Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17323/1999-5431-2022-0-1-78-100
N. Knyaginina, S. Jankiewicz, Evgeny Tikhonov
Now Russia is undergoing a reform of the control and supervisory activity of the “regulatory guillotine”, which is designed to significantly reduce the number of mandatory requirements in the legislation, leaving only those that are necessary and should be controlled among them. In the presented article, the principles of this reform are applied to the Federal State Educational Standards (FSES). Russian legislation understands the quality of education as compliance with these standards, but their number is extremely large, which previously made it difficult to systematically study them. However, the application of methods of computational jurisprudence made it possible to analyze one of the sections “Conditions for the implementation of the program” for 720 FSES of higher education (specialist’s, bachelor’s, and master's). The computer program generated a “generalized summary” of texts without loss of content (for all federal state educational standards of each level of education). In it, duplicated and similar fragments were combined, differences and variations in wording, noted and visualized. The volume of analysis has decreased by more than 35 times, and an expert assessment of all the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard became possible. Previously, this method has not been used in computational jurisprudence. As a result, the original tens of thousands of requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard were divided into four categories, three of which are recommended for exclusion (for appropriate reasons), the rest is “mandatory requirements”. These 5 generalized universal requirements are suitable for use in control and supervision activities, and liability can be established for their violation.
{"title":"Principles of the \"regulatory guillotine\" and methods of computational law used to analyze the requirements for the quality of higher education","authors":"N. Knyaginina, S. Jankiewicz, Evgeny Tikhonov","doi":"10.17323/1999-5431-2022-0-1-78-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17323/1999-5431-2022-0-1-78-100","url":null,"abstract":"Now Russia is undergoing a reform of the control and supervisory activity of the “regulatory guillotine”, which is designed to significantly reduce the number of mandatory requirements in the legislation, leaving only those that are necessary and should be controlled among them. In the presented article, the principles of this reform are applied to the Federal State Educational Standards (FSES). Russian legislation understands the quality of education as compliance with these standards, but their number is extremely large, which previously made it difficult to systematically study them. However, the application of methods of computational jurisprudence made it possible to analyze one of the sections “Conditions for the implementation of the program” for 720 FSES of higher education (specialist’s, bachelor’s, and master's). The computer program generated a “generalized summary” of texts without loss of content (for all federal state educational standards of each level of education). In it, duplicated and similar fragments were combined, differences and variations in wording, noted and visualized. The volume of analysis has decreased by more than 35 times, and an expert assessment of all the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard became possible. Previously, this method has not been used in computational jurisprudence. As a result, the original tens of thousands of requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard were divided into four categories, three of which are recommended for exclusion (for appropriate reasons), the rest is “mandatory requirements”. These 5 generalized universal requirements are suitable for use in control and supervision activities, and liability can be established for their violation.","PeriodicalId":43338,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Gosudarstvennogo i Munitsipalnogo Upravleniya-Public Administration Issues","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67914252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17323/1999-5431-2022-0-1-49-77
S. Sudakov
Current study analyzes the types of measures aimed at supporting exporters. The article focuses on the analysis of support for Russian exporters of non-resource non-energy goods, as well as institutions that act as government agents to provide this support. Hypothesis of the study: Russian export support institutions have had a positive impact on the growth of non-resource non-energy exports from Russia by increasing the efficiency of their work and provided support measures. In the course of testing the hypothesis, several nuances were revealed. In particular, Russian publicly available information on the volume of support for exporters, the volume of non-resource non-energy exports from Russia is quite scarce. At the same time, the available data indicate that Russia remains dependent on energy exports. The analysis showed that during the period of active promotion of exports from Russia since 2015, there are no obvious trends in the growth of exports of non-resource non-energy goods. At the same time, there are no obvious trends in improving the efficiency of support institutions and the provided support measures: it is shown on the example of one of the non-financial support measures that this measure is duplicated by information from international organizations. Based on the identified relationships, the article formulates conclusions regarding a possible increase in the efficiency of export support institutions, as well as the measures themselves. The findings also include streamlining the requirements for the provision of support, as well as strengthening interaction with international organizations.
