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Perspectiva de género en la educación universitaria: el caso de los grados en turismo en Cataluña 大学教育中的性别观点:以加泰罗尼亚旅游学位为例
IF 2.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.17583/rimcis.8156
Ester NOGUER-JUNCÀ, Montserrat Crespi-Vallbona
Como recoge el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) número 5, diferentes normativas y la literatura científica, la formación de los directivos en perspectiva de género es necesidad y requisito para conseguir unas organizaciones que eliminen las normas masculinas invisibles y transformen las relaciones tradicionales de género. Así, uno de los desafíos que afronta la sociedad actual es formar y concienciar a los futuros ejecutivos en la relevancia de la igualdad de género en las estructuras organizativas venideras. En este sentido, el presente artículo tiene como objetivos analizar el diseño de las asignaturas y la asimilación de contenidos por parte del alumnado universitario del Grado en Turismo y del Grado en Gestión Hotelera y Turística de Cataluña acerca de la implantación de las políticas institucionales y de las iniciativas privadas en igualdad de género. Para ello, se realiza una revisión de los planes docentes de las distintas universidades públicas y privadas y se recogen datos acerca del conocimiento del estudiantado a través de un cuestionario dicotómico. Los resultados indican que, a pesar de que la perspectiva de género se está incorporando lentamente en la docencia universitaria de los grados en turismo, todavía queda un largo recorrido. Consecuentemente, los conocimientos que manifiesta tener el estudiantado acerca de esta temática son todavía mínimos.
正如可持续发展目标(sdg)第5号、不同的法规和科学文献所述,对管理人员进行性别视角培训是实现组织消除无形的男性规范和改变传统性别关系的必要和必要条件。因此,当今社会面临的挑战之一是培训和提高未来高管对性别平等在未来组织结构中的重要性的认识。在这方面,本条的目的是分析课程的设计和内容理解学生本科毕业旅游与酒店管理本科和加泰罗尼亚旅游政策实施机构和私人行动在性别平等。本研究的目的是分析公立和私立大学的教学计划,并通过二分问卷收集学生的知识数据。本研究的目的是评估在旅游专业的大学教学中纳入性别观点的重要性,以及在旅游专业的大学教学中纳入性别观点的重要性。因此,学生对这门学科的知识仍然很少。
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引用次数: 0
Fear to Retaliation: The Most Frequent Reason for Not Helping Victims of Gender Violence 害怕报复:不帮助性别暴力受害者的最常见原因
IF 2.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-05-17 DOI: 10.17583/RIMCIS.2021.8305
Patricia Melgar, Gemma Geis-Carreras, R. Flecha, Marta Soler
When faced with situations of gender-based violence, one becomes exposed to risk in giving support to the victim (van Reemst, Fischer, & WC Zwirs, 2015, Hamby, Weber, Grych, & Banyard, 2016; Liebst, Heinskou & Ejbye-Ernst, 2018). This form of violence, second order of sexual harassment (SOSH), occurs when people who support victims of gender-based violence experience violence themselves because of this positioning (Vidu et al., 2017; Flecha, 2021). There is little research on the subject. Through a quantitative study carried out with 1541 Spaniards over 18 years of age, we provide, for the first time, quantitative evidence of the incidence of SOSH in the responses of people who have been aware of a situation of gender-based violence. Our results show that SOSH is an important obstacle; 40% of people who did not offer help in the case of gender-based violence did not do so for reasons that correspond to SOSH.We concluded that the fear of suffering SOSH can condition people’s reactions in the environment, thereby limiting the possibility of female victims of violence receiving help.
