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Billion dollar madness: examining the paradox of financial satire through the 1980s economic crisis in Israeli comedy films 十亿美元的疯狂:通过20世纪80年代以色列喜剧电影中的经济危机考察金融讽刺的悖论
IF 0.2 3区 历史学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/13531042.2022.2136563
Ido Rosen
ABSTRACT Can anti-capitalist satire exist within show business, or is this an oxymoron? How can mainstream films claim to be socially conscious and rebellious, when at the same time they are products of an industry which aim to appeal to the masses and maximize profits? These questions were recently raised in relation to the popular and critical success of Hollywood hits like The Big Short and The Wolf of Wall Street, which followed the 2008 financial crash. This paper uses a group of Israeli financial satires as a case study and contributes a significant transnational addition to the debate. During the first half of the 1980s, the Israeli economy struggled with rampant inflation. The crisis inspired comedies such as Million Dollar Madness, The Plumber, and The Man Who Flew in to Grab. Although these films failed, they express a unique zeitgeist in Israeli history, and they are useful to examine the paradox. This analysis of these films provides valuable insights that can guide filmmakers toward overcoming and even resolving the paradox.
摘要:反资本主义讽刺是否存在于演艺圈,或者这是一种矛盾修辞法?主流电影是一个旨在吸引大众和实现利润最大化的行业的产物,又怎么能声称自己具有社会意识和叛逆性呢?这些问题最近被提出,与2008年金融危机后的《大空头》和《华尔街之狼》等好莱坞热门电影的受欢迎和评论性成功有关。本文以一组以色列金融讽刺作品为个案研究,为这场辩论增添了重要的跨国色彩。在20世纪80年代上半叶,以色列经济与猖獗的通货膨胀作斗争。这场危机激发了喜剧的灵感,如《百万美元疯狂》、《水管工》和《逃命的人》。尽管这些电影失败了,但它们表达了以色列历史上独特的时代精神,有助于研究这一悖论。对这些电影的分析提供了宝贵的见解,可以指导电影制作人克服甚至解决这个悖论。
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引用次数: 0
Class performativity, modernity and the Ashkenazi-Mizrahi divide the Jewish urban middle classes of Egypt in Israel 1948-1967 阶级表演性、现代性和阿什肯纳兹-米兹拉希(Ashkenazi-Mizrahi)划分了1948-1967年以色列埃及的犹太城市中产阶级
IF 0.2 3区 历史学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/13531042.2022.2149125
L. Alon
ABSTRACT In the analysis of Israeli society and the experience of immigration and integration into it in the first decades after its establishment in 1948, an Ashkenazi-Mizrahi dichotomy became prevalent, and the explanatory efficacy of other contributing factors went mostly unnoticed. The academic, institutional and public discourses that focused on those among the Mizrahi Jews, who struggled to fit-in, perpetuated the early Ashkenazi establishment’s biases against all that was Arab and by extension Mizrahi. Exploring socio-cultural practices - such as dress codes and choice of language, of Jews arriving in Israel from Egypt during this period, this paper will examine the role of class identity and performativity (rather than ethnicity) in shaping the immigrant experience of newcomers. Relying on multiple sources including interviews, life stories and oral testimonials, it will argue that the Jews of Cairo and Alexandria shared an urban middle-class habitus with the Israeli Ashkenazi elites; and that the performative expression of this shared identity enabled them to open doors closed to many other Middle Eastern and North African groups and paved their way into the Israeli mainstream despite their Mizrahi decent.
