Pub Date : 2023-01-26DOI: 10.55043/technologica.v2i1.60
Mutia Elida, Rahzarni, Neni Trimedona, R. Utama
Inovasi teknologi pangan olahan sebagai usaha star up bisnis rumah tangga, dilakukan melalui pengolahan sayuran sehingga produk baru yang dihasilkan memberikan nilai tambah (value added) dalam menghasilkan paket teknologi produksi yang digunakan oleh masyarakat pengguna teknologi untuk meningkatkan pendapatan. Hasil inovasi berupa stick Kapajang (Stick Kacang Panjang) yang sudah memenuhi aspek gizi, mutu serta aspek finansial produk. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian adalah untuk menumbuhkan start up bisnis rumah tangga melalui inovasi pengolahan sayur kacang panjang sebagai pangan local masyarakat Tanjung Anau Kota Payakumbuh, untuk meningkatkan jumlah dan ragam produksi, serta dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan pelaku usaha dan rumah tangga. Metode yang dilakukan adalah pelatihan interaktif dan demonstrasi pegolahan terkait inovasi pengolahan sayuran. Kegiatan pengabdian melibatkan Akademisi, Pelaku Usaha Makanan, Kelompok Wanita Tani dan PKK. Out put dari kegiatan adalah dihasilkannya produk olahan baru berupa Stick Kapajang dengan karakteristik warna hijau, panjang 10-13 cm, renyah serta rasa yang gurih, kadar air 4.22%, kadar abu 1.79 %, kadar protein 11.58%, kadar lemak 25.06% dan kadar karbohidrat 57.35, dengan total energy per 100 gr adalah 184.14 k.kal. Hasil analisa finansial dihasilkan R/C ratio sebesar 1,4, artinya produk ini sangat layak dikembang menjadi star up bisnis rumah tangga
{"title":"Inovasi Olahan Stick Kapajang Sebagai Start Up Pemberdayaan Bisnis Rumah Tangga Di Tanjung Anau Kota Payakumbuh","authors":"Mutia Elida, Rahzarni, Neni Trimedona, R. Utama","doi":"10.55043/technologica.v2i1.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55043/technologica.v2i1.60","url":null,"abstract":"Inovasi teknologi pangan olahan sebagai usaha star up bisnis rumah tangga, dilakukan melalui pengolahan sayuran sehingga produk baru yang dihasilkan memberikan nilai tambah (value added) dalam menghasilkan paket teknologi produksi yang digunakan oleh masyarakat pengguna teknologi untuk meningkatkan pendapatan. Hasil inovasi berupa stick Kapajang (Stick Kacang Panjang) yang sudah memenuhi aspek gizi, mutu serta aspek finansial produk. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian adalah untuk menumbuhkan start up bisnis rumah tangga melalui inovasi pengolahan sayur kacang panjang sebagai pangan local masyarakat Tanjung Anau Kota Payakumbuh, untuk meningkatkan jumlah dan ragam produksi, serta dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan pelaku usaha dan rumah tangga. Metode yang dilakukan adalah pelatihan interaktif dan demonstrasi pegolahan terkait inovasi pengolahan sayuran. Kegiatan pengabdian melibatkan Akademisi, Pelaku Usaha Makanan, Kelompok Wanita Tani dan PKK. Out put dari kegiatan adalah dihasilkannya produk olahan baru berupa Stick Kapajang dengan karakteristik warna hijau, panjang 10-13 cm, renyah serta rasa yang gurih, kadar air 4.22%, kadar abu 1.79 %, kadar protein 11.58%, kadar lemak 25.06% dan kadar karbohidrat 57.35, dengan total energy per 100 gr adalah 184.14 k.kal. Hasil analisa finansial dihasilkan R/C ratio sebesar 1,4, artinya produk ini sangat layak dikembang menjadi star up bisnis rumah tangga","PeriodicalId":43089,"journal":{"name":"Acta Technologica Agriculturae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77891929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-26DOI: 10.55043/technologica.v2i1.65
M. D. Febrian, Ridha Sari, Sutria Desman
