Schottland zählt neben Irland sicherlich zu den englischen Sprachräumen, die seit jeher vermehrt Aufmerksamkeit auf sich ziehen. Die vorliegende Arbeit von Holger Schmitt gliedert sich daher in eine mehr oder weniger große Tradition von Arbeiten ein, die von klassischer Soziolinguistik wie Pollner (1985), Macafee (1997) oder Macaulay (1991) über Beschreibungen grammatischer Phänomene (Görlach 1985; Bergs 2005) und historische Darstellungen (Jones 1997) bis hin zu eher sprachpolitischen Abhandlungen wie McClure (1980, 1988) reicht. All diesen Arbeiten gemein jedoch scheint zu sein, dass der Gegenstandsbereich eher schwammig definiert wird. Was ist die Sprache Schottlands? Wir finden hier zum einen Gälisch, aber auch “English Standard English”. Und natürlich auch “Scottish Englisch” und “Scots”. Man fühlt sich nicht selten an den epochalen Ausruf Max Weinreichs erinnert:A shprakh iz a dialekt mit an armey un flot – “a language is a dialect with an army and navy” (Weinreich 1945, 13). In Schottland handelt es sich offenbar jedoch eher um ein Kontinuum denn um klar definierte oder definierbare Begrifflichkeiten, so dass keine aktuelle Arbeit umhinkommt, ihren Gegenstandsbereich sorgfältig zu beschreiben. Schmitt entzieht sich dieser leidvollen und doch eher fruchtlosen Diskussion in seiner Arbeit und ersetzt die Frage durch einen weitaus produktiveren, soziolinguistisch und sprachsoziologisch modernen Ansatz, nämlich der Frage, inwiefern und durch welche sprachlichen Merkmale sich Sprecher als “Scots-Sprecher” identifizieren. Der Begriff der sprachlichen Identität wird somit dynamisch und bewegt sich weg von eher historisch oder regional geprägten Faktoren, die zwar Einfluss auf die Identitätsbildung haben können, diese aber nicht schlussendlich deterministisch bestimmen. Auf dieser Grundlage erst können und sollten konkrete sprachpolitische Aussagen und Empfehlungen zum möglichen Ausbau von Sprachen und Varietäten getroffen werden. Die Arbeit gliedert sich in insgesamt acht Kapitel. Nach einer allgemeinen Einführung und Diskussion der Problematik von Sprache und Identität beschreibt Kapitel 3 “Scots in Geschichte und Gegenwart” und referiert dabei sehr hilfreich die z.T. recht komplexen Debatten bei Aitken (1981, 1982, 1985), Görlach (1991, 1998) und McClure (1988). Kapitel 4 schildert im Detail die Forschungsmethodik der vorgelegten Studie. Dabei geht Schmitt insbesondere auf Fragen der qualitativen Forschung ein. Dies wird nachvollziehbar begründet mit der Unschärfe und Multikausalität des Problems bzw. der Komplexität des Gegenstands selbst. Die acht Fragen bzw. Forschungskomplexe, die hier in dieser Studie aus qualitativer Sicht bearbeitet werden sollen, sind: 1. Kognition (die Wahrnehmung der sprachlichen Situation in Schottland); 2. Emotion (die emotionale Haltung den Varietäten gegenüber); 3. Volition (konkrete Wünsche und Bedürfnisse der Sprecher); 4. Scots (Kenntnisse über Scots); 5. Stabilität (Stabilität und Dynamik der Einstellungen); 6.
