Pub Date : 2020-10-26DOI: 10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i3a7
Paula Ribeiro e Souza
This study investigated the washback effect of the Aeronautical English Language Proficiency Exam for the Brazilian Airspace Control System ( EPLIS ) on teachers’ perceptions and actions in an Air Traffic Control Initial Training Program. EPLIS has been administered to Brazilian in-service air traffic controllers and aeronautical station operators every year since 2007, in compliance with the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) language proficiency requirements, published in 2003. These requirements set that all professionals involved in international flight operations shall demonstrate a minimum level of proficiency in the English language. In 2014, Brazilian air traffic control authorities decided to extend EPLIS application to pre-service air traffic controllers to supposedly improve learners’ proficiency in the training program. However, the consequences of this decision, whether intended or unintended, positive or negative, had not been appraised yet. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected through questionnaires, interviews and class observations. The results showed that the decision to introduce EPLIS in that educational context actually increased its impact. However, some teachers’ deficiencies in understanding the exam and its demands, along with an underrepresentation of air traffic control tasks in the test, compromised to some extent the intended effects and need to be handled so that ICAO language policy in Brazil can be entirely implemented.
{"title":"The washback of EPLIS on teachers’ perceptions and actions: Implications for reviewing ICAO language policy in Brazil","authors":"Paula Ribeiro e Souza","doi":"10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i3a7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i3a7","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the washback effect of the Aeronautical English Language Proficiency Exam for the Brazilian Airspace Control System ( EPLIS ) on teachers’ perceptions and actions in an Air Traffic Control Initial Training Program. EPLIS has been administered to Brazilian in-service air traffic controllers and aeronautical station operators every year since 2007, in compliance with the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) language proficiency requirements, published in 2003. These requirements set that all professionals involved in international flight operations shall demonstrate a minimum level of proficiency in the English language. In 2014, Brazilian air traffic control authorities decided to extend EPLIS application to pre-service air traffic controllers to supposedly improve learners’ proficiency in the training program. However, the consequences of this decision, whether intended or unintended, positive or negative, had not been appraised yet. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected through questionnaires, interviews and class observations. The results showed that the decision to introduce EPLIS in that educational context actually increased its impact. However, some teachers’ deficiencies in understanding the exam and its demands, along with an underrepresentation of air traffic control tasks in the test, compromised to some extent the intended effects and need to be handled so that ICAO language policy in Brazil can be entirely implemented.","PeriodicalId":415858,"journal":{"name":"The Especialist","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122630562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-26DOI: 10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i4a1
Patrícia Tosqui-Lucks, Malila Carvalho de Almeida Prado
We begin this editorial inspired by the words of Santos Dumont, the Brazilian most illustrious aviator, “a flying poet, a dreaming and persevering designer, who through his creations made a difference to history, and who is therefore able to teach us lessons even today (BORGES, 2016, p. 01). Indeed, this project of an Aviation English[1] special edition began as a dream and took us a dose of perseverance to be accomplished. The idea was sparked two years ago, when we were launching the book of our research group GEIA[2], entitled Pesquisas sobre Inglês Aeronáutico no Brasil (SCARAMUCCI, TOSQUI-LUCKS, DAMIÃO, 2018), during the 5th GEIA Seminar, in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. At that moment, we wanted to gather research results from the dissertations and theses of GEIA[3]members, most of them written in Portuguese, since it is a policy of most Brazilian Federal and State Universities, at least in the area of Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, that they are written in our national language. We felt fulfilled to share our findings with the aviation English community in Brazil, but it was about time to dream bigger and share our research results with the international community.[1] Some authors use Aviation English and Aeronautical English with capital letters, while others prefer aviation English and aeronautical English. We consider it just a stylistic choice.[2] GEIA stands for Grupo de Estudos em Inglês Aeronáutico (Aeronautical English Research Group), located at the Airspace Control Institute (ICEA), in Brazil, and validated by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico -CNPq) since 2013.[3] The publications of group members are constantly updated on our website: https://geia.icea.gov.br/geia/papers.php