{"title":"Efficiency of Russian institutions support for non-resource and non-energy exports","authors":"S. Sudakov","doi":"10.17323/1999-5431-2022-0-1-49-77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17323/1999-5431-2022-0-1-49-77","url":null,"abstract":"Current study analyzes the types of measures aimed at supporting exporters. The article focuses on the analysis of support for Russian exporters of non-resource non-energy goods, as well as institutions that act as government agents to provide this support. Hypothesis of the study: Russian export support institutions have had a positive impact on the growth of non-resource non-energy exports from Russia by increasing the efficiency of their work and provided support measures. In the course of testing the hypothesis, several nuances were revealed. In particular, Russian publicly available information on the volume of support for exporters, the volume of non-resource non-energy exports from Russia is quite scarce. At the same time, the available data indicate that Russia remains dependent on energy exports. The analysis showed that during the period of active promotion of exports from Russia since 2015, there are no obvious trends in the growth of exports of non-resource non-energy goods. At the same time, there are no obvious trends in improving the efficiency of support institutions and the provided support measures: it is shown on the example of one of the non-financial support measures that this measure is duplicated by information from international organizations. Based on the identified relationships, the article formulates conclusions regarding a possible increase in the efficiency of export support institutions, as well as the measures themselves. The findings also include streamlining the requirements for the provision of support, as well as strengthening interaction with international organizations.","PeriodicalId":43338,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Gosudarstvennogo i Munitsipalnogo Upravleniya-Public Administration Issues","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67914413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17323/1999-5431-2022-0-3-114-141
E. Plisetsky, C. Leonard, I. Ilyina
The COVID-19 pandemic of 2020-2022, combined with the introduction of restrictive sanctions, had a strong impact on the mobility of the population, first of all, it concerns tourism. For a significant part of tourists who usually traveled abroad, there was a need to reorient to Russian resorts and other attractions within the country, which requires the active development of various tourism directions: from traditional routes to innovative niche formats (medical, industrial, stalking, etc. tourism). In recent years, tourism in Russia has become the preferred tool for the development of small, including single-industry cities, where it is possible to develop and strengthen the tourism services sector. Using tourism as a development tool is quite expensive. The state subsidizes the formation and improvement of infrastructure, but, in addition to financing, the development of tourism requires specific programs to increase tourist attractiveness. The unrecoverable costs are inevitably significant, and the results are unpredictable. The dilemmas associated with tourism financing are numerous and complex. This is especially true for tourist single-industry towns, which are difficult to fit into the available categories of state funding allocated for Russian single-industry towns (where the goal is to diversify the economy while maintaining employment in the city). The article examines the framework of state and municipal policy, which must be coordinated at all levels of government and provided with regional and federal support. Achieving this goal also requires clarifying the very concept of "tourist single-industry town" and the criteria for its definition.
{"title":"REDEFINING ONE-INDUSTRY TOWNS: TARGETING TOURIST DEVELOPMENT","authors":"E. Plisetsky, C. Leonard, I. Ilyina","doi":"10.17323/1999-5431-2022-0-3-114-141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17323/1999-5431-2022-0-3-114-141","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic of 2020-2022, combined with the introduction of restrictive sanctions, had a strong impact on the mobility of the population, first of all, it concerns tourism. For a significant part of tourists who usually traveled abroad, there was a need to reorient to Russian resorts and other attractions within the country, which requires the active development of various tourism directions: from traditional routes to innovative niche formats (medical, industrial, stalking, etc. tourism). In recent years, tourism in Russia has become the preferred tool for the development of small, including single-industry cities, where it is possible to develop and strengthen the tourism services sector. Using tourism as a development tool is quite expensive. The state subsidizes the formation and improvement of infrastructure, but, in addition to financing, the development of tourism requires specific programs to increase tourist attractiveness. The unrecoverable costs are inevitably significant, and the results are unpredictable. The dilemmas associated with tourism financing are numerous and complex. This is especially true for tourist single-industry towns, which are difficult to fit into the available categories of state funding allocated for Russian single-industry towns (where the goal is to diversify the economy while maintaining employment in the city). The article examines the framework of state and municipal policy, which must be coordinated at all levels of government and provided with regional and federal support. Achieving this goal also requires clarifying the very concept of \"tourist single-industry town\" and the criteria for its definition.","PeriodicalId":43338,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Gosudarstvennogo i Munitsipalnogo Upravleniya-Public Administration Issues","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67915155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17323/1999-5431-2022-0-2-159-179
Stepan Senchikhin
The article is devoted to the study of the integrated security of Russian educational institutions, primarily higher educational institutions, in the context of anti-terrorist and anti-criminal security, fire safety, issues in the field of civil defense and protection of the territory and population from natural and man-made emergencies. The relevance of the study is due to negative trends in increasing risks and threats, manifested in negative statistics and individual high-profile events, indicating the inability of the current system of integrated security of educational institutions to form an adequate response to existing threats, such as schoolshooting (columbine), to guarantee sustainable compliance with fire safety requirements and etc. The main hypothesis of the study is that the integrated security of educational institutions does not function as a single effective system that can withstand current threats and challenges. The purpose of the study is to assess the existing vulnerabilities of the system for ensuring the integrated security of educational institutions, to develop mechanisms for improving public administration methods in the field of regulating the safety of the educational process. The following methods are used: analysis, systemic, statistical, comparative legal, formal legal. The study examines the approaches to the security of educational institutions available in the international and Russian scientific literature, as well as foreign and domestic legislation regulating this area. Scientific sophistication and regulatory support for the management of the security system of educational institutions in Russia is assessed as insufficient. In conclusion, specific proposals are made to improve the security level of educational institutions.