当面对基于性别的暴力情况时,一个人在向受害者提供支持时面临风险(van Reemst, Fischer, & WC Zwirs, 2015; Hamby, Weber, Grych, & Banyard, 2016;Liebst, Heinskou & ejbyye - ernst, 2018)。这种形式的暴力,即第二级性骚扰(SOSH),发生在支持基于性别的暴力受害者的人自己因为这种定位而遭受暴力时(Vidu et al., 2017;Flecha, 2021)。关于这个问题的研究很少。通过对1541名18岁以上的西班牙人进行的定量研究,我们首次提供了定量证据,证明在了解基于性别的暴力情况的人的反应中,性侵的发生率。我们的结果表明,SOSH是一个重要的障碍;在发生基于性别的暴力事件时没有提供帮助的人中,有40%的人没有提供帮助的原因与性暴力行为相关。我们的结论是,对遭受SOSH的恐惧会影响人们在环境中的反应,从而限制了女性暴力受害者获得帮助的可能性。
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引用次数: 13
Digital literacy and online child abuse among primary school children in Langata Sub-county, Nairobi City County in Kenya 肯尼亚内罗毕市县兰加塔县小学生的数字素养和网络虐待问题
IF 2.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-05 DOI: 10.17583/RIMCIS.2021.5566
Wilkins Ndege Muhingi, J. Mavole, M. Nzau
Kenya introduced Digischool to public primary schools to prepare children for today’s digital world attracting a cyber-threat landscape. Utilising a descriptive cross-sectional design within a concurrent mixed approach, the study examined the relationship between digital literacy intervention and online child abuse among primary school children in Langata sub-county. Targeted, were children between 9 and 17 years from private and public primary schools, teachers, parents and policy makers and child protection officers. Godden’s formula informed purposive and random sampling of 384 respondents, plus a 10% (423) respondents for Key Informant interviews and focused discussions. Quantitative and qualitative data was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics and content analysis with the help of SPSS version 22 and Nvivo version 12 respectively. The study revealed stakeholders intervened in online child abuse at various levels using a number of strategies.  The study revealed a significant relationship between the type of school and exposure to online. Since the p-value (0.000) was less than alpha (0.05) and we conclude there was a significant relationship between the type of school and exposure to online child abuse.  There is need for a systems thinking and concerted multi-sectorial approach to improvement of digital literacy hence protecting children online. 
肯尼亚将数码学校引入公立小学,让孩子们为当今吸引网络威胁的数字世界做好准备。本研究采用并行混合方法中的描述性横断面设计,调查了兰加塔县小学生中数字扫盲干预与在线虐待儿童之间的关系。调查对象是私立和公立小学9至17岁的儿童、教师、家长、政策制定者和儿童保护官员。戈登的公式为384名受访者提供了有目的和随机抽样的信息,加上10%(423)的受访者进行了关键信息提供者访谈和重点讨论。定量和定性数据分别采用描述性统计和推断性统计以及内容分析,分别使用SPSS version 22和Nvivo version 12进行分析。该研究揭示了利益相关者在不同程度上使用多种策略干预在线虐待儿童。该研究揭示了学校类型与网络接触之间的重要关系。由于p值(0.000)小于α值(0.05),我们得出结论,学校类型与在线儿童虐待暴露之间存在显著关系。有必要采取系统思考和协调一致的多部门方法来提高数字素养,从而保护在线儿童。
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引用次数: 0
‘Sana All’ Inclusive Education amid COVID-19: Challenges, Strategies, and Prospects of Special Education Teachers 2019冠状病毒病背景下的“全纳”全纳教育:特殊教育教师的挑战、策略与前景
IF 2.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-03-30 DOI: 10.17583/RIMCIS.2020.6316
C. Toquero
People with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND) are confronted with diverse challenges as COVID-19 caused tremendous disruption in face-to-face educational settings. Apart from this situation, teachers are also facing difficulties in making their lessons adaptive and responsive to the educational learning needs of people with SEND. This article explores the challenges, strategies, and prospects of teachers for inclusive education during the pandemic. Using a qualitative approach, the researcher gathered data through Messenger chatbot and emails with five special education teachers in the Philippines. Findings revealed that the teachers’ experience educational apprehensions, intermittent virtual socialization, and psychological crisis. However, the teachers assisted the parents in supervising their children with disabilities' through online communication, homeschooling, parental engagement, psychological safety, and empathetic language strategies. The special education teachers also look forward to inclusivity in school policies and government-driven emergency interventions for people with developmental disabilities.