Normalisasi Batang Agam Kota Payakumbuh yang telah dimulai dari tahun 2017, dengan pengembangan kawasan sepanjang normalisasi menjadi pusat wisata bagi Kota Payakumbuh dan sekitarnya. Terlepas dari pemanfaatan tersebut, tujuan awal normalisasi Sungai Batang Agam ini adalah untuk mencegah terjadinya banjir dikawasan sepanjang sungai. Untuk tercapainya tujuan pencegahan banjir penampang sungai seharusnya bersifat tetap. Salah satu yang sangat menentukan terjadinya perubahan penampang sungai adalah sedimen. Untuk itu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui karakteristik sedimen dan debit sedimen di hulu dan di hilir kawasan normalisasi sungai Batang Agam. Karakter sedimen yang diuji pada penelitian ini adalah karakter mekanik dari sedimen, dan debit sedimen dihitung dengan metode Shen dan Hungs. Dari hasil pengujian karakter sedimen didapatkan kadar air terbesar adalah 12,21%, berat jenis rata-rata terbesar adalah 1,0294 N/m3. Sedangkan untuk hasil pengujian ukuran butiran, jenis sedimen sungai Batang Agam termasuk kepada jenis agregat halus. Untuk perhitungan angkutan sedimen di hulu dan di hilir normalisasi Batang Agam 46,551 kg/hari dan 137,264 kg/hari
{"title":"Analisis Karakteristik Sedimen dan Debit Sedimen di Sungai Batang Agam Kota Payakumbuh","authors":"M. D. Febrian, Ridha Sari, Sutria Desman","doi":"10.55043/technologica.v2i1.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55043/technologica.v2i1.65","url":null,"abstract":"Normalisasi Batang Agam Kota Payakumbuh yang telah dimulai dari tahun 2017, dengan pengembangan kawasan sepanjang normalisasi menjadi pusat wisata bagi Kota Payakumbuh dan sekitarnya. Terlepas dari pemanfaatan tersebut, tujuan awal normalisasi Sungai Batang Agam ini adalah untuk mencegah terjadinya banjir dikawasan sepanjang sungai. Untuk tercapainya tujuan pencegahan banjir penampang sungai seharusnya bersifat tetap. Salah satu yang sangat menentukan terjadinya perubahan penampang sungai adalah sedimen. Untuk itu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui karakteristik sedimen dan debit sedimen di hulu dan di hilir kawasan normalisasi sungai Batang Agam. Karakter sedimen yang diuji pada penelitian ini adalah karakter mekanik dari sedimen, dan debit sedimen dihitung dengan metode Shen dan Hungs. Dari hasil pengujian karakter sedimen didapatkan kadar air terbesar adalah 12,21%, berat jenis rata-rata terbesar adalah 1,0294 N/m3. Sedangkan untuk hasil pengujian ukuran butiran, jenis sedimen sungai Batang Agam termasuk kepada jenis agregat halus. Untuk perhitungan angkutan sedimen di hulu dan di hilir normalisasi Batang Agam 46,551 kg/hari dan 137,264 kg/hari","PeriodicalId":43089,"journal":{"name":"Acta Technologica Agriculturae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81160696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-26DOI: 10.55043/technologica.v2i1.50
Nadya Fairuz Soraya, Bambang Kusmanadhi, Susan Barbara Patricia SM, D. Savitri
Kopi (Coffea spp.) adalah salah satu komoditas perkebunan yang penting bagi Indonesia karena dapat menunjang peningkatan ekspor sebagai penghasil devisa negara. Masyarakat Indonesia adalah konsumen kopi yang sangat tinggi, sehingga peningkatan usaha produksi kopi harus dilakukan agar kebutuhan konsumsi kopi domestik serta ekspor dapat terpenuhi. Pengolahan biji kopi pascapanen tidak terlepas dari beberapa permasalahan yang ada salah satunya adalah kerusakan pada saat penyimpanan biji. Penyimpanan biji oleh petani pada dilakukan dengan memasukkan biji ke dalam karung goni dan disimpan di gudang. Beberapa praktek penyimpanan dengan menggunakan wadah yang berbeda seperti karung goni, karung plastik, dan karung kain diduga berpengaruh terhadap proses perubahan fisik biji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas dari biji kopi robusta yang disimpan dengan ukuran biji dan bahan wadah yang berbeda. Percobaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah fisik biji kopi, antara lain bentuk, warna, serta kandungan air.
