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2016 17th International Conference on Thermal, Mechanical and Multi-Physics Simulation and Experiments in Microelectronics and Microsystems (EuroSimE)最新文献

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Accelerated thermo-mechanical test method for LED modules LED模组的加速热机械测试方法
J. Magnien, J. Rose, M. Pfeiler-Deutschmann, R. Hammer, L. Mitterhuber, S. Defregger, F. Schrank, E. Kraker
High power light emitting diode (LED) has gained more and more importance over the last decade as a long-life general illumination source. To ensure a long-lasting lifetime of the LED module, knowledge about critical failures has to be generated. However, it is extremely time consuming and complicated to assess the failure mechanisms and the reliability of the whole LED system. In this work the focus lies mainly in the investigation of failure modes generated in wire-bonds of phosphor converted (pc) white LED modules. Therefore an accelerated test method was developed, where the time-consuming electrical switching test was transferred into a fast purely thermo-mechanical test. For this purpose, Finite Element simulations representing the thermal effect of an electrical off-switching cycle were performed to compare thermally induced strains and stresses with equivalent purely mechanical stresses causing similar strain/stress scenarios. The experimental setup consisted of a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA), where the electrical switching test was transferred into an equivalent accelerated mechanical compression test. Failure analysis methods such as X-Ray computed tomography (XR-CT) and cross section investigations by light microscopy or scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analyze failure modes and to compare both testing setups (electrical vs. mechanical). Additionally, thermal impedance analysis was used to monitor changes in thermal device performance in a non-destructive way.
近十年来,大功率发光二极管(LED)作为一种长寿命的通用照明光源越来越受到人们的重视。为了确保LED模块的长期使用寿命,必须生成有关关键故障的知识。然而,评估整个LED系统的失效机制和可靠性是非常耗时和复杂的。本工作的重点是研究荧光粉转换(pc)白光LED模组线键产生的失效模式。因此,开发了一种加速试验方法,将耗时的电气开关试验转化为快速的纯热机械试验。为此,进行了代表电关闭循环热效应的有限元模拟,以比较热诱导的应变和应力与等效的纯机械应力,造成类似的应变/应力场景。实验装置由动态机械分析仪(DMA)组成,其中电气开关测试转换为等效加速机械压缩测试。故障分析方法,如x射线计算机断层扫描(XR-CT)和光学显微镜或扫描电子显微镜(SEM)的横截面调查,用于分析故障模式,并比较两种测试设置(电气与机械)。此外,热阻抗分析用于以非破坏性方式监测热器件性能的变化。
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引用次数: 5
A study of dry stiction phenomenon in MEMS using a computational stochastic multi-scale methodology 基于计算随机多尺度方法的MEMS干粘现象研究
T. Hoang, L. Wu, S. Paquay, J. Golinval, M. Arnst, L. Noels
This work studies the uncertainties of the adhesive contact problems for reduced size structures, e.g. the stiction failure of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). In MEMS, because of the large surface to volume ratio, the surfaces forces, such as van der Waals forces and capillary forces, are dominant in comparison with the body forces. As these force magnitudes strongly depend on the contact distance, when the two contacting surfaces are rough, the contact distances vary, and the physical contact areas are limited at the highest asperities of the contacting surfaces. Therefore, the adhesive contact forces between two rough surfaces can suffer from a scatter, and the involved structural behaviors can be indeterministic. To numerically predict the probability behaviors of structures involving adhesion in dry environments, in this paper, a computational stochastic model-based multi-scale method developed by the authors is applied. The effects of van der Waals is studied and compared with experimental data as well as with the effects of capillary forces.
