首页 > 最新文献

Organon F最新文献

英文 中文
On Anaphors Linked to Names Used Metaphorically 论与隐喻名称相关的回指
IF 0.5 3区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2021-01-28 DOI: 10.31577/ORGF.2021.28111
E. Corazza, Chris Genovesi
In their 2018 paper “On the Metaphoric Use of (Fictional) Proper Names”, Corazza & Genovesi explored what speakers do when they utter a fictional name in a metaphorical way to refer to actual individuals. The example given was “Odysseus returned home” referring to their friend Bill, who had returned after a long and hectic journey. With such an example in mind, Corazza & Genovesi claimed that speakers produce a metaphorical utterance where properties of Odysseus are mapped onto the referent that the speaker intends so that they refer to that person. That is to say, the name “Odysseus” somewhat ceases to be a proper name, and instead becomes something akin to a Donnellan’s referential use of descriptions, i.e. a description that successfully picks out an object of discourse even if the latter does not satisfy the descriptive content conveyed by the description. In our example Bill does not satisfy the property of being called “Odysseus”. In this paper, we connect the previous work by Corazza & Genovesi’s with anaphora, in particular with the use of anaphoric definite descriptions linked to a metaphorical use of a proper name. With fictional proper names in mind, we are interested 254 Eros Corazza – Christopher Genovesi Organon F 28 (1) 2021: 253–268 in cases where speakers anaphorically refer to the actual referent. For example, we are interested in utterances of the sort “Odysseus returned home, he1 is hungry” or “Odysseus1 returned home, the/that brave soldier1 is hungry”, where “Odysseus” is metaphorically used to refer to the actual person, Bill, the individual the speaker has in mind. Such sentences leave us wondering how the anaphoric pronoun or description simultaneously carries the content from the fictional subject, and refers to Bill. On a cursory analysis, anaphora forces the properties attributed to the actual referent (e.g., Bill) into the background, like pragmatic presupposition. In the cases of anaphoric complex demonstratives and definite descriptions, the speaker emphasizes, or makes salient the further implications shared between the fictional character (e.g., Odysseus) and the actual referent (e.g., Bill; and that Bill, like Odysseus, had a harrowing journey).
Corazza和Genovesi在2018年的论文《论(虚构的)专有名词的隐喻性使用》中探讨了当说话者以隐喻的方式说出虚构的名字来指代实际的个人时,他们会做什么。举个例子是“奥德修斯回家了”,指的是他们的朋友比尔,他在经历了漫长而忙碌的旅程后回来了。考虑到这样一个例子,Corazza和Genovesi声称,说话者产生了一种隐喻性话语,奥德修斯的属性被映射到说话者想要的指称对象上,从而指称那个人。也就是说,“奥德修斯”这个名字在某种程度上不再是一个恰当的名字,而是变成了类似于唐纳兰对描述的指称性使用,即一种成功地挑选出话语对象的描述,即使后者不满足描述所传达的描述性内容。在我们的例子中,比尔不满足被称为“奥德修斯”的性质。在本文中,我们将Corazza和Genovesi的先前工作与回指联系起来,特别是与专有名称的隐喻使用相关的回指明确描述的使用。考虑到虚构的专有名称,我们感兴趣的是254 Eros Corazza–Christopher Genovesi Organon F 28(1)2021:253–268在说话者回指实际指称的情况下。例如,我们对“奥德修斯回家了,他饿了”或“奥德修斯回来了,勇敢的士兵饿了”之类的话语感兴趣,其中“奥德修斯”被比喻为实际的人,比尔,说话者心目中的那个人。这样的句子让我们想知道回指代词或描述是如何同时携带虚构主题的内容,并指代比尔的。粗略地分析,回指将实际被指对象(如Bill)的属性强行置于背景中,就像语用预设一样。在回指复杂指示词和明确描述的情况下,说话者强调或突出虚构人物(例如奥德修斯)和实际指代物(例如比尔;比尔和奥德修斯一样,经历了一段痛苦的旅程)之间的进一步含义。