{"title":"ORGANIZATIONAL PROBLEMS OF ENSURING SECURITY IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AND WAYS TO SOLVE THEM","authors":"Stepan Senchikhin","doi":"10.17323/1999-5431-2022-0-2-159-179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17323/1999-5431-2022-0-2-159-179","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of the integrated security of Russian educational institutions, primarily higher educational institutions, in the context of anti-terrorist and anti-criminal security, fire safety, issues in the field of civil defense and protection of the territory and population from natural and man-made emergencies. The relevance of the study is due to negative trends in increasing risks and threats, manifested in negative statistics and individual high-profile events, indicating the inability of the current system of integrated security of educational institutions to form an adequate response to existing threats, such as schoolshooting (columbine), to guarantee sustainable compliance with fire safety requirements and etc. The main hypothesis of the study is that the integrated security of educational institutions does not function as a single effective system that can withstand current threats and challenges. The purpose of the study is to assess the existing vulnerabilities of the system for ensuring the integrated security of educational institutions, to develop mechanisms for improving public administration methods in the field of regulating the safety of the educational process. The following methods are used: analysis, systemic, statistical, comparative legal, formal legal. The study examines the approaches to the security of educational institutions available in the international and Russian scientific literature, as well as foreign and domestic legislation regulating this area. Scientific sophistication and regulatory support for the management of the security system of educational institutions in Russia is assessed as insufficient. In conclusion, specific proposals are made to improve the security level of educational institutions.","PeriodicalId":43338,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Gosudarstvennogo i Munitsipalnogo Upravleniya-Public Administration Issues","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67915526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17323/1999-5431-2022-0-6-122-137
Madiha Rehman Farooqi, S. Naveed, S. Javid, Yaamina Salman
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are important phenomena in public administration and many reforms have been introduced in Pakistan to ensure the achievement of SDGs committed by the political leaders. This study targets SGD 11 that relates to sustainable urban development through effective municipal corporations. For this purpose, the study explores the HR practices of public organizations operating under the Lahore Municipal Corporation and explains the institutional complexity of these practices. This complexity arises from the lack of implementation of new HR practices that are at odds with the prevailing bureaucratic logic. The study supports the argument of the institutional logic perspective that multiple institutional logics co-exist in organizations resulting in contrasting and contradictory practices.