由于COVID-19对面对面教育环境造成巨大破坏,有特殊教育需要和残疾的人(SEND)面临着各种挑战。除了这种情况外,教师在使他们的课程适应和响应SEND患者的教育学习需求方面也面临困难。本文探讨了大流行期间教师在全纳教育方面面临的挑战、策略和前景。研究人员采用定性方法,通过Messenger聊天机器人和电子邮件与菲律宾的五位特殊教育教师收集数据。调查结果显示,教师存在教育忧虑、间歇性虚拟社交和心理危机。然而,教师通过在线交流、在家上学、家长参与、心理安全以及共情语言策略来协助家长监督他们的残疾孩子。特殊教育教师还期待在学校政策和政府推动的针对发育障碍者的紧急干预措施中体现包容性。
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引用次数: 12
Malaysian Sandwich Generation Issues and Challenges in Elderly Parents Care 马来西亚“三明治一代”在老年父母照顾中的问题和挑战
IF 2.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-11-30 DOI: 10.17583/rimcis.2020.5277
Shaista Noor, F. Isa
Ageing is a growing concern all around the world. It is the biggest challenge for developing and developed countries, including Malaysia. Malaysia is a country, where ageing care centre runs under the government, NGOs and public sector, and recently few of the religious centres and entrepreneurs are working in this regard. However, still the facilities are lacking ; therefore; all across Malaysia Sandwich Generation families are still providing support to the elderly by themselves. Hence, this paper aims to highlight the concept of Sandwich Generation under the perspective of ageing issues in Malaysia. The “Sandwich Generation” is still an unknown term for Malaysian Society. It practically focuses on the new inclinations in a familial responsibility in the form of support and care for elderly parents along with children. This paper discusses the issues and challenges confronted by the sandwich generation (who are taking care of family and supporting elderly) residing in the leading states of Malaysia. This study adopts the qualitative research strategy, and the population consists of five sandwich generation families living in main states of Malaysia (Johor, Penang, Kedah, Selangor and Klang Valley area). The results highlight that issues such as financial, emotional, dim future, stress, fewer savings and time management are main issues confronting sandwich generation while they perform their role as a caregiver in Malaysia. A recommendation plan is being produced by keeping in view the problems facing by the sandwich generation.
老龄化是全世界日益关注的问题。这是包括马来西亚在内的发展中国家和发达国家面临的最大挑战。马来西亚是一个由政府、非政府组织和公共部门管理的老年护理中心的国家,最近很少有宗教中心和企业家在这方面开展工作。然而,设施仍然缺乏;因此;在马来西亚,“三明治一代”家庭仍在独自赡养老人。因此,本文旨在强调在马来西亚老龄化问题的视角下三明治一代的概念。对于马来西亚社会来说,“三明治一代”仍然是一个不为人知的名词。它实际上侧重于家庭责任的新倾向,其形式是支持和照顾年迈的父母和子女。本文讨论了三明治一代(谁正在照顾家庭和支持老人)居住在马来西亚的主要国家所面临的问题和挑战。本研究采用定性研究策略,人口由居住在马来西亚主要州(柔佛州,槟城,吉打州,雪兰莪州和巴生谷地区)的五个三明治一代家庭组成。调查结果显示,经济、情感、前景黯淡、压力、储蓄不足和时间管理等问题是马来西亚“三明治一代”在照顾孩子时面临的主要问题。考虑到三明治一代面临的问题,正在制定一项建议计划。
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引用次数: 15
Power and Cultures of the World. Developing New Social Architectures of Influence in the UN: A Network Analysis 世界权力与文化。在联合国发展新的社会影响架构:网络分析
IF 2.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-10-29 DOI: 10.17583/rimcis.2020.5248
Livia García-Faroldi, Valeria Bello
The most important sociologists have discussed whether it is the social structure that produces individual behaviours or the latters are only the results of individuals’ will. In the literature of international relations, as well, a similar debate about the structure-agency problem has developed: in this context, the central question is whether or not there exist external sources of influences for the decisions that states take in international politics. This article, by sharing an integrative and post-structural approach (Archer, 1995; Foucault, 1970) proposes an empirical analysis of the formation of power architectures within the UN-SC surrounding the question of Intercultural Dialogue. A Social Network Analysis checks whether the way actors exercise power is concurrently the result of individual wills whose contents follows both institutional and cultural conditioning. Findings show that there is not a fixed structure of power relations which can be given for granted but it is continuously negotiated through both practices and social interactions. However, both institutional and, above all, cultural factors shape power relations.
