Pub Date : 2026-01-30DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5c14085
Sungyu Choi,Doeun Son,Hyeong-Rok Jang,Soyoon Park,Haifeng Liu,Hyeon-Gyeong Lee,Hyunkyu Sang
Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea significantly threatens strawberry production. This study evaluated the efficacy of ipflufenoquin, a novel dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitor, against fungal pathogens isolated from Korean strawberry fields in 2023. Ipflufenoquin demonstrated a high in vitro sensitivity to B. cinerea and broad activity against other pathogens. Fruit and greenhouse trials confirmed its robust control of gray mold, including strains resistant to multiple fungicide classes. However, treatment shifted the fungal community, promoting less sensitive genera, such as Cladosporium and Rhizopus. Structural modeling with AlphaFold2 and molecular docking confirmed that ipflufenoquin binds to the quinone binding tunnel of DHODH, correlating binding affinity with susceptibility. Additionally, RNA-seq analysis revealed that ipflufenoquin suppresses primary metabolic pathways while triggering a robust stress response, up-regulating detoxification and efflux transporter genes. This integrated study confirms the efficacy of ipflufenoquin against gray mold and elucidates its molecular impacts, offering essential data for sustainable management strategies.
{"title":"Efficacy of Ipflufenoquin against Strawberry Gray Mold: Insights from AlphaFold- Based Structural Modeling and Genome-Wide Transcriptomic Analysis.","authors":"Sungyu Choi,Doeun Son,Hyeong-Rok Jang,Soyoon Park,Haifeng Liu,Hyeon-Gyeong Lee,Hyunkyu Sang","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c14085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c14085","url":null,"abstract":"Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea significantly threatens strawberry production. This study evaluated the efficacy of ipflufenoquin, a novel dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitor, against fungal pathogens isolated from Korean strawberry fields in 2023. Ipflufenoquin demonstrated a high in vitro sensitivity to B. cinerea and broad activity against other pathogens. Fruit and greenhouse trials confirmed its robust control of gray mold, including strains resistant to multiple fungicide classes. However, treatment shifted the fungal community, promoting less sensitive genera, such as Cladosporium and Rhizopus. Structural modeling with AlphaFold2 and molecular docking confirmed that ipflufenoquin binds to the quinone binding tunnel of DHODH, correlating binding affinity with susceptibility. Additionally, RNA-seq analysis revealed that ipflufenoquin suppresses primary metabolic pathways while triggering a robust stress response, up-regulating detoxification and efflux transporter genes. This integrated study confirms the efficacy of ipflufenoquin against gray mold and elucidates its molecular impacts, offering essential data for sustainable management strategies.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146073227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-30DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5c11994
Cheng-Wei Lu,Tzu-Yu Lin,Kuan-Ming Chiu,Ming-Yi Lee,Ya-Ying Chang,Su-Jane Wang
This research investigates how phlorizin, a plant-derived dihydrochalcone, modulates glutamate release in synaptosomes and exerts neuroprotective effects in a rat model of kainic acid (KA)-induced excitotoxicity. In rat cortical synaptosomes, phlorizin concentration-dependently inhibited evoked glutamate release (IC50 = 14.4 μM). This effect was abolished under calcium-free conditions or by blockade of P/Q type but not N type Ca2+ channels. In vivo, oral phlorizin pretreatment (100 mg/kg/day, 7 days) attenuated KA-induced seizures and neurodegeneration, restored NeuN and GAP-43 expression, and normalized cortical glutamate homeostasis by regulating GLT-1, glutamine synthetase, SNAT1/3, glutaminase, and VGLUT1. It shifted NMDA receptor subunit composition toward a neuroprotective profile (increasing GluN2A/GluN2B ratio) and suppressed astrocytic IL-1β/IL-1R1/Src signaling. Furthermore, phlorizin preserved blood brain barrier integrity by increasing ZO-1 and reducing albumin extravasation and MMP-9. These results demonstrate that phlorizin exerts multifaceted neuroprotection by inhibiting synaptic glutamate release, modulating glutamate homeostasis, and suppressing neuroinflammation and barrier disruption.