{"title":"On Anaphors Linked to Names Used Metaphorically","authors":"E. Corazza, Chris Genovesi","doi":"10.31577/ORGF.2021.28111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/ORGF.2021.28111","url":null,"abstract":"In their 2018 paper “On the Metaphoric Use of (Fictional) Proper Names”, Corazza & Genovesi explored what speakers do when they utter a fictional name in a metaphorical way to refer to actual individuals. The example given was “Odysseus returned home” referring to their friend Bill, who had returned after a long and hectic journey. With such an example in mind, Corazza & Genovesi claimed that speakers produce a metaphorical utterance where properties of Odysseus are mapped onto the referent that the speaker intends so that they refer to that person. That is to say, the name “Odysseus” somewhat ceases to be a proper name, and instead becomes something akin to a Donnellan’s referential use of descriptions, i.e. a description that successfully picks out an object of discourse even if the latter does not satisfy the descriptive content conveyed by the description. In our example Bill does not satisfy the property of being called “Odysseus”. In this paper, we connect the previous work by Corazza & Genovesi’s with anaphora, in particular with the use of anaphoric definite descriptions linked to a metaphorical use of a proper name. With fictional proper names in mind, we are interested 254 Eros Corazza – Christopher Genovesi Organon F 28 (1) 2021: 253–268 in cases where speakers anaphorically refer to the actual referent. For example, we are interested in utterances of the sort “Odysseus returned home, he1 is hungry” or “Odysseus1 returned home, the/that brave soldier1 is hungry”, where “Odysseus” is metaphorically used to refer to the actual person, Bill, the individual the speaker has in mind. Such sentences leave us wondering how the anaphoric pronoun or description simultaneously carries the content from the fictional subject, and refers to Bill. On a cursory analysis, anaphora forces the properties attributed to the actual referent (e.g., Bill) into the background, like pragmatic presupposition. In the cases of anaphoric complex demonstratives and definite descriptions, the speaker emphasizes, or makes salient the further implications shared between the fictional character (e.g., Odysseus) and the actual referent (e.g., Bill; and that Bill, like Odysseus, had a harrowing journey).","PeriodicalId":43025,"journal":{"name":"Organon F","volume":"28 1","pages":"253-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41657582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Meanings of Fictional Names 虚构名字的意义
IF 0.5 3区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2021-01-28 DOI: 10.31577/ORGF.2021.28102
Fiora Salis
According to Millianism, the meaning of a name is exhausted by its referent. According to anti-realism about fictional entities, there are no such entities. If there are no fictional entities, how can we explain the apparent meaningfulness of fictional names? Our best theory of fiction, Walton’s theory of make-believe, makes the same assumptions but lacks the theoretical resources to answer the question. In this paper, I propose a pragmatic solution in terms of two main dimensions of meaning, a subjective, psychological dimension and an intersubjective, public dimension. The psychological dimension builds on the notion of mental files; the public dimension builds on Stalnaker’s notion of common ground. The account is coherent with two main theoretical principles, parsimony and uniformity. Furthermore, it satisfies three explanatory conditions posed by the intentionality of our thought and discourse about fiction, object-directedness, counterfictional imagining and intersubjective identification.