{"title":"Holger Schmitt. Sprache und Identität in Schottland. Eine qualitative Makrostudie zur Rolle des Tiefland-Schottischen (Scots)","authors":"Alexander Bergs","doi":"10.1515/ang-2012-0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ang-2012-0052","url":null,"abstract":"Schottland zählt neben Irland sicherlich zu den englischen Sprachräumen, die seit jeher vermehrt Aufmerksamkeit auf sich ziehen. Die vorliegende Arbeit von Holger Schmitt gliedert sich daher in eine mehr oder weniger große Tradition von Arbeiten ein, die von klassischer Soziolinguistik wie Pollner (1985), Macafee (1997) oder Macaulay (1991) über Beschreibungen grammatischer Phänomene (Görlach 1985; Bergs 2005) und historische Darstellungen (Jones 1997) bis hin zu eher sprachpolitischen Abhandlungen wie McClure (1980, 1988) reicht. All diesen Arbeiten gemein jedoch scheint zu sein, dass der Gegenstandsbereich eher schwammig definiert wird. Was ist die Sprache Schottlands? Wir finden hier zum einen Gälisch, aber auch “English Standard English”. Und natürlich auch “Scottish Englisch” und “Scots”. Man fühlt sich nicht selten an den epochalen Ausruf Max Weinreichs erinnert:A shprakh iz a dialekt mit an armey un flot – “a language is a dialect with an army and navy” (Weinreich 1945, 13). In Schottland handelt es sich offenbar jedoch eher um ein Kontinuum denn um klar definierte oder definierbare Begrifflichkeiten, so dass keine aktuelle Arbeit umhinkommt, ihren Gegenstandsbereich sorgfältig zu beschreiben. Schmitt entzieht sich dieser leidvollen und doch eher fruchtlosen Diskussion in seiner Arbeit und ersetzt die Frage durch einen weitaus produktiveren, soziolinguistisch und sprachsoziologisch modernen Ansatz, nämlich der Frage, inwiefern und durch welche sprachlichen Merkmale sich Sprecher als “Scots-Sprecher” identifizieren. Der Begriff der sprachlichen Identität wird somit dynamisch und bewegt sich weg von eher historisch oder regional geprägten Faktoren, die zwar Einfluss auf die Identitätsbildung haben können, diese aber nicht schlussendlich deterministisch bestimmen. Auf dieser Grundlage erst können und sollten konkrete sprachpolitische Aussagen und Empfehlungen zum möglichen Ausbau von Sprachen und Varietäten getroffen werden. Die Arbeit gliedert sich in insgesamt acht Kapitel. Nach einer allgemeinen Einführung und Diskussion der Problematik von Sprache und Identität beschreibt Kapitel 3 “Scots in Geschichte und Gegenwart” und referiert dabei sehr hilfreich die z.T. recht komplexen Debatten bei Aitken (1981, 1982, 1985), Görlach (1991, 1998) und McClure (1988). Kapitel 4 schildert im Detail die Forschungsmethodik der vorgelegten Studie. Dabei geht Schmitt insbesondere auf Fragen der qualitativen Forschung ein. Dies wird nachvollziehbar begründet mit der Unschärfe und Multikausalität des Problems bzw. der Komplexität des Gegenstands selbst. Die acht Fragen bzw. Forschungskomplexe, die hier in dieser Studie aus qualitativer Sicht bearbeitet werden sollen, sind: 1. Kognition (die Wahrnehmung der sprachlichen Situation in Schottland); 2. Emotion (die emotionale Haltung den Varietäten gegenüber); 3. Volition (konkrete Wünsche und Bedürfnisse der Sprecher); 4. Scots (Kenntnisse über Scots); 5. Stabilität (Stabilität und Dynamik der Einstellungen); 6.","PeriodicalId":43572,"journal":{"name":"ANGLIA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ENGLISCHE PHILOLOGIE","volume":"15 1","pages":"280 - 283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84991860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present volume is a sequel to the collection of essays Sites of Memory in American Literatures and Cultures (2003) by the same editor. Its significance for American studies arises from its aim to apply the new transnational perspective to the current field of memory studies. All nineteen articles written by contributors from the United States and Europe bear witness to the productivity unleashed by the paradigmatic shift from a strictly national to a transnational view of ‘cultural memory’-phenomena. As Udo Hebel puts it in his introduction to Transnational American Memories: “The recognition of the boundless and creative transnational flow of commemorative energy in and out of the cultures grounded in or associated with the space of what today is the United States of America makes for the wide geographical, historical, cultural, and political scope of the individual essays” (2f.). In view of this broad spectrum, Hebel’s succinct summaries of the individual articles allow the reader to see the multiple facets and, above all, the complexity of bringing together the two concepts “transnational” and “memory” (3–6). Indeed, they provide a valuable starting point for looking into various issues of the “transnational memory” topic such as the question of how transnational memory is created, recovered or lost. Alfred Hornung (Art. 8), for instance, observes that the contemporary US American novelists Jonathan Safran Foer and Don DeLillo enrich their respective 9/11 narratives Extremely Loud & Incredibly Close (2005) and Falling Man (2007) with transnational memories when they refer to other man-made catastrophes such as the destruction of Dresden or the Tower of Babel to describe the 9/11 disaster. Orm Øverland (Art. 4) regards the letters of Norwegian immigrants to the US as a store of transnational memories which help to recover the immigrants’ attitudes towards Native Americans. Kirk Savage (Art. 15) draws attention to the ways a site of transnational memory can lose its transnational signification. Originally intended as a transnational project that was meant to tie the Ukrainian nationalist hero Shevchenko to the US Cold War ideology, the Shevchenko memorial in Washington, D.C., lost its transnational significance when it “lapsed into the realm of ethnic heritage” (347). These are only a few of the articles that deal with the creation, recovery, and loss of transnational memory. The study is, however, of additional interest as it documents a variety of methods and media in the discovery of transnational memory facets. Several authors look at literary texts, others link literature with autobiography, then there are a number of studies that focus on non-literary texts, studies of monuments and other sites of transnational memory, and, last but not least, studies on cinematic narratives. Juan Bruce-Novoa (Art. 1) has selected a literary text for his transnational memory investigations. He argues that the Mexican-American-German poet Rita María Mag
本卷是由同一编辑于2003年出版的文集《美国文学和文化中的记忆地点》的续集。它对美国研究的意义在于其目的是将新的跨国视角应用于当前的记忆研究领域。来自美国和欧洲的作者所写的所有19篇文章都见证了“文化记忆”现象从严格的国家视角到跨国视角的范式转变所释放的生产力。正如Udo Hebel在他的《跨国美国记忆》的引言中所说的那样:“认识到纪念能量的无限和创造性的跨国流动进出于植根于当今美利坚合众国的空间或与之相关的文化，这使得个别文章具有广泛的地理、历史、文化和政治范围”(2f.)。鉴于这一广泛的范围，Hebel对个别文章的简洁总结让读者看到了多个方面，最重要的是，将“跨国”和“记忆”这两个概念结合在一起的复杂性。事实上，它们为研究“跨国记忆”主题的各种问题提供了一个有价值的起点，比如跨国记忆是如何产生、恢复或丢失的问题。例如，阿尔弗雷德·霍农(Art. 8)观察到，当代美国小说家乔纳森·萨夫兰·福尔和唐·德里罗在他们各自的9/11叙事中丰富了他们各自的跨国记忆，他们提到了其他人为灾难，如德累斯顿的毁灭或巴别塔的毁灭来描述9/11灾难。Orm Øverland (Art. 4)认为挪威移民到美国的信件是一种跨国记忆的储存，有助于恢复移民对美洲原住民的态度。柯克·萨维奇(第15条)将人们的注意力吸引到跨国记忆的地点如何失去其跨国意义。位于华盛顿特区的舍甫琴科纪念碑原本是一个跨国项目，旨在将乌克兰民族主义英雄舍甫琴科与美国冷战意识形态联系起来，但当它“陷入民族遗产的领域”时，失去了它的跨国意义(347)。这些只是涉及跨国记忆的创造、恢复和丧失的一些文章。然而，这项研究是额外的兴趣，因为它记录了各种方法和媒体在发现跨国记忆方面。一些作者关注文学文本，另一些将文学与自传联系起来，还有一些研究关注非文学文本，对纪念碑和其他跨国记忆地点的研究，最后但并非最不重要的是对电影叙事的研究。Juan Bruce-Novoa (Art 1)为他的跨国记忆研究选择了一个文学文本。他认为墨西哥-美国-德国诗人Rita María Magdaleno的作品集《Marlene Dietrich, Rita Hayworth， & My Mother》(2003)为奇卡诺文学的语料增加了一个国际维度，它主要关注“明显的民族混合”(12)，并追溯了墨西哥、美国和德国主题的“跨国”混合(例如，第二节和第三节中的大屠杀)。马格达莱诺的德国母亲跟随一名大兵来到美国，后来嫁给了一名犹太集中营幸存者)。一直以来，Bruce-Novoa都将墨西哥的Malinche神话与Magdaleno的诗歌进行比较(例如，“受虐待的德国妇女反映了Malinche被她的家人虐待”，26)，以证实他的说法
{"title":"Transnational American Memories","authors":"Erik Redling","doi":"10.1515/ang-2012-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ang-2012-0016","url":null,"abstract":"The present volume is a sequel to the collection of essays Sites of Memory in American Literatures and Cultures (2003) by the same editor. Its significance for American studies arises from its aim to apply the new transnational perspective to the current field of memory studies. All nineteen articles written by contributors from the United States and Europe bear witness to the productivity unleashed by the paradigmatic shift from a strictly national to a transnational view of ‘cultural memory’-phenomena. As Udo Hebel puts it in his introduction to Transnational American Memories: “The recognition of the boundless and creative transnational flow of commemorative energy in and out of the cultures grounded in or associated with the space of what today is the United States of America makes for the wide geographical, historical, cultural, and political scope of the individual essays” (2f.). In view of this broad spectrum, Hebel’s succinct summaries of the individual articles allow the reader to see the multiple facets and, above all, the complexity of bringing together the two concepts “transnational” and “memory” (3–6). Indeed, they provide a valuable starting point for looking into various issues of the “transnational memory” topic such as the question of how transnational memory is created, recovered or lost. Alfred Hornung (Art. 8), for instance, observes that the contemporary US American novelists Jonathan Safran Foer and Don DeLillo enrich their respective 9/11 narratives Extremely Loud & Incredibly Close (2005) and Falling Man (2007) with transnational memories when they refer to other man-made catastrophes such as the destruction of Dresden or