{"title":"Phlorizin Inhibits Glutamate Release from Cortical Synaptosomes and Protects against Kainic Acid-Induced Excitotoxicity in Rats.","authors":"Cheng-Wei Lu,Tzu-Yu Lin,Kuan-Ming Chiu,Ming-Yi Lee,Ya-Ying Chang,Su-Jane Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c11994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c11994","url":null,"abstract":"This research investigates how phlorizin, a plant-derived dihydrochalcone, modulates glutamate release in synaptosomes and exerts neuroprotective effects in a rat model of kainic acid (KA)-induced excitotoxicity. In rat cortical synaptosomes, phlorizin concentration-dependently inhibited evoked glutamate release (IC50 = 14.4 μM). This effect was abolished under calcium-free conditions or by blockade of P/Q type but not N type Ca2+ channels. In vivo, oral phlorizin pretreatment (100 mg/kg/day, 7 days) attenuated KA-induced seizures and neurodegeneration, restored NeuN and GAP-43 expression, and normalized cortical glutamate homeostasis by regulating GLT-1, glutamine synthetase, SNAT1/3, glutaminase, and VGLUT1. It shifted NMDA receptor subunit composition toward a neuroprotective profile (increasing GluN2A/GluN2B ratio) and suppressed astrocytic IL-1β/IL-1R1/Src signaling. Furthermore, phlorizin preserved blood brain barrier integrity by increasing ZO-1 and reducing albumin extravasation and MMP-9. These results demonstrate that phlorizin exerts multifaceted neuroprotection by inhibiting synaptic glutamate release, modulating glutamate homeostasis, and suppressing neuroinflammation and barrier disruption.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146073193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benzovindiflupyr (BZF) is a widely used succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor whose persistence complicates monitoring in food and environmental matrices. We implemented a capture-SELEX campaign that constrained ligand concentrations from low micromolar to submicromolar across 13 rounds, creating a low-pressure evolutionary bottleneck. This approach yielded two high-affinity aptamers: Apt.BZF01 (KD = 67.0 ± 9.7 nM) forming a parallel G-quadruplex and Apt.BZF02 (KD = 25.8 ± 5.8 nM) exhibiting ligand-induced fold-switching. Both aptamers showed no cross-reactivity against 21 pesticides. Leveraging Apt.BZF02's conformational switching, we developed a label-free Thioflavin T displacement assay achieving 17 nM detection limit that maintains performance in complex matrices, with 93-104% recoveries in grape homogenate. This study provides a sensitive detection platform and offers a generalizable blueprint for coupling low-target-pressure SELEX with fold-switch-enabled readouts for challenging hydrophobic targets.
{"title":"Low-Micromolar-Pressure Capture-SELEX Yields Fold-Switching DNA Aptamers for Label-Free Quantification of Benzovindiflupyr.","authors":"Weijuan Yang,Yufan Xiao,Lili An,Yubing Su,Zongwen Wang,Fengfu Fu,Jiangtao Gao","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c15044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c15044","url":null,"abstract":"Benzovindiflupyr (BZF) is a widely used succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor whose persistence complicates monitoring in food and environmental matrices. We implemented a capture-SELEX campaign that constrained ligand concentrations from low micromolar to submicromolar across 13 rounds, creating a low-pressure evolutionary bottleneck. This approach yielded two high-affinity aptamers: Apt.BZF01 (KD = 67.0 ± 9.7 nM) forming a parallel G-quadruplex and Apt.BZF02 (KD = 25.8 ± 5.8 nM) exhibiting ligand-induced fold-switching. Both aptamers showed no cross-reactivity against 21 pesticides. Leveraging Apt.BZF02's conformational switching, we developed a label-free Thioflavin T displacement assay achieving 17 nM detection limit that maintains performance in complex matrices, with 93-104% recoveries in grape homogenate. This study provides a sensitive detection platform and offers a generalizable blueprint for coupling low-target-pressure SELEX with fold-switch-enabled readouts for challenging hydrophobic targets.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"281 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146073228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ornamental plant Ficus microcarpa produces diverse bioactive triterpenoids. We functionally characterized eight oxidosqualene cyclases (FmOSC1-8), which together generate eight distinct triterpenol skeletons, underpinning the species chemical diversity. FmOSC1 was identified as a rare multifunctional ψ-taraxasterol synthase, the first of its kind in Moraceae. Key residues differentiating FmOSC1 from the α-amyrin-predominant FmOSC2 were pinpointed. Furthermore, a chromosomally linked gene pair (FmOSC3/FmCYP716A520) was shown to sequentially produce lupane-type derivatives. This cytochrome P450 (FmCYP716A520) exhibited broad substrate flexibility, processing intermediates from FmOSC1, FmOSC2, and FmOSC6 to form ψ-taraxastane-, ursane-, and oleanane-type products, respectively. Remarkably, CYP716A homologues from five other plant species could also utilize the FmOSC1 product, yielding oxidized derivatives and revealing conserved catalytic versatility within this enzyme subfamily. Our findings provide fundamental genetic insights into triterpenoid biosynthesis in F. microcarpa and offer valuable biocatalytic tools for synthetic biology applications.