{"title":"Pengaruh Jenis Wadah Penyimpanan dan Ukuran Biji Dalam Penyimpanan Pasca Panen Terhadap Karakteristik Fisik Biji Kopi Robusta (Coffea robusta L.)","authors":"Nadya Fairuz Soraya, Bambang Kusmanadhi, Susan Barbara Patricia SM, D. Savitri","doi":"10.55043/technologica.v2i1.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55043/technologica.v2i1.50","url":null,"abstract":"Kopi (Coffea spp.) adalah salah satu komoditas perkebunan yang penting bagi Indonesia karena dapat menunjang peningkatan ekspor sebagai penghasil devisa negara. Masyarakat Indonesia adalah konsumen kopi yang sangat tinggi, sehingga peningkatan usaha produksi kopi harus dilakukan agar kebutuhan konsumsi kopi domestik serta ekspor dapat terpenuhi. Pengolahan biji kopi pascapanen tidak terlepas dari beberapa permasalahan yang ada salah satunya adalah kerusakan pada saat penyimpanan biji. Penyimpanan biji oleh petani pada dilakukan dengan memasukkan biji ke dalam karung goni dan disimpan di gudang. Beberapa praktek penyimpanan dengan menggunakan wadah yang berbeda seperti karung goni, karung plastik, dan karung kain diduga berpengaruh terhadap proses perubahan fisik biji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas dari biji kopi robusta yang disimpan dengan ukuran biji dan bahan wadah yang berbeda. Percobaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah fisik biji kopi, antara lain bentuk, warna, serta kandungan air.","PeriodicalId":43089,"journal":{"name":"Acta Technologica Agriculturae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80680391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The importance of evaluating the energy requirements of soil preparation operations is a concern of researchers specializing in agricultural equipment. To answer such a question, they have proposed several mathematical models for the evaluation of tensile strength. However, given the large number of parameters introduced in these models, the selection of one of these models under specific agro-pedological conditions often poses an issue. Knowing the difficulties of selecting a mathematical model from those proposed in literature, the work presented allows a judicious choice of the model to be used, taking into account the precise working conditions. The work employs the MERISE method (it is a method of analysis, design and management of IT projects) to realize this work. For these purposes, a computer program was designed to quickly determine the tractive effort from a system of information on predefined equipment and working conditions. This program is called DERT (Fr: Détermination de l‘Effort de Résistance à la Traction; En: Determination of Traction Resistance Effort) and grants the possibility to convert the traction effort into energy using the most appropriate mathematical model. This computer tool enables the establishment of a database on the tractive effort and energy requirements of mechanized agricultural work. Eighteen farms permitted testing the DERT program to evaluate the efforts using the appropriate models. A generalization of its use at the level of different farms will allow the creation of a national map of energy needs and thus the optimization of agricultural equipment and energy consumption.
摘要评估整地作业能量需求的重要性是农业设备专业研究人员关注的问题。为了回答这样一个问题，他们提出了几个评估抗拉强度的数学模型。然而，鉴于这些模型中引入了大量参数，在特定的农业土壤条件下选择其中一个模型往往会带来问题。由于知道从文献中提出的数学模型中选择数学模型的困难，所做的工作允许在考虑精确工作条件的情况下明智地选择要使用的模型。本工作采用MERISE方法（一种对it项目进行分析、设计和管理的方法）来实现这项工作。出于这些目的，设计了一个计算机程序，用于根据预定义设备和工作条件的信息系统快速确定牵引力。该程序被称为DERT（Fr:Détermination de l’Effort de RéResistanceàla Traction；En:Determination of Traction Resistance Effort），并允许使用最合适的数学模型将牵引力转换为能量。这种计算机工具能够建立一个关于机械化农业工作的牵引力和能量需求的数据库。18个农场允许测试DERT计划，以使用适当的模型来评估这些努力。在不同农场一级推广其使用，将有助于绘制国家能源需求地图，从而优化农业设备和能源消耗。
{"title":"Contribution for Establishment of Software for Determining the Tensile Strength of Agricultural Tools. Simple and Complex Shaped Tools","authors":"Baha-eddine Badouna, El-Hadi Mechentel","doi":"10.2478/ata-2022-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ata-2022-0031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The importance of evaluating the energy requirements of soil preparation operations is a concern of researchers specializing in agricultural equipment. To answer such a question, they have proposed several mathematical models for the evaluation of tensile strength. However, given the large number of parameters introduced in these models, the selection of one of these models under specific agro-pedological conditions often poses an issue. Knowing the difficulties of selecting a mathematical model from those proposed in literature, the work presented allows a judicious choice of the model to be used, taking into account the precise working conditions. The work employs the MERISE method (it is a method of analysis, design and management of IT projects) to realize this work. For these purposes, a computer program was designed to quickly determine the tractive effort from a system of information on predefined equipment and working conditions. This program is called DERT (Fr: Détermination de l‘Effort de Résistance à la Traction; En: Determination