issued in 757 gives us the curriculum of the University in seven fields of study (Classics, Histories, Medicine, Acupuncture, Astronomy, Yinyang divination, and Calendrical science) and thus provides some information about the medical and scientific books that had reached Japan by this time, but a later source, the Essentials of Medicine ( Ishinpo ˉ 醫心方 ) by Tanba no Yasuyori 丹波康頼 (912-995), provides much more detailed information (Bender and Zhao 2010). This text was compiled in 984 after the fall of the Tang and it contains extracts from large numbers of Chinese and a few Korean medical works mentioned by name, showing that these too had reached Japan. Since all these texts were available in Japan, the overwhelming probability is that they were already available on the Korean It circulated widely throughout East Asia but unlike many other texts that emanated from China it was often approached via the vernacular: there were translations into the Tangut, Khitan, Jurchen, Mongolian, and Japanese languages, but not into Korean. This article explores its reception in various East Asian societies and suggests that the use of the vernacular was determined by the role of this work as a practical manual.","PeriodicalId":41529,"journal":{"name":"Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies","volume":"16 1","pages":"163-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68655171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Commodification of Water and Power Relations between Japanese Settlers and Koreans in Late Nineteenth-Century Pusan","authors":"Sungwoo Kang","doi":"10.21866/ESJEAS.2016.16.1.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21866/ESJEAS.2016.16.1.002","url":null,"abstract":"Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.16 No.1 © 2016 Academy of East Asian Studies. 25-51 email of the author: sungwoo.kang1231@gmail.com 25 Introduction In the modern world, access to potable water is often taken for granted as an aspect of everyday life. However, this was not the case until the advent of modern technologies and a modern state in most countries. In fact, in the pre-modern world, “there were some saving customs that had served to render many of the people more or less immune to the disease germs that were so widely distributed... [and] cold water, for instance, was not the most common beverage as it is with us” (Oliver 1940, 353). Therefore, access to clean water still proves to be one of the fundamental bases for sustainable development and “an intrinsically important indicator for human progress” in today’s modern world (Kevin Watkins et al. 2006). The issue of urban water supply is important not only for securing convenient access to drinking water for citizens, but also for meeting the public health concerns of a “modern” state. However, the installation and maintenance of a water supply system requires a significant amount of time and money. Consequently, in modern states, especially in urban areas, clean water has become a commodity that can be bought and sold, and the distribution of water has come to create inequality, reflecting power relations among citizens (Connolly 1974, 117). In particular, the unequal distribution of water in cities produces the physical-spatial segregation of urban populations according to “race, culture, occupation, and socio-economic status,” which, along with social relationships, determines the quality of life and a This paper investigates how the construction of a water supply system in Pusan, Korea, changed the concept of water from a public good for communal use to a commodity for sale to residents. In doing so, it aims to analyze the shifting power relations between Japanese settlers and Koreans that occurred because of the construction and development of the water supply system. In tracing the process of the commodification of water, it will closely examine the construction and development of the water supply system in Pusan, centered on three phases of construction that took place in the years 1894-1895, 1900-1902, and 1907-1910. It will also analyze the impact of the water supply system on the everyday lives of local people at the time, including both Japanese settlers and Koreans in Pusan, in order to highlight how the power relations between them were shaped and defined as reflected in access to water and “hygienic modernity.”","PeriodicalId":41529,"journal":{"name":"Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies","volume":"16 1","pages":"25-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68654551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}