我们以巴西最杰出的飞行员桑托斯·杜蒙(Santos Dumont)的话作为这篇社论的开头，他是“一位飞行诗人，一位梦想和坚持不懈的设计师，他通过自己的创作改变了历史，因此即使在今天，他也能够给我们上一课”(博尔赫斯，2016年，第01页)。的确，这个航空英语b[1]特别版的项目始于一个梦想，需要我们坚持不懈才能完成。这个想法是两年前在巴西巴伊亚州萨尔瓦多举行的第五届GEIA研讨会上产生的，当时我们正在推出我们研究小组的书《Pesquisas sobre Inglês Aeronáutico no Brasil》(SCARAMUCCI, toski - lucks, DAMIÃO, 2018)。当时，我们想从GEIA[3]成员的学位论文和论文中收集研究成果，其中大部分是用葡萄牙语写的，因为大多数巴西联邦和州立大学的政策是，至少在语言学和应用语言学领域，他们用我们的母语写。我们很高兴能与巴西的航空英语社区分享我们的发现，但现在是时候实现更大的梦想，与国际社会分享我们的研究成果了一些作者使用大写字母的Aviation English和Aeronautical English，而另一些作者则更喜欢Aviation English和Aeronautical English。我们认为这只是一种风格的选择GEIA代表Grupo de Estudos em Inglês Aeronáutico(航空英语研究小组)，位于巴西空域控制研究所(ICEA)，自2013年起由国家科学技术发展委员会(Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico -CNPq)验证在我们的网站:https://geia.icea.gov.br/geia/papers.php上不断更新小组成员的出版物
{"title":"New routes in the study of Aviation and Aeronautical English","authors":"Patrícia Tosqui-Lucks, Malila Carvalho de Almeida Prado","doi":"10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i4a1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i4a1","url":null,"abstract":"We begin this editorial inspired by the words of Santos Dumont, the Brazilian most illustrious aviator, “a flying poet, a dreaming and persevering designer, who through his creations made a difference to history, and who is therefore able to teach us lessons even today (BORGES, 2016, p. 01). Indeed, this project of an Aviation English[1] special edition began as a dream and took us a dose of perseverance to be accomplished. The idea was sparked two years ago, when we were launching the book of our research group GEIA[2], entitled Pesquisas sobre Inglês Aeronáutico no Brasil (SCARAMUCCI, TOSQUI-LUCKS, DAMIÃO, 2018), during the 5th GEIA Seminar, in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. At that moment, we wanted to gather research results from the dissertations and theses of GEIA[3]members, most of them written in Portuguese, since it is a policy of most Brazilian Federal and State Universities, at least in the area of Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, that they are written in our national language. We felt fulfilled to share our findings with the aviation English community in Brazil, but it was about time to dream bigger and share our research results with the international community.[1] Some authors use Aviation English and Aeronautical English with capital letters, while others prefer aviation English and aeronautical English. We consider it just a stylistic choice.[2] GEIA stands for Grupo de Estudos em Inglês Aeronáutico (Aeronautical English Research Group), located at the Airspace Control Institute (ICEA), in Brazil, and validated by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico -CNPq) since 2013.[3] The publications of group members are constantly updated on our website: https://geia.icea.gov.br/geia/papers.php","PeriodicalId":415858,"journal":{"name":"The Especialist","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128998769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-26DOI: 10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i4a8
Jena Lynch, Adriana Mendes Porcellato
This article makes the case for an aviation English test which screens and assesses incoming non-native English-speaking flight students to US flight training organizations. The need for such a test arises from the lack of standardization in flight students’ aviation English proficiency assessments throughout their flight training and the potential negative consequences of inadequate proficiency for students, training centers, and other stakeholders. Looking into proficiency tests that are used as screening measures in other domains, it becomes clear that an adequate screening test for flight training candidates is needed. An existing proficiency test specifically designed for flight and ATC training candidates is also discussed. Results of this investigation point to two main conclusions: first, there is a need for a deeper understanding of the flight training domain through observation, collection and analysis of written and spoken texts in a variety of genres and registers that are typical of the flight training context; second, the necessity remains for a screening tool that takes into account the specificities of the flight training domain.