摘要在分析1948年以色列社会建立后的头几十年中,移民和融入社会的经历时,阿什肯纳齐-迈兹拉希二分法变得普遍,而其他促成因素的解释效力大多没有被注意到。学术、制度和公共话语集中在那些努力融入的米兹拉希犹太人身上,使早期阿什肯纳兹当权派对所有阿拉伯人的偏见永久化,进而延续了米兹拉希。通过探索这一时期从埃及抵达以色列的犹太人的社会文化实践,如着装规范和语言选择,本文将研究阶级认同和表演性(而非种族)在塑造新移民体验中的作用。根据采访、生活故事和口头证词等多种来源,它将辩称开罗和亚历山大的犹太人与以色列阿什肯纳兹精英有着共同的城市中产阶级习惯;这种共同身份的表演性表达使他们能够打开对许多其他中东和北非团体关闭的大门,并为他们进入以色列主流铺平了道路,尽管他们的米兹拉希人很体面。
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引用次数: 1
Queer Palestine and the Empire of Critique 酷儿巴勒斯坦和批判帝国
IF 0.2 3区 历史学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/13531042.2021.2033451
A. Al-Kurdi
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引用次数: 0
Moving through conflict: dance and politics in Israel 在冲突中前行:以色列的舞蹈与政治
IF 0.2 3区 历史学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/13531042.2021.2033452
Hannah Kosstrin
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引用次数: 3
On generation citizenship: The new Russian protest among young immigrant adults in Israel 关于一代公民身份:以色列年轻成年移民中新的俄罗斯抗议
IF 0.2 3区 历史学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/13531042.2021.2034963
Anna Prashizky
ABSTRACT This article describes an emerging social protest movement among Generation 1.5 of Russian speakers who immigrated as older children or adolescents and came of age in Israel. It examines the generation, gender, and class aspects of the new social and cultural activism among Russian Israelis, while drawing on the concept of generation citizenship. Contrary to the civic conformism of their parent’s generation, the new Generation 1.5 leaders have developed a generational consciousness and perceive themselves as an active force for change. Acting primarily in the civic and cultural fields, the leaders of this large immigrant cohort are challenging the public discourse on Russian Israelis through successful social media campaigns such as video clips, blogs and articles, cultural festivals, public events, and media engagement.
这篇文章描述了一场新兴的社会抗议运动,发生在1.5代俄罗斯人中间,这些人作为年龄较大的儿童或青少年移民到以色列。它考察了俄罗斯裔以色列人新社会和文化活动的世代、性别和阶级方面,同时借鉴了世代公民的概念。与父辈的循规蹈矩相反,新一代1.5领导人已经形成了一种代沟意识,并将自己视为变革的积极力量。这一庞大移民群体的领导人主要在公民和文化领域行动,他们通过成功的社交媒体活动,如视频剪辑、博客和文章、文化节、公共活动和媒体参与,挑战有关俄罗斯裔以色列人的公共话语。
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引用次数: 2
“Mizrahi religion is for laymen custom”: Construction of an ethnoreligious hierarchy in boarding yeshiva high schools in Israel in the 1980s “米兹拉希宗教是为门外汉的习俗”:20世纪80年代以色列寄宿耶希瓦高中的民族宗教等级制度构建
IF 0.2 3区 历史学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/13531042.2021.2090482
Erez Trabelsi
ABSTRACT Underpinned by Bourdieuian theory, specifically, Bourdieu’s argument in Distinction (1984), this study investigates the instituting of an ethnoreligious social order in yeshiva high schools in Israel in the 1980s, as expressed in the personal accounts of Mizrahi graduates of these schools. The research findings indicate that the educational staff of the yeshiva high schools, being mostly Ashkenazi, constructed Ashkenazi religion as standard, and Mizrahi religion as flawed and out of place in the religious life of the yeshiva high school. The religious and liturgical practices in the yeshiva high schools followed purely Ashkenazi traditions, while the educational staff insisted on marking the inferiority of Mizrahi religion by means of various remarks regarding the students’ ethnic identity, in addition to inversion rituals that degraded Mizrahi religious traditions. The study findings correspond with Religious Zionist society’s preoccupation with the preference of the Ashkenazi version of religion to the Mizrahi version in state religious education in general, and in yeshiva high schools in particular.
摘要本研究以布迪厄理论,特别是布迪厄在《区分》(1984)中的论点为基础,调查了20世纪80年代以色列叶希瓦高中建立的民族宗教社会秩序,正如这些学校的米兹拉希毕业生的个人描述所表达的那样。研究结果表明,耶希瓦高中的教育人员,主要是阿什肯纳兹人,将阿什肯纳齐宗教视为标准,而米兹拉希宗教在耶希瓦中学的宗教生活中是有缺陷和不合时宜的。耶希瓦高中的宗教和礼拜仪式遵循纯粹的阿什肯纳兹传统,而教育工作人员坚持通过各种关于学生种族身份的言论,以及贬低米兹拉希宗教传统的倒置仪式,来标记米兹拉什宗教的自卑性。这项研究结果与犹太复国主义宗教社会在国家宗教教育中,特别是在耶希瓦高中,对阿什肯纳兹版本的宗教比对米兹拉希版本的宗教的偏好相一致。
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引用次数: 1
Israeli Independence Day, 1967: Mixed Messages on the Eve of War 1967年以色列独立日:战争前夕的混杂信息
IF 0.2 3区 历史学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/13531042.2021.2045081
L. Eisenberg
ABSTRACT Israel’s 19th Independence Day preceded the Six-Day War by three weeks. Amid worsening regional tensions, the Eshkol government supplemented traditional diplomacy and deterrence by modifying Independence Day rituals with the intention of deterring further Arab provocations; reassuring Israelis of their leaders’ competency; leading the West to blame the Arabs, should war erupt; and asserting freedom of action in Jerusalem. A close analysis of this tinkering with the press, a poem, and a parade illuminates Eshkol’s management of the deteriorating security situation and Israel’s assumptions about Arab and global actors during the “waiting period eve” (erev ha-hamtana) preceding the three-week countdown to the war. The modified rituals failed to deter the Arabs, fully reassure Israelis or appease the West, instead exacerbating tensions, but successfully demonstrated Israel’s sovereignty in Jerusalem.