{"title":"Characterization of the Key Enzymes and a Gene Pair in Triterpenoid Biosynthesis of Ficus microcarpa.","authors":"Jiabo Chen,Xiande Zhang,Jingyang Yue,Ruoshi Huang,Yaru She,Zhuoyi Zhang,Yonger Hu,Laibao Feng,Xiaoquan Qi,Aijia Ji,Zhongqiu Liu,Huina Zhou,Lixin Duan","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c12253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c12253","url":null,"abstract":"The ornamental plant Ficus microcarpa produces diverse bioactive triterpenoids. We functionally characterized eight oxidosqualene cyclases (FmOSC1-8), which together generate eight distinct triterpenol skeletons, underpinning the species chemical diversity. FmOSC1 was identified as a rare multifunctional ψ-taraxasterol synthase, the first of its kind in Moraceae. Key residues differentiating FmOSC1 from the α-amyrin-predominant FmOSC2 were pinpointed. Furthermore, a chromosomally linked gene pair (FmOSC3/FmCYP716A520) was shown to sequentially produce lupane-type derivatives. This cytochrome P450 (FmCYP716A520) exhibited broad substrate flexibility, processing intermediates from FmOSC1, FmOSC2, and FmOSC6 to form ψ-taraxastane-, ursane-, and oleanane-type products, respectively. Remarkably, CYP716A homologues from five other plant species could also utilize the FmOSC1 product, yielding oxidized derivatives and revealing conserved catalytic versatility within this enzyme subfamily. Our findings provide fundamental genetic insights into triterpenoid biosynthesis in F. microcarpa and offer valuable biocatalytic tools for synthetic biology applications.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146089042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mating is a key physiological state that changes insect olfactory sensitivity. Generally, mating-dependent olfactory plasticity reduces female responses to sex pheromones while elevating responses to oviposition cues. Beyond modulating behavioral preferences, mating induces transcriptional reprogramming of chemosensory genes such as odorant-binding proteins (OBPs). Therefore, mating-dependent OBPs represent strong candidate proteins mediating the enhanced perception of oviposition cues in mated females. We found that mating resulted in the upregulation of several OBPs in an invasive pest, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). Among them, OBP84a-2 bound to two oviposition cues (1-octen-3-ol and γ-octolactone) of B. dorsalis and OBP28a-2 bound to 1-octen-3-ol through binding-affinity assays, molecular docking, gene editing, and behavioral assays. Our results revealed that OBP84a-2 and OBP28a-2 played a role in perceiving oviposition cues. The results will facilitate the understanding of the molecular basis of the olfactory behaviors in B. dorsalis, which may provide potential targets for novel female attractant development against this notorious fly.