{"title":"The Case for an Aviation English Screening Tool for US Flight Schools","authors":"Jena Lynch, Adriana Mendes Porcellato","doi":"10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i4a8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i4a8","url":null,"abstract":"This article makes the case for an aviation English test which screens and assesses incoming non-native English-speaking flight students to US flight training organizations. The need for such a test arises from the lack of standardization in flight students’ aviation English proficiency assessments throughout their flight training and the potential negative consequences of inadequate proficiency for students, training centers, and other stakeholders. Looking into proficiency tests that are used as screening measures in other domains, it becomes clear that an adequate screening test for flight training candidates is needed. An existing proficiency test specifically designed for flight and ATC training candidates is also discussed. Results of this investigation point to two main conclusions: first, there is a need for a deeper understanding of the flight training domain through observation, collection and analysis of written and spoken texts in a variety of genres and registers that are typical of the flight training context; second, the necessity remains for a screening tool that takes into account the specificities of the flight training domain.","PeriodicalId":415858,"journal":{"name":"The Especialist","volume":"306 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131709810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although Aeronautical Meteorology language is not generally regarded as standard communication between air traffic controllers and pilots, it plays an important role in Air Traffic Control (ATC) communication since it comprises phraseology and plain language used to communicate weather phenomena which interfere in aviation operations. Then, this paper focuses on the meteorology terminology used by Brazilian experts and discusses whether Aeronautical Meteorology is a hybrid field. Based on the theory of lexical semantics for terminology proposed by L’Homme (2020), the syntactic and semantic properties of a small set of Portuguese terms were analyzed in two separate textual corpora, i.e. a corpus representative of Aviation language and a corpus representative of Aeronautical language. For that, the combinatorics of terms were examined by means of a concordancing tool and were categorized by means of semantic labels. Quantification and comparison of the results obtained seem to suggest that the behavior of the terms in the two corpora share a fair amount of similarities.
{"title":"Aeronautical Meteorology in Aeronautical Language and in Aviation Language: a hybrid field?","authors":"Rafaela Araújo Jordão Rigaud Peixoto, Janine Pimentel","doi":"10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i4a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i4a2","url":null,"abstract":"Although Aeronautical Meteorology language is not generally regarded as standard communication between air traffic controllers and pilots, it plays an important role in Air Traffic Control (ATC) communication since it comprises phraseology and plain language used to communicate weather phenomena which interfere in aviation operations. Then, this paper focuses on the meteorology terminology used by Brazilian experts and discusses whether Aeronautical Meteorology is a hybrid field. Based on the theory of lexical semantics for terminology proposed by L’Homme (2020), the syntactic and semantic properties of a small set of Portuguese terms were analyzed in two separate textual corpora, i.e. a corpus representative of Aviation language and a corpus representative of Aeronautical language. For that, the combinatorics of terms were examined by means of a concordancing tool and were categorized by means of semantic labels. Quantification and comparison of the results obtained seem to suggest that the behavior of the terms in the two corpora share a fair amount of similarities.","PeriodicalId":415858,"journal":{"name":"The Especialist","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133737315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-26DOI: 10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i3a3
A. Borowska
Aviation English has been used globally and now is regarded as lingua franca of aviation communication. Communication in any foreign language entails cultural connotations. Moreover, reactions caused by perceived potential misconceptions of one’s cultural or ethnic identity are contextdependent. Aeronautical communication in global context by definition does not belong to any specific culture, so it should be devoid of any cultural elements being effective at the same time. Participants of different cultural groups take part in this type of communication on a regular basis. On the one hand, they are equipped with the tool such as standard phraseology binding in so called routine situations in order to avoid communication breakdown as this specific code seems to go beyond the borders of culture. There is no time for an analysis of who is who, but only for the completion of the mechanical operational tasks. On the other hand, according to the conducted research, it has been observed that the operational interlocutors cannot efficiently escape from their own cultural backgrounds when communicating in both routine and non-routine situations. Therefore, still some differences in cultural perception of conversation partners do exist and influence the aeronautical communication. The article describes the current situation and presents common culture indicators in a selected context. The research shows that without any doubt, and in order to be effective communicators, the airline pilots and air traffic controllers should adopt positive orientation towards their interlocutor’s culture.