根据Millianism的观点,一个名字的意义被它的指称所耗尽。根据关于虚构实体的反现实主义,不存在这样的实体。如果没有虚构的实体,我们如何解释虚构名字的明显意义?我们最好的小说理论,沃尔顿的虚构理论,做出了同样的假设,但缺乏回答这个问题的理论资源。在本文中,我从意义的两个主要维度提出了一个语用解决方案,一个是主观的心理维度,另一个是主体间的公共维度。心理维度建立在心理档案的概念之上;公共层面建立在Stalnaker的共同点概念之上。该叙述符合两个主要的理论原则,即简约性和一致性。此外,它还满足了我们关于小说的思想和话语的意向性、对象指向性、反小说想象和主体间认同这三个解释条件。
{"title":"The Meanings of Fictional Names","authors":"Fiora Salis","doi":"10.31577/ORGF.2021.28102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/ORGF.2021.28102","url":null,"abstract":"According to Millianism, the meaning of a name is exhausted by its referent. According to anti-realism about fictional entities, there are no such entities. If there are no fictional entities, how can we explain the apparent meaningfulness of fictional names? Our best theory of fiction, Walton’s theory of make-believe, makes the same assumptions but lacks the theoretical resources to answer the question. In this paper, I propose a pragmatic solution in terms of two main dimensions of meaning, a subjective, psychological dimension and an intersubjective, public dimension. The psychological dimension builds on the notion of mental files; the public dimension builds on Stalnaker’s notion of common ground. The account is coherent with two main theoretical principles, parsimony and uniformity. Furthermore, it satisfies three explanatory conditions posed by the intentionality of our thought and discourse about fiction, object-directedness, counterfictional imagining and intersubjective identification.","PeriodicalId":43025,"journal":{"name":"Organon F","volume":"28 1","pages":"9-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46062930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Subject and Predicate in Existential Propositions: A Survey of Frege’s Problem and Its Solutions 存在命题中的主谓:弗雷格问题及其解答综述
IF 0.5 3区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.31577/orgf.2020.27407
Siavash Asadi
Frege argues that considering Socrates as an object in the proposition “Socrates exists” raises two problems. First, this proposition would be uninformative. Second, its negation entails a contradiction. Attempting to solve these problems, Frege claims that Socrates is representing the concept of a man whose name is Socrates. Therefore, existence is a second-order concept. This paper surveys the main modern theories about the types of existence, in order to find another response to Frege’s problems. For, if Socrates’ existence differs from the type that “exists” implies, “Socrates exists” is informative and its negation is not a contradiction. At last, this paper argues for an idea, in which “existence” is not a concept or property. Existence is the principle of the objects. So, “Socrates exists” is in fact “the existence is Socrates,” and “Socrates does not exist” is “there is no existence that be Socrates.” This idea could be an alternative for responding to Frege’s problems.
弗雷格认为,将苏格拉底视为“苏格拉底存在”命题中的一个对象,会引发两个问题。首先,这个命题没有任何信息。第二,它的否定意味着矛盾。为了解决这些问题,弗雷格声称苏格拉底代表了一个名叫苏格拉底的人的概念。因此,存在是一个二阶概念。本文考察了现代关于存在类型的主要理论,以期找到对弗雷格问题的另一种回应。因为,如果苏格拉底的存在与“存在”所暗示的类型不同,那么“苏格拉底的存在”是有信息的,它的否定不是矛盾的。最后,本文提出了一种观点,即“存在”不是一个概念或性质。存在是客体的原则。因此,“苏格拉底存在”实际上是“存在就是苏格拉底”,“苏格拉底不存在”是“不存在就是苏格拉底。”这一观点可能是回应弗雷格问题的一种替代方案。
{"title":"Subject and Predicate in Existential Propositions: A Survey of Frege’s Problem and Its Solutions","authors":"Siavash Asadi","doi":"10.31577/orgf.2020.27407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/orgf.2020.27407","url":null,"abstract":"Frege argues that considering Socrates as an object in the proposition “Socrates exists” raises two problems. First, this proposition would be uninformative. Second, its negation entails a contradiction. Attempting to solve these problems, Frege claims that Socrates is representing the concept of a man whose name is Socrates. Therefore, existence is a second-order concept. This paper surveys the main modern theories about the types of existence, in order to find another response to Frege’s problems. For, if Socrates’ existence differs from the type that “exists” implies, “Socrates exists” is informative and its negation is not a contradiction. At last, this paper argues for an idea, in which “existence” is not a concept or property. Existence is the principle of the objects. So, “Socrates exists” is in fact “the existence is Socrates,” and “Socrates does not exist” is “there is no existence that be Socrates.” This idea could be an alternative for responding to Frege’s problems.","PeriodicalId":43025,"journal":{"name":"Organon F","volume":"27 1","pages":"522-538"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42455989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Time Sensitivity and Acceptance of Testimony 时间敏感性和证词的接受
IF 0.5 3区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.31577/orgf.2020.27401
Nader A. Alsamaani
Time sensitivity seems to affect our intuitive evaluation of the reasonable risk of fallibility in testimonies. All things being equal, we tend to be less demanding in accepting time sensitive testimonies as opposed to time insensitive testimonies. This paper considers this intuitive response to testimonies as a strategy of acceptance. It argues that the intuitive strategy, which takes time sensitivity into account, is epistemically superior to two adjacent strategies that do not: the undemanding strategy adopted by non-reductionists and the cautious strategy adopted by reductionists. The paper demonstrates that in adopting the intuitive strategy of acceptance, one is likely to form more true beliefs and fewer false beliefs. Also, in following the intuitive strategy, the listener will be fulfilling his epistemic duties more efficiently.