最重要的社会学家讨论了是社会结构产生了个人行为,还是个人行为只是个人意志的结果。在国际关系的文献中,也出现了类似的关于结构-代理问题的辩论:在这种背景下,核心问题是国家在国际政治中所做的决定是否存在外部影响来源。本文通过分享整合和后结构方法(Archer, 1995;福柯(Foucault, 1970)围绕跨文化对话的问题,对联合国安理会内部权力架构的形成进行了实证分析。社会网络分析检查行为者行使权力的方式是否同时是个人意志的结果,其内容遵循制度和文化条件。研究结果表明,权力关系并没有一个固定的结构,它可以被认为是理所当然的,而是通过实践和社会互动不断协商。然而,制度因素,尤其是文化因素,共同塑造了权力关系。
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引用次数: 1
Determination of women’s voting behavior; A machine learning approach in the Turkish political arena 女性投票行为的确定;土耳其政治舞台上的机器学习方法
IF 2.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-09-08 DOI: 10.17583/rimcis.2020.5027
Nizamettin Bayyurt, Havva Çaha
Justice and Development Party (AKP) has been the ruling and biggest party in Turkey (AKP) since it has been established in 2002 and Republican People’s Party (CHP) has been the main opposition party (CHP) since then. These two parties receive about 75% of all the votes and half of the voters are females.  To our knowledge, there is no such a study focusing on women’s party preferences in Turkey. Additionally, this is one of the very few studies in Turkey concerning voters’ party preferences. Therefore, this study aims to fill this gap in the literature. In this study, the important attributes of women in party selection decisions are analyzed. Center-periphery and social mobility theories are the two main theories explaining Turkish political life. The analyzed ideological, cultural, religious, social, economic and demographic characteristics of women supporters are selected according to these theories. Machine-learning techniques are employed as predictive tools. Results show that ideological attitudes like being leftist-rightist and religious values like headscarf, fasting in Ramadan, and praying are the most important effective attributes on party selection of women. However, socioeconomic, cultural, educational and demographic atributes are not effective on party selection of women in Turkey.
正义与发展党(AKP)自2002年成立以来一直是土耳其的执政党和最大党,共和人民党(CHP)自那时起一直是主要的反对党(CHP)。这两个政党获得了75%的选票,其中一半的选民是女性。据我们所知,目前还没有针对土耳其女性政党偏好的研究。此外,这是土耳其为数不多的关于选民政党偏好的研究之一。因此,本研究旨在填补这一文献空白。本研究分析了女性在政党选择决策中的重要属性。中心边缘理论和社会流动理论是解释土耳其政治生活的两大主要理论。根据这些理论分析了女性支持者的思想、文化、宗教、社会、经济和人口特征。机器学习技术被用作预测工具。结果显示,左右翼等意识形态态度和头巾、斋月禁食、祈祷等宗教价值观是影响女性政党选择的最重要有效因素。然而,社会经济、文化、教育和人口特征对土耳其妇女的政党选择并不有效。
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引用次数: 0
False news around COVID-19 circulated less on Sina Weibo than on Twitter. How to overcome false information? 新浪微博上关于新冠肺炎的假新闻比推特上传播的要少。如何克服虚假信息?
IF 2.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-04-13 DOI: 10.17583/rimcis.2020.5386
Cristina Pulido Rodríguez, Beatriz Villarejo Carballido, Gisela Redondo-Sama, Mengna Guo, M. Ramis, R. Flecha
Since the Coronavirus health emergency was declared, many are the fake news that have circulated around this topic, including rumours, conspiracy theories and myths. According to the World Economic Forum, fake news is one of the threats in today's societies, since this type of information circulates fast and is often inaccurate and misleading. Moreover, fake-news are far more shared than evidence-based news among social media users and thus, this can potentially lead to decisions that do not consider the individual’s best interest. Drawing from this evidence, the present study aims at comparing the type of Tweets and Sina Weibo posts regarding COVID-19 that contain either false or scientific veracious information. To that end 1923 messages from each social media were retrieved, classified and compared. Results show that there is more false news published and shared on Twitter than in Sina Weibo, at the same time science-based evidence is more shared on Twitter than in Weibo but less than false news. This stresses the need to find effective practices to limit the circulation of false information.