{"title":"Culture Indicators in Global Aeronautical Communication","authors":"A. Borowska","doi":"10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i3a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i3a3","url":null,"abstract":"Aviation English has been used globally and now is regarded as lingua franca of aviation communication. Communication in any foreign language entails cultural connotations. Moreover, reactions caused by perceived potential misconceptions of one’s cultural or ethnic identity are contextdependent. Aeronautical communication in global context by definition does not belong to any specific culture, so it should be devoid of any cultural elements being effective at the same time. Participants of different cultural groups take part in this type of communication on a regular basis. On the one hand, they are equipped with the tool such as standard phraseology binding in so called routine situations in order to avoid communication breakdown as this specific code seems to go beyond the borders of culture. There is no time for an analysis of who is who, but only for the completion of the mechanical operational tasks. On the other hand, according to the conducted research, it has been observed that the operational interlocutors cannot efficiently escape from their own cultural backgrounds when communicating in both routine and non-routine situations. Therefore, still some differences in cultural perception of conversation partners do exist and influence the aeronautical communication. The article describes the current situation and presents common culture indicators in a selected context. The research shows that without any doubt, and in order to be effective communicators, the airline pilots and air traffic controllers should adopt positive orientation towards their interlocutor’s culture.","PeriodicalId":415858,"journal":{"name":"The Especialist","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117089261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-26DOI: 10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i3a8
Márcia Chini Costa, S. Damião
The Paraíba Valley, located in the east of São Paulo state, is an outstanding hub of technologicalindustrial development in Brazil, also known for being the birthplace of the Brazilian aeronautical industry. It is also a region where relevant teaching and research centers are located, focused on aviation in general, and the aviation industry in particular. It is well known that English is the lingua franca in aviation and it is used internationally, in radio communications between pilots and air traffic controllers, as well as by flight attendants, aircraft mechanics, and several other professionals working in the field of aviation, whether civil or military. Teaching and learning the English language have therefore become essential for professionals working in the aviation market and it must be at the core of both beginning and continuing education centers of professionals in this area. Thus, this article has two objectives that complement each other: to set forth considerations about the presence of ESP in the area of aviation in general, and, more specifically, in air traffic control instruction in Vale do Paraiba; the second, linked to the first objective, is to emphasize the importance of English teacher education in order to bring their expertise up to the level of English for Specific Purposes, in this case, aviation.
{"title":"Challenges in teaching and learning, and in teacher education in Vale do Paraíba, Brazil.","authors":"Márcia Chini Costa, S. Damião","doi":"10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i3a8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i3a8","url":null,"abstract":"The Paraíba Valley, located in the east of São Paulo state, is an outstanding hub of technologicalindustrial development in Brazil, also known for being the birthplace of the Brazilian aeronautical industry. It is also a region where relevant teaching and research centers are located, focused on aviation in general, and the aviation industry in particular. It is well known that English is the lingua franca in aviation and it is used internationally, in radio communications between pilots and air traffic controllers, as well as by flight attendants, aircraft mechanics, and several other professionals working in the field of aviation, whether civil or military. Teaching and learning the English language have therefore become essential for professionals working in the aviation market and it must be at the core of both beginning and continuing education centers of professionals in this area. Thus, this article has two objectives that complement each other: to set forth considerations about the presence of ESP in the area of aviation in general, and, more specifically, in air traffic control instruction in Vale do Paraiba; the second, linked to the first objective, is to emphasize the importance of English teacher education in order to bring their expertise up to the level of English for Specific Purposes, in this case, aviation.","PeriodicalId":415858,"journal":{"name":"The Especialist","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117042186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-26DOI: 10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i4a7
Markus Bieswanger, Malila Carvalho de Almeida Prado, Jennifer Roberts
This paper revisits discussions on needs assessment of language courses for non-native English speakers (NNES) prior to ab initio flight training, or initial flight training, in English-speaking environments. The growing need for pilots in areas of the world where English is traditionally not the native language of the population and the fact that many of them attend flight school in English-speaking countries have increased the demand for such courses. Important questions are what communicative competencies the future flight students need and how current research on English as a lingua Franca (ELF) can inform the design of English for flight training courses. The paper presents the results of a study based on semi-structured interviews with six non-native speaking professional pilots who received ab initio training in English-speaking countries. The analysis suggests that NNES ab initio flight students need to be equipped with the right mix of communicative strategies often summarized as ELF awareness and a sufficient amount of English language proficiency .