时间敏感性似乎会影响我们对证词中不可靠的合理风险的直觉评估。在所有条件都相同的情况下,我们在接受对时间敏感的证词时往往不那么苛刻,而不是对时间不敏感的证词。本文认为这种对证词的直觉反应是一种接受策略。它认为,考虑到时间敏感性的直觉策略在认知上优于两种相邻的不考虑时间敏感性的策略:非还原论者采用的不要求策略和还原论者采用的谨慎策略。研究表明,在采用直觉接受策略时,人们可能会形成更多的真实信念和更少的错误信念。此外,在遵循直觉策略时,听者将更有效地履行其认知义务。
{"title":"Time Sensitivity and Acceptance of Testimony","authors":"Nader A. Alsamaani","doi":"10.31577/orgf.2020.27401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/orgf.2020.27401","url":null,"abstract":"Time sensitivity seems to affect our intuitive evaluation of the reasonable risk of fallibility in testimonies. All things being equal, we tend to be less demanding in accepting time sensitive testimonies as opposed to time insensitive testimonies. This paper considers this intuitive response to testimonies as a strategy of acceptance. It argues that the intuitive strategy, which takes time sensitivity into account, is epistemically superior to two adjacent strategies that do not: the undemanding strategy adopted by non-reductionists and the cautious strategy adopted by reductionists. The paper demonstrates that in adopting the intuitive strategy of acceptance, one is likely to form more true beliefs and fewer false beliefs. Also, in following the intuitive strategy, the listener will be fulfilling his epistemic duties more efficiently.","PeriodicalId":43025,"journal":{"name":"Organon F","volume":"27 1","pages":"422-436"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44357415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Laudan, Intuition and Normative Naturalism 罗丹、直觉与规范自然主义
IF 0.5 3区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.31577/orgf.2020.27402
C. Sankey
: The aim of this paper is to document Laudan’s rejection of the appeal to intuition in the context of his development of normative naturalism. At one point in the development of his methodological thinking, Laudan appealed to pre-analytic intuitions, which might be employed to identify episodes in the history of science against which theories of scientific methodology are to be tested. However, Laudan came to reject this appeal to intuitions, and rejected this entire approach to the evaluation of a theory of method. This is an important stage in the development of his normative naturalist meta-methodol-ogy.
本文的目的是记录罗丹在规范自然主义发展的背景下拒绝直觉的诉求。在方法论思想发展的过程中,劳丹曾一度求助于分析前的直觉,这种直觉可以用来识别科学史上科学方法论理论需要检验的事件。然而,罗丹拒绝了这种对直觉的吸引力,并拒绝了这种评估方法理论的整个方法。这是他规范自然主义元方法论发展的一个重要阶段。
{"title":"Laudan, Intuition and Normative Naturalism","authors":"C. Sankey","doi":"10.31577/orgf.2020.27402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/orgf.2020.27402","url":null,"abstract":": The aim of this paper is to document Laudan’s rejection of the appeal to intuition in the context of his development of normative naturalism. At one point in the development of his methodological thinking, Laudan appealed to pre-analytic intuitions, which might be employed to identify episodes in the history of science against which theories of scientific methodology are to be tested. However, Laudan came to reject this appeal to intuitions, and rejected this entire approach to the evaluation of a theory of method. This is an important stage in the development of his normative naturalist meta-methodol-ogy.","PeriodicalId":43025,"journal":{"name":"Organon F","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45928141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
If Sounds Were Dispositions: A Framework Proposal for an Undeveloped Theory 如果声音是处置:一个未发展理论的框架建议
IF 0.5 3区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.31577/orgf.2020.27403
Jorge Luis Méndez-martínez
In the realm of the philosophy of sounds and auditory experience there is an ongoing discussion concerned with the nature of sounds. One of the contestant views within this ontology of sound is that of the Property View, which holds that sounds are properties of the sounding objects. A way of developing this view is through the idea of dispositionalism, namely, by sustaining the theory according to which sounds are dispositional properties (Pasnau 1999; Kulvicki 2008; Roberts 2017). That portrayal, however, is not sufficient, as it has not inquired the metaphysical debates about dispositions beyond the conditional analysis. In this paper, I try to advance this view by including recent developments (for instance Bird 2007; Vetter 2015) in the field of dispositionalism and I analyse whether this new version can sort out known and new objections to Property View.