本文研究了小尺寸结构粘接接触问题的不确定性,例如微机电系统(MEMS)的粘接失效。在MEMS中,由于表面体积比大,表面力,如范德华力和毛细力,与体力相比占主导地位。由于这些力的大小强烈依赖于接触距离,当两个接触表面粗糙时,接触距离会发生变化,并且物理接触面积仅限于接触表面的最高粗糙度。因此,两个粗糙表面之间的粘接接触力会受到散射,所涉及的结构行为可能是不确定的。为了对干燥环境中涉及黏附的结构的概率行为进行数值预测,本文采用了作者提出的基于计算随机模型的多尺度方法。研究了范德华效应,并与实验数据和毛细力的影响进行了比较。
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引用次数: 2
Macro model of capacitive MEMS accelerometer in CADENCE environment CADENCE环境下电容式MEMS加速度计的宏观模型
C. Maj, M. Szermer, A. Napieralski, B. Kirjusha, A. Tchkalov, P. Michalik
Designing of MEMS devices requires modeling step. Many devices combines mechanical and electrical domains. Very often it is desired to use one simulation tool that allows taking into account both domains. Such functionality has CADENCE environment. In this paper we do such simulations using developed macro model of capacitive MEMS accelerometer. The accelerometer is described in Verilog-A language and placed in electrical schematic that consist of read-out circuit. The simulations were performed for the device z-axis CMOS-integrated acceleration sensor that has been developed in UPC Barcelona. The results of simulations were compared to those obtained by measurements of fabricated device.
MEMS器件的设计需要建模步骤。许多设备结合了机械和电气领域。通常情况下,我们希望使用一种能够同时考虑两个领域的模拟工具。这些功能具有CADENCE环境。本文采用开发的电容式MEMS加速度计宏观模型进行仿真。加速度计用Verilog-A语言描述,并置于由读出电路组成的电原理图中。对UPC Barcelona公司开发的z轴cmos集成加速度传感器进行了仿真。仿真结果与实际装置测量结果进行了比较。
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引用次数: 9
Optical and thermal simulation chain for LED package LED封装的光学和热模拟链
O. Tapaninen, Petri Myohanen, M. Majanen, A. Sitomaniemi, J. Olkkonen, V. Hildenbrand, A. Gielen, F. V. Mackenzie, M. Barink, V. Šmilauer, B. Patzák
This paper presents a test case for coupling two physical aspects of an LED, optical and thermal, using specific simulation models coupled through an open source platform for distributed multi-physics modelling. The glue code for coupling is written with Python programming language including routines to interface specific simulation models. This approach can also be used for any other software. The main optical simulations are performed with an open source ray tracer software and the main thermal simulations are performed with Comsol Multiphysics. We show how to connect a Mie theory based scattering calculator with the ray tracer. Simulation results are compared to measured samples. The total radiant power emitted by the modelled LED is shown to be up to 3% consistent with the measurements.
本文提出了一个测试用例,用于耦合LED的两个物理方面,光学和热,使用通过分布式多物理场建模的开源平台耦合的特定仿真模型。耦合的粘合代码是用Python编程语言编写的,包括接口特定仿真模型的例程。这种方法也可以用于任何其他软件。主要的光学模拟是用开源的射线追踪软件进行的,主要的热模拟是用Comsol Multiphysics进行的。我们展示了如何将基于Mie理论的散射计算器与光线追踪器连接起来。仿真结果与实测样品进行了比较。模拟的LED发出的总辐射功率与测量结果一致,最高可达3%。
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引用次数: 10
Tailoring material properties for 3D microfabrication: In-situ experimentation and multi-scale modelling 三维微加工裁剪材料特性:原位实验和多尺度建模
R. Poelma, X. Fan, E. Schlangen, H. V. van Zeijl, G. Zhang
Vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays (CNTs) are a nanoscale material that can be grown from the bottom up in a fast and controlled manner to form large microstructures. Combined with thin conformal coatings, we gain accurate control over the material properties of nano-porous CNT arrays. This paper deals with three topics involving nanoscale materials for microfabrication; (1) microfabrication steps for 3D micro-structures using CNTs arrays and thin conformal coatings, (2) the (in-situ) experimental characterization of the material and (3) a multi-scale modelling approach for analysing the mechanical material properties of CNT pillars.