the Tower of Babel to describe the 9/11 disaster. Orm Øverland (Art. 4) regards the letters of Norwegian immigrants to the US as a store of transnational memories which help to recover the immigrants’ attitudes towards Native Americans. Kirk Savage (Art. 15) draws attention to the ways a site of transnational memory can lose its transnational signification. Originally intended as a transnational project that was meant to tie the Ukrainian nationalist hero Shevchenko to the US Cold War ideology, the Shevchenko memorial in Washington, D.C., lost its transnational significance when it “lapsed into the realm of ethnic heritage” (347). These are only a few of the articles that deal with the creation, recovery, and loss of transnational memory. The study is, however, of additional interest as it documents a variety of methods and media in the discovery of transnational memory facets. Several authors look at literary texts, others link literature with autobiography, then there are a number of studies that focus on non-literary texts, studies of monuments and other sites of transnational memory, and, last but not least, studies on cinematic narratives. Juan Bruce-Novoa (Art. 1) has selected a literary text for his transnational memory investigations. He argues that the Mexican-American-German poet Rita María Mag","PeriodicalId":43572,"journal":{"name":"ANGLIA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ENGLISCHE PHILOLOGIE","volume":"29 1","pages":"136 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88030314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
tory of Medieval English Literature. Ed. David Wallace. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. 152–176. Hornstein, Lillian H. 1967. “Eustace–Constance–Florence–Griselda Legends”. Manual of the Writings in Middle English 1050–1500. Vol. I: Romances. Ed. J. Burke Severs. New Haven: Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences. 120– 132. Pearsall, Derek. 1985. “Middle English Romance and its Audiences”. Historical and Editorial Studies in Medieval and Early Modern English for Johan Gerritsen. Ed. Mary Jo Arn & Hanneke Wirtjes. Groningen: Wolters-Noordhoff. 37– 47.
中世纪英国文学的故事艾德，大卫·华莱士。剑桥:剑桥向上。152 - 176。霍恩斯坦，莉莲H. 1967。“Eustace-Constance-Florence-Griselda传说”。中古英语写作手册(1050-1500)第一卷:浪漫。埃德·j·伯克·塞弗斯。纽黑文:康涅狄格艺术与科学学院。120 - 132。德里克·皮尔索尔1985。“中古英语浪漫主义及其受众”。约翰·格里特森的中世纪和早期现代英语的历史和编辑研究。Ed. Mary Jo Arn和Hanneke Wirtjes。格罗宁根:Wolters-Noordhoff。37 - 47。
{"title":"John Gower, Trilingual Poet: Language, Translation and Tradition. John Gower. Poems on Contemporary Events: The Visio Anglie (1381) and Cronica tripertita (1400)","authors":"Rory G. Critten","doi":"10.1515/ang-2012-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ang-2012-0033","url":null,"abstract":"tory of Medieval English Literature. Ed. David Wallace. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. 152–176. Hornstein, Lillian H. 1967. “Eustace–Constance–Florence–Griselda Legends”. Manual of the Writings in Middle English 1050–1500. Vol. I: Romances. Ed. J. Burke Severs. New Haven: Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences. 120– 132. Pearsall, Derek. 1985. “Middle English Romance and its Audiences”. Historical and Editorial Studies in Medieval and Early Modern English for Johan Gerritsen. Ed. Mary Jo Arn & Hanneke Wirtjes. Groningen: Wolters-Noordhoff. 37– 47.","PeriodicalId":43572,"journal":{"name":"ANGLIA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ENGLISCHE PHILOLOGIE","volume":"76 1","pages":"168 - 171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74286172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
and Shashi Deshpande’s essays discuss the significance of global success for Indian English literature as well as at home. Other essay’s by Bharati Mukherjee, Nissim Ezekiel, Nalini Natarajan, Vijay Mishra, and Jsabir Jain address the ‘cross-cultural’ encounters in the Indian fiction, diaspora, nation-state and the self. In all, the collection is broad and diverse. But for a volume on South Asia, Indian literature and Indian contributions dominate the book. And the collection could have benefited from the inclusion of the anthropological works on “jajmani system” and “village communities”, which were central to the early Orientalist scholarship. Among other missing components are the writings by the Subaltern Studies group; the agrarian strife and the peasant movements in the early 20th century. Having said that, however, the collection succeeds in bringing a wide selection of scholarly works on South Asia to the readers both within and outside of the region. The essays are written in a clear and concise manner; the absence theoretical jargon also makes this collection accessible to non-specialist readers.