of Traction Resistance Effort) and grants the possibility to convert the traction effort into energy using the most appropriate mathematical model. This computer tool enables the establishment of a database on the tractive effort and energy requirements of mechanized agricultural work. Eighteen farms permitted testing the DERT program to evaluate the efforts using the appropriate models. A generalization of its use at the level of different farms will allow the creation of a national map of energy needs and thus the optimization of agricultural equipment and energy consumption.","PeriodicalId":43089,"journal":{"name":"Acta Technologica Agriculturae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47936130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. K. Khessro, Y. Hilal, R. A. Al-Jawadi, Mahmood N. Al-Irhayim
Abstract This study aims to analyse the energy of cucumber production in a greenhouse and examine the application of a multilayer perceptron to predict the productivity of an agricultural region in Nineveh Governorate. The research data were collected from experiments including fuel, fertilisers, pesticides, seeds, workers, electricity, and the number of hours worked in agricultural processes to produce cucumber crops. The results showed that the total energy consumption of the cucumber was 46,432.013 MJ·ha−1, while the output energy was 53,127.727 MJ·ha−1. The fungicide energy consumption, herbicide energy consumption and electricity energy consumption are considered the most critical variable in cucumber plantation procedures; its significance is the relative values of 100%, 99.7% and 93.3%. The impacts of human labour, P fertiliser, diesel fuel and N fertiliser on cucumber operation were 25,725 MJ·ha−1, 548.596 MJ·ha−1, 3,011.178 MJ·ha−1 and 7,244.545 MJ·ha−1, respectively. This research concludes that a multilayer perceptron neural network algorithm helps predict cucumber production and shows that the trained neural network produced minimal errors, indicating that the test model could predict a cucumber crop yield in Nineveh province.
{"title":"Greenhouse Energy Analysis and Neural Networks Modelling in Northern Iraq","authors":"M. K. Khessro, Y. Hilal, R. A. Al-Jawadi, Mahmood N. Al-Irhayim","doi":"10.2478/ata-2022-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ata-2022-0030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aims to analyse the energy of cucumber production in a greenhouse and examine the application of a multilayer perceptron to predict the productivity of an agricultural region in Nineveh Governorate. The research data were collected from experiments including fuel, fertilisers, pesticides, seeds, workers, electricity, and the number of hours worked in agricultural processes to produce cucumber crops. The results showed that the total energy consumption of the cucumber was 46,432.013 MJ·ha−1, while the output energy was 53,127.727 MJ·ha−1. The fungicide energy consumption, herbicide energy consumption and electricity energy consumption are considered the most critical variable in cucumber plantation procedures; its significance is the relative values of 100%, 99.7% and 93.3%. The impacts of human labour, P fertiliser, diesel fuel and N fertiliser on cucumber operation were 25,725 MJ·ha−1, 548.596 MJ·ha−1, 3,011.178 MJ·ha−1 and 7,244.545 MJ·ha−1, respectively. This research concludes that a multilayer perceptron neural network algorithm helps predict cucumber production and shows that the trained neural network produced minimal errors, indicating that the test model could predict a cucumber crop yield in Nineveh province.","PeriodicalId":43089,"journal":{"name":"Acta Technologica Agriculturae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44463440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Kristyadi, D. Permana, Muhammad Pramuda Nugraha Sirodz, Encu Saefudin, I. Farkas
Abstract The performance and emission of a small diesel engine fuelled by commercial diesel fuel in Indonesia are present in this paper. Various commercial diesel fuels in Indonesia are produced and marketed by Pertamina. As the largest oil company in Indonesia, Pertamina has developed various diesel fuels, namely Solar, Biosolar (B30), Dexlite, and Pertadex. This study explains in more detail the performance, fuel consumption, and emission produced by the four types of fuels, and they were investigated experimentally using a single-cylinder diesel engine at various engine speeds, from 1,000 rpm to 4,500 rpm. The result shows the engine fuelled by Pertadex generates the highest power and torque, while the lowest is generated by the Biosolar fuelled engine. The maximum torque and power generated by the Pertadex fuelled engine are about 25.5 Nm and 7200 W, respectively. The engine fuelled by Pertadex has the lowest brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of 0.3037 kg·kW·h, compared to the engines fuelled by the Dexlite, Solar, and Biosolar fuels, with values around 0.3127, 0.3215, and 0.3338 kg·kW·h, respectively. At the same time, the measurement of gas emissions, including CO2, CO, NOx, and HC was conducted simultaneously.