在声音和听觉体验的哲学领域中,有关声音本质的讨论正在进行中。在这个声音本体论中,一个与之竞争的观点是属性观点,它认为声音是发声对象的属性。发展这一观点的一种方法是通过性格论的思想,即通过支持声音是性格属性的理论(Pasnau 1999;Kulvicki 2008;罗伯茨2017)。然而,这种描述是不够的,因为它没有探究超越条件分析的关于性情的形而上学辩论。在本文中,我试图通过包括最近的发展来推进这一观点(例如Bird 2007;Vetter 2015)在配置主义领域,我分析了这个新版本是否可以整理已知的和新的对属性视图的反对意见。
{"title":"If Sounds Were Dispositions: A Framework Proposal for an Undeveloped Theory","authors":"Jorge Luis Méndez-martínez","doi":"10.31577/orgf.2020.27403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/orgf.2020.27403","url":null,"abstract":"In the realm of the philosophy of sounds and auditory experience there is an ongoing discussion concerned with the nature of sounds. One of the contestant views within this ontology of sound is that of the Property View, which holds that sounds are properties of the sounding objects. A way of developing this view is through the idea of dispositionalism, namely, by sustaining the theory according to which sounds are dispositional properties (Pasnau 1999; Kulvicki 2008; Roberts 2017). That portrayal, however, is not sufficient, as it has not inquired the metaphysical debates about dispositions beyond the conditional analysis. In this paper, I try to advance this view by including recent developments (for instance Bird 2007; Vetter 2015) in the field of dispositionalism and I analyse whether this new version can sort out known and new objections to Property View.","PeriodicalId":43025,"journal":{"name":"Organon F","volume":"27 1","pages":"446-479"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46138478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Could Tajtelbaum Question What Tarski Could Not? 塔伊特尔鲍姆能问塔斯基不能问的问题吗?
IF 0.5 3区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.31577/orgf.2020.27404
Jan Wiślicki
The paper discusses Tarski’s approach to quotation. It starts from showing that it is vulnerable to semantic inconsistencies connected with what is known as Reach’s puzzle, formulated in 1938 by a Czech logician Karel Reach. This fact gives rise to serious problems concerning the relation between the metalanguage and an object language. Moreover, the paper touches upon a historic aspect, pointing out that the problem at hand is discussed in the only paper signed up as Al. Tajtelbaum, i.e. Alfred Tarski’s original name. It argues that the puzzle reveals the importance of reopening the discussion on the understanding and limitations of deriving the metalanguage from an object language.