垂直排列的碳纳米管阵列(CNTs)是一种纳米级材料,可以以快速和可控的方式自下而上生长,形成大型微观结构。结合薄保形涂层,我们可以精确控制纳米多孔碳纳米管阵列的材料特性。本文讨论了涉及纳米材料微加工的三个主题;(1)利用碳纳米管阵列和薄保形涂层制备三维微结构的微加工步骤;(2)材料的(原位)实验表征;(3)碳纳米管柱材料力学性能的多尺度建模方法分析。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of lifetime predictions with LED lamps and light source modules in accelerated aging tests 加速老化试验中LED灯和光源模块寿命预测的比较
Jian Hao, Qiang Sun, L. Jing, Yao Wang, Jian Zhao, Hongxin Zhang, Hong-liang Ke, Qun Gao, Xiao-xun Wang, Yanchao Zhang
In order to investigate the difference of the lifetime predictions between LED lamps and light source modules, different types of accelerated aging tests have been done in this paper. The accelerated temperatures are 85 °C, 80 °C and 60 °C for three aging tests, respectively. Luminous flux, as evaluation criteria of degradation, is measured at accelerated aging temperatures. Fitted by the exponential decay law of luminous flux, decay rate of each sample is acquired. Under the condition of Weibull distribution, two-stage method is used to solve the degradation model and to calculate the accelerated lifetimes of LED. The lifetimes at room temperature of 25 °C are then calculated by use of the Arrhenius model. It is shown that the widths of confidence intervals of parameters of Weibull distribution are improved greatly by the second stage of simulation. The averaged confidence interval of shape parameter is about 3% of that in the first stage of estimate. The medium lifetime at room temperature of LED lamp declines by 5.6% as compared with light source module. This implies that the aging of driver module has small influence on lifetime of LED lamp.
为了研究LED灯和光源模块寿命预测的差异,本文进行了不同类型的加速老化试验。三个老化试验的加速温度分别为85℃、80℃和60℃。在加速老化温度下测量光通量作为退化的评价标准。根据光通量的指数衰减规律拟合得到每个样品的衰减率。在威布尔分布条件下,采用两阶段法求解退化模型,计算LED的加速寿命。然后用阿伦尼乌斯模型计算室温25°C下的寿命。结果表明,通过第二阶段的仿真,威布尔分布参数置信区间的宽度有了很大的提高。形状参数的平均置信区间约为第一阶段估计置信区间的3%。与光源模组相比,LED灯的室温介质寿命下降了5.6%。这说明驱动模块的老化对LED灯寿命的影响很小。
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引用次数: 10
Guidelines for enabling modular simulations according to signal-based subsystem modelling 根据基于信号的子系统建模实现模块化模拟的指导原则
M. Benedikt, S. Thonhofer
The implementation of a modular system development approach offers great opportunities for distributed modelling and analysis of mechatronic systems. Signal-flow based subsystem models are frequently used for this purpose, especially within Co-Simulation scenarios. They are usually masked such that sharing the model is possible without granting access to internal details of the implementation. However, this lack of knowledge about the internal structure of a model can lead to modelling mistakes: especially problems originating from neglected energy exchange between models can happen. Such problems can be avoided if physical interaction based models are used for defining the interfaces of the models. This contribution highlights typically occuring problems according to modular system simulation leading to modelling guidelines, demonstrated on a simple theoretical example.
模块化系统开发方法的实施为机电一体化系统的分布式建模和分析提供了巨大的机遇。基于信号流的子系统模型经常用于此目的,特别是在协同仿真场景中。这些子系统模型通常被遮盖起来,这样就可以在不允许访问内部实施细节的情况下共享模型。然而,对模型内部结构的不了解可能会导致建模错误:特别是由于忽略了模型之间的能量交换而产生的问题。如果使用基于物理相互作用的模型来定义模型的界面,就可以避免这些问题。本文通过一个简单的理论示例,重点介绍了模块化系统仿真的典型问题,并提出了建模指南。
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引用次数: 0
High frequency characterization of nanocomposite materials based on simulation and measurement of buried capacitors 基于埋地电容仿真与测量的纳米复合材料高频特性研究
Massar Wade, G. Duchamp, T. Dubois, I. B. Majek
Passive components embedded into printed circuit boards (PCBs) are of great interest to enhance the size reduction, the integration density increase and the number of functionalities of electronic circuits. This technology enables to increase the operating frequency towards higher frequencies and improve the reliability. A large number of passive components used on an electronic board are capacitive. So their study involves the biggest challenge for burying into PCBs due to the large range of capacitance required and the large frequency domain of applications. This paper deals with the high frequency characterization and the determination of the frequency dependence of the permittivity of innovative dielectric nanocomposite materials involved in capacitive structures, based on simulations and measurements.