{"title":"INSTITUTIONAL COMPLEXITY OF HR PRACTICES: CHALLENGES FOR SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS","authors":"Madiha Rehman Farooqi, S. Naveed, S. Javid, Yaamina Salman","doi":"10.17323/1999-5431-2022-0-6-122-137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17323/1999-5431-2022-0-6-122-137","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are important phenomena in public administration and many reforms have been introduced in Pakistan to ensure the achievement of SDGs committed by the political leaders. This study targets SGD 11 that relates to sustainable urban development through effective municipal corporations. For this purpose, the study explores the HR practices of public organizations operating under the Lahore Municipal Corporation and explains the institutional complexity of these practices. This complexity arises from the lack of implementation of new HR practices that are at odds with the prevailing bureaucratic logic. The study supports the argument of the institutional logic perspective that multiple institutional logics co-exist in organizations resulting in contrasting and contradictory practices.","PeriodicalId":43338,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Gosudarstvennogo i Munitsipalnogo Upravleniya-Public Administration Issues","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67917702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17323/1999-5431-2021-0-4-159-184
K. Maslov, O. Kozhevnikov, A. Savoskin
The article examines the methods of public governance during the first wave of coronavirus infection in the context of ensuring the national tax security. The authors use the experience of Russia and Poland – two post-socialist countries having the same foundations of administrative and legal systems. The purpose of the paper is to identify and evaluate the effectiveness of public governance methods used by public authorities to support the economic systems of Russia and Poland from the point of view of their impact on national tax security. The methodological basis of the research is the philosophical theory of security within the framework of which the characteristics of such phenomena as security risks and threats, as well as the principles of its provision, have been developed, The authors also used the formal legal interpretation of legal acts to select normative legal acts fixing the applied methods of public administration as well as to clarify their provisions in accordance with the rules of formal logic and jurisprudence. The comparative method was used to select and compare with each other Russian and Polish normative legal acts, Russian and foreign doctrinal sources in the field of theory and practice of public administration, administrative and tax law. The empirical basis of the research consists of normative legal acts and state statistics of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Poland, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. The characteristics of tax risks caused by the coronavirus pandemic are revealed, and their correlation with threats to tax security is established. The authors’ classification tax risk governance methods in the context of the coronavirus pandemic is carried out, administrative and economic measures that directly and indirectly affect the tax system are also characterized by the authors. Conclusions are made about the effectiveness of the main tax risk governance measures applied in Russia and Poland, while the Russian measures differ in a wide variety and a high proportion of proactive support measures. The theoretical and practical significance of the research lies in the fact that it allows to identify the existing potential of governance decisions in the event of another wave of a pandemic or the emergence of new crisis phenomena in the economy, accompanied by a reduction in supply and demand in the markets (military conflicts, natural and man-made emergencies, etc.).
{"title":"METHODS OF TAX RISKS MANAGEMENT BY THE STATE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC (EXPERIENCE OF RUSSIA AND POLAND)","authors":"K. Maslov, O. Kozhevnikov, A. Savoskin","doi":"10.17323/1999-5431-2021-0-4-159-184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17323/1999-5431-2021-0-4-159-184","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the methods of public governance during the first wave of coronavirus infection in the context of ensuring the national tax security. The authors use the experience of Russia and Poland – two post-socialist countries having the same foundations of administrative and legal systems. The purpose of the paper is to identify and evaluate the effectiveness of public governance methods used by public authorities to support the economic systems of Russia and Poland from the point of view of their impact on national tax security. The methodological basis of the research is the philosophical theory of security within the framework of which the characteristics of such phenomena as security risks and threats, as well as the principles of its provision, have been developed, The authors also used the formal legal interpretation of legal acts to select normative legal acts fixing the applied methods of public administration as well as to clarify their provisions in accordance with the rules of formal logic and jurisprudence. The comparative method was used to select and compare with each other Russian and Polish normative legal acts, Russian and foreign doctrinal sources in the field of theory and practice of public administration, administrative and tax law. The empirical basis of the research consists of normative legal acts and state statistics of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Poland, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. The characteristics of tax risks caused by the coronavirus pandemic are revealed, and their correlation with threats to tax security is established. The authors’ classification tax risk governance methods in the context of the coronavirus pandemic is carried out, administrative and economic measures that directly and indirectly affect the tax system are also characterized by the authors. Conclusions are made about the effectiveness of the main tax risk governance measures applied in Russia and Poland, while the Russian measures differ in a wide variety and a high proportion of proactive support measures. The theoretical and practical significance of the research lies in the fact that it allows to identify the existing potential of governance decisions in the event of another wave of a pandemic or the emergence of new crisis phenomena in the economy, accompanied by a reduction in supply and demand in the markets (military conflicts, natural and man-made emergencies, etc.).","PeriodicalId":43338,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Gosudarstvennogo i Munitsipalnogo Upravleniya-Public Administration Issues","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67912758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17323/1999-5431-2021-0-6-63-83
Fatih Demir
This article focuses on public management reforms in Turkey and how the reform trajectory has changed over the past two decades. Reforms in Turkey represent a mixture of ideas and reform elements that are constantly evolving under the influence of foreign actors, especially the European Union, efforts to respond to global reform trends, and domestic political developments. The article is divided into three parts. The first part gives a brief picture of the political-administrative structure of the country. The second part provides a landscape of the reform initiatives in the last two decades. The third part examines the main challenges Turkey might face in the coming years in terms of implementing reforms and provides a discussion on how they can be addressed.