{"title":"Patrick O’Donnell. The American Novel Now: Reading Contemporary American Fiction Since 1980","authors":"Christoph Ribbat","doi":"10.1515/ang-2012-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ang-2012-0018","url":null,"abstract":"and Shashi Deshpande’s essays discuss the significance of global success for Indian English literature as well as at home. Other essay’s by Bharati Mukherjee, Nissim Ezekiel, Nalini Natarajan, Vijay Mishra, and Jsabir Jain address the ‘cross-cultural’ encounters in the Indian fiction, diaspora, nation-state and the self. In all, the collection is broad and diverse. But for a volume on South Asia, Indian literature and Indian contributions dominate the book. And the collection could have benefited from the inclusion of the anthropological works on “jajmani system” and “village communities”, which were central to the early Orientalist scholarship. Among other missing components are the writings by the Subaltern Studies group; the agrarian strife and the peasant movements in the early 20th century. Having said that, however, the collection succeeds in bringing a wide selection of scholarly works on South Asia to the readers both within and outside of the region. The essays are written in a clear and concise manner; the absence theoretical jargon also makes this collection accessible to non-specialist readers.","PeriodicalId":43572,"journal":{"name":"ANGLIA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ENGLISCHE PHILOLOGIE","volume":"5 1","pages":"142 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76078942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Typen geordnet vorstellt. Obwohl die Übersetzertätigkeit König Alfreds mittlerweile angezweifelt wird und Papahagi die einschlägige Literatur rezipiert hat, hat er den fünften, 2001 erschienenen Aufsatz “Res pæne inusitata: Alfred and Notker Translating Boethius” (179–199) in Hinblick darauf nicht umgeschrieben (vgl. S. 179, Anm. 1– 2). Dem grundsätzlichen Vergleich zweier Übertragungen in germanische Sprachen mit den jeweiligen Schwierigkeiten, Modifikationen und erklärenden Zusätzen tut dies keinen Abbruch. In Kapitel 6, “The Old English Boethius and the Distichs of Cato” (201–204), zieht Papahagi aufgrund der auffälligen Verwendung der seltenen Wörter wyrd (‘fatum’, vgl. Kap. 2) und wandrian in einem altenglischen distichum Catonis eine Verbindung zu König Alfreds Übersetzungstätigkeit (s. dazu oben). – Eine kleine Bemerkung zur Übersetzung des lateinischen Textes, S. 202, Anm. 10: Subjekt zu amministrat ist Deus. Die Bibliographie (205–223), sorgfältig erarbeitet wie die beiden Indices, der Index Codicum (225–226) und der Index Nominum (227–228), ist mehr als ein Nachweis der zitierten Werke, nämlich eine Zusammenstellung der einschlägigen Boethius-Literatur, in der sich auch Titel von C.S. Lewis und Benedikt XVI. (vgl. S. 37, Anm. 3 und 4) finden. In der exemplarischen Auseinandersetzung mit der Quelle selbst und in der Diskussion der Forschungsliteratur liegt die Stärke dieses inhaltsreichen Bändchens.
{"title":"Anonymous Interpolations in Ælfric’s Lives of Saints","authors":"V. Pakis","doi":"10.1515/ang-2012-0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ang-2012-0046","url":null,"abstract":"Typen geordnet vorstellt. Obwohl die Übersetzertätigkeit König Alfreds mittlerweile angezweifelt wird und Papahagi die einschlägige Literatur rezipiert hat, hat er den fünften, 2001 erschienenen Aufsatz “Res pæne inusitata: Alfred and Notker Translating Boethius” (179–199) in Hinblick darauf nicht umgeschrieben (vgl. S. 179, Anm. 1– 2). Dem grundsätzlichen Vergleich zweier Übertragungen in germanische Sprachen mit den jeweiligen Schwierigkeiten, Modifikationen und erklärenden Zusätzen tut dies keinen Abbruch. In Kapitel 6, “The Old English Boethius and the Distichs of Cato” (201–204), zieht Papahagi aufgrund der auffälligen Verwendung der seltenen Wörter wyrd (‘fatum’, vgl. Kap. 2) und wandrian in einem altenglischen distichum Catonis eine Verbindung zu König Alfreds Übersetzungstätigkeit (s. dazu oben). – Eine kleine Bemerkung zur Übersetzung des lateinischen Textes, S. 202, Anm. 10: Subjekt zu amministrat ist Deus. Die Bibliographie (205–223), sorgfältig erarbeitet wie die beiden Indices, der Index Codicum (225–226) und der Index Nominum (227–228), ist mehr als ein Nachweis der zitierten Werke, nämlich eine Zusammenstellung der einschlägigen Boethius-Literatur, in der sich auch Titel von C.S. Lewis und Benedikt XVI. (vgl. S. 37, Anm. 3 und 4) finden. In der exemplarischen Auseinandersetzung mit der Quelle selbst und in der Diskussion der Forschungsliteratur liegt die Stärke dieses inhaltsreichen Bändchens.","PeriodicalId":43572,"journal":{"name":"ANGLIA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ENGLISCHE PHILOLOGIE","volume":"17 1","pages":"291 - 293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82907917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ta (1832) by John