无源元件嵌入到印刷电路板(pcb)中,对减小电子电路的尺寸、提高集成密度和增加电子电路的功能具有重要意义。该技术可以使工作频率向更高的频率增加,提高可靠性。电子电路板上使用的大量无源元件都是电容式的。因此,他们的研究涉及到埋入pcb的最大挑战,因为需要大范围的电容和大频域的应用。本文在模拟和测量的基础上,研究了电容结构中新型介电纳米复合材料的高频特性和介电常数的频率依赖性。
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引用次数: 0
Study of the shielding of angular position sensors with magnetic transduction 磁导角位置传感器的屏蔽研究
A. Faria, J. Fontaínhas, D. Araujo, J. Cabral, L. Rocha
Over the past few years, magnetic position sensors have increasingly been chosen over other products and technologies as a result of their high durability, reliability and their ability to be integrated into very small form factors. However, the use of magnetic based sensors is susceptible to interferences when placed in electric vehicles, due to the increasing number of cables. As the electric cables generate stray magnetic fields, especially the ones carrying the high currents from battery to the motor, wrong readings from the magnetic sensors occur, since the amount of external magnetic fields is greater than the maximum disturbance supported by the sensor [1]. The effect of magnetic shielding on an angular position sensor is studied here using an electro-magnetic FEM model (ANSYS Workbench [2]). Permanent magnet, magnetic sensor and disturbance source are modeled and the effect of shielding is extracted from the simulations. Simulation results show that shielding can be achieved using a highly permeable plastic casing.
在过去的几年中,磁性位置传感器由于其高耐用性,可靠性和集成到非常小的外形尺寸的能力而越来越多地选择其他产品和技术。然而,由于电缆数量的增加,在电动汽车中使用基于磁的传感器容易受到干扰。由于电缆产生杂散磁场,特别是从电池到电机的大电流,由于外部磁场的量大于传感器支持的最大干扰[1],因此会产生磁传感器的错误读数。利用ANSYS Workbench[2]电磁有限元模型研究了磁屏蔽对角位置传感器的影响。对永磁体、磁传感器和干扰源进行了建模,提取了屏蔽的影响。仿真结果表明,采用高渗透性的塑料外壳可以达到屏蔽效果。
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引用次数: 5
Multi-physical simulation of high performance computing platform integrating polymer waveguides 集成聚合物波导的高性能计算平台的多物理仿真
T. Bechtold, D. Hohlfeld
This work presents a general simulation approach for all relevant physical effects in electro-optical circuit boards. Such printed circuit boards integrate electrical components and connections together with optical wave-guides as signal lines for applications in data transmission and sensing. The proposed modelling approach includes a calculation of heat distribution based on convective cooling and the thermally induced mechanical stress. We also present results on mode shapes within straight and uniformly curved waveguides as well as a consideration of ray tracing.
这项工作提出了电光电路板中所有相关物理效应的一般模拟方法。这种印刷电路板将电子元件和连接与光波导集成在一起,作为数据传输和传感应用的信号线。所提出的建模方法包括基于对流冷却和热诱导机械应力的热分布计算。我们还提出了直波导和均匀弯曲波导内模态振型的结果,以及对光线追踪的考虑。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2016 17th International Conference on Thermal, Mechanical and Multi-Physics Simulation and Experiments in Microelectronics and Microsystems (EuroSimE)
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