{"title":"Pilot training and English as a lingua franca: some implications for the design of Aviation English for ab initio flight training courses","authors":"Markus Bieswanger, Malila Carvalho de Almeida Prado, Jennifer Roberts","doi":"10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i4a7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i4a7","url":null,"abstract":"This paper revisits discussions on needs assessment of language courses for non-native English speakers (NNES) prior to ab initio flight training, or initial flight training, in English-speaking environments. The growing need for pilots in areas of the world where English is traditionally not the native language of the population and the fact that many of them attend flight school in English-speaking countries have increased the demand for such courses. Important questions are what communicative competencies the future flight students need and how current research on English as a lingua Franca (ELF) can inform the design of English for flight training courses. The paper presents the results of a study based on semi-structured interviews with six non-native speaking professional pilots who received ab initio training in English-speaking countries. The analysis suggests that NNES ab initio flight students need to be equipped with the right mix of communicative strategies often summarized as ELF awareness and a sufficient amount of English language proficiency .","PeriodicalId":415858,"journal":{"name":"The Especialist","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126319798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-26DOI: 10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i3a5
Dominique Estival, B. Molesworth
Understanding aviation communication has obvious implications for flight safety and for the training of pilots and Air Traffic Controllers (ATC). Its study also sheds light on the use of Aviation English as a type of English for a very specific purpose and on real-world communication constraints in a highstakes environment. We present results from a study combining human factors and linguistics, in which pilots were recorded in flight simulator experiments probing communication accuracy under diverse conditions. An analysis of the audio recordings in terms of whether errors were omissions or mistakes, whether errors occurred with words or numerals, and which types of aviation information were affected, revealed complex interactions between language background, pilot qualification, workload and ATC speech rate. The differences between native English speakers (NES) and non-native English speakers (NNES) are complex and more nuanced than might be expected. These results not only are relevant for aviation safety, training and testing, but they also provide insights on communication under challenging conditions and on the relation between language proficiency and cognition, with implications for second language teaching and the use of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in highly constrained environments.
{"title":"Errors in air-ground pilot communication: an experimental study","authors":"Dominique Estival, B. Molesworth","doi":"10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i3a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i3a5","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding aviation communication has obvious implications for flight safety and for the training of pilots and Air Traffic Controllers (ATC). Its study also sheds light on the use of Aviation English as a type of English for a very specific purpose and on real-world communication constraints in a highstakes environment. We present results from a study combining human factors and linguistics, in which pilots were recorded in flight simulator experiments probing communication accuracy under diverse conditions. An analysis of the audio recordings in terms of whether errors were omissions or mistakes, whether errors occurred with words or numerals, and which types of aviation information were affected, revealed complex interactions between language background, pilot qualification, workload and ATC speech rate. The differences between native English speakers (NES) and non-native English speakers (NNES) are complex and more nuanced than might be expected. These results not only are relevant for aviation safety, training and testing, but they also provide insights on communication under challenging conditions and on the relation between language proficiency and cognition, with implications for second language teaching and the use of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in highly constrained environments.","PeriodicalId":415858,"journal":{"name":"The Especialist","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132039208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-26DOI: 10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i3a9
Daniela Terenzi, M. Pizzi
For security reasons, quantity and constant updates, it is impracticable to translate documents related to the operation and maintenance of aircraft. However, most professionals in this field are not native English speakers and are in contact with this English written documentation on a daily basis so they can do their job. Therefore, it is important that aviation professionals have materials of reference, especially for technical terms, that are reliable sources of information. However, in addition to the lack of this type of material, there is a challenge for its development. The objective of this article is, based on theoretical references and examples from the practice of researching and teaching English for specific purposes, to encourage the discussion about the teamwork of the language teacher and the professional of aircraft maintenance in the production of reference materials, such as technical glossaries. Based on the arguments presented, it is concluded that this partnership has benefits for both areas, languages and technical.