摘要以色列第19个独立日比六日战争提前了三周。在地区紧张局势不断恶化的情况下,埃什科尔政府通过修改独立日仪式来补充传统外交和威慑,以遏制阿拉伯的进一步挑衅;向以色列人保证其领导人的能力;如果战争爆发,导致西方指责阿拉伯人;以及在耶路撒冷维护行动自由。通过对媒体、一首诗和一场游行的仔细分析,可以看出埃什科尔对不断恶化的安全局势的管理,以及以色列在战争倒计时三周前的“等待期前夕”(erev ha hamtana)对阿拉伯和全球行为体的假设。修改后的仪式未能阻止阿拉伯人,也未能完全安抚以色列人或安抚西方,反而加剧了紧张局势,但成功地展示了以色列在耶路撒冷的主权。
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引用次数: 1
The Joshua Generation: Israeli occupation and the Bible 约书亚一代:以色列占领与圣经
IF 0.2 3区 历史学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/13531042.2021.2033453
Anne Perez
Rottenberg argues Be’er’s Reservist’s Diary ’89 and Zaides’s Quiet address the Israeli– Palestinian conflict through different modalities: by portraying scenes taken from the experiences of war (Be’er) and via metaphorical emotional relationships that do not necessarily point to the conflict but come directly from it (Zaides). Rottenberg determines a dance’s politics through audiences’ reception. Because Reservist’s Diary, performed by Jewish Israelis, dramatized clashes between Israelis and Palestinians, audiences read it as being “about” the conflict and therefore political. Quiet, on the other hand, was more abstract in terms of theme and the way the movement played out through the mixed cast of Israeli and Palestinian dancers that reflected interpersonal relationships. As a result, audiences did not consider Quiet to be about the conflict or political. Whether the dances are political is not the right question to ask about these works since they are both clearly politically enmeshed. Instead, a question arising from Rottenberg’s claim that these dances expand concert dance might be, which methods of addressing the Israeli–Palestinian conflict are most effective in doing so: making a dance that explicitly portrays violence through formalist theatrical conventions or creating a dance that appears more visually abstract built on the pain of the crisis and expressed through the bodies of its dancers? I would argue the latter, in order to manifest the structural, emotional-psychological, and human dimensions of the conflict, which are deeply engrained in audiences and performers. Moving through Conflict exemplifies the visceral stakes for the Israeli–Palestinian conflict’s personal implications. The essays demonstrate how dance embodies politics and how we can better understand Israeli history through dance exchange. This important book will benefit undergraduate and graduate students and scholars of dance and the Middle East, as well as readers interested in understanding politics through the body.