{"title":"PUBLIC MANAGEMENT REFORMS IN TURKEY","authors":"Fatih Demir","doi":"10.17323/1999-5431-2021-0-6-63-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17323/1999-5431-2021-0-6-63-83","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on public management reforms in Turkey and how the reform trajectory has changed over the past two decades. Reforms in Turkey represent a mixture of ideas and reform elements that are constantly evolving under the influence of foreign actors, especially the European Union, efforts to respond to global reform trends, and domestic political developments. The article is divided into three parts. The first part gives a brief picture of the political-administrative structure of the country. The second part provides a landscape of the reform initiatives in the last two decades. The third part examines the main challenges Turkey might face in the coming years in terms of implementing reforms and provides a discussion on how they can be addressed.","PeriodicalId":43338,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Gosudarstvennogo i Munitsipalnogo Upravleniya-Public Administration Issues","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67913690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17323/1999-5431-2021-0-4-66-89
Alexander Yulievich Chepurenko, E. Galitsky, A. Dukhon, A. Oslon
The article analyzes the perception of the nature of relations with the state by Russian small entrepreneurs and, in particular, the success of state support provided to small businesses during the pandemic. The data for the analysis were obtained during the summer (2021) survey of 580 small business owners, a sample of which was formed from the database of the Institute's project "Public Opinion Foundation" "Sociology of Small Business (SMBiz Project)". This database was gained in years of all-Russian population surveys conducted on random samples. The main hypotheses of the study were confirmed. They are formulated as follows: (1) Small business is not homogeneous in its attitude to the policy pursued by the state, which can be influenced by different circumstances and factors (experience in business, its success, location, etc.). (2) Participation in certain state support programs increases the level of confidence in the state and has a positive effect on the assessment of its policy. (3) The measures implemented by the Russian state during the pandemic have had different coverage and different effectiveness in the perception of their beneficiaries. In the concluding part, evidence and recommendations are formulated for the bodies implementing the policy on SMEs in Russia.
{"title":"STATE POLICY TOWARDS SMALL BUSINESSES DURING THE PANDEMIC IN THE ESTIMATES OF BENEFICIARIES","authors":"Alexander Yulievich Chepurenko, E. Galitsky, A. Dukhon, A. Oslon","doi":"10.17323/1999-5431-2021-0-4-66-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17323/1999-5431-2021-0-4-66-89","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the perception of the nature of relations with the state by Russian small entrepreneurs and, in particular, the success of state support provided to small businesses during the pandemic. The data for the analysis were obtained during the summer (2021) survey of 580 small business owners, a sample of which was formed from the database of the Institute's project \"Public Opinion Foundation\" \"Sociology of Small Business (SMBiz Project)\". This database was gained in years of all-Russian population surveys conducted on random samples. The main hypotheses of the study were confirmed. They are formulated as follows: (1) Small business is not homogeneous in its attitude to the policy pursued by the state, which can be influenced by different circumstances and factors (experience in business, its success, location, etc.). (2) Participation in certain state support programs increases the level of confidence in the state and has a positive effect on the assessment of its policy. (3) The measures implemented by the Russian state during the pandemic have had different coverage and different effectiveness in the perception of their beneficiaries. In the concluding part, evidence and recommendations are formulated for the bodies implementing the policy on SMEs in Russia.","PeriodicalId":43338,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Gosudarstvennogo i Munitsipalnogo Upravleniya-Public Administration Issues","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67912521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17323/1999-5431-2021-0-6-49-62
M. Afanasiev, N. Shash
This paper examines the transformational shifts in investment strategies of sovereign wealth funds. It analyzes the basic theory of sovereign wealth funds and justifies the need for its development. It identifies the similarities and distinguishing features of sovereign wealth funds. Four types of sovereign wealth funds are characterized, and the key requirements for their management system are clarified. Analysis results for the changing capital among the world’s largest sovereign wealth funds since the start of the Covid-19 pandemic are given. Market value trends of the Government Pension Fund Global (Norway) for 1998-2021 were revealed, and a prediction of its changes for the period until 2026 was created. The influence of the Covid-19 epidemic on the structure of investment portfolios (including the emergence of a new class of assets) was presented, along with GPFG’s investment strategy. Changes in the amount of NWF’s funds (Russia) for the period 2008-2021 were presented and its growth for 2022-2023 was predicted. The transformation of NWF’s liquidity regulatory structure was assessed. New trends in the investment activities of sovereign wealth funds, which occurred under the influence of the Covid-19 epidemic, were revealed. These include reduced risk appetite, increased investment activity, and a higher share of direct investments in asset portfolios. Individual sovereign wealth funds were used to compile a chart of their investment portfolios, which were diversified depending on investment goals and risk level. Recommendations for building the investment strategy of sovereign wealth funds were formulated, with a proposed algorithm for its formulation, including three consecutive stages. It is noted that the results of implementing the investment strategy of sovereign wealth funds directly depends on management quality, whose efficiency can be assessed using special indicators.