Richardson, while proposing that Canadian landscape writing and exploration literature had to use ‘new’ means of writing in contrast to the European variants. Omhovère further uproots discourse from its colonial roots by explicating that conventional landscape writing has been subverted by contemporary Canadian writers such as Michael Ondaatje, Robert Kroetsch, or Aritha van Herk by way of an interrogation of geography. A number of essays in this volume address the relevance of landscape writing as “emptying, erasing, denying visibility” (29). Isabelle Alfandary’s most interesting yet erratic essay, “Page-Landscapes in the Theatre of Gertrude Stein” (257–270), examines Stein’s “landscape” plays (257). Generally speaking, Stein emphasizes language and word play over dramatic conventions such as plot, character, and scenery. Alfandary argues that “for Stein, landscape is an animated space in motion perpetual but imperceptible” (267) and that “Stein conceives of landscape as a way to tame alterity, a kind of economic process aiming to bring down libidinal excitement to a tolerable level” (269). Alfandary explores Stein’s unique playwriting aesthetic based in avant-garde drama, photography, and cinema. Richard Pedot’s brilliant essay on Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness interrogates how place becomes placeless and therefore “unmappable” as “the African landscape in Conrad’s novel emerges as a site both of inscription and de-territorialisation” (271). This volume showcases the quintessential notion that landscape is neither realistic nor imaginary. Among other essays that focus on visual arts, Marjorie Vanbaelinghem’s essay on “Landscape as Reflection in British Contemporary Art” (173– 192) concentrates on painters such as Maurice Cockrill, Michael Andrews or Peter Doig. The contribution by David Jasper analyses English writer Jim Crace’s fifth novel Quarantine which retells the Biblical story of Christ’s forty days in the desert by drawing on the theological and biblical images of a desert. In short, the volume unravels a literary-visual richness of landscape texts and images, without having to reproduce the images themselves. The essays in this volume offer thoughtful and nuanced reflections of landscape and make a compelling case for why we must continue to explore literary and visual landscape representations from the 17th century to the present day. By focusing on the theme of landscape, this volume displays the potential of literature and the visual arts to soften the boundary between culture and nature and to promote awareness and contrasting views of particular historical and geopolitical issues pertaining to landscape perceptions.
约翰·理查森(John Richardson)于1832年提出，与欧洲的变体相比，加拿大的风景写作和探索文学必须使用“新”的写作方式。omhov进一步将话语从其殖民根源中连根拔起，通过解释传统的景观写作已经被当代加拿大作家(如Michael Ondaatje, Robert Kroetsch或Aritha van Herk)通过对地理的质疑而颠覆。本卷中的许多文章将风景写作的相关性视为“清空、抹去、否认可见性”(29)。伊莎贝尔·阿尔凡达里最有趣但又古怪的文章《格特鲁德·斯坦因剧院的风景》(257 - 270)考察了斯坦因的“风景”戏剧(257)。一般来说，斯坦强调语言和文字游戏，而不是情节、人物和场景等戏剧惯例。Alfandary认为“对于斯坦因来说，景观是一个永恒但难以察觉的动态动态空间”(267)，并且“斯坦因认为景观是一种驯服另类的方式，一种旨在将力比多兴奋降低到可容忍水平的经济过程”(269)。《阿尔法凡达》探索了斯坦独特的基于前卫戏剧、摄影和电影的剧本美学。理查德·佩多特(Richard Pedot)关于约瑟夫·康拉德(Joseph Conrad)的《黑暗之心》(Heart of Darkness)的精彩文章质疑，“康拉德小说中的非洲景观既是铭文的场所，也是去地域化的场所”，地方是如何变得无所不在，从而“无法绘制”的(271)。这本书展示了景观既不现实也不想象的典型概念。在其他关注视觉艺术的文章中，Marjorie Vanbaelinghem的文章“风景在英国当代艺术中的反映”(173 - 192)集中在莫里斯·考克里尔、迈克尔·安德鲁斯或彼得·多伊格等画家身上。大卫·贾斯珀的贡献分析了英国作家吉姆·克雷斯的第五部小说《隔离》，这部小说通过描绘神学和圣经中沙漠的形象，重新讲述了圣经中基督在沙漠中的四十天的故事。简而言之，这本书揭示了景观文本和图像的文学视觉丰富性，而不必再现图像本身。本卷中的文章提供了对景观的深思熟虑和细致入微的反思，并提出了一个令人信服的理由，说明为什么我们必须继续探索从17世纪到现在的文学和视觉景观表现。通过关注景观主题，本卷展示了文学和视觉艺术的潜力，以软化文化与自然之间的界限，并促进对与景观感知有关的特定历史和地缘政治问题的认识和对比观点。
{"title":"Identitätsbildung in ausgewählten Romanen der Black British Literature: Genre, Gender und Ethnizität","authors":"Ellen Dengel-Janic","doi":"10.1515/ang-2012-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ang-2012-0010","url":null,"abstract":"ta (1832) by John Richardson, while proposing that Canadian landscape writing and exploration literature had to use ‘new’ means of writing in contrast to the European variants. Omhovère further uproots discourse from its colonial roots by explicating that conventional landscape writing has been subverted by contemporary Canadian writers such as Michael Ondaatje, Robert Kroetsch, or Aritha van Herk by way of an interrogation of geography. A number of essays in this volume address the relevance of landscape writing as “emptying, erasing, denying visibility” (29). Isabelle Alfandary’s most interesting yet erratic essay, “Page-Landscapes in the Theatre of Gertrude Stein” (257–270), examines Stein’s “landscape” plays (257). Generally speaking, Stein emphasizes language and word play over dramatic conventions such as plot, character, and scenery. Alfandary argues that “for Stein, landscape is an animated space in motion perpetual but imperceptible” (267) and that “Stein conceives of landscape as a way to tame alterity, a kind of economic process aiming to bring down