{"title":"The relevance of linguistic and professional knowledge as contributing factors for technical translation in the area of aircraft (maintenance).","authors":"Daniela Terenzi, M. Pizzi","doi":"10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i3a9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i3a9","url":null,"abstract":"For security reasons, quantity and constant updates, it is impracticable to translate documents related to the operation and maintenance of aircraft. However, most professionals in this field are not native English speakers and are in contact with this English written documentation on a daily basis so they can do their job. Therefore, it is important that aviation professionals have materials of reference, especially for technical terms, that are reliable sources of information. However, in addition to the lack of this type of material, there is a challenge for its development. The objective of this article is, based on theoretical references and examples from the practice of researching and teaching English for specific purposes, to encourage the discussion about the teamwork of the language teacher and the professional of aircraft maintenance in the production of reference materials, such as technical glossaries. Based on the arguments presented, it is concluded that this partnership has benefits for both areas, languages and technical.","PeriodicalId":415858,"journal":{"name":"The Especialist","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129183428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-30DOI: 10.23925/2318-7115.2020v41i2a6
G. Florindo, Mariney Pereira Conceição
EnglishAs classrooms become increasingly inclusive, there is growing concern about minorities and people who are often marginalized and denied equal access to social material resources which promote full participation in communities. This article aims at discussing identities (HALL, 2006), investment and imagined communities (NORTON, 2000) of Braille students through written narratives about their reasons for studying Braille. We seek to understand the relations between the students’ motivation and their identities. In order to attain this objective we analyze written narratives of seven students who joined a Braille course at the Federal Institute of Brasilia. Results suggest learners’ investment to learning Braille, given their hopes for participation in imagined communities, thus revealing aspects of the students’ identities and hopes for ongoing development in their careers. portuguesA medida em que nossas salas de aula se tornam cada vez mais inclusivas, observa-se um crescente e necessario interesse em relacao as minorias e aqueles que nao tem acesso aos recursos materiais e sociais necessarios a participacao efetiva na comunidade social. Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir identidades (HALL, 2006), investimento e comunidades imaginadas (NORTON, 2000) de alunos de Braille, por meio da analise de suas narrativas a respeito dos motivos que os levaram a procurar a formacao em Braille. Procuramos investigar as relacoes entre a motivacao dos alunos e suas identidades. Buscando alcancar esse objetivo, analisamos narrativas escritas de sete alunos participantes de um curso de formacao em Braille oferecido pelo Instituto Federal de Educacao, Ciencia e Tecnologia de Brasilia. Os resultados apontam o investimento dos alunos para aprender Braille, com base em seus desejos de participacao em comunidades imaginadas, revelando marcas identitarias dos participantes, assim como a busca pela formacao continuada em suas carreiras.
英语课堂变得越来越包容，人们越来越关注少数民族和经常被边缘化的人，他们被剥夺了平等获得社会物质资源的机会，而这些资源促进了社区的充分参与。本文旨在讨论身份(霍尔，2006年)，投资和想象的社区(诺顿，2000年)，通过书面叙述的盲文学生学习盲文的原因。我们试图了解学生的动机和他们的身份之间的关系。为了实现这一目标，我们分析了在巴西利亚联邦学院参加盲文课程的七名学生的书面叙述。结果表明，考虑到学习者希望参与想象中的社区，他们对学习盲文的投入，从而揭示了学生身份的各个方面以及他们对职业生涯持续发展的希望。葡萄牙“媒体”是一种具有包容性、观察性和渐进式的语言，是一种具有相关性的语言，是一种具有社会性的语言，是一种具有社会性的语言，是一种具有参与性和有效性的语言，是一种具有社会性的语言。Este artigo tem como object discutir identidades (HALL, 2006)， investinvest to e comcomides imaginadas (NORTON, 2000) de alunos de盲文，por meio数据分析(por meio data分析)分别分析了盲文的动机和动机，以及盲文的采购和形式。检察机关的调查是根据当事人的动机，根据当事人的身份进行的。巴西利亚科学技术学院，巴西利亚联邦教育学院，巴西利亚大学，巴西利亚大学，巴西利亚大学，巴西利亚大学，巴西利亚大学，巴西利亚大学，巴西利亚大学。研究结果表明:盲文对投资的影响、盲文对社区的影响、盲文对社区的影响、盲文对社区的影响、盲文对社区的影响、盲文对社区的影响、盲文对社区的影响、盲文对社区的影响、盲文对社区的影响、盲文对社区的影响。
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