{"title":"Performance and Emission of Diesel Engine Fuelled by Commercial Bio-Diesel Fuels in Indonesia","authors":"T. Kristyadi, D. Permana, Muhammad Pramuda Nugraha Sirodz, Encu Saefudin, I. Farkas","doi":"10.2478/ata-2022-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ata-2022-0032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The performance and emission of a small diesel engine fuelled by commercial diesel fuel in Indonesia are present in this paper. Various commercial diesel fuels in Indonesia are produced and marketed by Pertamina. As the largest oil company in Indonesia, Pertamina has developed various diesel fuels, namely Solar, Biosolar (B30), Dexlite, and Pertadex. This study explains in more detail the performance, fuel consumption, and emission produced by the four types of fuels, and they were investigated experimentally using a single-cylinder diesel engine at various engine speeds, from 1,000 rpm to 4,500 rpm. The result shows the engine fuelled by Pertadex generates the highest power and torque, while the lowest is generated by the Biosolar fuelled engine. The maximum torque and power generated by the Pertadex fuelled engine are about 25.5 Nm and 7200 W, respectively. The engine fuelled by Pertadex has the lowest brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of 0.3037 kg·kW·h, compared to the engines fuelled by the Dexlite, Solar, and Biosolar fuels, with values around 0.3127, 0.3215, and 0.3338 kg·kW·h, respectively. At the same time, the measurement of gas emissions, including CO2, CO, NOx, and HC was conducted simultaneously.","PeriodicalId":43089,"journal":{"name":"Acta Technologica Agriculturae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47757718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Bulgakov, P. Findura, V. Nadykto, V. Kyurchev, M. Tikhovod
Abstract The yield of any crop depends on soil moisture. One of the moisture conservation technological methods is fallow in the form of soil mulch with a layer not exceeding a thickness of 5–6 cm. To create this, a harrow utilizing special working devices was designed. This paper presents the results obtained on the dynamics of changes in soil moisture in a fallow field treated with a new harrowing unit compared to a serial cultivator operating at a depth higher than 6 cm. It was observed that the soil moisture in the harrowed area of the fallow field was 1.4 times higher, while the moisture reserves were 2.2 times higher in contrast to the field with the agrotechnical environment, treated with the sweeps of a serial cultivator. The actual soil tillage depth uniformity reached with the new harrowing unit is higher in comparison to that of the basic cultivator unit because, according to the F-test, the dispersion of fluctuations in the field tillage depth by the former (0.64 cm2) is significantly less than that for the latter (3.24 cm2).
{"title":"Experimental Study of Two Fallow Field Treatment Influence Methods on Soil Moisture Dynamics","authors":"V. Bulgakov, P. Findura, V. Nadykto, V. Kyurchev, M. Tikhovod","doi":"10.2478/ata-2022-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ata-2022-0026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The yield of any crop depends on soil moisture. One of the moisture conservation technological methods is fallow in the form of soil mulch with a layer not exceeding a thickness of 5–6 cm. To create this, a harrow utilizing special working devices was designed. This paper presents the results obtained on the dynamics of changes in soil moisture in a fallow field treated with a new harrowing unit compared to a serial cultivator operating at a depth higher than 6 cm. It was observed that the soil moisture in the harrowed area of the fallow field was 1.4 times higher, while the moisture reserves were 2.2 times higher in contrast to the field with the agrotechnical environment, treated with the sweeps of a serial cultivator. The actual soil tillage depth uniformity reached with the new harrowing unit is higher in comparison to that of the basic cultivator unit because, according to the F-test, the dispersion of fluctuations in the field tillage depth by the former (0.64 cm2) is significantly less than that for the latter (3.24 cm2).","PeriodicalId":43089,"journal":{"name":"Acta Technologica Agriculturae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42793834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The subject of this study was to evaluate the visible crop losses during the mechanized harvesting of grapes, assess the impacts of changes in the machine parameters and thus to look for the possibility of reducing losses when utilizing this method of harvesting. A comparison with the amount of losses arising from the manual harvesting was also monitored. The research results indicated the average amount of total losses of 1.10–5.62% of harvested crop when utilizing mechanized harvesting. The monitoring revealed the losses occurring in the area of columns in the supporting structure. These ranged from 0.2% to 0.53% of harvested crop. Losses during manual harvesting were found at an average of 1.09% or 1.78%. This research explored how losses due to mechanized grape harvesting can be reduced.