libidinal excitement to a tolerable level” (269). Alfandary explores Stein’s unique playwriting aesthetic based in avant-garde drama, photography, and cinema. Richard Pedot’s brilliant essay on Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness interrogates how place becomes placeless and therefore “unmappable” as “the African landscape in Conrad’s novel emerges as a site both of inscription and de-territorialisation” (271). This volume showcases the quintessential notion that landscape is neither realistic nor imaginary. Among other essays that focus on visual arts, Marjorie Vanbaelinghem’s essay on “Landscape as Reflection in British Contemporary Art” (173– 192) concentrates on painters such as Maurice Cockrill, Michael Andrews or Peter Doig. The contribution by David Jasper analyses English writer Jim Crace’s fifth novel Quarantine which retells the Biblical story of Christ’s forty days in the desert by drawing on the theological and biblical images of a desert. In short, the volume unravels a literary-visual richness of landscape texts and images, without having to reproduce the images themselves. The essays in this volume offer thoughtful and nuanced reflections of landscape and make a compelling case for why we must continue to explore literary and visual landscape representations from the 17th century to the present day. By focusing on the theme of landscape, this volume displays the potential of literature and the visual arts to soften the boundary between culture and nature and to promote awareness and contrasting views of particular historical and geopolitical issues pertaining to landscape perceptions.","PeriodicalId":43572,"journal":{"name":"ANGLIA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ENGLISCHE PHILOLOGIE","volume":"34 1","pages":"323 - 326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91285080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The title of this volume, Literature and the Environment, may at first seem to indicate a more traditional ecocritical focus on environmentally themed fiction and nature writing, but it proves a flexible choice that allows the inclusion of a wide range of diverging critical approaches to environmental crisis in a broad sense. Indeed, the study points out that, considering the ultimately inconceivable apocalyptic potential of phenomena like climate change and overpopulation, the lack of any “recognized” and standardized bundle of methods may ultimately be one of ecocriticism’s salient qualities: “the unprecedented challenge ... may be the need, literally, to think everything, even to think everything at once” (203). What characterizes ecocriticism, then, is the attempt to overcome boundaries between disciplines and forms of “knowing” the world that have long been considered incompatible, in an effort not only to restructure the relationship of the cultural to the natural world, but also to reconsider what these very concepts might mean. Clark emphasizes that what is called into question is nothing less than “the now dominant liberal humanist conception of the human self” (65), along with its ideas of individual liberty and individual rights. This is a bold and far-reaching statement that needs careful differentiation, especially in an introductory work: while we unquestionably have to rethink what deserves to be recognized as a “right”, few ecocritics would wish to abolish the concept itself. Likewise, although the author is right that environmental damage cannot be kept in check without effective legislation and an “engagement with those national and global structures of economics and forms of government that are ultimately more responsible” (136) than individual lifestyle decisions, this should not lead us to make light of our own, individual, share of responsibilities. Giving an introduction to so polymorphic a field is a tricky task, even more so as the author announces in his preface that he aims for “a tighter synthesis” than the existing essay collections were able to achieve, a “lucid conceptual introduction more familiar to other schools of literary or cultural theory” (xiii). But Clark does indeed meet the challenge. Manageably structured into an introductory outline of the field of study plus twenty concise, thematic chapters, each about ten pages in length, and written in a highly readable style that still tries to avoid reductions and provoke thought, the book is certainly a suitable source for students wishing to get a general overview of the subject area. Lists of further reading, a detailed index and highlighted boxes with additional examples and explanations, as well as socalled “quandaries” (ongoing critical debates and unresolved conflicts), contribute to its user-friendly lucidity. In terms of content, the volume makes a point of demonstrating the wide scope of concerns connected with the study of literature and the environment