{"title":"Enhanced Female Preference to Oviposition Cues by Mating Induced Odorant-Binding Proteins in Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel).","authors":"Xiaofeng Chen,Deng Pan,Jin Zhao,JinJun Wang,Hongbo Jiang","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c12985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c12985","url":null,"abstract":"Mating is a key physiological state that changes insect olfactory sensitivity. Generally, mating-dependent olfactory plasticity reduces female responses to sex pheromones while elevating responses to oviposition cues. Beyond modulating behavioral preferences, mating induces transcriptional reprogramming of chemosensory genes such as odorant-binding proteins (OBPs). Therefore, mating-dependent OBPs represent strong candidate proteins mediating the enhanced perception of oviposition cues in mated females. We found that mating resulted in the upregulation of several OBPs in an invasive pest, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). Among them, OBP84a-2 bound to two oviposition cues (1-octen-3-ol and γ-octolactone) of B. dorsalis and OBP28a-2 bound to 1-octen-3-ol through binding-affinity assays, molecular docking, gene editing, and behavioral assays. Our results revealed that OBP84a-2 and OBP28a-2 played a role in perceiving oviposition cues. The results will facilitate the understanding of the molecular basis of the olfactory behaviors in B. dorsalis, which may provide potential targets for novel female attractant development against this notorious fly.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146089000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5c09916
Catrin S Günther,Mauren Jaudal,Olivia Angelin-Bonnet,Lindy Guo,Leonardo R Salgado,Rachelle Anderson,Karangawai Paringatai-Hare,Janine M Cooney,Tania M Trower,Lucia Ying,Dwayne A Jensen,Helen Boldingh,Trisha Pereira,Ruiling Wang,Annette Richardson,Simona Nardozza
Research to date has focused on understanding the hormonal and genetic factors regulating the transition from physiologically mature to ripe fruit. Knowledge of factors regulating the time from anthesis to fruit maturity, where the seed coat turns black and fruit becomes competent to ripen, is limited. Accumulations of nonstructural carbohydrates, organic acids, and phytohormones were profiled during fruit development of two kiwiberry (Actinidia arguta) genotypes with contrasting maturation times over two seasons. Seed maturation and rise in nonstructural carbohydrates were associated with salicylic acid (SA), abscisic acid, and their metabolites in fruit of the "Early" but not the "Late" maturing genotype. As identification of dynamic gene-metabolite interactions over time is challenging, three data integration frameworks (TimeOmics, MOFA, and MINT) were used to interrogate "omics" data and found to be complementary. SA-associated genes related to plant defense and immunity were identified as having a novel function in kiwiberry development, by promoting fruit maturation.
{"title":"Complementary Multiomics Integration Approaches Feature a Likely Role for Salicylic Acid Biology in Accelerating Kiwiberry (Actinidia arguta) Fruit Development.","authors":"Catrin S Günther,Mauren Jaudal,Olivia Angelin-Bonnet,Lindy Guo,Leonardo R Salgado,Rachelle Anderson,Karangawai Paringatai-Hare,Janine M Cooney,Tania M Trower,Lucia Ying,Dwayne A Jensen,Helen Boldingh,Trisha Pereira,Ruiling Wang,Annette Richardson,Simona Nardozza","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c09916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c09916","url":null,"abstract":"Research to date has focused on understanding the hormonal and genetic factors regulating the transition from physiologically mature to ripe fruit. Knowledge of factors regulating the time from anthesis to fruit maturity, where the seed coat turns black and fruit becomes competent to ripen, is limited. Accumulations of nonstructural carbohydrates, organic acids, and phytohormones were profiled during fruit development of two kiwiberry (Actinidia arguta) genotypes with contrasting maturation times over two seasons. Seed maturation and rise in nonstructural carbohydrates were associated with salicylic acid (SA), abscisic acid, and their metabolites in fruit of the \"Early\" but not the \"Late\" maturing genotype. As identification of dynamic gene-metabolite interactions over time is challenging, three data integration frameworks (TimeOmics, MOFA, and MINT) were used to interrogate \"omics\" data and found to be complementary. SA-associated genes related to plant defense and immunity were identified as having a novel function in kiwiberry development, by promoting fruit maturation.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"143 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146070042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5c09366
Cong Zhang,Yingxi Luo,Yangkun Xiong,Liang Chen,Haixia Zhao,Zhenpeng Qiu,Yuan Yang
Gigantol, a naturally active molecule derived from the edible plant Dendrobium, has been demonstrated to have hepatoprotective potential, but its effect in the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) remains unclear. Here, we found that gigantol treatment greatly corrected dyslipidemia, hepatic dysfunction, and hepatic histological changes that arrested MASH occurrence in high-fat and high-fructose-diet (HFFD)-fed mice. Mechanistically, gigantol promoted the nuclear translocation of the transcription factor EB (TFEB) to regulate the key factors of lipophagy and fatty acid oxidation to maintain hepatic lipid metabolism homeostasis. Consistent results were observed in palmitic acid-induced cell models. Notably, silencing TFEB reversed the effect of gigantol in enhancing lipophagy and fatty acid oxidation in vivo and in vitro. In summary, this study provides strong evidence to demonstrate that gigantol attenuates HFFD-induced MASH by promoting TFEB-dependent lipophagy and fatty acid oxidation, suggesting that gigantol, an edible plant-derived compound, is promising to be developed as a therapeutic drug for MASH in the future.