{"title":"Evaluation and Impacts of Grape Harvester Parameters on Harvest Losses","authors":"Martin Dočkalík, J. Jobbágy","doi":"10.2478/ata-2022-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ata-2022-0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The subject of this study was to evaluate the visible crop losses during the mechanized harvesting of grapes, assess the impacts of changes in the machine parameters and thus to look for the possibility of reducing losses when utilizing this method of harvesting. A comparison with the amount of losses arising from the manual harvesting was also monitored. The research results indicated the average amount of total losses of 1.10–5.62% of harvested crop when utilizing mechanized harvesting. The monitoring revealed the losses occurring in the area of columns in the supporting structure. These ranged from 0.2% to 0.53% of harvested crop. Losses during manual harvesting were found at an average of 1.09% or 1.78%. This research explored how losses due to mechanized grape harvesting can be reduced.","PeriodicalId":43089,"journal":{"name":"Acta Technologica Agriculturae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47075791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This scientific article deals with cyclic corrosion testing of bimetallic joints in order to describe the influence of different surface treatment as a protection against galvanic corrosion on bimetallic materials. Multi-material body parts joined with advanced manufacturing technologies are used to achieve the required car properties. Metallic materials have different values of electronegativity and joining increases the risk of corrosion. Different types of coatings are used to prevent galvanic corrosion, but each increases investments and costs. Galvanic corrosion affects the lifecycle of the car. Cyclic corrosion testing provides replicable results to estimate the range of corrosion in a real environment. Test specimens from different materials were riveted and treated with various surface treatments. The method and design of samples preparation is unique and reflects the reality more than current methods. It has not yet been published in any literature. The corrosion test was performed for 6 weeks. Samples were subjected to a salt mist with temperatures of 25 °C and 50 °C, wetting and drying phases. The samples were evaluated according to the standard EN ISO 4628-1:2016. Microscopic and energy-dispersive analysis were performed. Tests have shown considerable galvanic corrosion on uncoated samples. On the samples with ecoated surface galvanic corrosion was not recorded.
摘要:这篇科学文章讨论了双金属接头的循环腐蚀试验，以描述不同的表面处理作为防止电偶腐蚀对双金属材料的影响。采用多种材料的车身部件，结合先进的制造技术，以实现所需的汽车性能。金属材料具有不同的电负性值，连接会增加腐蚀的风险。不同类型的涂层用于防止电偶腐蚀，但每一种都增加了投资和成本。电偶腐蚀影响汽车的使用寿命。循环腐蚀测试提供了可复制的结果，以估计在真实环境中的腐蚀范围。对不同材料的试样进行铆接，并进行不同的表面处理。样品制备的方法和设计是独特的，比现有的方法更能反映现实。它还没有在任何文献中发表。腐蚀试验进行6周。样品经受温度为25°C和50°C的盐雾，湿和干阶段。样品根据标准EN ISO 4628-1:2016进行评估。进行了显微和能量色散分析。试验表明，在未涂覆的样品上有相当大的电偶腐蚀。表面涂覆的样品没有电偶腐蚀记录。
{"title":"Corrosion Evaluation of Body in White Bimetallic Joints","authors":"Ján Lilko, M. Kotus, Martin Baráth, R. Drlička","doi":"10.2478/ata-2022-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ata-2022-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This scientific article deals with cyclic corrosion testing of bimetallic joints in order to describe the influence of different surface treatment as a protection against galvanic corrosion on bimetallic materials. Multi-material body parts joined with advanced manufacturing technologies are used to achieve the required car properties. Metallic materials have different values of electronegativity and joining increases the risk of corrosion. Different types of coatings are used to prevent galvanic corrosion, but each increases investments and costs. Galvanic corrosion affects the lifecycle of the car. Cyclic corrosion testing provides replicable results to estimate the range of corrosion in a real environment. Test specimens from different materials were riveted and treated with various surface treatments. The method and design of samples preparation is unique and reflects the reality more than current