{"title":"Timothy Clark. The Cambridge Introduction to Literature and the Environment","authors":"Christina Caupert","doi":"10.1515/ang-2012-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ang-2012-0008","url":null,"abstract":"The title of this volume, Literature and the Environment, may at first seem to indicate a more traditional ecocritical focus on environmentally themed fiction and nature writing, but it proves a flexible choice that allows the inclusion of a wide range of diverging critical approaches to environmental crisis in a broad sense. Indeed, the study points out that, considering the ultimately inconceivable apocalyptic potential of phenomena like climate change and overpopulation, the lack of any “recognized” and standardized bundle of methods may ultimately be one of ecocriticism’s salient qualities: “the unprecedented challenge ... may be the need, literally, to think everything, even to think everything at once” (203). What characterizes ecocriticism, then, is the attempt to overcome boundaries between disciplines and forms of “knowing” the world that have long been considered incompatible, in an effort not only to restructure the relationship of the cultural to the natural world, but also to reconsider what these very concepts might mean. Clark emphasizes that what is called into question is nothing less than “the now dominant liberal humanist conception of the human self” (65), along with its ideas of individual liberty and individual rights. This is a bold and far-reaching statement that needs careful differentiation, especially in an introductory work: while we unquestionably have to rethink what deserves to be recognized as a “right”, few ecocritics would wish to abolish the concept itself. Likewise, although the author is right that environmental damage cannot be kept in check without effective legislation and an “engagement with those national and global structures of economics and forms of government that are ultimately more responsible” (136) than individual lifestyle decisions, this should not lead us to make light of our own, individual, share of responsibilities. Giving an introduction to so polymorphic a field is a tricky task, even more so as the author announces in his preface that he aims for “a tighter synthesis” than the existing essay collections were able to achieve, a “lucid conceptual introduction more familiar to other schools of literary or cultural theory” (xiii). But Clark does indeed meet the challenge. Manageably structured into an introductory outline of the field of study plus twenty concise, thematic chapters, each about ten pages in length, and written in a highly readable style that still tries to avoid reductions and provoke thought, the book is certainly a suitable source for students wishing to get a general overview of the subject area. Lists of further reading, a detailed index and highlighted boxes with additional examples and explanations, as well as socalled “quandaries” (ongoing critical debates and unresolved conflicts), contribute to its user-friendly lucidity. In terms of content, the volume makes a point of demonstrating the wide scope of concerns connected with the study of literature and the environment","PeriodicalId":43572,"journal":{"name":"ANGLIA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ENGLISCHE PHILOLOGIE","volume":"60 1","pages":"130 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91167717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biber, Douglas, Stig Johansson, Geoffrey Leech, Susan Conrad & Edward Finegan. 1999. Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English. Harlow: Longman. Brinton, Laurel J. & Elizabeth Closs Traugott. 2005. Lexicalization and Language Change. Research Surveys in Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. Mair, Christian. 2006. Twentieth-Century English. History, Variation, and Standardization. Studies in English Language. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
{"title":"Phonological Weakness in English: From Old English to Present-day English","authors":"Robert Mailhammer","doi":"10.1515/ang-2012-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ang-2012-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Biber, Douglas, Stig Johansson, Geoffrey Leech, Susan Conrad & Edward Finegan. 1999. Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English. Harlow: Longman. Brinton, Laurel J. & Elizabeth Closs Traugott. 2005. Lexicalization and Language Change. Research Surveys in Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. Mair, Christian. 2006. Twentieth-Century English. History, Variation, and Standardization. Studies in English Language. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.","PeriodicalId":43572,"journal":{"name":"ANGLIA-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ENGLISCHE PHILOLOGIE","volume":"951 1","pages":"155 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85545249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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