{"title":"Gigantol Ameliorates Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis by Promoting TFEB-Mediated Lipophagy and Fatty Acid Oxidation.","authors":"Cong Zhang,Yingxi Luo,Yangkun Xiong,Liang Chen,Haixia Zhao,Zhenpeng Qiu,Yuan Yang","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c09366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c09366","url":null,"abstract":"Gigantol, a naturally active molecule derived from the edible plant Dendrobium, has been demonstrated to have hepatoprotective potential, but its effect in the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) remains unclear. Here, we found that gigantol treatment greatly corrected dyslipidemia, hepatic dysfunction, and hepatic histological changes that arrested MASH occurrence in high-fat and high-fructose-diet (HFFD)-fed mice. Mechanistically, gigantol promoted the nuclear translocation of the transcription factor EB (TFEB) to regulate the key factors of lipophagy and fatty acid oxidation to maintain hepatic lipid metabolism homeostasis. Consistent results were observed in palmitic acid-induced cell models. Notably, silencing TFEB reversed the effect of gigantol in enhancing lipophagy and fatty acid oxidation in vivo and in vitro. In summary, this study provides strong evidence to demonstrate that gigantol attenuates HFFD-induced MASH by promoting TFEB-dependent lipophagy and fatty acid oxidation, suggesting that gigantol, an edible plant-derived compound, is promising to be developed as a therapeutic drug for MASH in the future.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146073233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5c12437
Seok Hee Han,Mei Tong He,Kyung-Wan Baek,Hyun Young Kim,Sanghyun Lee,Ah Young Lee
Neuroinflammation can be brought on by intestinal inflammatory agents and metabolites generated by the gut microbiota that can pass across the blood-brain barrier. Taraxacum coreanum is rich in the bioactive compound luteolin (LT), a molecule known for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The current research investigated whether LT prevents inflammatory responses and barrier dysfunction in the brain and gut of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-injected mice. LT (10 and 20 mg/kg/day) effectively lowered the brain levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines triggered by LPS stimulation. Moreover, occludin and ZO-1 are two tight junction proteins whose expression was markedly elevated by LT. In the intestine, LT not only attenuated the levels of inflammatory mediators but also markedly upregulated tight junction protein expression relative to the LPS-treated group. LT markedly reversed LPS-induced dysbiosis by increasing beneficial taxa such as Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota, Murivaculaceae, and Lactobacillus. In addition, LT reduced the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Desulfovibrio. Collectively, LT from Taraxacum coreanum may attenuate neuroinflammation and maintain blood-brain barrier integrity by suppressing inflammatory responses, protecting the gut barrier, and modulating the gut microbiome.
{"title":"Protective Effect of Luteolin Isolated from Taraxacum coreanum Against Neuroinflammatory Responses Induced by Lipopolysaccharide: Involvement of Gut-Brain Axis.","authors":"Seok Hee Han,Mei Tong He,Kyung-Wan Baek,Hyun Young Kim,Sanghyun Lee,Ah Young Lee","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c12437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c12437","url":null,"abstract":"Neuroinflammation can be brought on by intestinal inflammatory agents and metabolites generated by the gut microbiota that can pass across the blood-brain barrier. Taraxacum coreanum is rich in the bioactive compound luteolin (LT), a molecule known for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The current research investigated whether LT prevents inflammatory responses and barrier dysfunction in the brain and gut of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-injected mice. LT (10 and 20 mg/kg/day) effectively lowered the brain levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines triggered by LPS stimulation. Moreover, occludin and ZO-1 are two tight junction proteins whose expression was markedly elevated by LT. In the intestine, LT not only attenuated the levels of inflammatory mediators but also markedly upregulated tight junction protein expression relative to the LPS-treated group. LT markedly reversed LPS-induced dysbiosis by increasing beneficial taxa such as Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota, Murivaculaceae, and Lactobacillus. In addition, LT reduced the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Desulfovibrio. Collectively, LT from Taraxacum coreanum may attenuate neuroinflammation and maintain blood-brain barrier integrity by suppressing inflammatory responses, protecting the gut barrier, and modulating the gut microbiome.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146073235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5c12826
Yan Zhang,Chibuike C Udenigwe,Zhaojun Zheng,Yuanfa Liu
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease caused by disrupted bone homeostasis. Black-bean-derived oligopeptides have shown promise as natural osteogenic candidates, yet their roles in mitigating osteoporosis based on gut microecology modulation remain poorly understood. In this study, black-bean-hydrolyzed peptides (<1 kDa), KIGT, and KGVG significantly improved bone mass and microarchitecture in ovariectomy (OVX) mice, primarily owing to osteoanabolic activities. All three oligopeptides ameliorated gut microbiota dysbiosis by increasing the abundance of Bacteroides, Bilophila, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus, which were highly associated with the intestinal levels of glutamic acid and α-ketoglutaric acid (α-KG). Notably, α-KG exhibited the strongest positive correlation with bone mass in OVX mice. In vitro assays confirmed that α-KG stimulated bone formation by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. This study highlights the antiosteoporosis effects of black-bean oligopeptides via regulation of the gut microbiota and metabolites, providing novel mechanistic insights into peptide-based therapies for bone-related disorders.