{"title":"STRATEGIES FOR MANAGING GOVERNMENT SOVEREIGN WEALTH FUNDS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC","authors":"M. Afanasiev, N. Shash","doi":"10.17323/1999-5431-2021-0-6-49-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17323/1999-5431-2021-0-6-49-62","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the transformational shifts in investment strategies of sovereign wealth funds. It analyzes the basic theory of sovereign wealth funds and justifies the need for its development. It identifies the similarities and distinguishing features of sovereign wealth funds. Four types of sovereign wealth funds are characterized, and the key requirements for their management system are clarified. Analysis results for the changing capital among the world’s largest sovereign wealth funds since the start of the Covid-19 pandemic are given. Market value trends of the Government Pension Fund Global (Norway) for 1998-2021 were revealed, and a prediction of its changes for the period until 2026 was created. The influence of the Covid-19 epidemic on the structure of investment portfolios (including the emergence of a new class of assets) was presented, along with GPFG’s investment strategy. Changes in the amount of NWF’s funds (Russia) for the period 2008-2021 were presented and its growth for 2022-2023 was predicted. The transformation of NWF’s liquidity regulatory structure was assessed. New trends in the investment activities of sovereign wealth funds, which occurred under the influence of the Covid-19 epidemic, were revealed. These include reduced risk appetite, increased investment activity, and a higher share of direct investments in asset portfolios. Individual sovereign wealth funds were used to compile a chart of their investment portfolios, which were diversified depending on investment goals and risk level. Recommendations for building the investment strategy of sovereign wealth funds were formulated, with a proposed algorithm for its formulation, including three consecutive stages. It is noted that the results of implementing the investment strategy of sovereign wealth funds directly depends on management quality, whose efficiency can be assessed using special indicators.","PeriodicalId":43338,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Gosudarstvennogo i Munitsipalnogo Upravleniya-Public Administration Issues","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67913470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17323/1999-5431-2021-0-6-128-145
T. Michalski, Krzysztof Kopeć
The main aim of the article is to present a model of monitoring of the quality of public services which can be used to enhance the quality of self-government in European post-communist countries. The secondary aim of the article is to identify factors which hinder the implementation of the model. The theoretical basis for the presented model comes from three earlier ones: the Deming cycle, the Boyd cycle, and the model of institutional development of organizations. The model has been tested in 10 local administration units (LAU) in Poland. It consists of six stages presented in the article: decision to implement monitoring, its objectives and resources; selection of indicators; collection of data; analysis of the collected data and preparation of reports; use/dissemination of the reports; final evaluation of monitoring and implementation of conclusions. Three critical points were identified at which decisions to stop monitoring were often taken, namely: disappointment with the first main report which failed to answer all of the problems raised by the authorities, changes of the LAU authorities as a result of elections, and “indolence” of local authorities manifested in expecting support from outside.
{"title":"IMPLEMENTATION OF MONITORING OF THE QUALITY OF PUBLIC SERVICES AT THE LOCAL LEVEL AS A TOOL FOR REFORMING PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION – THE POLISH EXPERIENCE","authors":"T. Michalski, Krzysztof Kopeć","doi":"10.17323/1999-5431-2021-0-6-128-145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17323/1999-5431-2021-0-6-128-145","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of the article is to present a model of monitoring of the quality of public services which can be used to enhance the quality of self-government in European post-communist countries. The secondary aim of the article is to identify factors which hinder the implementation of the model. The theoretical basis for the presented model comes from three earlier ones: the Deming cycle, the Boyd cycle, and the model of institutional development of organizations. The model has been tested in 10 local administration units (LAU) in Poland. It consists of six stages presented in the article: decision to implement monitoring, its objectives and resources; selection of indicators; collection of data; analysis of the collected data and preparation of reports; use/dissemination of the reports; final evaluation of monitoring and implementation of conclusions. Three critical points were identified at which decisions to stop monitoring were often taken, namely: disappointment with the first main report which failed to answer all of the problems raised by the authorities, changes of the LAU authorities as a result of elections, and “indolence” of local authorities manifested in expecting support from outside.","PeriodicalId":43338,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Gosudarstvennogo i Munitsipalnogo Upravleniya-Public Administration Issues","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67913595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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