本文讨论了Tarski的报价方法。它首先表明,它很容易受到与Reach难题有关的语义不一致的影响,Reach难题由捷克逻辑学家Karel Reach于1938年提出。这一事实引发了关于元语言和客体语言之间关系的严重问题。此外,这篇论文还涉及到一个历史方面,指出目前的问题是在唯一一篇署名为Al·Tajtelbaum的论文中讨论的,即Alfred Tarski的原名。它认为,这个谜题揭示了重新讨论从对象语言派生元语言的理解和局限性的重要性。
{"title":"Could Tajtelbaum Question What Tarski Could Not?","authors":"Jan Wiślicki","doi":"10.31577/orgf.2020.27404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/orgf.2020.27404","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses Tarski’s approach to quotation. It starts from showing that it is vulnerable to semantic inconsistencies connected with what is known as Reach’s puzzle, formulated in 1938 by a Czech logician Karel Reach. This fact gives rise to serious problems concerning the relation between the metalanguage and an object language. Moreover, the paper touches upon a historic aspect, pointing out that the problem at hand is discussed in the only paper signed up as Al. Tajtelbaum, i.e. Alfred Tarski’s original name. It argues that the puzzle reveals the importance of reopening the discussion on the understanding and limitations of deriving the metalanguage from an object language.","PeriodicalId":43025,"journal":{"name":"Organon F","volume":"27 1","pages":"480-493"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45851545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Defending the Good Dog Picture of Virtues 捍卫美德的良犬形象
IF 0.5 3区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.31577/orgf.2020.27408
A. Mărășoiu
I consider and reject a specific criticism advanced by Korsgaard against virtue ethics and epistemology when these are conceived with the help of what she calls the image of the “Good Dog.” I consider what virtue ethics and epistemology would look like if the Good Dog picture of virtues were largely correct. I argue that attention to the features that make Korsgaard undermine the usefulness of virtues when conceived along the lines of the Good Dog picture reveals the opposite of what she claims. On the Good Dog picture, virtue ethics and epistemology are seen as more promising approaches to rationality than Korsgaard’s own advocacy of reflection.
我认为并拒绝Korsgaard对美德伦理和认识论提出的具体批评,因为这些批评是在她所说的“好狗”形象的帮助下构思的。我认为,如果美德的好狗形象在很大程度上是正确的,美德伦理和知识论会是什么样子。我认为,当按照“好狗”的形象来构思时,对Korsgaard的特征的关注会破坏美德的有用性,这与她所声称的相反。在《好狗》一书中,美德伦理学和认识论被视为比科尔斯加德自己倡导的反思更具前景的理性方法。
{"title":"Defending the Good Dog Picture of Virtues","authors":"A. Mărășoiu","doi":"10.31577/orgf.2020.27408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/orgf.2020.27408","url":null,"abstract":"I consider and reject a specific criticism advanced by Korsgaard against virtue ethics and epistemology when these are conceived with the help of what she calls the image of the “Good Dog.” I consider what virtue ethics and epistemology would look like if the Good Dog picture of virtues were largely correct. I argue that attention to the features that make Korsgaard undermine the usefulness of virtues when conceived along the lines of the Good Dog picture reveals the opposite of what she claims. On the Good Dog picture, virtue ethics and epistemology are seen as more promising approaches to rationality than Korsgaard’s own advocacy of reflection.","PeriodicalId":43025,"journal":{"name":"Organon F","volume":"27 1","pages":"539-555"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47519713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Judge-Dependence of Aesthetic and Moral Judgement 审美判断与道德判断的判断依赖性
IF 0.5 3区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.31577/orgf.2020.27409
M. Kölbel
This paper develops an account of judge-dependence, conceived of as a generalization of the better known notion of responsedependence. It then solves a number of problems for the view that aesthetic judgements are judge-dependent in this sense. Finally, a parallel case for the judge-dependence of moral judgement is assessed.