{"title":"Black-Bean-Derived Oligopeptides Ameliorate Osteoporosis via Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Glutamate Metabolism.","authors":"Yan Zhang,Chibuike C Udenigwe,Zhaojun Zheng,Yuanfa Liu","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c12826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c12826","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease caused by disrupted bone homeostasis. Black-bean-derived oligopeptides have shown promise as natural osteogenic candidates, yet their roles in mitigating osteoporosis based on gut microecology modulation remain poorly understood. In this study, black-bean-hydrolyzed peptides (<1 kDa), KIGT, and KGVG significantly improved bone mass and microarchitecture in ovariectomy (OVX) mice, primarily owing to osteoanabolic activities. All three oligopeptides ameliorated gut microbiota dysbiosis by increasing the abundance of Bacteroides, Bilophila, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus, which were highly associated with the intestinal levels of glutamic acid and α-ketoglutaric acid (α-KG). Notably, α-KG exhibited the strongest positive correlation with bone mass in OVX mice. In vitro assays confirmed that α-KG stimulated bone formation by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. This study highlights the antiosteoporosis effects of black-bean oligopeptides via regulation of the gut microbiota and metabolites, providing novel mechanistic insights into peptide-based therapies for bone-related disorders.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146073237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the consumer pursuit for natural antioxidants, astaxanthin production by Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous has garnered significant interest. However, the limited production levels hinder the industrial application of astaxanthin. This study systematically examined the effects of metabolic regulators including metal ions, surfactants, and vegetable oils on the astaxanthin synthesis by X. dendrorhous LX6. Transcriptome analysis found that genes of crtYB and crtI for astaxanthin synthesis, adhp, acat, and fadD for lipid metabolism, and pla2g7 for cell membrane synthesis played major roles in the regulation of astaxanthin synthesis after the supplementation of metabolic regulators. Lipidomics analysis showed that the supplementation of Tween 80 or corn oil can regulate the fluidity of the cell membrane, affecting the astaxanthin production. Ultimately, X. dendrorhous LX6 synthesized 714.7 mg/L of astaxanthin using wheat straw hydrolysate as the substrate under the optimized conditions with the astaxanthin content of 18 mg/g, offering valuable insights for the industrial application of X. dendrorhous.
{"title":"Influence of Metabolic Regulators on the Astaxanthin Synthesis by Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous and the Transcriptome Analysis.","authors":"Dawei Zhou,Lixin Yang,Fang Guo,Feng Guo,Yujia Jiang,Wenming Zhang,Wankui Jiang,Fengxue Xin,Min Jiang","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c09144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c09144","url":null,"abstract":"With the consumer pursuit for natural antioxidants, astaxanthin production by Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous has garnered significant interest. However, the limited production levels hinder the industrial application of astaxanthin. This study systematically examined the effects of metabolic regulators including metal ions, surfactants, and vegetable oils on the astaxanthin synthesis by X. dendrorhous LX6. Transcriptome analysis found that genes of crtYB and crtI for astaxanthin synthesis, adhp, acat, and fadD for lipid metabolism, and pla2g7 for cell membrane synthesis played major roles in the regulation of astaxanthin synthesis after the supplementation of metabolic regulators. Lipidomics analysis showed that the supplementation of Tween 80 or corn oil can regulate the fluidity of the cell membrane, affecting the astaxanthin production. Ultimately, X. dendrorhous LX6 synthesized 714.7 mg/L of astaxanthin using wheat straw hydrolysate as the substrate under the optimized conditions with the astaxanthin content of 18 mg/g, offering valuable insights for the industrial application of X. dendrorhous.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146073278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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