自冠状病毒卫生紧急状态宣布以来,围绕这一话题流传的许多假新闻,包括谣言、阴谋论和神话。据世界经济论坛称,假新闻是当今社会的威胁之一,因为这类信息传播迅速,往往是不准确和误导的。此外,在社交媒体用户中,假新闻比基于证据的新闻分享得更多,因此,这可能会导致不考虑个人最佳利益的决定。根据这一证据,本研究旨在比较关于COVID-19的推文和新浪微博帖子的类型,这些帖子包含虚假信息或科学真实信息。为此,从每个社交媒体检索、分类和比较了1923条信息。结果表明,Twitter上发布和分享的虚假新闻多于新浪微博,同时Twitter上科学证据的分享多于微博,但少于虚假新闻。这强调需要找到有效的做法来限制虚假信息的传播。
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引用次数: 67
Untold Stories: A Study of Sudanese and Syrian Refugees in Estonia 不为人知的故事:对爱沙尼亚境内苏丹和叙利亚难民的研究
IF 2.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-03-30 DOI: 10.17583/rimcis.2020.5131
Aminul Islam
The aim of this study was to explore the coping resources and the present and past experiences of two groups with refugee experiences in Estonia through narrative approach. Avert narratives, Struggling narratives, Instantaneous narratives, Boundary narratives, and Re-occurrence narratives identified through the interviews with 12 refugees. Differences between this two groups and individual accounts were also identified. The structure of the narratives, identity construction while in exile and coping mechanism through the narratives shaped their life stories and lives in exile. One significant outcome of this study is the lack of compatibility of the stories between two groups, through which five narratives established to elaborate the variety of their accounts.
本研究的目的是透过叙述的方法,探讨在爱沙尼亚有难民经历的两个群体的应对资源和现在和过去的经验。通过对12名难民的采访,确定了回避叙事、挣扎叙事、瞬时叙事、边界叙事和再发生叙事。这两个群体和个人账户之间的差异也被确定。叙事结构、流亡身份建构和应对机制塑造了他们的人生故事和流亡生活。这项研究的一个重要结果是两个群体之间的故事缺乏兼容性,通过这五种叙述来阐述他们的叙述的多样性。
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引用次数: 2
Theorizing Beta Thalassemia Major: an Overview of Health Sociology 理论化β地中海贫血:健康社会学综述
IF 2.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-03-30 DOI: 10.17583/rimcis.2020.5113
Muhammad Abo ul Hassan Rashid, S. Abbasi
This research focuses on specific models of health and illness, explored by many researchers across the world. The sequential variations and critic of each model is summed up by researcher and the relevant theoretical orientations of beta thalassemia major have been tried to integrate. Beta thalassemia major is a common genetic disorder, due to abnormalities in human globin (alpha or beta). The highest prevalence rate of disease has been seen in Saudi Arabia, Jordon, India, Bangladesh and Pakistan, due to repeated cousin marriages, strong beliefs of cultural and traditional practices and lack of knowledge for the prevention and management of beta thalassemia major. The focus of epidemiologists remained on genetic causes and ignored the social, cultural, religious and psychological factors which preponderate over biological aspects of health. The academician and health experts lacked to focus the theoretical orientations of beta thalassemia major, this paper elucidates the models of health and illness and provides and logical theoretical itinerary for beta thalassemia major.
这项研究的重点是健康和疾病的特定模型,世界各地的许多研究人员都在探索这些模型。研究者总结了各模型的序列变化和批判,并尝试整合β -地中海贫血的相关理论方向。乙型地中海贫血是一种常见的遗传性疾病,由人类珠蛋白(α或β)异常引起。发病率最高的国家是沙特阿拉伯、约旦、印度、孟加拉国和巴基斯坦,原因是频繁的表亲通婚、对文化和传统习俗的强烈信仰以及缺乏预防和管理乙型地中海贫血的知识。流行病学家仍然把重点放在遗传原因上,而忽略了社会、文化、宗教和心理因素,这些因素比健康的生物方面更为重要。学术界和卫生专家缺乏关注β -地中海贫血的理论方向,本文阐述了健康与疾病的模型,为β -地中海贫血提供了逻辑的理论路线。
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引用次数: 3
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