本文对法官依赖性进行了阐述,认为这是对更广为人知的责任依赖性概念的概括。然后,它解决了美学判断在这个意义上依赖于法官的观点的许多问题。最后,对道德判断的法官依赖性的一个平行案例进行了评估。
{"title":"The Judge-Dependence of Aesthetic and Moral Judgement","authors":"M. Kölbel","doi":"10.31577/orgf.2020.27409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/orgf.2020.27409","url":null,"abstract":"This paper develops an account of judge-dependence, conceived of as a generalization of the better known notion of responsedependence. It then solves a number of problems for the view that aesthetic judgements are judge-dependent in this sense. Finally, a parallel case for the judge-dependence of moral judgement is assessed.","PeriodicalId":43025,"journal":{"name":"Organon F","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42197552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fregean Monism: A Solution to the Puzzle of Material Constitutiom Fregean一元论:解决材料本构之谜
IF 0.5 3区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.31577/orgf.2020.27406
Soo Lam Wong
The puzzle of material constitution can be expressed in at least two ways. First, how can the constituting object and the constituted object, which are materially and spatially coincident, be regarded as different objects? Second, how can the constituting object and the constituted object, which are qualitatively distinct, be regarded as identical objects? Monists argue that the constituting and constituted objects are identical since they are materially and spatially coincident and the property differences between then are simply differences in description, perspective or context. In contrast, pluralists argue that the constituting and constituted objects are not identical even if they are materially and spatially coincident since they are qualitatively distinct. This paper proposes a solution to the puzzle of material constitution called ‘Fregean Monism’ (FM), and shows that it can better account for the property differences between the constituting and constituted objects without the need to regard them as two distinct objects. On the FM view, the puzzle of material constitution is partly a semantic puzzle and partly a metaphysical puzzle, and shows how a solution to the semantic part of the puzzle, based on the Fregean distinction between sense and reference, can yield a satisfactory solution to the metaphysical part of the puzzle. The key idea is that while the reference of a term picks out both the Fregean Monism: A Solution to the Puzzle of Material Constitution 505 Organon F 27 (4) 2020: 504–521 referent object and referent properties, the sense of the term determine which referent properties are picked out.
物质构成之谜至少可以用两种方式来表达。首先,构成物体和构成物体在物质和空间上重合,如何被视为不同的物体?第二,构成客体和构成客体在性质上是不同的,如何被视为相同的客体?一元论者认为,构成物和构成物是相同的,因为它们在物质和空间上是一致的,而两者之间的性质差异只是描述、视角或上下文的差异。相反,多元主义者认为,构成和构成的物体是不相同的,即使它们在物质和空间上是一致的,因为它们在质量上是不同的。本文提出了一种解决物质构成之谜的方法,称为“Fregean一元论”(FM),并表明它可以更好地解释构成物和构成物之间的性质差异,而不需要将它们视为两个不同的物体。在FM的观点中,物质构成之谜一部分是语义之谜,一部分是形而上学之谜,并展示了如何基于意义和指称之间的Fregean区别来解决谜题的语义部分,从而对谜题的形而上学部分产生令人满意的解决方案。关键思想是,虽然一个术语的引用既能挑出Fregean一元论:物质构成之谜的解决方案505 Organon F 27(4)2020:504–521指称对象和指称属性,但术语的意义决定了哪些指称属性被挑出。
{"title":"Fregean Monism: A Solution to the Puzzle of Material Constitutiom","authors":"Soo Lam Wong","doi":"10.31577/orgf.2020.27406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/orgf.2020.27406","url":null,"abstract":"The puzzle of material constitution can be expressed in at least two ways. First, how can the constituting object and the constituted object, which are materially and spatially coincident, be regarded as different objects? Second, how can the constituting object and the constituted object, which are qualitatively distinct, be regarded as identical objects? Monists argue that the constituting and constituted objects are identical since they are materially and spatially coincident and the property differences between then are simply differences in description, perspective or context. In contrast, pluralists argue that the constituting and constituted objects are not identical even if they are materially and spatially coincident since they are qualitatively distinct. This paper proposes a solution to the puzzle of material constitution called ‘Fregean Monism’ (FM), and shows that it can better account for the property differences between the constituting and constituted objects without the need to regard them as two distinct objects. On the FM view, the puzzle of material constitution is partly a semantic puzzle and partly a metaphysical puzzle, and shows how a solution to the semantic part of the puzzle, based on the Fregean distinction between sense and reference, can yield a satisfactory solution to the metaphysical part of the puzzle. The key idea is that while the reference of a term picks out both the Fregean Monism: A Solution to the Puzzle of Material Constitution 505 Organon F 27 (4) 2020: 504–521 referent object and referent properties, the sense of the term determine which referent properties are picked out.","PeriodicalId":43025,"journal":{"name":"Organon F","volume":"27 1","pages":"504-521"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46732992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Organon F
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1