methods. It has not yet been published in any literature. The corrosion test was performed for 6 weeks. Samples were subjected to a salt mist with temperatures of 25 °C and 50 °C, wetting and drying phases. The samples were evaluated according to the standard EN ISO 4628-1:2016. Microscopic and energy-dispersive analysis were performed. Tests have shown considerable galvanic corrosion on uncoated samples. On the samples with ecoated surface galvanic corrosion was not recorded.","PeriodicalId":43089,"journal":{"name":"Acta Technologica Agriculturae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43079977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Liquid mineral fertilizers (LMF) have a high sorption ability, can be metered precisely, and the intra-soil application of LMF is relevant. However, the agricultural equipment for this process that introduces the liquid fertilizer under processed soil layer in the form of a wide band has not yet been proposed. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the performance of a 102 mm wide rectangular discharge microchannel of the proposed soil tillage knife designed for deep tillage and intra-soil application of liquid fertilizers and to study the influence of the microchannel length (L) and slot height (h) on the uniformity of discharge. Solidworks Flow Simulation® was used during investigations, and simulation results were compared with experiment results. It has been determined that the effective slot height for water discharge at Vi = 3–4 m·s−1 is 0.1 (±0.01) mm, an effective microchannel length is 20 (±2) mm, and the influence of L depends on h. Sheet thickness will not change at a distance of 10–15 mm (b). Fall angle is 0–5°. In conclusion, the proposed discharge microchannel with asymmetrical feed is applicable for intra-soil application of LMF, and the surface tension effect has to be considered. A way to enhancing the sheet uniformity is the geometrical modification of feed channel shape.
摘要液体矿质肥料(LMF)具有较高的吸附能力，可以精确计量，与土壤中LMF的施用有关。然而，用于该工艺的以宽频带形式在处理过的土层下引入液肥的农业设备尚未提出。本研究的目的是评估所设计的用于深耕和土内施用液肥的土壤耕作刀的102 mm宽矩形放电微通道的性能，并研究微通道长度(L)和槽高(h)对放电均匀性的影响。在研究过程中使用Solidworks Flow Simulation®，并将模拟结果与实验结果进行了比较。结果表明，在Vi = 3-4 m·s−1条件下，水排放的有效槽高为0.1(±0.01)mm，有效微通道长度为20(±2)mm, L的影响取决于h。在距离为10-15 mm (b)时，板厚不变。落角为0-5°。综上所述，非对称进料放电微通道适用于LMF的土内施用，但需考虑表面张力效应。提高板料均匀性的一种方法是对进料通道形状进行几何修饰。
{"title":"Performance Evaluation of Tillage Knife Discharge Microchannel","authors":"Khozhakeldi Tanbayev, S. Nukeshev, A. Sugirbay","doi":"10.2478/ata-2022-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ata-2022-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Liquid mineral fertilizers (LMF) have a high sorption ability, can be metered precisely, and the intra-soil application of LMF is relevant. However, the agricultural equipment for this process that introduces the liquid fertilizer under processed soil layer in the form of a wide band has not yet been proposed. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the performance of a 102 mm wide rectangular discharge microchannel of the proposed soil tillage knife designed for deep tillage and intra-soil application of liquid fertilizers and to study the influence of the microchannel length (L) and slot height (h) on the uniformity of discharge. Solidworks Flow Simulation® was used during investigations, and simulation results were compared with experiment results. It has been determined that the effective slot height for water discharge at Vi = 3–4 m·s−1 is 0.1 (±0.01) mm, an effective microchannel length is 20 (±2) mm, and the influence of L depends on h. Sheet thickness will not change at a distance of 10–15 mm (b). Fall angle is 0–5°. In conclusion, the proposed discharge microchannel with asymmetrical feed is applicable for intra-soil application of LMF, and the surface tension effect has to be considered. A way to enhancing the sheet uniformity is the geometrical modification of feed channel shape.","PeriodicalId":43089,"journal":{"name":"Acta Technologica Agriculturae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43970505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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