罗滕贝格认为,贝尔的《预备役军人日记89》和扎伊德斯的《寂静》通过不同的方式描述了巴以冲突:通过描绘战争经历中的场景(贝尔),通过隐喻性的情感关系,不一定指向冲突,但直接来自冲突(扎伊德斯)。罗滕伯格通过观众的接受来决定舞蹈的政治。因为由犹太以色列人表演的《预备役军人日记》戏剧化了以色列人和巴勒斯坦人之间的冲突,所以观众把它解读为“关于”冲突,因此是政治性的。另一方面,《安静》在主题和动作上更为抽象,通过以色列和巴勒斯坦舞者的混合演员,反映了人际关系。因此,观众不认为《寂静》是关于冲突或政治的。对于这两部作品来说,舞蹈是否具有政治性并不是一个正确的问题,因为它们都明显地卷入了政治。相反,Rottenberg声称这些舞蹈扩展了音乐会舞蹈,由此产生的一个问题可能是,哪种解决巴以冲突的方法最有效:通过形式主义的戏剧惯例制作一种明确描绘暴力的舞蹈,还是创造一种建立在危机痛苦之上的视觉上更抽象的舞蹈,并通过舞者的身体来表达?我认为是后者,这是为了体现冲突的结构、情感心理和人性维度,这些都深深根植于观众和表演者的内心。在冲突中穿行体现了巴以冲突对个人影响的内在利害关系。这些文章展示了舞蹈如何体现政治,以及我们如何通过舞蹈交流更好地了解以色列的历史。这本重要的书将使舞蹈和中东的本科生和研究生、学者以及对通过身体理解政治感兴趣的读者受益。
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引用次数: 0
The Holocaust in the Israel Museum Jerusalem: A prism of the Jewish-Israeli identity discourse 耶路撒冷以色列博物馆中的大屠杀:犹太-以色列身份话语的棱镜
IF 0.2 3区 历史学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/13531042.2021.2077192
Hilda Nissimi
ABSTRACT In this article I look at the presentation of the Holocaust in the Israel Museum Jerusalem (IMJ) from its inception with special regard to the permanent exhibition after its refurbishment in 2010. It provides us with a “text” on Jewish identity of importance commensurate with the respect that the Israel Museum commands within the Jewish-Israeli cultural scene. I will do so by closely reading the presentation of the Holocaust within Israeli wider discourse on the Holocaust and its changing place in the formation of the Jewish Israeli civil religion; the IMJ both reflecting and aiming to influence toward a secular humanistic version of the state’s civil religion. Before the 2010 refurbishment, the Holocaust was presented by very few temporary exhibitions that presented the Holocaust within a framework of a universalist version of Zionism. After 2010 the Holocaust was represented at the IMJ as Yom Ha-Shoah (Holocaust Day), in a central position that ties it to both traditional and secular holy days as a vital link within Israel’s civil religion.
摘要在这篇文章中,我回顾了耶路撒冷以色列博物馆(IMJ)从一开始就对大屠杀的介绍,特别是2010年翻新后的永久展览。它为我们提供了一份关于犹太人身份的“文本”,其重要性与以色列博物馆在犹太-以色列文化场景中所受到的尊重相称。为此,我将仔细阅读以色列关于大屠杀及其在犹太-以色列公民宗教形成中不断变化的地位的更广泛讨论中对大屠杀的介绍;IMJ既反映又旨在影响国家公民宗教的世俗人文主义版本。在2010年翻新之前,很少有临时展览在犹太复国主义的普遍主义版本的框架内展示大屠杀。2010年后,大屠杀在IMJ上被称为Yom Ha Shoah(大屠杀日),处于一个中心地位,将其与传统和世俗圣日联系起来,作为以色列公民宗教中的一个重要环节。
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引用次数: 1
Kommunist omed ve-shar (A Communist Stands and Sings): On Israel’s Ron Workers’ Choir Kommunist omed ve shar(共产主义者的立场和歌唱):以色列罗恩工人合唱团
IF 0.2 3区 历史学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/13531042.2021.2097157
Jasmin Habib, Amir Locker-Biletzki
ABSTRACT At first glance Jewish Israeli Communists and SLI (Songs of the Land of Israel) make strange bedfellows. Communist Party members would seem to be the last to sing songs that glorify the Land of Israel using Zionist tropes. Yet they did. Since the end of World War II, the Ron Workers’ Choir, which was affiliated with the Communist Party, sang SLI songs and performed on international stages in the Socialist Bloc and in Israel. This amateur choir, its history, and the ideological shifts that enabled its activity are the focus of this article. We argue here that the shift in the Jewish Communists’ ideology toward a form of qualified recognition of Israeli nationalism and the development of a Zionist Habitus enabled the reception and embrace of Zionist culture, including its settler colonial aspects, by Jewish Israeli Communists.
乍一看,犹太裔以色列共产党人和SLI(以色列之歌)是奇怪的同床异梦。共产党员似乎是最后一个用犹太复国主义比喻赞美以色列土地的人。然而他们做到了。自第二次世界大战结束以来,隶属于共产党的罗恩工人合唱团演唱了SLI歌曲,并在社会主义集团和以色列的国际舞台上表演。这个业余合唱团,它的历史,以及使其活动的意识形态转变是本文的重点。我们在这里认为,犹太共产主义者的意识形态向有条件地承认以色列民族主义的形式转变,以及犹太复国主义习惯的发展,使犹太-以色列共产主义者能够接受和接受犹太复国主义文化,包括其定居者殖民方面。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of Israeli History
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